CN106881393A - The special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of one kind closing pushes away swollen combined shaping method - Google Patents
The special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of one kind closing pushes away swollen combined shaping method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106881393A CN106881393A CN201710161852.2A CN201710161852A CN106881393A CN 106881393 A CN106881393 A CN 106881393A CN 201710161852 A CN201710161852 A CN 201710161852A CN 106881393 A CN106881393 A CN 106881393A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- aluminium alloy
- special
- shaped pneumatic
- pneumatic members
- superplastic forming
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/041—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature
Abstract
The special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of a kind of closing of the invention pushes away swollen combined shaping method, 1. closes special-shaped pneumatic members size, aluminium alloy pipe needed for selection shaping according to aluminium alloy；2. special-shaped pneumatic members size is closed according to aluminium alloy, makes mould needed for superplastic forming；3. special-shaped pneumatic members size is closed according to aluminium alloy, aluminium alloy pipe pre-bending is carried out using numerical controlled bending of pipe；4. superplastic forming is carried out, during superplastic forming, the feeding feed supplement of left and right push rod；5. after superplastic forming finishes taking-up part, surplus is removed, is surface-treated, obtain the special-shaped pneumatic members of aluminium alloy closing.The present invention can be prevented effectively from the generation of the defects such as resilience, cracking using the special-shaped pneumatic members of superplastic forming method forming said alloy closing；Thickness Distribution can be effectively controlled, obvious weight loss effect is played；The special-shaped pneumatic members of aluminium alloy closing prepared using superplastic forming method have significant advantage at aspects such as parts size precision, type face precision, surface quality, processing efficiency and manufacturing costs.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to accurate sheet metal processing field, it is related to a kind of special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of closing to push away swollen combined shaping side
Method, it is applied to forming dimension precision, type face precision and the surface quality requirements special-shaped pneumatic members of aluminium alloy closing higher.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy in fields such as Aero-Space, track traffic, weaponrys because with excellent performance, applying very
Extensively.In aerospace field, the integration of the special-shaped pneumatic members type component product of aluminium alloy closing, light weight degree are more next
Higher, the accuracy of manufacture requires also more and more higher.In forming tubular product field, the special-shaped pneumatic members of aluminium alloy closing often use manufacture method
Mainly there are two kinds of cold forming and cast form.Because aluminium alloy elongation percentage is not high, resilience is larger, aluminium alloy envelope prepared by cold forming
Close special-shaped pneumatic members easily to ftracture, produce larger resilience, dimensional accuracy and type face precision are difficult to ensure that.Cast form wall thickness compared with
Thickness, inner mold face is difficult to processing, and surface quality is not high, and weight loss effect is poor.
The content of the invention
Technology solve problem of the invention：A kind of special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of closing is provided and pushes away swollen combined shaping method, it
The shortcomings of External Shape precision controlling difficulty, surface quality difference that prior art can be overcome to process, it is effective to ensure that aluminium alloy
The precision form of the special-shaped pneumatic members of closing, the special-shaped pneumatic members part quality stabilization of aluminium alloy closing for shaping, globality
Good, substantially, dimensional accuracy, type face precision and surface quality are higher, and forming period is shorter for weight loss effect, processing cost compared with
It is low.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is realized by following scheme：The special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of one kind closing pushes away swollen multiple
Manufacturing process is closed, step is as follows：
(1) special-shaped pneumatic members size is closed according to aluminium alloy, aluminium alloy stock tubing needed for selection shaping is selected
Aluminium alloy stock pipe diameter closes the diameter of special-shaped pneumatic members minimum diameter, i.e., left air flue and right air flue less than aluminium alloy,
Minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) of the selected aluminium alloy stock tube wall thickness more than the special-shaped pneumatic members requirement of aluminium alloy closing after shaping；
(2) the special-shaped pneumatic members size of aluminium alloy closing for shaping as needed, makes mould needed for superplastic forming, then
Die cavity to mould needed for superplastic forming carries out appropriate amplification processing according to the special-shaped pneumatic members size of aluminium alloy closing；Make
Superplastic forming die after has in the position of left air flue and right air flue can feed the entrance of left and right push rod；
(3) the left air flue and the shape of right air flue of special-shaped pneumatic members are closed according to aluminium alloy, aluminium alloy pipe is carried out pre-
It is curved, the aluminium alloy pipe after pre-bending should be put into the mold cavity of step (2) making；
(4) superplastic forming die that step (2) makes is heated, it is after reaching superplastic forming temperature, step (3) is pre-
Aluminium alloy pipe after curved is put into superplastic forming die, and left and right push rod is fed to superplastic forming die in left air flue and right gas
The entrance in road, left and right push rod forms closed chamber with aluminium alloy pipe, and right push rod is provided with passage, by logical on right push rod
Stomata, connection closed chamber and the source of the gas in the external world, argon pressurization is led to according to the pressure for changing over time of setting to aluminium alloy pipe
Shaping, while left and right push rod is moved to the sealing cavity direction of buffer gas, will left air flue and right air flue to the close of buffer gas
Envelope chamber carries out feed supplement, completes superplastic forming；
(5) the special-shaped pneumatic members of aluminium alloy closing that superplastic forming is completed to step (4) are removed using machining mode
Surplus, then carries out surface cleaning using alkali cleaning, pickling.
Aluminium alloy stock tubing described in step (1) is model 5083 or 5A06 wrought aluminium alloy tubing.
Step (2) is described suitably to be put to mould needed for superplastic forming according to the special-shaped pneumatic members size of aluminium alloy closing
The super mould size amplification quantity of big processing is 3 ‰~7 ‰.
After the aluminium alloy pipe after pre-bending described in step (3) is put into the mold cavity made by step (2), aluminium-alloy pipe
Material is 0.1~5mm with mold cavity gap.
Step (3) closes the left air flue and the shape of right air flue of special-shaped pneumatic members according to aluminium alloy, using numerical controlled bending of pipe
Carry out aluminium alloy pipe pre-bending.
Superplastic forming temperature described in step (4) is 420~520 DEG C, and left and right push rod feed speed is 0.1~5mm/s, outward
The source of the gas on boundary is argon gas, and argon pressure is 0.1~3MPa.
The material of mould needed for the superplastic forming is No. 45 steel or 304 stainless steels.
Beneficial effect of the present invention relative to prior art：
(1) the present invention special-shaped pneumatic members of aluminium alloy closing formed thereby, good integrity, parts size precision, type face essence
Degree and surface quality are higher；
(2) present invention can effectively control wall thickness local reduction using superplastic forming, play obvious weight loss effect；
(3) present invention can realize the near-net-shape of part using superplastic forming, can effectively reduce following process amount, improve
Efficiency, reduces cost；In addition, the generation of the defects such as resilience, cracking can be prevented effectively from.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that aluminium alloy closes special-shaped pneumatic members schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is raw material aluminium tube schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram after aluminium tube pre-bending；
Fig. 4 is that aluminium alloy closes special-shaped pneumatic members superplastic forming die schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is that aluminium alloy closes schematic diagram after special-shaped pneumatic members superplastic forming.
Specific embodiment
Basic ideas of the invention are：The special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of one kind closing pushes away swollen combined shaping method, 1. according to aluminium
The special-shaped pneumatic members size of alloy closing, aluminium alloy pipe needed for selection shaping；2. special-shaped pneumatic members are closed according to aluminium alloy
Size, makes mould needed for superplastic forming；3. special-shaped pneumatic members size is closed according to aluminium alloy, aluminium is carried out using numerical controlled bending of pipe
Alloy pipe pre-bending；4. superplastic forming is carried out, during superplastic forming, the feeding feed supplement of left and right push rod；5. superplastic forming is finished and taken
After going out part, surplus is removed, be surface-treated, obtain the special-shaped pneumatic members of aluminium alloy closing.The present invention uses superplastic forming
The special-shaped pneumatic members of method forming said alloy closing, can be prevented effectively from the generation of the defects such as resilience, cracking；Wall thickness can effectively be controlled
Distribution, plays obvious weight loss effect；The aluminium alloy prepared using superplastic forming method closes special-shaped pneumatic members in accessory size
The aspects such as precision, type face precision, surface quality, processing efficiency and manufacturing cost have significant advantage.
Highly preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The invention belongs to accurate sheet metal processing field, it is related to a kind of special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of closing and pushes away swollen combined shaping
Method, it is applied to forming dimension precision, type face precision and surface quality requirements aluminium alloy higher and closes special-shaped pneumatic structure
Part.The method is as follows：1. special-shaped pneumatic members size, aluminium alloy pipe needed for selection shaping are closed according to aluminium alloy；2. basis
The special-shaped pneumatic members size of aluminium alloy closing, makes mould needed for superplastic forming；3. special-shaped pneumatic members are closed according to aluminium alloy
Size, aluminium alloy pipe pre-bending is carried out using numerical controlled bending of pipe；4. superplastic forming is carried out, during superplastic forming, left and right push rod enters
To feed supplement；5. after superplastic forming finishes taking-up part, surplus is removed, is surface-treated, obtain aluminium alloy closing abnormity pneumatic
Component.
The present invention closes special-shaped pneumatic members using superplastic forming method forming said alloy, compared with cold forming, can be effective
Avoid the generation of the defects such as resilience, cracking；Compared with casting, Thickness Distribution can be effectively controlled, play obvious weight loss effect；Using
The special-shaped pneumatic members of aluminium alloy closing prepared by superplastic forming method are in parts size precision, type face precision, surface quality, processing
The aspect such as efficiency and manufacturing cost has significant advantage.
The present invention will shape the special-shaped pneumatic members of aluminium alloy closing done, including：The annular seal space of buffer gas, left air flue,
There is an opening at right air flue, the two ends of the annular seal space of buffer gas, one end of the one end open of the annular seal space of buffer gas and left air flue
It is connected, another end opening of the annular seal space of buffer gas is connected with one end of right air flue, the other end of left air flue can connect outer
Portion, the other end of right air flue can also connect outside；After gas can enter to the annular seal space buffering of buffer gas from left air flue,
From the discharge of right air flue；After gas can also enter to the annular seal space buffering of buffer gas from right air flue, discharged from right left air flue；Gas
It is same from left air flue and right left air flue after body also can simultaneously enter to the annular seal space buffering of buffer gas from left air flue, right air flue
When discharge.The tubulose (hollow) for being shaped as bending of left air flue, right air flue, is metal material；During the annular seal space of buffer gas is
Cavity body, section is the non-regular shape of circular or similar round, is determined by mold cavity, is also metal material；Buffer gas
The sectional area of annular seal space is more than left air flue and the sectional area of right air flue (when condition is parallel section).
Special-shaped pneumatic members are closed preferably with certain aluminium alloy, its geomery is shown in Fig. 1, and part material is 5083
Aluminium alloy, a diameter of 55mm of rounded-end section, wall thickness 2mm, length is 600mm, it is desirable to which part wall thickness is not less than 2mm.
Specific preferred scheme is carried out by following processing step：
The first step calculates raw material size：Special-shaped pneumatic members size is closed according to aluminium alloy, aluminium needed for selection shaping is closed
Golden tubing, in nose circle, diameter of section is 55mm, and part wall thickness is not less than at aluminium alloy closing special-shaped pneumatic members minimum diameter position
2mm, selected raw material pipe diameter should be less than the special-shaped pneumatic members minimum diameter of aluminium alloy closing, and wall thickness is sealed more than aluminium alloy
Close the minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) of special-shaped pneumatic members requirement.Therefore, a diameter of 45mm~50mm is chosen, wall thickness is closed for the aluminium of 2.5mm~3mm
Golden tubing, length is 700mm~800mm, as shown in Figure 2.
Second step designs superplastic forming die：Special-shaped pneumatic members size, design superplastic forming institute are closed according to aluminium alloy
Mould is needed, suitably to be amplified according to accessory size, amplification coefficient chooses 5 ‰.
3rd step carries out aluminium alloy pipe pre-bending：Special-shaped pneumatic members size is closed according to aluminium alloy, using numerical controlled bending of pipe
Aluminium alloy pipe pre-bending is carried out, as shown in figure 3, the aluminium alloy pipe after pre-bending should be put into the mold cavity designed by step 2
Interior, aluminium alloy pipe is 0.1~4mm with mold cavity gap.
4th step carries out superplastic forming：Superplastic forming die to step 2 is heated, as shown in figure 4, superplastic forming
Temperature chooses 460 DEG C~480 DEG C.After reaching superplastic forming temperature, the aluminium alloy pipe 3 after step 3 pre-bending is put into super being moulded
In shape upper mould 2 and lower mould 5, left push rod 1 and right push rod 4 feed, and left push rod 1 and right push rod 4 are close with 3 one-tenth of aluminium alloy pipe shape
Closed chamber, the source of the gas of closed chamber and the external world is connected by passage on right push rod 4, according to setting time pressure loading curve to
The logical argon pressurization shaping of aluminium alloy pipe, argon pressure is 0.8Mpa~1Mpa, while left and right push rod move toward one another, feed speed
It is 0.5mm/s~1.5mm/s, carries out feed supplement, finally, shapes the special-shaped pneumatic members of aluminium alloy closing, as shown in Figure 5；
5th step removes surplus removing surface：Surplus is removed using numerical control mill mode, table is then carried out using alkali cleaning, pickling
Clean in face.
The aluminium alloy special-shaped pneumatic members dimensional accuracy of closing for using the method to prepare is ± 0.1mm, type face precision ±
0.3mm, surface roughness Ra 3.2, wall thickness can be controlled inThan prior art cost savings 20%, efficiency is improved
15%, loss of weight 10%.
The present invention also has a kind of preferred scheme, and the aluminium alloy pipe after the pre-bending described in step (3) is put into step (2) institute
After the mold cavity of making, aluminium alloy pipe is preferably 0.1~2.5mm with mold cavity gap, and shaped rear wall thickness can be controlled inImprove the special-shaped pneumatic members effective admission amount of aluminium alloy closing, it is ensured that the normal work of aerospace craft.
The present invention also has a kind of preferred scheme, is 420~460 DEG C in the superplastic forming temperature described in step (4), can make aluminium
The special-shaped pneumatic members shaping cost of alloy closing is than prior art reduction by 25%.
The present invention also has a kind of preferred scheme, is 2~5mm/s in step (4) the left and right push rod feed speed, extraneous
Source of the gas is argon gas, and argon pressure is 1~3MPa, can enable aluminum alloy to close special-shaped pneumatic members forming efficiency than prior art raising
20%.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of closing pushes away swollen combined shaping method, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
(1) special-shaped pneumatic members size is closed according to aluminium alloy, aluminium alloy stock tubing needed for selection shaping, selected aluminium is closed
Golden raw material pipe diameter closes the diameter of special-shaped pneumatic members minimum diameter, i.e., left air flue and right air flue less than aluminium alloy, selected
Minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) of the aluminium alloy stock tube wall thickness for taking more than the special-shaped pneumatic members requirement of aluminium alloy closing after shaping；
(2) the special-shaped pneumatic members size of aluminium alloy closing for shaping as needed, makes mould needed for superplastic forming, then to super
The die cavity for being moulded mould needed for shape carries out appropriate amplification processing according to the special-shaped pneumatic members size of aluminium alloy closing；After completing
Superplastic forming die have in the position of left air flue and right air flue and can feed the entrance of left and right push rod；
(3) the left air flue and the shape of right air flue of special-shaped pneumatic members are closed according to aluminium alloy, aluminium alloy pipe pre-bending is carried out, will
Aluminium alloy pipe after pre-bending should be put into the mold cavity of step (2) making；
(4) superplastic forming die that step (2) makes is heated, after reaching superplastic forming temperature, after step (3) pre-bending
Aluminium alloy pipe be put into superplastic forming die, left and right push rod is fed to superplastic forming die in left air flue and right air flue
Entrance, left and right push rod forms closed chamber with aluminium alloy pipe, and right push rod is provided with passage, by the passage on right push rod,
Connection closed chamber and the source of the gas in the external world, shape according to the pressure for changing over time of setting to the logical argon pressurization of aluminium alloy pipe,
Left and right push rod is moved to the sealing cavity direction of buffer gas simultaneously, will left air flue and annular seal space from right air flue to buffer gas
Feed supplement is carried out, superplastic forming is completed；
(5) the special-shaped pneumatic members of aluminium alloy closing that superplastic forming is completed to step (4) remove surplus using machining mode,
Then surface cleaning is carried out using alkali cleaning, pickling.
2. the special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of a kind of closing according to claim 1 pushes away swollen combined shaping method, it is characterised in that：
Aluminium alloy stock tubing described in step (1) is model 5083 or 5A06 wrought aluminium alloy tubing.
3. the special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of a kind of closing according to claim 1 pushes away swollen combined shaping method, it is characterised in that：
Step (2) is described to carry out appropriate amplification processing to mould needed for superplastic forming according to the special-shaped pneumatic members size of aluminium alloy closing
Super mould size amplification quantity is 3 ‰~7 ‰.
4. the special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of a kind of closing according to claim 1 pushes away swollen combined shaping method, it is characterised in that：
After the aluminium alloy pipe after pre-bending described in step (3) is put into the mold cavity made by step (2), aluminium alloy pipe and mould
Die cavity gap is 0.1~5mm.
5. the special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of a kind of closing according to claim 1 pushes away swollen combined shaping method, it is characterised in that：
Step (3) closes the left air flue and the shape of right air flue of special-shaped pneumatic members according to aluminium alloy, and aluminium conjunction is carried out using numerical controlled bending of pipe
Golden tubing pre-bending.
6. the special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of a kind of closing according to claim 1 pushes away swollen combined shaping method, it is characterised in that：
Superplastic forming temperature described in step (4) is 420~520 DEG C, and left and right push rod feed speed is 0.1~5mm/s, extraneous source of the gas
It is argon gas, argon pressure is 0.1~3MPa.
7. the special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of a kind of closing according to claim 1 pushes away swollen combined shaping method, it is characterised in that：
The material of mould needed for the superplastic forming is No. 45 steel or 304 stainless steels.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN201710161852.2A CN106881393A (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2017-03-17 | The special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of one kind closing pushes away swollen combined shaping method |
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| CN201710161852.2A CN106881393A (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2017-03-17 | The special-shaped pneumatic members high temperature of one kind closing pushes away swollen combined shaping method |
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| CN107876634A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-04-06 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | One kind closes special-shaped pneumatic members shaping school shape universal mold and component forming method |
| CN109604412A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-04-12 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy body built-in type air intake duct superplastic forming method |
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| CN107855398A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-03-30 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process for improving superplastic forming special-shaped barrel Thickness Distribution by pre- reversible deformation |
| CN107855398B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-09-10 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process improving superplastic forming special-shaped barrel Thickness Distribution by pre- reversible deformation |
| CN109604412A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-04-12 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy body built-in type air intake duct superplastic forming method |
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Application publication date: 20170623 |