CN106885665B - Comprehensive test bed for leaf spring suspension system - Google Patents
Comprehensive test bed for leaf spring suspension system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106885665B CN106885665B CN201710234720.8A CN201710234720A CN106885665B CN 106885665 B CN106885665 B CN 106885665B CN 201710234720 A CN201710234720 A CN 201710234720A CN 106885665 B CN106885665 B CN 106885665B
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0041—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress
- G01M5/005—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a comprehensive test bed for a leaf spring suspension system, which has diversified measurement functions and is simple and convenient to operate. The test bed comprises a tested piece system, a clamping system, a torque loading and measuring system, a rotating angle measuring system, a rear axle locking system, an alternating current motor protection system, a torque loading and measuring system, a vertical loading system and a vertical displacement measuring system. The test bed can accurately measure the longitudinal angle rigidity and the radial rigidity of the steel plate spring suspension system, can dynamically test the steel plate spring suspension system, can also be used as a test bed for measuring the matching of the steel plate spring suspension system and an axle and the like, and can also connect the steel plate spring suspension system with the axle to perform axle housing torsion rigidity test; the test bed can be used for carrying out a plurality of tests respectively, and each test operation step is simple and convenient to operate and has strong practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile leaf spring suspension test, in particular to a comprehensive test bed for a leaf spring suspension system.
Background
Currently, the gantry for measuring the stiffness of a leaf spring is limited to radial stiffness. When carrying out radial rigidity test to leaf spring, generally install leaf spring assembly on the test rack, leaf spring one end is fixed through round pin axle and rack, ensures its rotational degree of freedom. The other end is connected with the sliding trolley through a pin shaft, so that the sliding trolley can rotate around the pin shaft and can move automatically along the length direction. A load is applied at the leaf spring saddle bolts so that its radial stiffness can be measured. But no test bench exists for measuring the longitudinal angle rigidity and the radial rigidity of a steel plate spring suspension system (a system comprising a swing lug and a rolling lug), matching of the steel plate spring, the swing lug and an axle and the like.
The rigidity of the steel plate spring suspension system is closely related to the offset frequency of the automobile, and the longitudinal angle of the steel plate spring suspension system is very important for the comfort of the whole automobile and the like in the starting and decelerating stages of the automobile. In addition, during operation of the vehicle, it is the leaf spring suspension system that actually functions. And the related test bed is still lacked for matching and the like of the steel plate spring suspension system. Meanwhile, most of the rigidity tests of the axle housing are aimed at bending rigidity and strength, and a test bed for the torsional rigidity of the axle housing is also lacked. Therefore, a test bed for measuring the longitudinal angular stiffness, the radial stiffness, the axle or axle housing torsional stiffness and the strength of the steel plate spring suspension system is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive test bed for a leaf spring suspension system, which has diversified measurement functions and is simple and convenient to operate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a comprehensive test bed for a leaf spring suspension system comprises a base, wherein a plurality of dovetail grooves which are parallel to each other and used for mounting bolts are arranged on the upper surface of the base, a tested part system is arranged at the center above the base and comprises an H-shaped frame which is horizontally arranged, front lifting lugs and rear lifting lugs are respectively arranged on the side edges of the outer sides of two longitudinal beams of the H-shaped frame, an ear seat of each front lifting lug is connected with a first adjusting sheet, an ear seat of each rear lifting lug is connected with a second adjusting sheet, and the first adjusting sheet and the second adjusting sheet are detachably connected with the frame; the front lifting lug and the rear lifting lug are detachably connected with the swinging lug and the rolling lug which are arranged at two ends of the main spring of the steel plate spring respectively; the steel plate spring main spring and the steel plate spring auxiliary spring arranged above the steel plate spring main spring are sleeved in an inverted U-shaped riding bolt, a threaded rod part at the lower end of the riding bolt is detachably connected with axle housings on two sides of an axle, half shafts arranged in the axle housings on the left side and the right side of the axle are respectively connected with a wheel through bolts, a brake is arranged on the inner side of a wheel hub of the wheel, and the brake is fixedly connected on the axle housing of the axle through bolts;
the frame is characterized in that 4 corner points of the lower end face of the frame are respectively connected with a mounting plate, the mounting plate is detachably connected with a vertical loading system and a vertical displacement measuring system which are arranged below the mounting plate, and the vertical loading system, the vertical displacement measuring system and the base are detachably connected;
the outer side surface of a hub of the wheel is detachably connected with a clamping system, the clamping system comprises a horizontally placed cylindrical connecting piece, a connecting flange arranged on one end surface of the connecting piece is detachably connected with the outer side surface of the hub of the wheel, and a connecting flange arranged on the other end surface of the cylindrical connecting piece is connected with one end surface of a force transmission gear;
the connecting flange of the cylindrical connecting piece, which is close to one end of the force transmission gear, is detachably connected with a front end face mounting plate in an angle measuring system, the front end face mounting plate is connected with one end of a transmission rod, the other end of the transmission rod is connected with a rotating part arranged in a shell of an angle sensor, the shell of the angle sensor is connected with one end face of a rear end face mounting plate, the other end face of the rear end face mounting plate is connected with the vertical side face of an I-shaped fixing plate which is vertically placed, the upper end face of the fixing plate is detachably connected with the bottom face of a horizontal beam of a portal frame, the lower end face of the fixing plate is detachably connected with an underframe, two opposite side faces of the lower parts of two supporting legs of the portal frame are respectively connected with the vertical side face of a right-angle plate through bolts, the horizontal plane of the right-angle plate is fixed on an auxiliary supporting plate through bolts, and the auxiliary supporting plate is detachably connected with a base;
a cylindrical clamp in the rear axle locking system is arranged near the outer side surface of the connecting piece, the rear axle locking system also comprises a clamp arranged on the cylindrical clamp, and a gap of 1-2 mm is formed between the clamp and the outer side surface of the connecting piece; the clamp is sequentially connected with the dowel bar and the electromagnetic brake, the cylindrical clamp and the electromagnetic brake are arranged on the bracket, and the bottom of the bracket is detachably connected with the underframe;
the force transmission gear is meshed with a second transmission pinion in the torque loading and measuring system, the torque loading and measuring system comprises a loading motor, and a base of the loading motor is installed on the movable bottom plate; the output end of the loading motor is sequentially connected with the input ends of the plum blossom coupling and the torque sensor, the output end of the torque sensor is sequentially connected with the rotating shafts of the plum blossom coupling and the first transmission pinion, the first transmission pinion is meshed with the first transmission gear wheel, the first transmission gear wheel is sequentially connected with the first planetary gear set, the second planetary gear set and the second transmission pinion, the first planetary gear set comprises a first sun gear which is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft of the first transmission gear wheel and rotates together, a first planet carrier is arranged on the outer side of the first sun gear, the first planet carrier is sleeved with a first planet gear, and the first planet gear is respectively meshed with the first sun gear and the first gear ring; the rotating shafts of the second sun gears in the first planet carrier and the second planet gear set rotate together; a second planet carrier is arranged on the outer side of the second sun gear, a second planet gear is sleeved on the second planet carrier, and the second planet gear is respectively meshed with the second sun gear and the second gear ring; the rotating shafts of the second planet carrier and the second transmission pinion rotate together;
the rotating shaft of the first transmission big gear and the rotating shaft of the second transmission small gear are respectively installed in through holes arranged on two end faces of the reduction mechanism box body, the reduction mechanism box body is welded with a base angle, and the base angle is fixedly connected on the movable bottom plate through bolts; a rectangular small hole is formed in the side face of the reduction mechanism box body;
the outer side surface of a first gear ring of the first row of planetary gear sets and the outer side surface of a second gear ring of the second row of planetary gear sets are respectively contacted with the inner side surface of a circular ring-shaped brake belt in the protection system; the protection system also comprises a direct-acting electromagnetic brake, wherein two ends of the brake belt form a circular ring shape with a notch in an inner cavity of the speed reducing mechanism box body, two ends of the brake belt extend out of a rectangular small hole formed in the side surface of the speed reducing mechanism box body and are connected with a brake shoe arranged on the electromagnetic brake, and the brake shoe can push the brake belt to move so that the brake belt is respectively attached to the first gear ring and the second gear ring and is connected into a whole;
the electromagnetic brake is arranged on the rectangular frame, and the lower end of the rectangular frame is connected with a movable bottom plate in the evacuation system through a bolt; the evacuation system also comprises a slide rail arranged at a corresponding position on the base, a screw rod parallel to the slide rail is arranged near the slide rail, and the slide rail and the two longitudinal beams of the frame are arranged vertically; the sliding rail is provided with a sliding block matched with the sliding rail, and the bottom surface of the movable bottom plate is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the sliding block; the side of the sliding block is fixedly connected with a guide block arranged on the lead screw, one end of the lead screw is sequentially connected with the plum coupling and the stepping motor, the other end of the lead screw is arranged on the sliding rail through a bearing, and a base of the stepping motor is arranged on the sliding rail.
Preferably, the vertical loading system comprises a vertically arranged worm, the upper end of the worm is sequentially connected with the first upper base plate and the mounting plate through bolts, the lower end of the worm is sequentially connected with the first lower base plate and the base through bolts, a worm wheel meshed with the worm is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the first upper base plate, and the worm wheel is connected with a driving motor arranged on the lower bottom surface of the first upper base plate.
Preferably, the vertical displacement measurement system comprises a vertically arranged linear displacement sensor, the lower end of the displacement sensor is sequentially connected with the second lower base plate and the base through bolts, and the upper end of the displacement sensor is sequentially connected with the push rod, the second upper base plate and the mounting plate in a detachable mode.
Preferably, the number of the first small gear teeth is 20, the number of the first large gear teeth is 60, the number of the second small gear teeth is 100, and the number of the force transmission gear teeth is 150; the number of teeth of the first sun gear and the second sun gear is 14, the number of teeth of the first planet gear and the second planet gear is 42, and the number of teeth of the first gear ring and the second gear ring is 98; the modulus of the first small gear, the first big gear, the second small gear and the force transmission gear is 2.5, the pressure angle is 20 degrees, and the thickness is 30mm.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the plum coupling is 18mm, the outer diameter of the plum coupling is 40mm, and the maximum torque is 60 NXm; the loading motor is a 220V three-phase alternating current motor with rated power of 7KW, and the measuring range of the torque sensor is 0-100 Nxm.
The test method is carried out according to any one of the comprehensive test beds of the leaf spring suspension system, and comprises the steps of installation, correction and measurement; in the measuring step, when the angle signal acquired by the angle sensor is maintained unchanged or reduced, the torque provided by the loading motor is insufficient, so that the main spring of the steel plate spring is about to rebound, the braking force on the electromagnetic brake is reduced, and the first planetary gear set is in idle running protection for the loading motor.
The comprehensive test bed for the steel plate spring suspension system comprises the following systems: the device comprises a tested piece system, a clamping system, a torque loading and measuring system, a rotation angle measuring system, a rear axle locking system, an alternating current motor protection system, a torque loading and measuring system, an evacuation system, a vertical loading system and a vertical displacement measuring system.
When the longitudinal angular stiffness of the leaf spring suspension system is tested, the loading system in the vertical direction plays a role of fixing the frame, and the vertical displacement measurement system is withdrawn. Firstly, an alternating current motor in a torque loading and measuring system provides torque, and a steel plate spring suspension system fixed by a clamping system is twisted in a gear meshing mode after passing through a torque sensor and a speed reducing mechanism. And measuring the torsion angle of the plate spring suspension system through a rotation angle measuring system. When the suspension system is turned to a specified angle, the cylindrical connecting piece twisted along with the leaf spring suspension system is locked by the locking system, so that the leaf spring is prevented from rebounding. And then the alternating current motor is closed, a brake belt in the torque loading and measuring system is loosened, the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear in the first planetary gear set and the second planetary gear set rotate, and the pressure exerted on the torque carrier loading system by the plate spring is released. And meanwhile, the evacuation system is used for removing the torque loading and measuring system, so that the loading system is prevented from being damaged when the plate spring rebounds. And then releasing the locking system to allow the steel plate spring suspension system to freely rotate after torsion, wherein in the whole test process, a torque sensor measures the torque of the alternating current motor, the torque applied to the steel plate spring suspension system is calculated after transmission ratio conversion, an angle sensor measures the torsion angle of the steel plate spring suspension system and the free torsion attenuation condition after the locking system is released, and the longitudinal angular stiffness of the steel plate spring suspension system and the torsion frequency of a plate spring after torsion release can be calculated through data on the torque sensor and the angle sensor.
When the radial stiffness of the leaf spring suspension system is carried out, the torque loading and measuring system and the locking system are removed, and the loading system in the vertical direction plays a loading role. The method comprises the steps of firstly fixing the vertical displacement of a rear axle by using a cylindrical connecting piece in a clamping system, then using stepping motors respectively arranged at four corners of a frame, synchronously working by adopting fixed rotating speed and fixed pulse frequency, applying torque on a worm and pushing the frame to move upwards. Meanwhile, the stepping motor can be protected due to the unidirectional transmission characteristic of the worm and gear mechanism. In the test process, the displacement sensor measures the vertical displacement of the steel plate spring suspension system, the torque of the stepping motor is calculated according to the moment-frequency characteristic curve of the stepping motor, and then the radial stiffness of the steel plate spring suspension system can be measured.
When the axle housing is subjected to a torsional rigidity or strength test, the torque loading mode is the same as that when the longitudinal angular rigidity test of the steel plate spring suspension system is performed. And withdrawing the steel plate spring suspension system, the H-shaped frame, the tire, the vertical loading system and the vertical displacement measuring system, and withdrawing the torque loading and measuring system on the right side at the same time, wherein only the clamping system on the right side is reserved. The rear axle is first fixed on the right side by a clamping system. And then an alternating current motor in the torque loading and measuring system provides torque, and after passing through a torque sensor and a speed reducing mechanism, the axle housing fixed by the clamping system is twisted in a gear meshing mode. And calculating the torsional strength and rigidity of the axle housing through data of the torque sensor, the angle sensor and the strain gauge.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the test bed can accurately measure the longitudinal angle rigidity and the radial rigidity of a steel plate spring suspension system which is formed by a steel plate spring main spring, a lifting lug and a swinging lug which are respectively arranged at two ends of the steel plate spring main spring, a steel plate spring auxiliary spring, a lifting lug and a swinging lug which are respectively arranged at two ends of the steel plate spring auxiliary spring, and a frame, can dynamically test the steel plate spring suspension system, can also be used as a test bed for measuring the matching of the steel plate spring suspension system and an axle and the like, can also connect the steel plate spring suspension system and the axle to test the torsional rigidity strength of the axle housing; the test bed can be used for carrying out a plurality of tests respectively, and each test operation step is simple and convenient to operate and has strong practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an explosion during a longitudinal angular stiffness or radial stiffness test performed on a comprehensive test stand;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system under test;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a clamping system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a torque loading and measurement system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a torque loading and measuring system;
figure 6 is an isometric view of the evacuation system;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a vertical loading system and a vertical displacement measurement system;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an axle housing torsion test performed by the comprehensive test stand;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a strain gauge placement position.
Detailed Description
The leaf spring suspension system described in this application includes: the steel plate spring main spring 103 and the swinging lug and the rolling lug which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the steel plate spring main spring 103, the steel plate spring auxiliary spring 106 and the swinging lug and the rolling lug which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the steel plate spring auxiliary spring 106, the front lifting lug 211, the rear lifting lug 210 and the frame 208;
a comprehensive test bed for a leaf spring suspension system as shown in fig. 1-7, which comprises a base 214, wherein a plurality of dovetail grooves which are parallel to each other and are used for mounting bolts are arranged on the upper surface of the base 214, a tested piece system 1 is arranged at the center position above the base 214, the tested piece system 1 comprises an H-shaped frame 208 which is horizontally arranged, a front lifting lug 211 and a rear lifting lug 210 are respectively arranged on the side edges of the outer sides of two longitudinal beams of the frame 208, the lug seat of the front lifting lug 211 is connected with a first adjusting plate 213, the lug seat of the rear lifting lug 210 is connected with a second adjusting plate 212, and the first adjusting plate 213 and the second adjusting plate 212 are respectively connected with the frame 208 in a detachable manner, which can be a bolt-type detachable connection, a snap-type detachable connection, or an adhesive-type detachable connection; the front lifting lug 211 and the rear lifting lug 210 are detachably connected with the swing lug 104 and the rolling lug arranged at two ends of the steel plate spring main spring 103 respectively; the steel plate spring main spring 103 and the steel plate spring auxiliary spring 106 arranged above the steel plate spring main spring are sleeved in an inverted U-shaped riding bolt 105, a threaded rod part at the lower end of the riding bolt 105 is detachably connected with axle housings on two sides of an axle 102, half shafts arranged in the axle housings on the left side and the right side of the axle 102 are respectively connected with a wheel 101 through bolts, a brake is arranged on the inner side of a hub of the wheel 101, and the brake is fixedly connected on the axle housing of the axle 102 through bolts;
4 corner points of the lower end surface of the frame 208 are respectively connected with a mounting plate 209, the mounting plate 209 is detachably connected with a vertical loading system 8 and a vertical displacement measuring system 9 which are arranged below the mounting plate 209, and the vertical loading system 8, the vertical displacement measuring system 9 and the base 214 are detachably connected;
the outer side surface of the hub of the wheel 101 is detachably connected with the clamping system 2, the clamping system 2 comprises a horizontally placed cylindrical connecting piece 205, a connecting flange 206 arranged on one end surface of the connecting piece 205 is detachably connected with the outer side surface of the hub of the wheel 101, and a connecting flange 206 arranged on the other end surface of the connecting piece 205 is connected with one end surface of a force transmission gear 207;
the connecting flange 206 of the cylindrical connecting piece 205 close to one end of the force transmission gear 207 is detachably connected with a front end face mounting plate 404 in the angle measuring system 4, the front end face mounting plate 404 is connected with one end of a transfer rod 402, the other end of the transfer rod 402 is connected with a rotating part arranged in a shell of an angle sensor 403, the shell of the angle sensor 403 is connected with a rear end face mounting plate 401, the rear end face mounting plate 401 is connected with the vertical side face of an I-shaped fixing plate 204 which is vertically arranged, the upper end face of the fixing plate 204 is detachably connected with the bottom face of a horizontal beam of the portal frame 201, the lower end face of the fixing plate 204 is detachably connected with a base 214, two opposite side faces of the lower parts of two supporting legs of the portal frame 201 are respectively connected with the vertical side face of a right-angle plate 203 through bolts, the horizontal plane of the right-angle plate 203 is fixed on an auxiliary supporting plate 202 through bolts, and the auxiliary right-angle supporting plate 202 is detachably connected with the base 214;
a cylindrical clamp 505 in the rear axle locking system 5 is arranged near the outer side surface of the connecting piece 205, the rear axle locking system 5 further comprises a clamp 501 arranged on the cylindrical clamp 505, and a gap of 1mm-2mm is formed between the clamp 501 and the outer side surface of the connecting piece 205; the clamp 501 is sequentially connected with a dowel bar 504 and an electromagnetic brake 502, the cylindrical clamp 505 and the electromagnetic brake 502 are arranged on a support 503, and the bottom of the support 503 is detachably connected with the base 214;
the force transmission gear 207 is meshed with a second transmission pinion 307 in the torque loading and measuring system 3, the torque loading and measuring system 3 comprises a loading motor 301, and the base of the loading motor 301 is installed on a movable bottom plate 701; the output end of the loading motor 301 is sequentially connected with the input ends of a plum blossom coupling 302 and a torque sensor 303, the output end of the torque sensor 303 is sequentially connected with rotating shafts of the plum blossom coupling 302 and a first transmission pinion 304, the first transmission pinion 304 is meshed with a first transmission gearwheel 305, the first transmission gearwheel 305 is sequentially connected with a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set and a second transmission pinion 307, the first planetary gear set comprises a first sun gear 311 which is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft of the first transmission gearwheel 305 and rotates together, a first planet carrier 312 is arranged on the outer side of the first sun gear 311, the first planet gear 310 is sleeved on the first planet carrier 312, and the first planet gear 310 is respectively meshed with the first sun gear 311 and a first gear ring 313; the rotating shafts of the first planet carrier 312 and the second sun gear 316 in the second planetary gear set rotate together; a second planet carrier 317 is arranged on the outer side of the second sun gear 316, a second planet gear is sleeved on the second planet carrier 317, and the second planet gear is respectively meshed with the second sun gear 316 and the second ring gear 306; the rotating shafts of the second planet carrier 317 and the second transmission pinion 307 rotate together;
a rotating shaft of the first transmission large gear 305 and a rotating shaft of the second transmission small gear 307 are respectively arranged in through holes arranged on two end faces of the speed reducing mechanism box body 308, the speed reducing mechanism box body 308 is welded with a base angle 309, and the base angle 309 is fixedly connected on the movable bottom plate 701 through bolts; a rectangular small hole 314 is formed in the side surface of the reduction mechanism box 308;
the outer side surface of the first ring gear 313 of the first row of planetary gear sets and the outer side surface of the second ring gear 306 of the second row of planetary gear sets are respectively contacted with the inner side surface of a circular ring-shaped brake belt 603 in the protection system 6; the protection system 6 further comprises a direct-acting electromagnetic brake 601, two ends of the brake band 603 form a circular ring shape with a notch in an inner cavity of the speed reducing mechanism box 308, two ends of the brake band 603 extend out of a small rectangular hole 314 formed in the side surface of the speed reducing mechanism box 308 to be connected with a brake shoe 602 mounted on the electromagnetic brake 601, and the brake shoe 602 can push the brake band 603 to move, so that the brake band 603 is respectively attached to the first gear ring 313 and the second gear ring 306 and is connected into a whole;
the electromagnetic brake 601 is arranged on a rectangular frame 604, and the lower end of the rectangular frame 604 is connected with a movable bottom plate 701 in the evacuation system 7 through a bolt; the evacuation system 7 further comprises a slide rail 704 arranged at a corresponding position on the base 214, a screw 702 parallel to the slide rail 704 is arranged near the slide rail 704, and the slide rail 704 and the two longitudinal beams of the frame 208 are arranged perpendicular to each other; a sliding block 708 matched with the sliding rail 704 is arranged on the sliding rail 704, and the bottom surface of the movable bottom plate 701 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the sliding block 708; the side surface of the sliding block 708 is also fixedly connected with a guide block 706 installed on the lead screw 702, one end of the lead screw 702 is sequentially connected with a plum blossom coupling 705 and a stepping motor 703, the other end of the lead screw is installed on a sliding rail 704 through a bearing, and the base of the stepping motor 703 is installed on the sliding rail 704.
The vertical loading system 8 comprises a vertically arranged worm 802, the upper end of the worm 802 is sequentially connected with a first upper base plate 804 and the mounting plate 209 through bolts, the lower end of the worm 802 is sequentially connected with a first lower base plate 801 and the base 214 through bolts, a worm wheel 805 meshed with the worm 802 is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the first upper base plate 804, and the worm wheel 805 is connected with a driving motor arranged on the lower bottom surface of the first upper base plate 804.
The vertical displacement measurement system 9 comprises a vertically arranged linear displacement sensor 902, the lower end of the displacement sensor 902 is sequentially connected with a second lower backing plate 901 and a base 214 through bolts, and the upper end of the displacement sensor 902 is sequentially connected with a push rod 903, a second upper backing plate 904 and a mounting plate 209 in a detachable manner.
The better implementation mode is as follows: the number of teeth of the first small gear 304 is 20, the number of teeth of the first big gear 305 is 60, the number of teeth of the second small gear 307 is 100, and the number of teeth of the force transmission gear 207 is 150; the number of teeth of the first sun gear 311 and the second sun gear 316 is 14, the number of teeth of the first planet gear 310 is 42, and the number of teeth of the first gear ring 313 and the second gear ring 306 is 98; the modulus of the first small gear 304, the first big gear 305, the second small gear 307 and the force transmission gear 207 is 2.5, the pressure angle is 20 degrees, and the thickness is 30mm.
The better implementation mode is as follows: the inner diameter of the plum coupling 302 is 18mm, the outer diameter of the plum coupling is 40mm, and the maximum torque is 60 NXm; the loading motor 301 is a 220V three-phase alternating current motor with rated power of 7KW, and the measuring range of the torque sensor 403 is 0-100 Nxm.
The test method of the test bed comprises the steps of installation, correction and measurement; in the measuring step, when the angle signal collected by the angle sensor 403 is maintained unchanged or reduced, it indicates that the torque provided by the loading motor 301 is insufficient, so that the leaf spring main spring 103 will rebound, and at this time, the braking force on the electromagnetic brake 601 is reduced, so that the first planetary gear set idling protects the loading motor 301.
The test bench can respectively carry out the following tests:
longitudinal angular stiffness test of a leaf spring suspension system: firstly, a tested piece system 1, a clamping system 2, a torque loading and measuring system 3, a rotation angle measuring system 4, a rear axle locking system 5, an alternating current motor protection system 6, an evacuation system 7, a vertical loading system 8 and a vertical displacement measuring system 9 are connected according to the connection relation stated in claim 1, and the vertical loading system 8 plays a role of fixing an H-shaped frame 208; the ac motor protection system 6 is turned on, so that the first ring gear 313 in the first planetary gear set and the second ring gear 306 in the second planetary gear set are locked by the brake band 603. Then, the loading motor 301 is started to sequentially drive the quincuncial coupler 302 and the torque sensor 303 to rotate, an output shaft of the torque sensor 303 sequentially drives the first transmission pinion 304, the first transmission gearwheel 305, the first sun gear 311, the first planet carrier 312, the second sun gear 316, the second planet carrier 317, the second transmission pinion 307, the transmission gear 207 and the connecting piece 205 to rotate through the quincuncial coupler 302, and the connecting piece 205 drives the steel plate spring main spring 103 and the steel plate spring auxiliary spring 106 to twist.
When the leaf spring main spring 103 and the leaf spring auxiliary spring 106 are twisted to a set angle, the electromagnetic brake 502 acts to lock the cylindrical connecting piece 205, simultaneously the loading motor 301 is turned off, the braking force of the brake caliper 602 is reduced, two groups of planetary gear sets in the torque loading and measuring system 3 idle, and the torsion applied to the second transmission pinion 307 by the leaf spring main spring 103 and the leaf spring auxiliary spring 106 is released. Then, the stepping motor 703 is started to drive the movable bottom plate 701 to drive the torque loading and measuring system 3 to move, so that the second transmission pinion 307 is disengaged from the force transmission gear 207; then, the electromagnetic brake 502 is released to release the locking state of the link 205, and at this time, the axle 102 and the link 205 are twisted back and forth by the resilience of the leaf spring main spring 103 and the leaf spring auxiliary spring 106.
In the test process, by measuring the values of the torque sensor 303 and the angle sensor 403, the longitudinal angular stiffness of the leaf spring suspension system composed of the leaf spring main spring 103 and the swinging lug and the rolling lug arranged at the two ends thereof, the leaf spring auxiliary spring 106 and the swinging lug and the rolling lug arranged at the two ends thereof, and the torsion frequency of the whole tested piece system 02 after torsion release can be calculated.
Radial stiffness test of a leaf spring suspension system: withdrawing the torque loading and measuring system 3 and withdrawing the system 7; starting a driving motor connected with a worm wheel 805 in the vertical loading system 8, wherein the worm wheel 805 rotates to drive a worm 802 to reciprocate up and down, and driving motors in 4 vertical loading systems 8 connected with the frame 208 synchronously work by adopting fixed pulse frequency; the plate spring suspension system generates vertical displacement, the displacement sensor 902 collects vertical displacement parameters of the plate spring suspension system, and the radial stiffness of the plate spring suspension system is calculated by the vertical displacement parameters and the torque-frequency characteristic curve of the driving motor.
Dynamic characteristic test of a leaf spring suspension system: the connection mode and the loading mode of each part of the test bed are consistent with the radial stiffness test of the steel plate spring suspension system, loads with different amplitudes are only applied through the driving motor in the vertical loading system 8 during the test, and the dynamic stiffness change of the suspension system under different amplitudes is calculated through the data of the displacement sensor 902 and the torque frequency characteristic curve of the driving motor.
Axle housing torsional rigidity test: as shown in fig. 8, the outer sides of the hubs of the wheels 101 on both sides of the axle 102 are respectively connected with the connecting pieces 205, the rotation angle measuring system 4 and the clamping system 2 in sequence, one of the two connecting pieces 205 is connected with the torque loading and measuring system 3, and the other connecting piece 205 is disconnected with the torque loading and measuring system 3; according to the positions a1-a12 in fig. 9, 12 pressure strain gauges are sequentially adhered to the axle housing of the axle 102, the loading motor 301 is started, and the axle housing of the axle 102 is twisted under the action of the torque loading and measuring system 3. And recording the data of the torque sensor 303, the angle sensor 403 and the pressure strain gauge, and calculating the strength and the rigidity of the axle housing of the axle 102.
Claims (3)
1. A comprehensive test bed for a leaf spring suspension system comprises a base (214), wherein a plurality of dovetail grooves which are parallel to each other and used for mounting bolts are formed in the upper surface of the base (214), a tested part system (1) is arranged at the center above the base (214), the tested part system (1) comprises an H-shaped frame (208) which is horizontally arranged, front lifting lugs (211) and rear lifting lugs (210) are respectively arranged on the side edges of the outer sides of two longitudinal beams of the H-shaped frame (208), the lug seat of each front lifting lug (211) is connected with a first adjusting piece (213), the lug seat of each rear lifting lug (210) is connected with a second adjusting piece (212), and the first adjusting piece (213) and the second adjusting piece (212) are detachably connected with the frame (208); the front lifting lug (211) and the rear lifting lug (210) are detachably connected with a swing lug (104) and a rolling lug which are arranged at two ends of the steel plate spring main spring (103) respectively; the steel plate spring main spring (103) and the steel plate spring auxiliary spring (106) arranged above the steel plate spring main spring are sleeved in an inverted U-shaped riding bolt (105), a threaded rod part at the lower end of the riding Ma Luoshuan (105) and axle housings on two sides of an axle (102) form detachable connection, half shafts arranged in the axle housings on the left side and the right side of the axle (102) are respectively connected with a wheel (101) through a bolt, a brake is arranged on the inner side of a hub of the wheel (101), and the brake is fixedly connected on the axle housing of the axle (102) through a bolt; the method is characterized in that: 4 corner points of the lower end face of the frame (208) are respectively connected with a mounting plate (209), the mounting plate (209) is detachably connected with a vertical loading system (8) and a vertical displacement measuring system (9) which are arranged below the mounting plate, and the vertical loading system (8), the vertical displacement measuring system (9) and the base (214) are detachably connected;
the outer side face of a hub of the wheel (101) is detachably connected with the clamping system (2), the clamping system (2) comprises a horizontally placed cylindrical connecting piece (205), a connecting flange (206) arranged on one end face of the connecting piece (205) is detachably connected with the outer side face of the hub of the wheel (101), and a connecting flange (206) arranged on the other end face of the cylindrical connecting piece (205) is connected with one end face of the force transmission gear (207);
the connecting flange (206) at one end of the cylindrical connecting piece (205) close to the force transmission gear (207) is also detachably connected with a front end face mounting plate (404) in the angle measuring system (4), the front end face mounting plate (404) is connected with one end of a transmission rod (402), the other end of the transmission rod (402) is connected with a rotating part arranged in a shell of an angle sensor (403), the shell of the angle sensor (403) is connected with one end face of a rear end face mounting plate (401), the other end face of the rear end face mounting plate (401) is connected with a vertical side face of a vertically placed I-shaped fixing plate (204), the upper end face of the fixing plate (204) is detachably connected with the bottom face of a horizontal beam of the portal frame (201), the lower end face of the fixing plate (204) is detachably connected with a base (214), two side faces opposite to the lower parts of two support legs of the portal frame (201) are respectively connected with the vertical side face of a right-angle plate (203) through bolts, the horizontal plane of the right-angle plate (203) is fixed on the auxiliary support plate (202) through bolts, and the auxiliary support plate (202) is detachably connected with the base (214);
a cylindrical clamp (505) in the rear axle locking system (5) is arranged near the outer side surface of the connecting piece (205), the rear axle locking system (5) further comprises a clamp (501) arranged on the cylindrical clamp (505), and a gap of 1mm-2mm is formed between the clamp (501) and the outer side surface of the connecting piece (205); the clamp (501) is sequentially connected with a dowel bar (504) and an electromagnetic brake (502), the cylindrical clamp (505) and the electromagnetic brake (502) are installed on a support (503), and the bottom of the support (503) is detachably connected with a chassis (214);
the force transmission gear (207) is meshed with a second transmission pinion (307) in the torque loading and measuring system (3), the torque loading and measuring system (3) comprises a loading motor (301), and the base of the loading motor (301) is installed on a movable bottom plate (701); the output end of the loading motor (301) is sequentially connected with the input ends of a plum blossom coupling (302) and a torque sensor (303), the output end of the torque sensor (303) is sequentially connected with rotating shafts of the plum blossom coupling (302) and a first transmission pinion (304), the first transmission pinion (304) is meshed with a first transmission big gear (305), the first transmission big gear (305) is sequentially connected with a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set and a second transmission pinion (307), the first planetary gear set comprises a first sun gear (311) which is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft of the first transmission big gear (305) and rotates together, a first planet carrier (312) is arranged on the outer side of the first sun gear (311), the first planet gear (310) is sleeved on the first planet carrier (312), and the first planet gear (310) is respectively meshed with the first sun gear (311) and a first gear ring (313); the rotating shaft of the first planet carrier (312) and the rotating shaft of a second sun gear (316) in the second planetary gear set rotate together; a second planet carrier (317) is arranged on the outer side of the second sun gear (316), a second planet gear (318) is sleeved on the second planet carrier (317), and the second planet gear (318) is meshed with the second sun gear (316) and the second gear ring (306) respectively; the rotating shafts of the second planet carrier (317) and the second transmission pinion (307) rotate together;
a rotating shaft of the first transmission large gear (305) and a rotating shaft of the second transmission small gear (307) are respectively installed in through holes arranged on two end faces of the reduction mechanism box body (308), the reduction mechanism box body (308) is welded with a base angle (309), and the base angle (309) is fixedly connected to the movable bottom plate (701) through bolts; a rectangular small hole (314) is formed in the side surface of the speed reducing mechanism box body (308);
the outer side surface of a first gear ring (313) of the first planetary gear set and the outer side surface of a second gear ring (306) of the second planetary gear set are respectively contacted with the inner side surface of a circular ring-shaped brake belt (603) in the protection system (6); the protection system (6) further comprises a direct-acting electromagnetic brake (601), two ends of the brake belt (603) form a circular ring shape with a notch in an inner cavity of the speed reducing mechanism box body (308), two ends of the brake belt (603) extend out of rectangular small holes (314) formed in the side face of the speed reducing mechanism box body (308) and are connected with brake shoes (602) mounted on the electromagnetic brake (601), and the brake shoes (602) can push the brake belt (603) to move, so that the brake belt (603) is respectively attached to the first gear ring (313) and the second gear ring (306) and is connected into a whole;
the electromagnetic brake (601) is installed on a rectangular frame (604), and the lower end of the rectangular frame (604) is connected with a movable bottom plate (701) in the evacuation system (7) through a bolt; the evacuation system (7) further comprises a sliding rail (704) arranged at a corresponding position on the base (214), a lead screw (702) parallel to the sliding rail (704) is arranged near the sliding rail (704), and the sliding rail (704) and two longitudinal beams of the frame (208) are arranged perpendicular to each other; a sliding block (708) matched with the sliding rail (704) is installed on the sliding rail (704), the bottom surface of a movable bottom plate (701) is fixedly connected with the sliding block (708) and the upper surface of a guide block (706), the guide block (706) is in threaded fit with a lead screw (702), one end of the lead screw (702) is sequentially connected with a quincuncial coupling (705) and a stepping motor (703), the other end of the lead screw is installed on the sliding rail (704) through a bearing, and a base of the stepping motor (703) is installed on the sliding rail (704);
the comprehensive test bed for the steel plate spring suspension system performs a test method, wherein the test method comprises the steps of installation, correction and measurement; in the measuring step of the test method, when an angle signal acquired by an angle sensor (403) is maintained unchanged or reduced, the torque provided by a loading motor (301) is insufficient, so that a leaf spring main spring (103) is about to rebound, and the braking force on an electromagnetic brake (601) is reduced, so that the first planetary gear set idle rotation protects the loading motor (301);
the vertical loading system (8) comprises a vertically arranged worm (802), the upper end of the worm (802) is sequentially connected with a first upper base plate (804) and a mounting plate (209) through bolts, the lower end of the worm (802) is sequentially connected with a first lower base plate (801) and a base (214) through bolts, a worm wheel (805) meshed with the worm (802) is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the first upper base plate (804), and the worm wheel (805) is connected with a driving motor arranged on the lower bottom surface of the first upper base plate (804);
the vertical displacement measurement system (9) comprises a vertically arranged linear displacement sensor (902), the lower end of the displacement sensor (902) is sequentially connected with a second lower backing plate (901) and a base (214) through bolts, and the upper end of the displacement sensor (902) is sequentially connected with a push rod (903), a second upper backing plate (904) and a mounting plate (209) in a detachable mode.
2. The integrated test stand for a leaf spring suspension system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of teeth of the first transmission small gear (304) is 20, the number of teeth of the first transmission big gear (305) is 60, the number of teeth of the second small gear (307) is 100, and the number of teeth of the force transmission gear (207) is 150; the number of teeth of the first sun gear (311) and the second sun gear (316) is 14, the number of teeth of the first planet gear (310) and the second planet gear (318) is 42, and the number of teeth of the first gear ring (313) and the second gear ring (306) is 98; the modulus of the first transmission small gear (304), the first transmission big gear (305), the second small gear (307) and the force transmission gear (207) is 2.5, the pressure angle is 20 degrees, and the thickness is 30mm.
3. The integrated test stand for a leaf spring suspension system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner diameter of the plum coupling (302) is 18mm, the outer diameter of the plum coupling is 40mm, and the maximum torque is 60 N.m; the loading motor (301) is a 220V three-phase alternating current motor with rated power of 7KW, and the measuring range of the torque sensor (403) is 0-100 N.m.
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| CN107084699B (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2024-02-06 | 玉环普天单向器有限公司 | Isolator idle angle test stand |
| CN107314896A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-11-03 | 石家庄铁道大学 | For vehicle suspension leaf spring three-dimensional Dynamic performance examination equipment and its application |
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| CN108871796B (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2020-05-12 | 湖南湖大艾盛汽车技术开发有限公司 | Axle housing assembly fatigue endurance testing method and device for simulating road |
| CN108775976B (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2023-11-14 | 江苏擎弓科技股份有限公司 | Bending stress detection device for composite material automobile leaf spring product inspection |
| CN109765062B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-10-09 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Test bed for testing dynamic performance of vehicle suspension plate spring |
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| CN111687763B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-08-27 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Positioning device for front suspension |
| CN111947947B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-10-29 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Automobile suspension front plate spring test bench |
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