CN106881516B - A kind of method using arc voltage signal monitoring electric arc arc length - Google Patents
A kind of method using arc voltage signal monitoring electric arc arc length Download PDFInfo
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- CN106881516B CN106881516B CN201710095584.9A CN201710095584A CN106881516B CN 106881516 B CN106881516 B CN 106881516B CN 201710095584 A CN201710095584 A CN 201710095584A CN 106881516 B CN106881516 B CN 106881516B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/10—Other electric circuits therefor; Protective circuits; Remote controls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/06—Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc
- B23K9/073—Stabilising the arc
- B23K9/0731—Stabilising of the arc tension
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method using arc voltage signal monitoring electric arc arc length.This method is by the arc voltage signal waveform during real-time detection electric arc welding or electric arc increasing material manufacturing, extraction obtains arc voltage temporal signatures waveform higher than the arc voltage time domain signal waveform of arc voltage threshold value, de-noising is carried out to arc voltage temporal signatures waveform using wavelet analysis, the low-frequency component in arc voltage temporal signatures waveform is extracted using wavelet packet analysis, and draw out arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure, bring arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform into electric arc arc length that electric arc arc length mathematical model is calculated in process and change time domain waveform, drawn by electric arc arc length change time domain waveform and moment electric arc arc length value is arbitrarily processed in process.The offline inspection and on-line monitoring of the electric arc arc length to the electric arc welding processes such as TIG, MIG, MAG, PAW and metal material electric arc increasing material manufacturing process can be realized using the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to it is a kind of using arc voltage signal monitoring electric arc arc length method, be not only suitable for TIG, MIG, MAG,
To the monitoring of electric arc arc length in the electric arc welding processes such as PAW, at the same can be also suitably used for metal material arc surfacing, it is electric arc deposited with
Monitoring during the electric arc increasing material manufacturing such as electric arc three-dimensional rapid forming to electric arc arc length.
Background technology
Using electric arc as heat source, the electric arc welding manufacture and electric arc that can carry out various metal structures increase material system
Make.Under the situation of intelligent Manufacturing Technology fast development, the joint penetration control during electric arc welding and electric arc increasing material manufacturing
It is robot building automatic field significantly research topic with electric arc tracking technique.In order to obtain good be welded into
Form quality amount or increasing material manufacturing sedimentary quality, it is necessary to obtain the more information in relation to electric arc heat source, and electric arc is dynamically control on
Appropriate maintenance level.During electric arc welding manufacture and electric arc increasing material manufacturing, electric arc is not invariable, but as far as possible
Its own is set to be in dynamic thermal balance state, to obtain most stable energy output effect and optimal process state.Electric arc arc length
It is an important factor for electric arc dynamic change is influenced in numerous arc heat source information.In process, the change of electric arc arc length is by shadow
The effective energy that electric arc heat source acts on processing object is rung, starting arc heat-source energy acts on manufacturing district due to arc length change
And the electric arc arcing and droplet transfer stability produced changes and will greatly restrict welding or the raising of increasing material manufacturing quality.
Therefore, the offline inspection of electric arc arc length is realized during electric arc welding and electric arc increasing material manufacturing or is monitored on-line for manufacturing
The control of journey and the assessment of workmanship have very important realistic meaning.
In the manufacturing process using electric arc as processing heat source, the change of electric arc arc length forms certain with arc voltage fluctuation
Mapping relations.The present invention extracts electricity by the use of the arc voltage signal of electric arc output as information source using technologies such as wavelet analysises
The indicatrix of arc voltage signal, realizes the monitoring to electric arc arc length.
The content of the invention
The present invention is for electric arc welding or electric arc increasing material manufacturing, there is provided one kind utilizes arc voltage signal monitoring electric arc arc length
Method.
The present invention takes following technical scheme：
A kind of method using arc voltage signal monitoring electric arc arc length, the method detect the electricity in process in real time
Arc voltage signal, using arc voltage and the quantitative relationship of electric arc arc length, is realized to electric arc welding or electric arc increasing material manufacturing process
The step of monitoring of electric arc arc length, the method, is as follows：
(1) arc voltage signal in collection complete machining process secondary loop, drafting obtain arc voltage at any time in real time
Between the signal waveform that changes；
(2) arc voltage signal amplitude threshold value is set, extraction is believed higher than the arc voltage time domain of arc voltage threshold value
Number waveform；
(3) de-noising is carried out to arc voltage temporal signatures waveform using wavelet analysis method；
(4) using the low-frequency component in analysis method of wavelet packet extraction arc voltage temporal signatures waveform, and electricity is drawn out
Arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure；
(5) bring arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform into electric arc arc length mathematical model and process is calculated
In electric arc arc length change time domain waveform.
(6) drawn by electric arc arc length change time domain waveform and moment electric arc arc length value is arbitrarily processed in process.
The preparation method of the electric arc arc length mathematical model is as follows：
(1) installation base plate, and confidence level is fixed, and arc welding gun is held on to the vehicle with walking machine of three-dimension numerical controlled workbench
Structure, adjustment arc welding gun direction, makes it vertical with base plan；
(2) any speed and stroke are set in the x-direction, electric arc is at the uniform velocity walked in combustion, and make electric arc at the same time
Arc length continuously changes in the z-direction；
(3) arc voltage signal in electric arc arc length change procedure secondary loop is gathered in real time, draws out arc voltage letter
Number time domain waveform；
(4) x directional runs terminate, and stop electric arc work and arc voltage signal collection；
(5) de-noising is carried out to arc voltage signal time domain waveform using the method for wavelet analysis；
(6) using low in arc voltage signal time domain waveform in analysis method of wavelet packet extraction electric arc arc length change procedure
Frequency component, so as to draw out arc voltage signal low-frequency component temporal signatures oscillogram；
(7) change the trigonometric function relation to be formed in the stroke in x directions and the arc length in z directions using electric arc walking to be changed
Calculate, draw electric arc arc length-arc voltage graph of relation；
(8) carry out curve fitting, obtained between electric arc arc length and arc voltage to electric arc arc length-arc voltage relation curve
Relational model, i.e. electric arc arc length mathematical model.
The arc voltage signal amplitude threshold value need to be not less than the 1/2 of the signal averaging amplitude.
The innovation of the present invention is to establish electric arc arc length and arc voltage signal using wavelet analysis and signal characteristic abstraction
Between relational model, by the real-time detection to arc voltage signal, the monitoring to electric arc arc length is realized, with prior art phase
Than haing the following advantages：
(1) it is workable, it can be achieved that the offline inspection and on-line monitoring of electric arc arc length；
(2) system design is of low cost with manufacturing；
(3) monitoring result is directly perceived, and meets the actual condition of electric arc welding or electric arc increasing material manufacturing；
(4) data calculation amount is small, it can be achieved that fast slowdown monitoring.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is electric arc arc length monitoring system composition schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the electric arc arc length change procedure arc voltage signal time domain waveform that embodiment 1 detects.
Fig. 3 is the electric arc arc length change procedure arc voltage signal low-frequency component temporal signatures waveform that embodiment 1 is extracted.
Fig. 4 is the electric arc arc length-arc voltage graph of relation and its matched curve that embodiment 1 is extracted.
Fig. 5 is that the arc voltage of 1 electric arc to be detected of embodiment changes over time signal waveform.
Fig. 6 is the arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure of 1 electric arc to be detected of embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the electric arc arc length change time domain waveform of 1 electric arc to be detected of embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the electric arc arc length change procedure arc voltage signal time domain waveform that embodiment 2 detects.
Fig. 9 is the electric arc arc length change procedure arc voltage signal low-frequency component temporal signatures waveform that embodiment 2 is extracted.
Figure 10 is the electric arc arc length-arc voltage graph of relation and its matched curve that embodiment 2 is extracted.
Figure 11 is that the arc voltage of 2 electric arc to be detected of embodiment changes over time signal waveform.
Figure 12 is the arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure of 2 electric arc to be detected of embodiment.
Figure 13 is the electric arc arc length change time domain waveform of 2 electric arc to be detected of embodiment.
In figure, 1 three-dimension numerical controlled workbench walking mechanism bare terminal end, 2 arc welding guns, 3 electric arcs, 4 weldments or substrate, 5 letters
Number conditioner, 6 data collecting cards, 7 computers.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained.
Referring to Fig. 1, electric arc arc length monitoring system mainly includes walking mechanism bare terminal end 1, arc welding gun 2, signal conditioner
5th, data collecting card 6 and computer 7 etc..The electric arc 3 that arc welding gun 2 produces is acted on weldment or substrate 4, and parallel conducting wire is in electricity
3 both ends of arc, the sensing realized to arc voltage signal is acted on using electric arc from sensing.Detect obtained arc voltage signal transmission
Handled to signal conditioner 5, then by being sent to computer 7 after data collecting card 6, by the software that computer 7 loads to signal into
The processing such as row calculating, obtain testing result.
Embodiment 1：
MIG welding is carried out, a diameter of 1.2mm is selected as substrate, metal welding wire using 6061 aluminium alloy plates of thickness 6mm
4043 aluminium alloy welding wires, protective gas is 99.999% high-purity argon gas of purity, and shield gas flow rate is 18L/min.First
Establish the mathematical model of electric arc arc length：Setting arc current output be 118A, and it is 20.6V that arc voltage, which exports, electric arc pulse frequency
Rate 100Hz, walking mechanism translational speed are 30mm/s.Aluminium alloy welding wire used connects positive pole, and substrate connects power cathode.Peace
Substrate is filled, and confidence level is fixed, and MIG arc welding guns are held on to the walking mechanism of three-dimension numerical controlled workbench.Adjust MIG welderings
Rifle direction, makes it vertical with base plan.The speed of travel is set in the x-direction as 30mm/s, and walk duration 1.55s, and stroke is
46.5mm.Electric arc is at the uniform velocity walked in combustion, and electric arc arc length is continuously shortened 2mm in the z-direction at the same time.Collection in real time
Arc voltage signal in electric arc arc length change procedure secondary loop, draws out arc voltage signal time domain waveform, such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show.After x directional runs, stop electric arc work and arc voltage signal collection.Using wavelet analysis to arc voltage signal
Time domain waveform carries out de-noising, is extracted using wavelet packet analysis in electric arc arc length change procedure in arc voltage signal time domain waveform
Low-frequency component, it is as shown in Figure 3 to draw out arc voltage signal low-frequency component temporal signatures oscillogram.Walked using electric arc in x side
To stroke and the arc length in z directions change the trigonometric function relation to be formed and convert, draw electric arc arc length-arc voltage relation
Curve map is as shown in Figure 4.Carry out curve fitting to electric arc arc length-arc voltage relation curve, obtain electric arc arc length (L) and electric arc
Relational model between voltage (U), i.e. electric arc arc length mathematical model：
In the formal monitoring process of electric arc arc length, the arc voltage letter in complete machining process secondary loop is gathered in real time
Number, it is as shown in Figure 5 that drafting obtains the signal waveform that arc voltage changes over time.Set arc voltage signal amplitude threshold value as
16.5V, extraction obtain arc voltage temporal signatures waveform higher than the arc voltage time domain signal waveform of arc voltage threshold value.
De-noising is carried out to arc voltage temporal signatures waveform using wavelet analysis, arc voltage temporal signatures are extracted using wavelet packet analysis
Low-frequency component in waveform, and arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure is drawn out, as shown in Figure 6.By arc voltage
Signal low-frequency component signature waveform brings the electric arc arc length change time domain that electric arc arc length mathematical model is calculated in process into
Waveform, as shown in Figure 7, you can draw and moment electric arc arc length value is arbitrarily processed in process.
Embodiment 2：
MIG welding is carried out, a diameter of 1.2mm is selected as substrate, metal welding wire using 6061 aluminium alloy plates of thickness 6mm
4043 aluminium alloy welding wires, protective gas is 99.999% high-purity argon gas of purity, and shield gas flow rate is 18L/min.First
Establish the mathematical model of electric arc arc length：Setting arc current output be 146A, and it is 22.0V that arc voltage, which exports, electric arc pulse frequency
Rate 100Hz, walking mechanism translational speed are 30mm/s.Aluminium alloy welding wire used connects positive pole, and substrate connects power cathode.Peace
Substrate is filled, and confidence level is fixed, and MIG arc welding guns are held on to the walking mechanism of three-dimension numerical controlled workbench.Adjust MIG welderings
Rifle direction, makes it vertical with base plan.The speed of travel is set in the x-direction as 30mm/s, and walk duration 1.70s, and stroke is
51.0mm.Electric arc is at the uniform velocity walked in combustion, and electric arc arc length is continuously shortened 2.2mm in the z-direction at the same time.Adopt in real time
Collect the arc voltage signal in electric arc arc length change procedure secondary loop, arc voltage signal time domain waveform is drawn out, such as Fig. 8 institutes
Show.After x directional runs, stop electric arc work and arc voltage signal collection.Using wavelet analysis to arc voltage signal
Time domain waveform carries out de-noising, is extracted using wavelet packet analysis in electric arc arc length change procedure in arc voltage signal time domain waveform
Low-frequency component, it is as shown in Figure 9 to draw out arc voltage signal low-frequency component temporal signatures oscillogram.Walked using electric arc in x side
To stroke and the arc length in z directions change the trigonometric function relation to be formed and convert, draw electric arc arc length-arc voltage relation
Curve map is as shown in Figure 10.Carry out curve fitting to electric arc arc length-arc voltage relation curve, obtain electric arc arc length (L) and electricity
Relational model between arc voltage (U), i.e. electric arc arc length mathematical model：
In the formal monitoring process of electric arc arc length, the arc voltage letter in complete machining process secondary loop is gathered in real time
Number, it is as shown in figure 11 that drafting obtains the signal waveform that arc voltage changes over time.Set arc voltage signal amplitude threshold value
For 18.0V, extraction obtains arc voltage temporal signatures ripple higher than the arc voltage time domain signal waveform of arc voltage threshold value
Shape.De-noising is carried out to arc voltage temporal signatures waveform using wavelet analysis, arc voltage time domain is extracted using wavelet packet analysis
Low-frequency component in signature waveform, and arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure is drawn out, as shown in figure 12.By electric arc
Voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform brings the electric arc arc length change that electric arc arc length mathematical model is calculated in process into
Time domain waveform, as shown in figure 13, you can draw and moment electric arc arc length value is arbitrarily processed in process.
It can be seen from the result of above-described embodiment electricity more can be accurately and quickly realized using the method for the invention
To the monitoring of electric arc arc length change during arc welding or electric arc increasing material manufacturing.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. method using arc voltage signal monitoring electric arc arc length, it is characterised in that the method detects processing in real time During arc voltage signal, using the quantitative relationship of arc voltage and electric arc arc length, realize and electric arc welding or electric arc increased The step of monitoring of material manufacturing process electric arc arc length, the method, is as follows：（1）The arc voltage signal in collection complete machining process secondary loop, drafting obtain arc voltage and become with the time in real time The signal waveform of change；（2）Set arc voltage signal amplitude threshold value, arc voltage time-domain signal ripple of the extraction higher than arc voltage threshold value Shape, obtains arc voltage temporal signatures waveform；（3）De-noising is carried out to arc voltage temporal signatures waveform using wavelet analysis method；（4）The low-frequency component in arc voltage temporal signatures waveform is extracted using analysis method of wavelet packet, and draws out electric arc electricity Press signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure；（5）Arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform is brought into electric arc arc length mathematical model to be calculated in process Electric arc arc length changes time domain waveform；（6）Drawn by electric arc arc length change time domain waveform and moment electric arc arc length value is arbitrarily processed in process；The preparation method of the electric arc arc length mathematical model is as follows：（1）Installation base plate, and confidence level is fixed, and arc welding gun is held on to the walking mechanism of three-dimension numerical controlled workbench, is adjusted Whole arc welding gun direction, makes it vertical with base plan；（2）Any speed and stroke are set in the x-direction, electric arc is at the uniform velocity walked in combustion, and make electric arc arc length at the same time It is continuous in the z-direction to change；（3）Arc voltage signal in collection electric arc arc length change procedure secondary loop in real time, when drawing out arc voltage signal Domain waveform；（4）X directional runs terminate, and stop electric arc work and arc voltage signal collection；（5）De-noising is carried out to arc voltage signal time domain waveform using wavelet analysis method；（6）Using analysis method of wavelet packet extract low frequency in electric arc arc length change procedure in arc voltage signal time domain waveform into Point, so as to draw out arc voltage signal low-frequency component temporal signatures oscillogram；（7）Change the trigonometric function relation to be formed in the stroke in x directions and the arc length in z directions using electric arc walking to convert, Draw electric arc arc length-arc voltage graph of relation；（8）Carry out curve fitting to electric arc arc length-arc voltage relation curve, obtain the pass between electric arc arc length and arc voltage Be model, i.e. electric arc arc length mathematical model.
- 2. the method according to claim 1 using arc voltage signal monitoring electric arc arc length, it is characterised in that：The electricity Arc voltage signal amplitude threshold value need to be not less than the 1/2 of the signal averaging amplitude.
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| CN110788460A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-14 | 合肥工业大学 | Arc length adjuster |
| CN113406455B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-03-15 | 福州大学 | Macroscopic characterization method for microscopic state of low-voltage alternating-current arc |
| CN114083086B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-08-30 | 北京理工大学 | Control method and device for stabilizing electric arc additive manufacturing process |
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