CN106881516A - A kind of method that utilization arc voltage signal monitors electric arc arc length - Google Patents
A kind of method that utilization arc voltage signal monitors electric arc arc length Download PDFInfo
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- CN106881516A CN106881516A CN201710095584.9A CN201710095584A CN106881516A CN 106881516 A CN106881516 A CN 106881516A CN 201710095584 A CN201710095584 A CN 201710095584A CN 106881516 A CN106881516 A CN 106881516A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/10—Other electric circuits therefor; Protective circuits; Remote controls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/06—Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc
- B23K9/073—Stabilising the arc
- B23K9/0731—Stabilising of the arc tension
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- Arc Welding Control (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method that utilization arc voltage signal monitors electric arc arc length.The method is by the arc voltage signal waveform during the welding of real-time detection electric arc or electric arc increasing material manufacturing, extract and obtain arc voltage temporal signatures waveform higher than the arc voltage time domain signal waveform of arc voltage threshold value, de-noising is carried out to arc voltage temporal signatures waveform using wavelet analysis, the low-frequency component in arc voltage temporal signatures waveform is extracted using wavelet packet analysis, and draw out arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure, bring arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform into electric arc arc length Mathematical Modeling and calculate electric arc arc length in process and change time domain waveform, moment electric arc arc length value is arbitrarily processed in drawing process by electric arc arc length change time domain waveform.The offline inspection and on-line monitoring of electric arc arc length to the electric arc welding processes such as TIG, MIG, MAG, PAW and metal material electric arc increasing material manufacturing process can be realized using the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of utilization arc voltage signal monitor electric arc arc length method, be not only suitable for TIG, MIG, MAG,
To the monitoring of electric arc arc length in the electric arc welding processes such as PAW, at the same can be also suitably used for metal material arc surfacing, it is electric arc deposited with
Monitoring during the electric arc increasing material manufacturing such as electric arc three-dimensional rapid forming to electric arc arc length.
Background technology
Using electric arc as thermal source, the electric arc welding manufacture and electric arc that can carry out various metal structures increase material system
Make.Under the fast-developing situation of intelligent Manufacturing Technology, the joint penetration control during electric arc welding and electric arc increasing material manufacturing
It is robot building automatic field significantly research topic with electric arc tracking technique.In order to obtain good being welded into
Form quality amount or increasing material manufacturing sedimentary quality, it is necessary to obtain the more information about electric arc thermal source, and electric arc is dynamically control on
Appropriate maintenance level.During electric arc welding manufacture and electric arc increasing material manufacturing, electric arc is not invariable, but as far as possible
Its own is set to be in dynamic thermal balance state, to obtain most stable energy output effect and optimal process state.Electric arc arc length
It is the key factor of influence electric arc dynamic change in numerous arc heat source information.In process, the change of electric arc arc length is by shadow
The effective energy that electric arc thermal source acts on processing object is rung, starting arc heat-source energy acts on manufacturing district due to arc length change
And the electric arc arcing and droplet transfer stability for producing change greatly restriction welding or the raising of increasing material manufacturing quality.
Therefore, realize the offline inspection or on-line monitoring of electric arc arc length for manufacturing during electric arc welding and electric arc increasing material manufacturing
The control of journey and the assessment of workmanship have very important realistic meaning.
In taking electric arc as the manufacturing process for processing thermal source, the change of electric arc arc length forms certain with arc voltage fluctuation
Mapping relations.The present invention extracts electricity by the use of the arc voltage signal of electric arc output as information source using technologies such as wavelet analysises
The indicatrix of arc voltage signal, realizes the monitoring to electric arc arc length.
The content of the invention
The present invention is for electric arc welding or electric arc increasing material manufacturing, there is provided one kind monitors electric arc arc length using arc voltage signal
Method.
The present invention takes following technical scheme：
A kind of utilization arc voltage signal monitors the method for electric arc arc length, the electricity in methods described real-time detection process
Arc voltage signal, using arc voltage and the quantitative relationship of electric arc arc length, realizes to electric arc welding or electric arc increasing material manufacturing process
The step of monitoring of electric arc arc length, methods described, is as follows：
(1) arc voltage signal in Real-time Collection complete machining process secondary loop, drafting obtains arc voltage at any time
Between change signal waveform；
(2) arc voltage signal amplitude threshold value is set, is extracted and is believed higher than the arc voltage time domain of arc voltage threshold value
Number waveform；
(3) de-noising is carried out to arc voltage temporal signatures waveform using wavelet analysis method；
(4) low-frequency component in arc voltage temporal signatures waveform is extracted using analysis method of wavelet packet, and draws out electricity
Arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure；
(5) bring arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform into electric arc arc length Mathematical Modeling and calculate process
In electric arc arc length change time domain waveform.
(6) moment electric arc arc length value is arbitrarily processed in drawing process by electric arc arc length change time domain waveform.
The preparation method of the electric arc arc length Mathematical Modeling is as follows：
(1) installation base plate, and confidence level fixed, and arc welding gun is held on the vehicle with walking machine of three-dimension numerical controlled workbench
Structure, adjustment arc welding gun direction, makes it vertical with base plan；
(2) any speed and stroke are set in the x-direction, electric arc is at the uniform velocity walked in combustion, and make electric arc simultaneously
Arc length continuously changes in the z-direction；
(3) arc voltage signal in Real-time Collection electric arc arc length change procedure secondary loop, draws out arc voltage letter
Number time domain waveform；
(4) x directional runs terminate, and stop electric arc work and arc voltage signal collection；
(5) de-noising is carried out to arc voltage signal time domain waveform using the method for wavelet analysis；
(6) using low in arc voltage signal time domain waveform in analysis method of wavelet packet extraction electric arc arc length change procedure
Frequency composition, so as to draw out arc voltage signal low-frequency component temporal signatures oscillogram；
(7) change the trigonometric function relation to be formed in the stroke in x directions and the arc length in z directions using electric arc walking to be changed
Calculate, draw electric arc arc length-arc voltage graph of relation；
(8) electric arc arc length-arc voltage relation curve is carried out curve fitting, is obtained between electric arc arc length and arc voltage
Relational model, i.e. electric arc arc length Mathematical Modeling.
The arc voltage signal amplitude threshold value need to be not less than the 1/2 of the signal averaging amplitude.
Innovation of the invention is to set up electric arc arc length and arc voltage signal using wavelet analysis and signal characteristic abstraction
Between relational model, by the real-time detection to arc voltage signal, the monitoring to electric arc arc length is realized, with prior art phase
Than with advantages below：
(1) it is workable, it is capable of achieving the offline inspection and on-line monitoring of electric arc arc length；
(2) system design with it is cheap for manufacturing cost；
(3) monitoring result is directly perceived, and meets the actual condition of electric arc welding or electric arc increasing material manufacturing；
(4) data amount of calculation is small, is capable of achieving fast monitored.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is electric arc arc length monitoring system composition schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the electric arc arc length change procedure arc voltage signal time domain waveform of the detection of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the electric arc arc length change procedure arc voltage signal low-frequency component temporal signatures waveform that embodiment 1 is extracted.
Fig. 4 is the electric arc arc length-arc voltage graph of relation and its matched curve that embodiment 1 is extracted.
Fig. 5 is that the arc voltage of the electric arc to be detected of embodiment 1 changes over time signal waveform.
Fig. 6 is the arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure of the electric arc to be detected of embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is the electric arc arc length change time domain waveform of the electric arc to be detected of embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 is the electric arc arc length change procedure arc voltage signal time domain waveform of the detection of embodiment 2.
Fig. 9 is the electric arc arc length change procedure arc voltage signal low-frequency component temporal signatures waveform that embodiment 2 is extracted.
Figure 10 is the electric arc arc length-arc voltage graph of relation and its matched curve that embodiment 2 is extracted.
Figure 11 is that the arc voltage of the electric arc to be detected of embodiment 2 changes over time signal waveform.
Figure 12 is the arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure of the electric arc to be detected of embodiment 2.
Figure 13 is the electric arc arc length change time domain waveform of the electric arc to be detected of embodiment 2.
In figure, 1 three-dimension numerical controlled workbench walking mechanism bare terminal end, 2 arc welding guns, 3 electric arcs, 4 weldments or substrate, 5 letters
Number conditioner, 6 data collecting cards, 7 computers.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
Referring to Fig. 1, electric arc arc length monitoring system mainly includes walking mechanism bare terminal end 1, arc welding gun 2, signal conditioner
5th, data collecting card 6 and computer 7 etc..The electric arc 3 that arc welding gun 2 is produced is acted on weldment or substrate 4, and parallel conducting wire is in electricity
The two ends of arc 3, the sensing realized to arc voltage signal is acted on using electric arc from sensing.The arc voltage signal transmission that detection is obtained
Processed to signal conditioner 5, then by being sent to computer 7 after data collecting card 6, the software loaded by computer 7 enters to signal
The treatment such as row calculating, obtain testing result.
Embodiment 1：
MIG welding is carried out, using 6061 aluminium alloy plates of thickness 6mm as substrate, metal welding wire selects a diameter of 1.2mm
4043 aluminium alloy welding wires, protective gas be the high-purity argon gas of purity 99.999%, and shield gas flow rate be 18L/min.First
Set up the Mathematical Modeling of electric arc arc length：Setting arc current is output as 118A, and arc voltage is output as 20.6V, electric arc pulse frequency
Rate 100Hz, walking mechanism translational speed is 30mm/s.Aluminium alloy welding wire used connects positive source, and substrate connects power cathode.Peace
Substrate is filled, and confidence level is fixed, and MIG arc welding guns are held on the walking mechanism of three-dimension numerical controlled workbench.Adjustment MIG welderings
Rifle direction, makes it vertical with base plan.The speed of travel as 30mm/s is set in the x-direction, walk duration 1.55s, stroke is
46.5mm.Electric arc is at the uniform velocity walked in combustion, and electric arc arc length is continuously shortened 2mm in the z-direction simultaneously.Real-time Collection
Arc voltage signal in electric arc arc length change procedure secondary loop, draws out arc voltage signal time domain waveform, such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show.After x directional runs terminate, stop electric arc work and arc voltage signal collection.Using wavelet analysis to arc voltage signal
Time domain waveform carries out de-noising, using in arc voltage signal time domain waveform in wavelet packet analysis extraction electric arc arc length change procedure
Low-frequency component, draws out arc voltage signal low-frequency component temporal signatures oscillogram as shown in Figure 3.Using electric arc walking in x side
To stroke and the arc length in z directions change the trigonometric function relation to be formed and converted, draw electric arc arc length-arc voltage relation
Curve map is as shown in Figure 4.Electric arc arc length-arc voltage relation curve is carried out curve fitting, electric arc arc length (L) and electric arc is obtained
Relational model between voltage (U), i.e. electric arc arc length Mathematical Modeling：
In the formal monitoring process of electric arc arc length, the arc voltage letter in Real-time Collection complete machining process secondary loop
Number, it is as shown in Figure 5 that drafting obtains the signal waveform that arc voltage changes over time.Set arc voltage signal amplitude threshold value as
16.5V, extracts the arc voltage time domain signal waveform higher than arc voltage threshold value, obtains arc voltage temporal signatures waveform.
De-noising is carried out to arc voltage temporal signatures waveform using wavelet analysis, arc voltage temporal signatures are extracted using wavelet packet analysis
Low-frequency component in waveform, and arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure is drawn out, as shown in Figure 6.By arc voltage
Signal low-frequency component signature waveform brings the electric arc arc length change time domain that electric arc arc length Mathematical Modeling is calculated in process into
Waveform, as shown in Figure 7, you can draw any processing moment electric arc arc length value in process.
Embodiment 2：
MIG welding is carried out, using 6061 aluminium alloy plates of thickness 6mm as substrate, metal welding wire selects a diameter of 1.2mm
4043 aluminium alloy welding wires, protective gas be the high-purity argon gas of purity 99.999%, and shield gas flow rate be 18L/min.First
Set up the Mathematical Modeling of electric arc arc length：Setting arc current is output as 146A, and arc voltage is output as 22.0V, electric arc pulse frequency
Rate 100Hz, walking mechanism translational speed is 30mm/s.Aluminium alloy welding wire used connects positive source, and substrate connects power cathode.Peace
Substrate is filled, and confidence level is fixed, and MIG arc welding guns are held on the walking mechanism of three-dimension numerical controlled workbench.Adjustment MIG welderings
Rifle direction, makes it vertical with base plan.The speed of travel as 30mm/s is set in the x-direction, walk duration 1.70s, stroke is
51.0mm.Electric arc is at the uniform velocity walked in combustion, and electric arc arc length is continuously shortened 2.2mm in the z-direction simultaneously.Adopt in real time
Arc voltage signal in collection electric arc arc length change procedure secondary loop, draws out arc voltage signal time domain waveform, such as Fig. 8 institutes
Show.After x directional runs terminate, stop electric arc work and arc voltage signal collection.Using wavelet analysis to arc voltage signal
Time domain waveform carries out de-noising, using in arc voltage signal time domain waveform in wavelet packet analysis extraction electric arc arc length change procedure
Low-frequency component, draws out arc voltage signal low-frequency component temporal signatures oscillogram as shown in Figure 9.Using electric arc walking in x side
To stroke and the arc length in z directions change the trigonometric function relation to be formed and converted, draw electric arc arc length-arc voltage relation
Curve map is as shown in Figure 10.Electric arc arc length-arc voltage relation curve is carried out curve fitting, electric arc arc length (L) is obtained with electricity
Relational model between arc voltage (U), i.e. electric arc arc length Mathematical Modeling：
In the formal monitoring process of electric arc arc length, the arc voltage letter in Real-time Collection complete machining process secondary loop
Number, it is as shown in figure 11 that drafting obtains the signal waveform that arc voltage changes over time.Setting arc voltage signal amplitude threshold value
It is 18.0V, extracts the arc voltage time domain signal waveform higher than arc voltage threshold value, obtains arc voltage temporal signatures ripple
Shape.De-noising is carried out to arc voltage temporal signatures waveform using wavelet analysis, arc voltage time domain is extracted using wavelet packet analysis
Low-frequency component in signature waveform, and arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure is drawn out, as shown in figure 12.By electric arc
Voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform brings the electric arc arc length change that electric arc arc length Mathematical Modeling is calculated in process into
Time domain waveform, as shown in figure 13, you can draw any processing moment electric arc arc length value in process.
Be can be seen that by the result of above-described embodiment more can accurately and quickly realize electricity using the method for the invention
To the monitoring of electric arc arc length change during arc welding or electric arc increasing material manufacturing.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that utilization arc voltage signal monitors electric arc arc length, the electric arc in methods described real-time detection process
Voltage signal, using arc voltage and the quantitative relationship of electric arc arc length, realizes to electric arc welding or electric arc increasing material manufacturing process electricity
The step of monitoring of arc arc length, methods described, is as follows：
（1）Arc voltage signal in Real-time Collection complete machining process secondary loop, drafting obtains arc voltage anaplasia at any time
The signal waveform of change；
（2）Setting arc voltage signal amplitude threshold value, extracts the arc voltage time-domain signal ripple higher than arc voltage threshold value
Shape, obtains arc voltage temporal signatures waveform；
（3）De-noising is carried out to arc voltage temporal signatures waveform using wavelet analysis method；
（4）The low-frequency component in arc voltage temporal signatures waveform is extracted using analysis method of wavelet packet, and draws out electric arc electricity
Pressure signal low-frequency component signature waveform figure；
（5）Arc voltage signal low-frequency component signature waveform is brought into during electric arc arc length Mathematical Modeling calculates process
Electric arc arc length changes time domain waveform；
（6）Moment electric arc arc length value is arbitrarily processed in drawing process by electric arc arc length change time domain waveform.
2. the method that utilization arc voltage signal according to claim 1 monitors electric arc arc length, it is characterised in that the electricity
The preparation method of arc arc length Mathematical Modeling is as follows：
（1）Installation base plate, and confidence level fixed, and arc welding gun is held on the walking mechanism of three-dimension numerical controlled workbench, is adjusted
Whole arc welding gun direction, makes it vertical with base plan；
（2）Any speed and stroke are set in the x-direction, electric arc is at the uniform velocity walked in combustion, and make electric arc arc length simultaneously
It is continuous in the z-direction to change；
（3）Arc voltage signal in Real-time Collection electric arc arc length change procedure secondary loop, when drawing out arc voltage signal
Domain waveform；
（4）X directional runs terminate, and stop electric arc work and arc voltage signal collection；
（5）De-noising is carried out to arc voltage signal time domain waveform using wavelet analysis method；
（6）Using analysis method of wavelet packet extract low frequency in electric arc arc length change procedure in arc voltage signal time domain waveform into
Point, so as to draw out arc voltage signal low-frequency component temporal signatures oscillogram；
（7）Change the trigonometric function relation to be formed in the stroke in x directions and the arc length in z directions using electric arc walking to be converted,
Draw electric arc arc length-arc voltage graph of relation；
（8）Electric arc arc length-arc voltage relation curve is carried out curve fitting, the pass between electric arc arc length and arc voltage is obtained
Be model, i.e. electric arc arc length Mathematical Modeling.
3. the method that utilization arc voltage signal according to claim 1 and 2 monitors electric arc arc length, it is characterised in that：Institute
Stating arc voltage signal amplitude threshold value need to be not less than the 1/2 of the signal averaging amplitude.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107442956A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-12-08 | 河北创力机电科技有限公司 | A kind of aluminum pipe flange automatic welding joint and its work station |
| CN108021783A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-05-11 | 东北大学 | Bipolar electrode direct current electric melting magnesium furnace operation resistance computational methods |
| CN109648172A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-19 | 西南交通大学 | The GTA increasing material manufacturing molten wide of arc voltage auxiliary detects vision system real-time calibration method |
| CN110788460A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-14 | 合肥工业大学 | Arc length adjuster |
| CN113406455A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-17 | 福州大学 | Macroscopic characterization method for microscopic state of low-voltage alternating-current arc |
| CN114083086A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-02-25 | 北京理工大学 | Control method and device for stabilizing electric arc additive manufacturing process |
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| CN108021783B (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2021-06-01 | 东北大学 | Method for calculating operating resistance of double-electrode direct-current magnesium melting furnace |
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| CN113406455A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-17 | 福州大学 | Macroscopic characterization method for microscopic state of low-voltage alternating-current arc |
| CN113406455B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-03-15 | 福州大学 | Macroscopic characterization method for microscopic state of low-voltage alternating-current arc |
| CN114083086A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-02-25 | 北京理工大学 | Control method and device for stabilizing electric arc additive manufacturing process |
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