CN109752202B - Train disc type caliper brake test bed with rigidity adjustable structure - Google Patents
Train disc type caliper brake test bed with rigidity adjustable structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109752202B CN109752202B CN201910198022.6A CN201910198022A CN109752202B CN 109752202 B CN109752202 B CN 109752202B CN 201910198022 A CN201910198022 A CN 201910198022A CN 109752202 B CN109752202 B CN 109752202B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of friction braking, and particularly relates to a train disc type caliper braking test bed with a rigidity-adjustable structure. Aiming at the scientific problems that the contact rigidity between the brake discs/sheets has larger influence on the friction vibration noise behavior, the technical scheme of the application is as follows: the test bed base is also provided with a train disc type caliper brake module, and the train disc type caliper brake module comprises a friction block pressing plate for applying braking force to the brake disc; the upper portion of friction block clamp plate is connected with suspension bolt, suspension bolt top is provided with the accurate adjusting device of rigidity, the accurate adjusting device below of rigidity is provided with the calliper mounting panel that is used for connecting the test bench base, be provided with waist shape hole on the calliper mounting panel, but suspension bolt passes waist shape hole constitution and calliper mounting panel between sliding connection, be provided with the spring between suspension bolt lower extreme and the calliper mounting panel. The application is suitable for the research of the braking performance of the brake.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of friction braking, and particularly relates to a train disc type caliper braking test bed with a rigidity-adjustable structure.
Background
The brake performance test bench is used as key test equipment in the field of friction braking of a carrier, and is mainly used for researching vibration noise of a brake disc/disc contact interface, abrasion rule, friction heat distribution and the like in the braking process of the carrier, and providing accurate test data support for the braking performance optimization of various brakes. Friction braking is applicable in both service braking and emergency braking, and is the final guarantee for safe stopping. With the rapid development of national economy, the vehicles are developed to the depth of high speed, especially in the field of electrified trains, and the highest operation speed is continuously broken through. On the other hand, the requirements of the national and social aspects on the fields of operation safety and environmental protection are higher and higher, and how to effectively control the noise and the abrasive dust emission generated in the friction braking process in the operation process of the high-speed train becomes a great difficulty for researchers and industrial enterprises in the industry. Therefore, before the actual engineering application of various vehicle brakes, it is necessary to study the relationship between the shape or arrangement of the friction blocks of the brake pad and the factors such as self-excited vibration of the friction interface, stress distribution of the friction interface, friction heat and its distribution, friction force, brake disc/friction blocks, etc. in a test mode.
The existing brake performance test bed generally has the functions of load simulation, driving motor speed regulation, brake simulation, vibration and noise and brake force signal acquisition and analysis, brake disc/friction block heat distribution acquisition and the like. The basic principle of the brake performance test bed is that an inertia wheel is adopted to simulate the brake quality of a carrying tool, an inertia shaft system is driven to rotate by a motor, braking force is applied to a test piece in a pneumatic or hydraulic mode after the preset rotating speed of a brake disc is reached, so that the simulation of the conversion process of kinetic energy and brake energy of the carrying tool is realized, and finally, various performance parameters related to braking are collected and analyzed.
In the friction braking performance test, resonance between the brake disc and the braking device applying the braking force is caused due to intense friction between the brake disc and the friction pad applying the braking force. In addition, the contact stiffness between the brake discs/sheets has a great influence on the friction vibration noise behavior, and a stiffness-adjustable device is necessary to be introduced into a train disc-type caliper brake test bed so as to prevent resonance of a brake module and realize accurate control of the stiffness, thereby researching the interface friction vibration noise behavior under different contact stiffnesses.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the scientific problems that in the friction braking performance test, the brake disc and a braking device applying braking force can generate resonance due to the intense friction between the brake disc and a friction block applying braking force, the contact rigidity between the brake disc and the brake disc has great influence on friction vibration noise behaviors, and the like, the application provides a train disc type caliper braking test bed with a rigidity-adjustable structure, which aims at: resonance of the brake module is prevented, accurate control of rigidity is achieved, and therefore interface friction vibration noise behaviors under different contact rigidities are studied.
The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
the train disc type caliper brake test bed with the rigidity-adjustable structure comprises a test bed base, wherein a driving device, a rotating shaft and a detecting device are arranged on the test bed base, a brake disc is arranged at the tail end of the rotating shaft, a train disc type caliper brake module is further arranged on the test bed base, the train disc type caliper brake module comprises a friction block pressing plate used for applying braking force to the brake disc, and at least one caliper mounting plate connected with the test bed base is further arranged on the train disc type caliper brake module; the upper portion of friction block clamp plate is connected with suspension bolt, suspension bolt top is provided with the accurate adjusting device of rigidity, the accurate adjusting device below of rigidity is provided with the calliper mounting panel that is used for connecting the test bench base, be provided with waist shape hole on the calliper mounting panel, but suspension bolt passes waist shape hole constitution and calliper mounting panel between sliding connection, be provided with the spring between suspension bolt lower extreme and the calliper mounting panel.
After the technical scheme is adopted, in the testing process, the friction block pressing plate extrudes the friction block to provide braking force for the brake disc. During friction braking, large vibrations are generated. The suspension bolt can float up and down, and meanwhile, the vibration is delayed by the compression force of the spring, so that excessive vibration of the train disc type caliper brake module in the tangential direction of the brake disc and resonance caused by the excessive vibration are avoided, and the reality of vibration data is not influenced by the suspension bolt. In addition, a rigidity accurate adjusting device is arranged, and the rigidity of the bilateral spring is accurately adjusted according to the actual experimental research requirement, so that the influence relation of the contact rigidity of the brake disc/sheet on the braking performance of the brake disc/sheet is researched.
Preferably, the train disc type caliper brake module comprises a middle support and an air cylinder I, two ends of the middle support are respectively hinged with one support, one ends of the two supports are respectively hinged with two ends of the air cylinder I, the other ends of the two supports are respectively hinged with a friction block pressing plate, a clamp for providing braking force for the side face of a brake disc is connected to the friction block pressing plates through bolts, a plurality of train disc type caliper brake module friction blocks are arranged on the surface of the clamp, and a caliper mounting plate for connecting a brake module loading seat is also arranged on the middle support.
After the optimal scheme is adopted, the design mode that the clamp is separated from the friction block pressing plate is adopted, and meanwhile, the train disc type caliper brake module friction blocks with different shapes and arrangement forms can be installed on the clamp, so that the test function of the application is more abundant, and the requirements of various comparison tests can be met.
Further preferably, a train friction radius adjusting device is arranged between the train disc type caliper brake module and the brake module loading seat, the train friction radius adjusting device comprises a friction radius adjusting device supporting plate, a guide rail is arranged on the friction radius adjusting device supporting plate, a sliding groove is formed in the guide rail, the train disc type caliper brake module mounting seat is connected to the sliding groove, the train disc type caliper brake module mounting seat is connected with the caliper mounting plate, and a spiral rod for pushing the train disc type caliper brake module mounting seat to reciprocate is further arranged on the friction radius adjusting device supporting plate.
In the preferred scheme, the linear driving mechanism formed by the guide rail, the sliding groove and the screw rod can drive the mounting seat of the brake module of the train disc type caliper to linearly move, so that the whole linear movement of the brake module of the train disc type caliper is driven, and the movement direction is parallel to the plane of the brake disc, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the brake module of the train disc type caliper for applying the braking force to the brake disc, namely adjusting the friction radius.
Preferably, a wear debris collecting device is arranged below the brake disc. With this preferred solution, the swarf generated by the brake disc can be collected and analyzed.
Preferably, the driving device comprises a flywheel set, and the flywheel set is a combined flywheel set. According to the preferred scheme, the combined flywheel set is adopted, the number of the flywheels can be increased or reduced according to the inertia of an actual simulation object, and compared with a traditional braking performance test bed with fixed rotational inertia, the inertia test bed has a larger application range and a wider simulation object range.
Preferably, the detection means comprises one or more of a rotational speed sensor, a torque sensor, a three-way force sensor, a microphone, a thermal imager or a vibratory acceleration sensor. The detection device can be selected according to the actual test requirement, realizes the high integration of the sensor, the dynamic signal analysis system, the microphone, the thermal imager and the computer, is beneficial to reducing the human resource consumption in the test process, and efficiently completes various friction braking tests.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
1. during the test, the friction block pressing plate presses the friction block to provide braking force for the brake disc. During friction braking, large vibrations are generated. The suspension bolts can float up and down, the compression force of the springs is utilized to slow down the vibration, the suspension bolts can float up and down, and the compression force of the springs is utilized to slow down the vibration, so that excessive vibration of the disc type caliper brake module of the train in the tangential direction of the brake disc and resonance caused by the excessive vibration are avoided, and the accurate rigidity adjusting device is increased, so that the reality of vibration data is not affected.
2. The influence relationship of the contact stiffness of the brake disc/sheet on the braking performance of the brake disc/sheet is studied by arranging the stiffness accurate adjusting device and accurately adjusting the stiffness of the bilateral spring according to the actual test research requirement.
2. The design mode that the clamp is separated from the friction block pressing plate is adopted, and meanwhile, the train disc type caliper brake module friction blocks with different shapes and arrangement forms can be installed on the clamp, so that the test function of the application is more abundant, and the requirements of various comparison tests can be met.
3. The linear driving mechanism formed by the guide rail, the sliding groove and the screw rod can drive the mounting seat of the brake module of the train disc type caliper to linearly move, so that the whole linear movement of the brake module of the train disc type caliper is driven, the movement direction is parallel to the plane of the brake disc, and therefore the effect of adjusting the position of the brake module of the train disc type caliper for applying braking force to the brake disc is achieved, namely, the friction radius is adjusted.
4. The abrasive dust generated by the brake disc can be collected and analyzed.
5. By adopting the combined flywheel set, the number of the flywheels can be increased or reduced according to the inertia of an actual simulation object, and compared with a traditional braking performance test bed with fixed rotational inertia, the application has the advantages of wider application range of inertia and wider simulation object range.
6. The detection device can be selected according to the actual test requirement, so that the high integration of the sensor, the dynamic signal analysis system, the microphone, the thermal imager and the computer is realized, the human resource consumption in the test process is reduced, and various friction braking tests are efficiently completed.
Drawings
The application will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general assembly structure of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a train disc caliper brake module according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the mechanism of the friction radius adjustment device of the brake module of the disc caliper of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the brake module of the disc caliper of the present application after connection with the friction radius adjustment device.
Wherein: 1-motor, 2-clutch motor coupling sleeve, 3-clutch, 4-bearing housing I, 5-flywheel set, 6-bearing housing II, 7-coupler I, 8-torque sensor, 9-coupler II, 10-friction radius adjustment device, 11-air compressor, 12-brake module, 13-wear debris collection device, 14-thermal imager, 15-test stand base, 16-brake disc, 17-microphone, 18-brake module loading stand, 19-torque sensor mount, 20-bearing housing II mount, 21-bearing housing I mount, 22-motor mount, 23-power supply and signal line, 24-control stand, 25-friction radius adjustment device support plate, 26-screw, 27-train disc brake module mount, 28-runner, 29-guide rail, 30-caliper mounting plate, 31-stiffness precision adjustment device, 32-suspension bolt, 33-joint support stand, 34-intermediate stand, 35-stand, 36-cylinder, 37-cylinder support, 38-II, 39-clamp, 40-clamp, 41-clamp, 42-spring clamp, and spring plate.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
The present application will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
A brake test stand with a rigidity-adjustable structure for a disc caliper of a train is provided, and the test stand for testing the modularized comprehensive brake performance is installed in a laboratory. Firstly, a foundation with proper size and depth is prefabricated in a laboratory, a test bed base 15 is completely fixed with the foundation, a brake module loading seat 18, a torque sensor mounting table 19, a bearing seat II mounting table 20, a bearing seat I mounting table 21 and a motor mounting table 22 are fixedly connected with the test bed base 15 through bolts, an output shaft of a motor 1 is connected with a clutch 3 through a clutch motor coupling sleeve 2, power transmission is realized through a bearing seat I4 and a flywheel set 5, the flywheel set 5 is supported between the bearing seat I4 and the bearing seat II 6, a rotating shaft output end of the flywheel set 5 is connected to a rotating shaft of the torque sensor 8 through a coupler I7, the torque sensor 8 is mounted on the torque sensor mounting table 19, a rotating shaft output end of the torque sensor is connected with a rotating shaft of a brake disc 16, and the rotating shaft is mounted on the brake module loading seat 18 through a bearing, so that power transmission of the modularized friction brake experimental device is realized. The motor 1, the clutch motor coupling sleeve 2, the clutch 3, the bearing seat I4, the flywheel set 5, the bearing seat II 6, the coupler I7, the torque sensor 8, the coupler II 9, the brake module loading seat 18 and the brake disc 16 are arranged along an axial direction and are mounted on the test bed base 15 through bolts.
The brake module loading seat 18 is a metal seat with a plurality of mounting holes on a plurality of surfaces, and the friction brake module loading seat 18 can be connected with one of a train disc type caliper brake module, a single friction block caliper brake module, a tread brake module or a full-size automobile brake module through the position setting of the mounting holes.
The embodiment is also provided with a console 24, the console 24 controls the starting, closing and speed regulation of the motor 1 through a power supply and a signal wire, controls the operation of the clutch 3, controls the operation state of the brake module 12 (namely, the operation state of the air compressor 11 in the embodiment), displays the rotation speed of the motor 1 collected through a rotation speed sensor arranged on the output shaft of the motor 1, displays the torque data collected by the torque sensor 8, displays the vibration data of the brake module 12 or other research-meaning components collected by a dynamic signal analysis system arranged in the console 24, displays the braking force provided to the brake module by the air compressor 11 collected by a three-way force sensor arranged on the middle bracket 34, displays the temperature field of the brake disc photographed by the thermal imager 14 arranged on the front surface of the brake disc, and displays the friction noise signal collected by the microphone 17 arranged beside the brake disc. In summary, by providing the console 24, the start/stop of the test stand, the start/stop of the motor 1, the suction/separation of the clutch 3, the loading/unloading of the brake module 12, the control of the power supply and the emergency stop can be controlled more conveniently, so as to collect and display the rotation speed signal of the motor 1, the torque signal of the torque sensor 8, the braking force provided by the air compressor 11, the vibration and friction noise signal of the brake module 12 and the temperature field of the brake disc.
In this embodiment, the brake module loading seat 18 is connected with a train disc type caliper brake module, the train disc type caliper brake module comprises a middle bracket 34 and an air cylinder 36, two ends of the middle bracket 34 are respectively hinged with a bracket 35, one ends of the two brackets 35 are respectively hinged with two ends of the air cylinder 36, the other ends of the two brackets 35 are respectively hinged with a friction block pressing plate 41, a clamp 40 for providing braking force for the side surface of a brake disc is connected to the friction block pressing plate 41 through bolts, a plurality of train disc type caliper brake module friction blocks are arranged on the surface of the clamp 40, and a caliper mounting plate 30 for connecting the brake module loading seat 18 is arranged on the middle bracket 34 through a joint supporting seat 33.
As a preferred mode, a train friction radius adjusting device 10 is arranged between the train disc type caliper brake module and the brake module loading seat 18, the train friction radius adjusting device 10 comprises a friction radius adjusting device supporting plate 25, a guide rail 29 is arranged on the friction radius adjusting device supporting plate 25, a sliding groove 28 is arranged on the guide rail 29, a train disc type caliper brake module mounting seat 27 is connected to the sliding groove 28, the train disc type caliper brake module mounting seat 27 is connected with a caliper mounting plate 30, and a screw rod 26 for pushing the train disc type caliper brake module mounting seat 27 to reciprocate is further arranged on the friction radius adjusting device supporting plate 25.
As a preferable mode, the upper portion of the friction block pressing plate 41 is connected with a suspension bolt 32, the top of the suspension bolt 32 is provided with a rigidity accurate adjusting device 31, a caliper mounting plate 30 used for being connected with the test stand base 15 is arranged below the rigidity accurate adjusting device 31, a waist-shaped hole is formed in the caliper mounting plate 30, the suspension bolt 32 penetrates through the waist-shaped hole to form slidable connection with the caliper mounting plate 30, and a spring 42 is arranged between the lower end of the suspension bolt 32 and the caliper mounting plate 30. The rigidity accurate adjusting apparatus 31 is an existing apparatus, and functions to quantitatively tighten the suspension bolt 32, thereby accurately adjusting the rigidity of the spring 42.
The train disc type caliper brake module assembled by the caliper mounting plate 30, the suspension bolts 32, the joint support seat 33, the middle support 34, the support 35, the air cylinder 36, the air cylinder support 37, the bolt I38, the bolt II 39, the friction block pressing plate 41 and the spring 42 is mounted on the brake module loading seat 18, the clamp 40 provided with the train disc type caliper brake module friction blocks 57 in a certain arrangement mode is fixedly connected with the friction block pressing plate 41 through the bolts, the brake disc 16 is mounted on the rotating shaft of the brake module loading seat 18, the air compressor 11 is connected with the air cylinder 36 through an air pressure pipeline, the connection mode of the control system and the test equipment is consistent with that described above, and a tester operates in front of the control console 24 and completes related test work.
The above examples merely illustrate specific embodiments of the application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it is possible for a person skilled in the art to make several variants and modifications without departing from the technical idea of the application, which fall within the scope of protection of the application.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a train disc calliper braking test bench with rigidity adjustable structure, includes test bench base (15), be provided with drive arrangement, pivot and detection device on test bench base (15), its characterized in that: the tail end of the rotating shaft is provided with a brake disc, the test bed base (15) is also provided with a train disc type caliper brake module, the train disc type caliper brake module comprises a friction block pressing plate (41) for applying braking force to the brake disc, and the train disc type caliper brake module is also provided with at least one caliper mounting plate (30) connected with the test bed base (15); the upper part of the friction block pressing plate (41) is connected with a suspension bolt (32), the top of the suspension bolt (32) is provided with a rigidity accurate adjusting device (31), a caliper mounting plate (30) used for being connected with a test bed base (15) is arranged below the rigidity accurate adjusting device (31), a kidney-shaped hole is formed in the caliper mounting plate (30), the suspension bolt (32) penetrates through the kidney-shaped hole to form sliding connection with the caliper mounting plate (30), and a spring (42) is arranged between the lower end of the suspension bolt (32) and the caliper mounting plate (30);
the train disc type caliper brake module comprises a middle support (35) and an air cylinder I (35), wherein two ends of the middle support (35) are respectively hinged with one support (35), one ends of the two supports (35) are respectively hinged with two ends of the air cylinder I (35), the other ends of the two supports (35) are respectively hinged with a friction block pressing plate (41), the friction block pressing plates (41) are connected with a clamp (40) for providing braking force for the side face of a brake disc through bolts, the surface of the clamp (40) is provided with a plurality of train disc type caliper brake module friction blocks (57), and the middle support (35) is also provided with a caliper mounting plate (30) for connecting a brake module loading seat (18);
a train friction radius adjusting device (10) is arranged between the train disc type caliper brake module and the brake module loading seat (18), the train friction radius adjusting device (10) comprises a friction radius adjusting device supporting plate (25), a guide rail (29) is arranged on the friction radius adjusting device supporting plate (25), a sliding groove (28) is arranged on the guide rail (29), a train disc type caliper brake module mounting seat (27) is connected to the sliding groove (28), the train disc type caliper brake module mounting seat (27) is connected with a caliper mounting plate (30), and a screw rod (26) for pushing the train disc type caliper brake module mounting seat (27) to reciprocate is further arranged on the friction radius adjusting device supporting plate (25);
also comprises a console (24), wherein the console (24) is electrically connected with the motor (1), the clutch (3) and the brake module (12).
2. A train disc caliper brake test stand having a stiffness adjustable structure as defined in claim 1, wherein: and a grinding dust collecting device (13) is arranged below the brake disc.
3. A train disc caliper brake test stand having a stiffness adjustable structure as defined in claim 1, wherein: the driving device comprises a flywheel set (5), and the flywheel set (5) is a combined flywheel set.
4. A train disc caliper brake test stand having a stiffness adjustable structure as defined in claim 1, wherein: the detection device comprises one or more of a rotation speed sensor, a torque sensor (8), a three-way force sensor, a microphone (17), a thermal imager (14) or a vibration acceleration sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910198022.6A CN109752202B (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | Train disc type caliper brake test bed with rigidity adjustable structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910198022.6A CN109752202B (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | Train disc type caliper brake test bed with rigidity adjustable structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109752202A CN109752202A (en) | 2019-05-14 |
| CN109752202B true CN109752202B (en) | 2023-12-12 |
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| CN111750002A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-09 | 闫志伟 | Motor with high-efficient braking structure |
| CN115635511A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-01-24 | 成都瑞迪智驱科技股份有限公司 | Magnetic type modularized robot driving mechanism comprehensive detection system |
| CN116519243B (en) * | 2023-03-27 | 2024-03-19 | 盐城工学院 | Friction vibration test bed of generator braking system |
| CN117740343A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-03-22 | 北京精雕科技集团有限公司 | Device and method for measuring tangential stiffness of joint of sliding part |
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