CN106886179A - A kind of aquaculture precisely feeds control system and method - Google Patents
A kind of aquaculture precisely feeds control system and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106886179A CN106886179A CN201710121264.6A CN201710121264A CN106886179A CN 106886179 A CN106886179 A CN 106886179A CN 201710121264 A CN201710121264 A CN 201710121264A CN 106886179 A CN106886179 A CN 106886179A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- fish
- chip microcomputer
- frequency
- aquaculture
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
Control system and method are precisely fed the invention discloses a kind of aquaculture, system includes behavior detection sensor, single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor and the power supply of feeding object (i.e. fish)；Single-chip microcomputer is connected with sensor, stepper motor respectively, and power supply is respectively sensor, single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor and provides electric power；In a range of waters in feedstuff feeding area, one group of sensor, the movable frequency information for obtaining the shoal of fish are arranged, and the movable frequency information for obtaining is passed into the single-chip microcomputer；The single-chip microcomputer controls the opening and closing of the stepper motor, and then realize the opening and closing of control fodder machine according to the movable frequency information of the shoal of fish.Simple structure of the present invention, installation are simple, easy to maintenance, and sensor is to be capable of achieving only with some elastomers or spring leaf, and any electrical equipment is not needed under water body, install, safeguard that (renewal) is all facilitated very much.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cultivation equipment technical field, and in particular to a kind of aquaculture precisely feeds control system and side
Method.
Background technology
China is a fishery big country, and in aquaculture, economic benefit and ecological benefits produced by cultivation activity are past
There is substantial connection toward the mode with cultivation.At present, fisherman feeds fish and is typically to judge the feeding volume of feed according to the experience of oneself
And Feeding time, there are problems in this mode：The appetite of fish growth phase not only with fish, daily nursing period have
Close, also the real-time status with weather, water temperature and fish is relevant so that feeding volume and Feeding time cannot precisely controls, one side fishing
The people do not know accurate " appetite " of fish, but worry that fish does not have enough to eat, so the phenomenon of suffering from hunger of fish is occurred without, otherwise increasing feeds
Amount, and the feed of excess is not taken food in water by the shoal of fish, is sunk under water and is resolved into nitrogen, phosphorus compound, and water body is polluted, this
All so that.Automatically controlled to realize precisely feeding, existing certain methods have many limitation, be such as based on underwater camera
Head observation, suffers from the influence of the color, turbidity of water body.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, one kind that the present invention is provided is automatically obtained and precisely feeds, it is to avoid cause feed
Waste, it is to avoid the pollution that Excessive Feed brings to water body, at the same also ensure that fish reach " being satiated with food " point aquaculture precisely throw
Feed control system and method.
The technical scheme that system of the invention is used is：A kind of aquaculture precisely feeds control system, and its feature exists
In：Sensor, single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor and the power supply detected including the behavior to feeding object；
The single-chip microcomputer is connected with the sensor, stepper motor respectively, and the power supply is respectively the sensor, monolithic
Machine, stepper motor provide electric power；
In a range of waters in feedstuff feeding area, sensor described in one group of arrangement, the activity frequency for obtaining the shoal of fish
Degree information, and the movable frequency information for obtaining is passed into the single-chip microcomputer；The single-chip microcomputer is believed according to the movable frequency of the shoal of fish
Breath, controls the opening and closing of the stepper motor, and then realize the opening and closing of control fodder machine.
The technical scheme that the method for the present invention is used is：A kind of aquaculture precisely feeds control method, and its feature exists
In comprising the following steps：
Step 1：Fodder machine is opened, is started to throw and is raised；
Step 2：The shoal of fish touches the sensor, record be touched on each time point T of each sensor time
Number F；
Step 3：According to touching frequency F, time T- frequency F curve is drawn, so as to obtain fodder machine optimal stopping time point.
Compared with the mode that Traditional Man feeds, technical solution of the present invention has following obvious advantages：
1st, artificial feed depends on the experience (total amount of growth phase, fish such as according to fish determines feeding volume) of people, such as fish
Immediate status, water body environment can all influence the food ration of fish all to produce considerable influence to actually feeding demand, and this method
According to behavior of fish itself, can accurate detecting fish school " being satiated with food " point, it is to avoid Traditional Man mode depends on the experience of people and causes
Inaccuracy.
2nd, it is automatically obtained and precisely feeds, it is to avoid cause the waste of feed, it is to avoid the pollution that Excessive Feed brings to water body,
Also ensure that fish reaches " being satiated with food " point simultaneously.
3rd, cost of labor is saved, it is not necessary to which fisherman goes to feed daily to culture zone several times, especially large-scale aquatic products
Culture zone, this set system is possible to save substantial amounts of artificial.
Compared with other feed system such as underwater camera mode automatically, technical solution of the present invention also has following advantages：
1st, the behavior pattern based on fish obtains " being satiated with food " point, it is to avoid other manner depends on the disadvantage of environmental factor (such as illumination)
End.
2nd, simple structure, installation are simple, easy to maintenance, and sensor is to be capable of achieving only with some elastomers or spring leaf,
Any electrical equipment is not needed under water body, installed, safeguarded that (renewal) is all facilitated very much.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：The sensor array of the embodiment of the present invention is used and is connected in parallel schematic diagram.
Fig. 2：The sensor array of the embodiment of the present invention is used and is connected in series schematic diagram.
Fig. 3：The when m- frequency (T-F) curve of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is to this hair
It is bright to be described in further detail, it will be appreciated that implementation example described herein is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
A kind of aquaculture that the present invention is provided precisely feeds control system, including is carried out including the behavior to feeding object
The sensor of detection, single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor and power supply；Single-chip microcomputer is connected with sensor, stepper motor respectively, and power supply is respectively
Sensor, single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor provide electric power；In a range of waters in feedstuff feeding area, one group of sensor is arranged, used
In the movable frequency information for obtaining the shoal of fish, and the movable frequency information for obtaining is passed into single-chip microcomputer；Single-chip microcomputer is according to the shoal of fish
Movable frequency information, controls the opening and closing of stepper motor, and then realize the opening and closing of control fodder machine.
Single-chip computer control system realizes sensor frequency robot scaler.There are two kinds of sides of parallel detection and serial sensing
Formula.Touching search switch is fixed on stationary plane, can be divided into some groups, every group of a line of correspondence stationary plane, in parallel detection
When, when any one touching switch of the group is triggered (connection), the number that single-chip microcomputer will be touched according to this group of touching switch
Stored count (Fig. 1) is carried out, when serial sensing is carried out, in the same time, when same group of two or more touching switch quilts
When touching simultaneously, only count once (Fig. 2), the high precision of parallel detection, but it is higher to the IO input interfaces number requirement of single-chip microcomputer,
Serial sensing precision is slightly worse, but be able to can just be completed with simplest 51 single-chip microcomputer.
For the content of the Sensor section in the above, bracing wire method and outstanding multiway tree method two schemes can be used.
For single-chip computer control system, empirical Frequency flex point or stabilization time point method can be used.Single-chip computer control system realizes sensing
Device frequency robot scaler, can there is series connection and multiple process.
A kind of aquaculture that the present invention is provided precisely feeds control method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Fodder machine is opened, is started to throw and is raised；When the shoal of fish hears that fodder machine sounds, swim over to when feeding region, shoal of fish meeting
Touch sensor；
Step 2：The shoal of fish touches the sensor, record be touched on each time point T of each sensor time
Number F；
Step 3：When the shoal of fish on a full stomach, can slowly disperse, leave when feeding region also can sensor counted.According to
Touching frequency F, draws time T- frequency F curve, so as to obtain fodder machine optimal stopping time point.
Continuously record the sensor since feeding to count, the m- frequency (T-F) curve during formation analyzes T-F curves, adopts
With F to the mathematics flex point of T (corresponding T when first derivative is maximum), empirical Frequency flex point (as F=20%*Max (F), F values
Corresponding time point T) or F less than certain threshold value and relatively stablize when time point T, according to cultivation object the characteristics of, can adopt
With empirical Frequency flex point or stabilization time point as fish " being satiated with food " point, and single-chip microcomputer passes to stepper motor (fodder machine) at this moment
Pass an end and feed signal.
See Fig. 3, the when m- frequency (T-F) the curve feeding behaviour pattern theory of the present embodiment, with the time as abscissa,
Frequency is ordinate, and the reflection of formation is ingested the curve of active degree, can be divided into 4 regions：Shi Shi areas, Zheng Shi areas, transition region
With the area that is satiated with food.The wherein Shi Shi areas time is shorter, quickly into Zheng Shi areas, experiences transition region (frequency rapid decrease), and arrival is satiated with food
Area.
Based on when the m- frequency (T-F) curve calculate empirical Frequency flex point, the method for stabilization time point, and with this determination fish
" being satiated with food " point.In Fig. 3, the method for calculating transition region, first with 3 (or n times, n>=3) rolling average to obtain rolling average bent
Line, the first derivative of calculated curve obtains the corresponding T of minimum first derivative values as flex point, calculates continuous two frequencies again afterwards
The first derivative of rate sampled point (meets close to 0>- 0.05 and<0.05) when corresponding T as enter be satiated with food area entrance (i.e.
Stabilization time point).Herein use n average purpose, be avoid T-F curves it is unsmooth cause derivation difficulty.
The a set of of present invention design is anti-as acquisition of information source, with single-chip microcomputer as controller, with stepper motor with sensor
The accurate cultivation of three parts for presenting control feeds control system, and sensor element is the core component of the system, and general principle is base
In the feeding behaviour pattern of fish, i.e., in a range of waters in feedstuff feeding area, one group of sensor is arranged, when feeding beginning
When, in feed input water body, now fish is under most starvation, and the shoal of fish will be quick and frequent in the activity of Feeding Area, this
Motion is sensed by fish body and contacting with each other for sensor, gets maximum activity frequency (Max (F)), systems stay
Opening feeds switch and carries out feedstuff feeding, and sensor is continued to monitor and records the motion frequency (F) of fish, and works as fish after certain hour
Group's " having enough ", the shoal of fish initially moves off and feeds region, and the travelling speed of fish body slows down, and now can also be arrived by sensor sensing,
M- motion frequency curve during by drawing, the F value curves that formation is gradually reduced with Feeding time (T), by analyzing T-F curves,
Just it can be found that fish is by the empirical Frequency flex point (as the time point T of F=20%*Max (F)) or stabilization time point T of " fed to appetite ",
Stepper motor switch so as to single-chip microcomputer to fodder machine sends stop signal, and controlled motor is closed, and fodder machine stops feeding.
Compared to traditional approach, this set system does not rely on environmental factor (such as water temperature, light), only by the behavior of fish itself
Pattern, accurately judges that the shoal of fish " is satiated with food " time point, so be precisely controlled fodder machine stop feed, it is to avoid cause feed waste
The phenomenon of polluted-water, also meets demand of the feeding object to food ration.
It should be appreciated that the part that this specification is not elaborated belongs to prior art.
It should be appreciated that the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is more detailed, therefore can not be considered to this
The limitation of invention patent protection scope, one of ordinary skill in the art is not departing from power of the present invention under enlightenment of the invention
Profit requires under protected ambit, can also make replacement or deform, each falls within protection scope of the present invention, this hair
It is bright scope is claimed to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of aquaculture precisely feeds control system, it is characterised in that：Detected including the behavior to feeding object
Sensor, single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor and power supply；
The single-chip microcomputer is connected with the sensor, stepper motor respectively, the power supply be respectively the sensor, single-chip microcomputer,
Stepper motor provides electric power；
In a range of waters in feedstuff feeding area, sensor described in one group of arrangement, the movable frequency for obtaining the shoal of fish is believed
Breath, and the movable frequency information for obtaining is passed into the single-chip microcomputer；The single-chip microcomputer is controlled according to the movable frequency information of the shoal of fish
The opening and closing of the stepper motor are made, and then realizes the opening and closing of control fodder machine.
2. aquaculture according to claim 1 precisely feeds control system, it is characterised in that：The sensor passes through bullet
Property fiber or spring leaf are laid in Feeding Area waters.
3. aquaculture according to claim 1 precisely feeds control system, it is characterised in that：The sensor is using string
Join or be connected in parallel, constitute sensor array.
4. the aquaculture according to claim 1-3 any one precisely feeds control system, it is characterised in that：The biography
Sensor is laid in Feeding Area waters using bracing wire method and outstanding multiway tree method.
5. a kind of aquaculture precisely feeds control method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Fodder machine is opened, is started to throw and is raised；
Step 2：The shoal of fish touches the sensor, records the number of times F being touched on each time point T of each sensor；
Step 3：According to touching frequency F, time T- frequency F curve is drawn, so as to calculate fodder machine optimal stopping time point.
6. aquaculture according to claim 5 precisely feeds control method, it is characterised in that：In step 2, if sensor
Using being connected in parallel, on same time point, the number being touched according to sensor is carried out stored count to array by single-chip microcomputer；If
Sensor array using being connected in series, on same time point, touched simultaneously in sensor array by two or more sensors
When, only count once.
7. the aquaculture according to claim 5 or 6 precisely feeds control method, it is characterised in that：When described in step 3
Between T- frequency F curves, be 4 regions：Shi Shi areas, Zheng Shi areas, transition region and the area that is satiated with food.
8. aquaculture according to claim 7 precisely feeds control method, it is characterised in that：The method of the transition region
It is first to obtain rolling average curve with n rolling average, the first derivative of calculated curve obtains minimum first derivative values correspondence
T as flex point, calculate the first derivative of continuous two stepped-frequency signals again afterwards more than -0.05 and corresponding during less than 0.05
T is used as the entrance for entering the area that is satiated with food.
9. the aquaculture according to claim 5 or 6 precisely feeds control method, it is characterised in that：Described in step 3 most
Good dwell time point, is " being satiated with food " point of fish；Analysis T-F curves, empirical Frequency flex point or stabilization time point T are optimal stopping
Time point.
10. aquaculture according to claim 9 precisely feeds control method, it is characterised in that：The empirical Frequency is turned
Point, is that, when just starting to feed feed, fish mutually strive food by frequent touch sensor due to starvation, and F values are very high, and work as and feed
After food proceeds to certain hour, when most fish has been satiated with food, movable frequency will be significantly reduced, and now will appear from a touching frequency
Secondary flex point, as empirical Frequency flex point.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710121264.6A CN106886179A (en) | 2017-03-02 | 2017-03-02 | A kind of aquaculture precisely feeds control system and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710121264.6A CN106886179A (en) | 2017-03-02 | 2017-03-02 | A kind of aquaculture precisely feeds control system and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106886179A true CN106886179A (en) | 2017-06-23 |
Family
ID=59180266
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| CN201710121264.6A Pending CN106886179A (en) | 2017-03-02 | 2017-03-02 | A kind of aquaculture precisely feeds control system and method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110214726A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-09-10 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Device is precisely fed based on what fish behavior and big data were excavated |
| CN111480587A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-04 | 程恩串 | Micro-control mouse cage for activity in microbiological medical test and activity measuring method |
| CN111833203A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-27 | 上海览宋科技有限公司 | Fish shoal monitoring device |
| CN111903571A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-11-10 | 宁波大学科学技术学院 | Fish culture feeding method based on water body flow field characteristics |
| CN112106689A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-22 | 中国农业大学 | Prawn feed platform observation system |
| CN112602644A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-06 | 华中农业大学 | Blocking net type aquaculture accurate intelligent feeding system and method |
| CN113325741A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-31 | 华中农业大学 | Intelligent control system and control method for aquaculture feed feeding machine |
| CN113447952A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-09-28 | 武汉大学 | Fish shoal hunger detection method and system based on ingestion behavior |
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| CN113325741B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-06-14 | 华中农业大学 | Intelligent control system and control method for aquaculture feed feeding machine |
| CN113447952A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-09-28 | 武汉大学 | Fish shoal hunger detection method and system based on ingestion behavior |
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Application publication date: 20170623 |