CN106884041A - 适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法 - Google Patents

适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法 Download PDF

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CN106884041A
CN106884041A CN201510947374.9A CN201510947374A CN106884041A CN 106884041 A CN106884041 A CN 106884041A CN 201510947374 A CN201510947374 A CN 201510947374A CN 106884041 A CN106884041 A CN 106884041A
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乔洁
韩兵
薛丽琼
范梦夏
赵双霞
陆颖理
宋怀东
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Ninth Peoples Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:步骤(1):在患者及携带者的待检测基因上选取多个SNP位点;步骤(2):明确所述的SNP位点的基因型;步骤(3):使用软件对多个所述的SNP位点进行单倍型分析;步骤(4):找出基因突变的单倍型,得出单倍型分析的结果;步骤(5):在正常人群中对所述的结果进行验证。本发明十分适用于中国人群,可以弥补该领域的不足与缺失,十分具有实用价值。

Description

适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法。
背景技术
除生殖细胞外,染色体在人类细胞中成对出现。其中一条染色体来自父方,另一条来自母方。但染色体在一代代的传递过程中并不是一成不变的。在精子和卵细胞形成的过程中,染色体对发生重组,即一对染色体中聚集到一起并交换片段。由此产生的杂合染色体含有这对染色体的两个成员的片段,并传递给下一代。多代之后,经过反复的重组事件,祖先染色体的片段的原有排布在非近亲结婚的人群中已被打乱。某些祖先染色体片段会在许多后代个体的DNA序列中出现。没有被重组打破的区段相互间被那些发生了重组的区域隔开。这些区段就是单倍型,遗传学家利用它可以寻找与疾病或者其它医学上的重要特征相关的基因。
17α-羟化酶/17,20碳链裂解酶缺陷症(17OHD)是先天性肾上腺皮质增生症的一种少见类型,仅占CAH的1%。由于17OHD使人体盐皮质激素、糖皮质激素和性激素分泌紊乱,临床主要表现为低肾素性高血压、低血钾性肌无力,女性性幼稚、原发性闭经及男性假两性畸形。17OHD是一种常染色体隐性遗传疾病,目前已经发现80多个CYP17A1基因突变可以导致17OHD。目前用于检测突变方法为直接测序,使用单倍体分型检测这一突变目前尚无报道。而目前广泛开展的GWAS(全基因组关联分析)技术使得检测大量的SNP分型成为可能。在此基础上可以找到与疾病相关的单倍体。
所以,一种适用于中国人群能够筛查17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法是十分具有实用价值的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了提供一种尤其适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤(1):在患者及携带者的待检测基因上选取多个SNP位点;
步骤(2):明确所述的SNP位点的基因型;
步骤(3):使用软件对多个所述的SNP位点进行单倍型分析;
步骤(4):找出基因突变的单倍型,得出单倍型分析的结果;
步骤(5):在正常人群中对所述的结果进行验证。
较佳地,所述的多个SNP位点为16个SNP位点。
较佳地,所述的16个SNP位点为:
rs743572:SNP1;rs6162:SNP2;rs6163:SNP3;rs10786712:SNP4;rs3824755:SNP5;rs3781286:SNP6;rs3781287:SNP7;rs4919687:SNP8;rs743575:SNP9;rs1004467:SNP10;rs3740397:SNP11;rs4919686:SNP12;rs284848:SNP13;rs17115100:SNP14;rs284849:SNP15;rs10883783:SNP16。
较佳地,所述的待检测基因为CYP17A1基因。
较佳地,所述的软件为PHASE2.1。
较佳地,所述的基因突变为Y329fs突变。
较佳地,所述的基因突变的单倍型的碱基序列为:TCGGCGACATCTCCCT。
本发明适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测,弥补了该领域的不足与缺失,且本发明的研究表明,中国人群中CYP17A1-Y329fs突变是17OHD的一种常见突变。而在本发明的研究中,收集了15例17OHD患者,其中携带有Y329fs突变的患者为10例,占患者总数的66.7%,再次确认了Y329fs突变是中国人群17OHD的一种常见突变。而本发明的原理为在CYP17A1基因上找到16个SNP,通过单倍型分析发现,所有包含Y329fs突变的染色体都携带单倍体(TCGGCGACATCTCCCT。在GWAS研究的2760例正常对照中,只有一条染色体携带有上述突变型的单倍体,说明Y329fs这一突变在中国人群来源于同一个祖先。因此这一个特异的单倍型可以用来诊断Y329fs突变。最终证明TCGGCGACATCTCCCT单倍型为包含Y329FS基因突变的致病单倍型,这一突变与这个单倍型呈完全连锁关系。本发明十分适用于中国人群,可以弥补该领域的不足与缺失,十分具有实用价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中选取的16个SNP位点相互之间的连锁关系。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的技术内容,下面对本发明的具体实施方法作进一步说明。
实施例
本发明的具体实施办法包括以下步骤:
步骤(1):在CYP17A1基因上选取16个SNP位点(平均分布于CYP17A1基因上)。选出的SNP位点如表1所示。
表1.选取的SNP位点
步骤(2):设计6对特异性的引物能够扩增出全部16个SNP,引物如表2所示,引物1F/1R扩增SNP1、2、3,引物2F/2R扩增SNP4,引物3F/3R扩增SNP5、6、7、8,引物4F/4R扩增SNP9、10,引物5F/5R扩增SNP11、12、13,引物6F/6R扩增SNP14、15、16。
表2. PCR扩增片段及引物
步骤(3):在患者及携带者(Y329fs)中对这16个SNP位点进行基因测序明确各个位点的基因型。
步骤(4):使用PHASE 2.1软件进行单倍型分析。
步骤(5):得到患者及携带者包含16个SNP位点的单倍型haplotype 1-5。如表3所示.
表3
步骤(6)最终发现TCGGCGACATCTCCCT单倍型为包含Y329FS基因突变的致病单倍型,这一突变与这个单倍型呈完全连锁关系。其连锁关系如图1所示。
步骤(7)在2760例正常汉族人群中,仅发现一个等位基因包含这一致病单倍型(携带者)。通过单倍型分析说明Y329fs这一突变在中国人群来源于同一个祖先。因此这一个特异的单倍型可以作为Y329fs突变的分子标志应用于人群中GWAS的研究来筛查此突变的携带者。
本发明适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测,弥补了该领域的不足与缺失,且本发明的研究表明,中国人群中CYP17A1-Y329fs突变是17OHD的一种常见突变。而在本发明的研究中,收集了15例17OHD患者,其中携带有Y329fs突变的患者为10例,占患者总数的66.7%,再次确认了Y329fs突变是中国人群17OHD的一种常见突变。而本发明的原理为在CYP17A1基因上找到16个SNP,通过单倍型分析发现,所有包含Y329fs突变的染色体都携带单倍体(TCGGCGACATCTCCCT。在GWAS研究的2760例正常对照中,只有一条染色体携带有上述突变型的单倍体,说明Y329fs这一突变在中国人群来源于同一个祖先。因此这一个特异的单倍型可以用来诊断Y329fs突变。最终证明TCGGCGACATCTCCCT单倍型为包含Y329FS基因突变的致病单倍型,这一突变与这个单倍型呈完全连锁关系。本发明十分适用于中国人群,可以弥补该领域的不足与缺失,十分具有实用价值。
在此说明书中,本发明已参照其特定的实施例作了描述。但是,很显然仍可以做出各种修改和变换而不背离本发明的精神和范围。因此,说明书应被认为是说明性的而非限制性的。

Claims (7)

1.一种适用于中国人群17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤(1):在患者及携带者的待检测基因上选取多个SNP位点;
步骤(2):明确所述的SNP位点的基因型;
步骤(3):使用软件对多个所述的SNP位点进行单倍型分析;
步骤(4):找出基因突变的单倍型,得出单倍型分析的结果;
步骤(5):在正常人群中对所述的结果进行验证。
2.根据权利要求1所述的适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法,其特征在于,所述的多个SNP位点为16个SNP位点。
3.根据权利要求2所述的适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法,其特征在于,所述的16个SNP位点为:
rs743572:SNP1;rs6162:SNP2;rs6163:SNP3;rs10786712:SNP4;rs3824755:SNP5;rs3781286:SNP6;rs3781287:SNP7;rs4919687:SNP8;rs743575:SNP9;rs1004467:SNP10;rs3740397:SNP11;rs4919686:SNP12;rs284848:SNP13;rs17115100:SNP14;rs284849:SNP15;rs10883783:SNP16。
4.根据权利要求1适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法,其特征在于,所述的待检测基因为CYP17A1基因。
5.根据权利要求1适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法,其特征在于,所述的软件为PHASE2.1。
6.根据权利要求1适用于中国人群的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法,其特征在于,所述的基因突变为Y329fs突变。
7.根据权利要求1所述的17α羟化酶缺乏症常见基因突变的检测方法,其特征在于,所述的基因突变的单倍型的碱基序列为:TCGGCGACATCTCCCT。
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