CN106877930B - High-precision optical fiber frequency Transmission system - Google Patents
High-precision optical fiber frequency Transmission system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106877930B CN106877930B CN201710019313.5A CN201710019313A CN106877930B CN 106877930 B CN106877930 B CN 106877930B CN 201710019313 A CN201710019313 A CN 201710019313A CN 106877930 B CN106877930 B CN 106877930B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2589—Bidirectional transmission
- H04B10/25891—Transmission components
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/548—Phase or frequency modulation
Abstract
A kind of high-precision optical fiber frequency Transmission system, including PID circuit board, phase discriminator, photodetector, faraday rotator mirror, micro-wave light quantum phase shifter, 2 × 2 photo-couplers, circulator, from laser, frequency reference signal source, main laser transmitter, isolator, optical fiber link and time-frequency transceiver module, the present invention is on the basis of single fiber bi-directional returns error signal acquisition modes, fiber optic link noise compensation is carried out based on injection locking coherent detection and micro-wave light quantum phase shifter, to realize high-precision optical fiber frequency transmission, the frequency reference signal for accurately restoring local side can be held in distant.Two features of high-bandwidth response required for phase change and Larger Dynamic range can be realized simultaneously on a micro-wave light quantum phase shifter, device, help to mitigate system complexity, increase system stability and applicability.It can be applied to the fields such as light clock/atomic clock isochronon compares, frequency is transmitted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the transmission of high-precision frequency, especially a kind of high-precision optical fiber frequency Transmission system, main purpose is
The link noise of Frequency Transfer in optical fiber is compensated, to hold the frequency reference letter for accurately restoring local side in distant
Number, it can be applied to the fields such as light clock/atomic clock isochronon compares, frequency is transmitted.
Background technique
Frequency standard is the basis of the various important technologies of modern society, such as navigator fix, interconnected communication, physical constant
Accurate test etc..With the smooth research and development of the high precision clocks such as hydrogen clock, cold atomic clock, fountain clock, light clock, frequency standard precision is got over
Come that higher, technology is more and more mature, for example the frequency uncertainty of Cesium fountain microwave clock is smaller than 1E-15, atom light clock
Frequency stability and uncertainty be all up 1E-18 magnitude.On the other hand, with the space-baseds navigator fix such as GPS/ Beidou system
The development of system, time service, positioning accuracy are also required to constantly improve, to cope with the social demand to become increasingly complex.So needing
The comparison and distribution of higher precision are carried out to frequency standard, that is, need to carry out high-precision frequency transmission.Traditional frequency
Rate transmission is main to be completed by satellite, but the transmitting accuracy of this traditional approach, continuity and timeliness etc. have been difficult to completely
The higher and higher application demand of foot.Many labs research of the frequency transmission method based on optical fiber in recent years,
Experiments prove that transmission precision more higher than satellite can be obtained based on optical fiber.But optical fiber meeting during transmission frequency
It is influenced by environmental change, such as temperature change suffered by optical fiber etc., so as to cause frequency signal propagation delay time in a fiber
Variation, increase transmitted noise, also will result in the lower of frequency stability, so carrying out Frequency Transfer in a fiber, it is necessary to
These noises are inhibited or compensated, high-precision frequency transmission result could be obtained.
In order to carry out such noise suppressed and compensation, there has been proposed a variety of solutions.First technology one:
B.Wang,C.Gao,W.L.Chen,J.Miao,X.Zhu,Y.Bai,J.W.Zhang,Y.Y.Feng,T.C.Li,L.J.Wang."
Precise and Continuous Time and Frequency Synchronisation at the 5310-19
Accuracy Level [J] " SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 2012,2:556-560, it proposes based on electronics phaselocked loop
Noise compensation mode.This method first returns to the frequency signal that remote ground terminal is transmitted to from local side along original optical fiber link
Local side, and phase bit comparison is carried out with the frequency reference signal of local side, then obtain frequency signal and original frequency reference
The error signal that beat signal, i.e. frequency reference signal accumulate after round-trip transmission, then the error signal is filtered
The phase for passing through electronics phaselocked loop feedback control local side frequency signal itself afterwards, to realize frequency reference signal to be passed
Noise compensation.The noise suppressed of obvious this method can only require different frequency reference signals for frequency signal itself
Independent a set of noise suppression device, if needing to transmit a plurality of types of reference signals in a fiber, each reference
Signal requires the equipment that such a set of error signal obtains and adds phaselocked loop feedback compensation, for example needs to pass in the document
Defeated another way timing reference signal, it is necessary to which another set of independent error correction appts, this necessarily will increase system complexity.
First technology two: O.Lopez, A.Amy-Klein, C.Daussy, C.Chardonnet, F.Narbonneau,
M.Lours,G.Santarelli."86-km optical link with a resolution of 2x10(-18)for RF
Frequency transfer [J] " European Physical Journal D, 2008,48 (1): 35-41 proposes base
In the noise compensation mode of fibre delay line.This method is still returned using with the identical mode, that is, single fiber bi-directional of first technology one
Obtain error signal, but error signal is being to change optical fiber for controlling voltage-controlled fibre delay line after filtering processing
The length of delay line, to control propagation delay time of the frequency signal in fibre delay line according to transmitted noise, that is, to rear
Propagation delay time noise on continuous optical fiber link is pre-compensated for.Due to this method be to the true time delay of the transmission of entire optical fiber link into
Go stabilization, so only need such frequency signal all the way that the stabilization of link can be realized, it then can on the optical fiber link
Different frequency reference signals is much organized with transmission, and other frequency signals all no longer need to carry out special noise compensation.
But the fibre delay line used in this method is difficult to realize two features of high-bandwidth response and Larger Dynamic range simultaneously, so real
What is often used in the use process of border is all will have small dynamic range high-bandwidth response (piezoelectric ceramics control) and Larger Dynamic model
Two fibre delay lines for enclosing low bandwidth response (temperature control) feature are cascaded, and such result also results in system complex
The increase of degree, and since piezoelectric ceramics and temperature controlled fiber optic loop are very easy to cause Polarization Dependent Loss etc. some other
Problem limits the further promotion of system accuracy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of high-precision optical fiber frequency Transmission system, and the system is in single fiber bi-directional return error signal acquisition
On the basis of mode, noise compensation is carried out, it can be achieved that high-precision based on injection locking coherent detection and micro-wave light quantum phase shifter
The transmission of optical fiber frequency.
Technical solution of the invention is as follows:
A kind of high-precision optical fiber frequency Transmission system, it is characterized in that, including PID circuit board, phase discriminator, photodetection
Device, faraday rotator mirror, micro-wave light quantum phase shifter, 2 × 2 photo-couplers, circulator, from laser, frequency reference signal
Source, main laser transmitter, isolator, optical fiber link and time-frequency transceiver module；
The frequency reference signal source issues two-way frequency reference signal: first via transmitting local frequency reference signal enters mirror
The first input port of phase device, the second road frequency reference signal enters the microwave input port of the main laser transmitter, right
The laser of the main laser transmitter forms it into the output of the laser with modulation sideband, main laser transmitting after being modulated
The laser output of machine is connected through the isolator with the 3rd port of 2 × 2 photo-couplers, 2 × 2 photo-coupler
The 2nd port be connected with described from laser, the 1st port of 2 × 2 photo-coupler and the micro-wave light quantum phase shifter
2nd port is connected, and the light of the 2nd port output of the micro-wave light quantum phase shifter is reflected by the faraday rotator mirror, warp
The micro-wave light quantum phase shifter returns to the first port of 2 × 2 photo-couplers, and the light that two-way returns is using 2 × 2 light
Coupler, which closes Shu Houjing, to be crossed the 4th port of 2 × 2 photo-couplers and enters the first port of the circulator, then from circulator
The output of second port enter the optical fiber link and reach remote ground terminal, returned by the transceiver module of remote ground terminal through the light
Fine link, the second port of the circulator, third port enter the photodetector, visit through photodetector is relevant
It is formed after survey and the microwave signal of frequency reference signal same frequency, the microwave signal inputs the second input port of phase discriminator, it should
The phase difference of the more local frequency standard signal of phase discriminator and the microwave frequency signal of return, referred to as error signal, error letter
Control terminal input number after PID circuit filtering through the micro-wave light quantum phase shifter, microwave photon described in feedback control
The phase of main laser in phase shifter.Become to enable main laser and the beat signal phase tracking error signal from laser
Change, the transmitted noise of link is pre-compensated for, the laser signal that the transceiver module finally held in distant is received by demodulation
The frequency standard signal for accurately restoring local side can be held in distant.
The micro-wave light quantum phase shifter is PZT fibre delay line.
The features and advantages of the invention are:
1) micro-wave light quantum phase shifter that the present invention uses, directly changes the phase of frequency signal in optical frequency domain, and phase changes
Variable is also able to maintain higher responsive bandwidth much larger than the phase change amount in fibre delay line for microwave signal, this
Two features of high-bandwidth response required for phase change and Larger Dynamic range can be realized simultaneously on a device.
2) present invention is relative to two kinds of first technologies, noise suppressed from, based on different principles, used in terms of compensation
Different feedback executive components and mechanism.Without being related to complicated electronics locking phase processing circuit, complexity is not needed yet
Fast change and slow transformation control fibre delay line, help to increase system stability and applicability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is high-precision optical fiber Frequency Transfer system block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the invention will be further described, but protection model of the invention should not be limited with this
It encloses.
First referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is high-precision optical fiber Frequency Transfer system block diagram of the present invention, as seen from the figure, the present invention is high-precision
Spend optical fiber frequency Transmission system, including PID circuit board 11, phase discriminator 12, photodetector 13, faraday rotator mirror 14,
Micro-wave light quantum phase shifter 15,2 × 2 photo-couplers 16, circulator 17, from laser 18, frequency reference signal source 19, main laser hair
Penetrate machine 20, isolator 21, optical fiber link 22 and time-frequency transceiver module 30；
The frequency reference signal source 19 issues two-way frequency reference signal: first via transmitting local frequency reference signal 191
Into the first input port 121 of phase discriminator 12, the second road frequency reference signal 192 enters the main laser transmitter 20
Microwave input port 201 forms it into after being modulated to the laser of the main laser transmitter 20 with modulation sideband,
Laser output, the laser output 202 of the main laser transmitter 20 is through the isolator 21 and 2 × 2 photo-couplers
16 the 3rd port 163 is connected, and the 2nd port 162 of 2 × 2 photo-coupler 16 is connected with described from laser 18, this 2 × 2
1st port 161 of photo-coupler 16 is connected with the 2nd port 152 of the micro-wave light quantum phase shifter 15, the microwave photon phase shift
The light of the 1st port 151 output of device 15 is reflected by the faraday rotator mirror 14, through the micro-wave light quantum phase shifter
15 return to the first port 161 of 2 × 2 photo-couplers 16, and the light that two-way returns closes beam using 2 × 2 photo-couplers 16
Enter the first port 171 of the circulator 17 by the 4th port 164 of 2 × 2 photo-couplers 16 afterwards, then from circulator
17 second port 172 output reaches remote ground terminal into the optical fiber link 22, is returned by the transceiver module 30 of remote ground terminal
Successively enter through the optical fiber link 22, the second port 172 of the circulator 17, the third port 173 of circulator 17
The photodetector 13, forms after 13 coherent detection of photodetector and the microwave of frequency reference signal same frequency is believed
Number, the microwave signal through phase discriminator 12 the second input port 122 input, the phase discriminator 12 compare local frequency standard signal and
The phase difference of the microwave frequency signal of return, referred to as error signal, the error signal input institute after the filtering of PID circuit board 11
In the control terminal for the micro-wave light quantum phase shifter 15 stated, the phase of the main laser in micro-wave light quantum phase shifter 15 described in feedback control
Position, to enable main laser and the beat signal phase tracking error signal from laser and change, to the transmitted noise of link
It is pre-compensated for, the transceiver module finally held in distant can hold high-precision by the laser signal that demodulation receives in distant
The frequency standard signal of ground recovery local side.
The specific embodiment of high-precision optical fiber frequency Transmission system of the present invention is as follows:
The present embodiment is as shown in Figure 2.Electrooptic modulator EOM 205 and RIO slab guide exocoel LD 200 constitutes main laser
Transmitter 20, the first port 191 in the frequency reference signal source 19 of local side and the first input port of hmc439 phase discriminator 12
121 are connected, the second port 192 in frequency reference signal source 19 and the microwave signal input port 201 of electrooptic modulator EOM 205
It is connected, and the light input port 203 of EOM 205 is connected with RIO slab guide exocoel LD 200, the optical output port of EOM 205
202 are connected with the input port of isolator 21,163 phase of third port of the output port of isolator 21 and 2 × 2 photo-couplers 16
Connect, and the first port 161 of 2 × 2 photo-couplers 16 is connected with the second port 152 of PZT fibre delay line 150, PZT optical fiber prolongs
Slow line 150 serves as the function of micro-wave light quantum phase shifter 15, while its first port 151 is connected with faraday rotator mirror 14, and 2
The second port 162 of × 2 photo-couplers 16 is connected with as from the DFB LD 180 of laser 18, and the of 2 × 2 photo-couplers 16
Four ports 164 are connected with the first port 171 of circulator 17, the third port 173 of circulator 17 and the light of photodetector 13
Input port is connected, and the output port output microwave frequency signal of photodetector 13 is simultaneously defeated with the second of hmc439 phase discriminator 12
Inbound port 122 is connected, and the output port 123 of hmc439 phase discriminator 12 is connected with the input port of PID circuit board 11, and PID is electric
The output port of road plate 11 is connected with the control signal input mouth 153 of PZT fibre delay line 150；The second end of circulator 17
Mouthfuls 172 are connected with one end 221 of optical fiber 22, transmission link of the optical fiber 22 as microwave signal, the other end 222 of optical fiber 22 with far
The connection of time-frequency transceiver module 30 of ground terminal simultaneously returns to transmission frequency signal toward local side.Time-frequency transceiver module 30 in the present embodiment
By circulator 25, photodetector 24, microwave beam splitter 23, isolator 26, EOM 27, RIO slab guide exocoel LD 270, method
Rotating mirror 28,2 × 2 photo-couplers 29, DFB LD31 is drawn to collectively constitute.The other end 222 of optical fiber 22 in connection type
It is connected with the second input port 252 of remote ground terminal circulator 25, the third port 253 of circulator 25 and the light of photodetector 24
Input port is connected, and the microwave output port of photodetector 24 is connected with the input port 231 of microwave beam splitter 23, and microwave
First output port 232 of beam splitter 23 is transmitted through the frequency come as the frequency standard signal output port output local side of remote ground terminal
Rate standard signal, 271 phase of microwave input port of the second output terminal mouth 233 and electrooptic modulator EOM 27 of microwave beam splitter 23
Even, the light input port 273 of electrooptic modulator EOM 27 is connected with RIO slab guide exocoel LD 270, electrooptic modulator EOM
27 output port 272 is connected with the input port of isolator 26, and the output port of isolator 26 and 2 × 2 photo-couplers 29
The 4th port 294 be connected, the first port 291 of 2 × 2 photo-couplers 29 is connected with faraday rotator mirror 28,2 × 2 light
The second port 292 of coupler 29 is connected with as from the DFB LD 31 of laser, the third port of 2 × 2 photo-couplers 29
293 are connected with the first port 251 of circulator 25.
Due to light wave or the phase change of microwave signalIt can be indicated with the relationship of Delay Variation Δ t are as follows:
In formula, ν0Indicate the frequency of light wave or microwave signal.As can be seen that if since the noise of optical fiber 22 causes it
The phase change of the microwave frequency signal of middle transmissionNamely mean local side main laser and the phase difference from laser
ChangeIt so only needs to control micro-wave light quantum phase shifter in local side and (corresponds to PZT fibre delay line in the present embodiment
150) change main laser wavelength therein alsoMain laser can so be reached in optical fiber link 22 and from laserThe purpose that phase difference is pre-compensated for because at the same time into 2 × 2 photo-couplers 16 two ports 161 and 162 when
It waits, will not change from the wavelength of laser.It is microwave frequency (~10MHz-additionally, due to laser frequency (~193THz)
10GHz) 104~108Times, therefore the fiber lengths of PZT fibre delay line 150 only need to change common needle by control mechanism
To the 1/10 of microwave signal4~1/108Times, to have big dynamic range, another aspect PZT itself can achieve 10kHz's
Responsive bandwidth, so this system can be achieved at the same time the phase change of two features of high-bandwidth response and Larger Dynamic range.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of high-precision optical fiber frequency Transmission system, which is characterized in that including PID circuit board (11), phase discriminator (12), photoelectricity
Detector (13), faraday rotator mirror (14), micro-wave light quantum phase shifter (15), 2 × 2 photo-couplers (16), circulator
(17), from laser (18), frequency reference signal source (19), main laser transmitter (20), isolator (21), optical fiber link (22)
With time-frequency transceiver module (30)；
The frequency reference signal source (19) issues two-way frequency reference signal: first via transmitting local frequency reference signal (191)
Into the first input port (121) of phase discriminator (12), the second road frequency reference signal (192) enters the main laser and emits
The microwave input port (201) of machine (20) forms it into tool after being modulated to the laser of the main laser transmitter (20)
There is the laser of modulation sideband, to export, the laser output (202) of the main laser transmitter (20) through the isolator (21) with
3rd port (163) of 2 × 2 photo-couplers (16) is connected, the 2nd port (162) of 2 × 2 photo-coupler (16) and institute
The slave laser (18) stated is connected, the 1st port (161) of 2 × 2 photo-coupler (16) and the micro-wave light quantum phase shifter
(15) the 2nd port (152) is connected, and the light of the 2nd port (152) output of the micro-wave light quantum phase shifter (15) is by the farad
Rotating mirror (14) reflection returns to the of 2 × 2 photo-couplers (16) through the micro-wave light quantum phase shifter (15)
Single port (161), the light of return cross the 4th of 2 × 2 photo-couplers (16) using 2 × 2 photo-couplers (16) conjunction Shu Houjing
Port (164) enters the first port (171) of the circulator (17), then second port (172) from circulator (17)
Output enters the optical fiber link (22) and reaches remote ground terminal, is returned by the transceiver module (30) of remote ground terminal through the optical fiber chain
Road (22), the second port (172) of the circulator (17), the third port (173) of circulator (17) enter the light
Electric explorer (13) forms the microwave signal with frequency reference signal same frequency after photodetector (13) coherent detection, should
Microwave signal input phase discriminator (12) the second input port (122), the more local frequency standard signal of phase discriminator (12) and
The phase difference of the microwave frequency signal of return, referred to as error signal, the error signal input after PID circuit board (11) filter
Main laser in the control terminal of the micro-wave light quantum phase shifter (15), in micro-wave light quantum phase shifter described in feedback control (15)
Phase.
2. high-precision optical fiber frequency Transmission system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the microwave photon phase shift
Device (15) is PZT fibre delay line or acousto-optic modulator.
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| CN107490918B (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2019-09-20 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of ultra-low noise amplifier in optical frequency standard transmitting |
| CN108988948B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2021-06-01 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Coherent optical frequency transfer relay system and relay method |
| CN109995459A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-07-09 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of symmetrical structure for single fiber bi-directional information transmitter part |
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| CN113992274B (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2023-08-29 | 北京理工大学 | Silicon-based integrated high-precision radio frequency signal stable phase transmission chip, transmitting end and system |
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