CN106883776A - 膨胀密封组合物及其制品 - Google Patents
膨胀密封组合物及其制品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106883776A CN106883776A CN201710005018.4A CN201710005018A CN106883776A CN 106883776 A CN106883776 A CN 106883776A CN 201710005018 A CN201710005018 A CN 201710005018A CN 106883776 A CN106883776 A CN 106883776A
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229920006266 Vinyl film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- NPYNKXPXQQJBCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [NH4+].NN.P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[NH4+].[NH4+] Chemical compound [NH4+].NN.P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[NH4+].[NH4+] NPYNKXPXQQJBCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical group [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002987 primer (paints) Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种改善的膨胀密封组合物及其制品，该膨胀密封组合物优选包括膨胀剂10‑60wt％和粘结剂20‑80％，膨胀剂和粘结剂先混合均匀，再涂覆在载体膜上形成一定厚度的涂层，组合物中可以进一步加入阻燃剂。本发明膨胀密封组合物及其制品耐候性好，不容易受到像空气湿度类的环境因素影响。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种膨胀密封组合物，尤其涉及一种改善的膨胀密封组合物及其制品，该制品经受加热或燃烧时，其体积会扩大许多倍，发泡形成泡沫炭,防止进一步燃烧，并密封间隙防止烟和火焰通过。
【背景技术】
膨胀密封被广泛用于热气密封和防火密封，旨在于提供一个位于防火门与防火隔室间隙之间的防火密封，用于渗透填充缺口，以及在火中散热。
众所周知的膨胀材料有很多种，其中有些材料随着时间推移受到诸如湿度类的环境影响，使得其作用功效减弱或失效；有些材料经过加热或燃烧会产生卤素；其他的材料因为其本身在自然界难降解而限制了应用。
最传统的膨胀是在加热过程的环境中产生，融化粘结剂,诸如乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物，聚乙烯，聚丙烯，聚丙烯腈，天然橡胶，丁苯橡胶，丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯橡胶，丙烯橡胶，单体橡胶之类的粘结剂，使其与膨胀剂混合，再冷却水水浴干燥或室温干燥成型。但在现有技术和传统膨胀中存在一些问题一直没有被有效地解决，因此，仍然需要一种改善的膨胀密封组合物。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的是提供一种改善的膨胀密封组合物，其不受诸如空气湿度类环境影响，体积可以扩大许多倍，不含卤素，能够生产出软性终产品，所述的膨胀密封组合物不涉及有加热过程的环境，并且因其水基粘结剂，可以牢固连接在低表面能的载体上。
膨胀密封组合物，其特征在于包括以下重量百分比组分：
膨胀剂 10-60％
粘结剂 20-80％，
其中，所述的膨胀剂和粘结剂先混合均匀，再涂覆在载体膜上形成一定厚度的涂层，于室温或烤箱中烘干。
优选地，膨胀密封组合物进一步包括1-10wt％的阻燃剂。
优选地，本发明中的阻燃剂选自磷酸铵、聚磷酸铵、三联氨磷酸铵(ammoniumtrihydrazinophosphates)、含水氧化铝、无定形红磷、三聚氰胺和三聚氰胺磷酸盐中的一种或几种。
优选地，本发明中膨胀剂的重量百分比为30-50％。
优选地，本发明中的膨胀剂为可膨胀石墨。
优选地，本发明中粘结剂的重量百分比为20-80％。
优选地，本发明中的粘结剂为苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物。
优选地，本发明中的载体膜选自聚丙烯膜、聚乙烯膜、聚烯烃膜和聚乙烯基膜。
优选地，本发明组合包还包括涂料助剂，该涂料助剂选自表面活性剂、消泡剂和色素中的一种或几种。
优选地，本发明的涂层在室温下涂布并于室温下或烤箱中烘干，涂布涂层所用装置采用铲子、刷子、滚筒、逗号棒涂布机、刮刀涂布机、滚轮涂布机和狭缝涂布机中的一种。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种上述组合物制成的制品。
以上是本发明的一个简要概述以便对本发明的一些方面有个基础理解，其目的是用简化的形式表达本发明的一些概念，作为本发明稍后提出的详细描述的前奏。
因此，本发明的优点是：
本发明膨胀密封组合物及其制品耐候性好，不容易受到像空气湿度类的环境因素影响。
【具体实施方式】
本发明膨胀密封组合物的一个较佳实施方式，膨胀密封组合物用于生产膨胀密封件，例如密封防火门与防火隔间间隙的部件，在火中膨胀渗入窟窿并散热。优选地，本发明膨胀密封组合物包括膨胀剂，载体膜和水基粘结剂，粘结剂优选水基粘结剂,该膨胀剂可为硝酸或硫酸插层的可膨胀石墨，载体膜可为聚丙烯膜，聚乙烯膜或聚乙烯基膜。本发明膨胀密封组合物还可包括一种或多种无卤阻燃剂。
本发明中的载体膜优选为薄膜形态或薄片形态，例如聚丙烯薄膜，聚乙烯薄膜，聚烯烃薄膜或聚乙烯基薄膜，此类薄膜具有低表面能且未经电晕处理，也没有涂覆底漆或附着力促进剂。
本发明中的水基粘结剂优选水基乳液粘结剂，能够使膨胀剂附着在要检测的载体膜上。该水基乳液粘结剂包含聚乙烯醇，聚丙烯酸酯乳液，聚异丁烯橡胶，苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物(即：苯丙乳液)，不含偶联剂或附着力促进剂。
本发明使用非阻燃载体膜时，可以在膨胀密封组合物中加入一种或多种无卤阻燃剂。该无卤阻燃剂为磷酸铵，聚磷酸铵，三联氨磷酸铵，含水氧化铝，无定形红磷，三聚氰胺或三聚氰铵磷酸盐中的一种或几种。
一个优选地实施方案，本发明提供一种膨胀密封组合物的重量百分比配比，其包括：膨胀剂10-60％，优选30-50％；粘结剂20-80％，优选40-60％；载体膜，载体膜厚度在0.01-0.2mm之间，优选厚度0.05-0.09mm；可选择添加的阻燃剂1-10％，优选2-8％。
膨胀剂(或称为填料)首先与粘结剂混合为混合物，然后采用铲子，刷子，滚筒，逗号棒涂布机、刮刀涂布机、滚轮涂布机或狭缝涂布机涂覆将混合物涂覆在载体膜上形成涂层，于室温或烤箱中低温烘干，采用机涂时，烘干温度在40-99℃之间，然后进一步通过模具或挤压切割加工成不同尺寸、不同形状以适应不同应用的需要。
在涂覆涂层之前，先将膨胀剂和水基乳液粘结剂用混合机混匀成混合物，表1列出了几个膨胀混合物的实施例：
表1：
| 组分 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 |
| 粘结剂 | 100份 | 100份 | 100份 |
| 膨胀剂 | 50份 | 80份 | 120份 |
膨胀剂选用可膨胀石墨，水基乳液粘结剂选用聚乙烯醇。
将实施例1-3得到的混合物在聚乙烯载体膜上涂覆约2mm厚的涂层，于室温下晾干。观察实施例1-3的涂布过程，结果如下：
实施例1：混合物太液化，很难涂布出需要的厚度；
实施例2：混合物很容易在载体膜上涂覆，并且可以调节所需的厚度；
实施例3：混合物太浓稠，很难涂覆在载体膜上。
将实施例1-3涂覆烘干后制成的样品置于一个炉子中并加热至550℃使其体积膨胀扩大，测量并观察其膨胀率，结果如下：
实施例1：样品体积膨胀至原体积的约8倍；
实施例2：样品体积膨胀至原体积的约25倍；
实施例3：样品体积膨胀至原体积的约30倍。
据观察，上述样品，很容易将涂层从载体膜上撕离。
几个电晕处理的热塑性塑料薄膜材料分别涂覆不同的膨胀密封组合物，可以发现涂层与载体之间有很强的结合力，热塑性塑料薄膜材料与膨胀密封组合比例如表2中所示：
表2：
| 组成 | 示例1 | 示例2 | 示例3 |
| 粘结剂 | 聚乙烯醇100份 | 丙烯酸乳液100份 | 丁烯橡胶100份 |
| 膨胀剂 | 80份 | 80份 | 80份 |
| 载体膜 | 聚丙烯薄膜 | 聚乙烯薄膜 | 聚乙烯基薄膜 |
现在，粘结剂和膨胀剂的比例已知，混合物的膨胀率也可获得，涂层与未电晕处理的载体膜之间的粘结需要通过测试其他类型的水基乳液粘结剂来解决，如同提高膨胀率至所需的比例一样。一些新的粘结剂被加入第二批次的混合物中，如表3所示：
表3：
| 组成 | 示例I | 示例II | 示例III |
| 粘结剂 | 丙烯酸乳液100份 | 丁烯橡胶100份 | 苯丙乳液100份 |
| 膨胀剂 | 80份 | 80份 | 80份 |
| 载体膜 | 聚丙烯薄膜 | 聚丙烯薄膜 | 聚丙烯薄膜 |
将表3中的第二批次混合物在聚丙烯薄膜上涂覆2mm厚，室温烘干成膨胀密封涂层，手动将烘干后的膨胀密封涂层从聚丙烯薄膜上揭去，观察结果如下：
示例I和II：涂层很容易被撕离载体膜；
示例III：涂层无法被撕离载体膜。
将示例III在水中浸泡通宵，发现水对密封件的物理形态和膨胀率均没有影响。
将相同的膨胀密封组合物涂覆在不同的热塑性塑料薄膜材料上形成不同的样品，如表4所示：
表4：
| 组成 | 样品1 | 样品2 | 样品3 |
| 粘结剂(苯丙乳液) | 100份 | 100份 | 100份 |
| 膨胀剂 | 80份 | 80份 | 80份 |
| 载体膜 | 聚丙烯薄膜 | 聚乙烯薄膜 | 聚乙烯基化合物 |
样品1-3证明了相同的膨胀密封组合物涂覆在不同的热塑性塑料薄膜材料上，粘结效果相同。不过，当使用非阻燃的载体膜时，在膨胀密封组合物中添加5-15份聚磷酸铵盐类阻燃剂以防止膨胀密封件在火中的进一步燃烧。
传统的涂层添加剂有表面活性剂，消泡剂，色素和其他可能添加到本发明实施例中的添加剂。
本发明的一个较佳实施方式，本发明膨胀密封组合物可以用于制备防火门密封件，渗透密封件，膨胀带，膨胀防火圈，膨胀管外包套，膨胀关节密封件和其他类似膨胀密封件，该膨胀密封件在火中受到加热或火烧时会膨胀使其体积扩大许多倍从而密封空隙以防止烟和火焰由各个防火隔间空隙进入。
本发明中的单数是指一个或至少一个，复数是指两个或至少两个，另一个是代指第二个或至少第二个起。
以上实施例特别地展示和描述了本发明，本领域技术人员在此基础上对本发明做出的各种形式和细节的变化都应落在本发明权利要求书所界定的保护范围内。
Claims (11)
1.膨胀密封组合物，其特征在于包括以下重量百分比组分：
膨胀剂 10-60％
粘结剂 20-80％，
其中，所述的膨胀剂和粘结剂先混合均匀，再涂覆在载体膜上形成一定厚度的涂层，于室温或烤箱中烘干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀密封组合物，其特征在于进一步包括有1-10wt％的阻燃剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的膨胀密封组合物，其特征在于所述的阻燃剂选自磷酸铵、聚磷酸铵、三联氨磷酸铵、含水氧化铝、无定形红磷、三聚氰胺和三聚氰胺磷酸盐中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀密封组合物，其特征在于所述膨胀剂的重量百分比为30-50％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀密封组合物，其特征在于所述的膨胀剂为可膨胀石墨。
6.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀密封组合物，其特征在于所述粘结剂的重量百分比为20-80％。
7.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀密封组合物，其特征在于所述的粘结剂为苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀密封组合物，其特征在于所述的载体膜选自聚丙烯膜、聚乙烯膜、聚烯烃膜和聚乙烯基膜。
9.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀密封组合物，其特征在于还包括涂料助剂，所述的涂料助剂选自表面活性剂、消泡剂和色素中的一种或几种。
10.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀密封组合物，其特征在于所述的涂层在室温下涂布并于室温下或烤箱中烘干而成，涂布涂层所用装置采用铲子、刷子、滚筒、逗号棒涂布机、刮刀涂布机、滚轮涂布机和狭缝涂布机中的一种。
11.权利要求1所述组合物制成的制品。
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| CN102585756A (zh) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏欣安新材料技术有限公司 | 一种水性高膨胀防火密封胶 |
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| CN102585756A (zh) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏欣安新材料技术有限公司 | 一种水性高膨胀防火密封胶 |
| CN102533177A (zh) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-07-04 | 中国印刷科学技术研究所 | 高耐水性乳液型聚丙烯酸酯压敏胶粘剂及其制法和应用 |
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