CN106876743B - A kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure - Google Patents

A kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106876743B
CN106876743B CN201710156824.1A CN201710156824A CN106876743B CN 106876743 B CN106876743 B CN 106876743B CN 201710156824 A CN201710156824 A CN 201710156824A CN 106876743 B CN106876743 B CN 106876743B
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gas diffusion
fuel battery
diffusion layer
layer structure
copper
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CN106876743A (en
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周伟
刘瑞亮
邱清富
李双利
何平
黄婷婷
徐东升
庞浜
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Xiamen University
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Xiamen University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0206Metals or alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223Composites
    • H01M8/0226Composites in the form of mixtures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223Composites
    • H01M8/0228Composites in the form of layered or coated products
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structures, with a thickness of 3.0~5.0mm, including a basal layer and a microporous layers, the side of basal layer has gas flow, the other side is connected with microporous layers, and the material of basal layer is metal fiber felt, has copper-graphite alkene complex phase film in microporous layers.Fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure of the invention compared with prior art, has high mechanical strength, drainage, gas permeability, the advantages such as contact resistance is low.

Description

A kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure.
Background technique
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is ground as various countries in recent years as a kind of efficient, environmentally friendly power generator Study carefully the hot spot of exploitation.Its core component membrane electrode three-in-one (MEA) is usually led to by gas diffusion layers, Catalytic Layer and proton exchange membrane Heat pressing process is crossed to be prepared.Gas diffusion layers are made of conductive porous material, play support Catalytic Layer, collected current, biography The multiple actions such as conductive gas and discharge water, realize the reallocation of reaction gas and product water between flow field and Catalytic Layer, are Influence one of the critical component of electrode performance.Ideal gas diffusion layers should meet 3 conditions: good drainage, good Gas permeability and good electric conductivity.
Gas diffusion layers are usually made of basal layer and microporous layers.Basal layer is thick usually using porous carbon paper, carbon cloth About 100-400 μm of degree, it mainly plays a part of to support microporous layers and Catalytic Layer.Microporous layers are typically to improvement basal layer Pore structure and its surface production one layer of carbon dust layer, thickness is about 10-100 μm, usually will be after the smooth processing of basal layer On its surface by the preparation of the techniques such as silk-screen, blade coating, coating, sputtering, main function is reduced between Catalytic Layer and basal layer Contact resistance, so that gas and water is reallocated, prevent electrode catalyst layer " water logging ", while preventing Catalytic Layer in preparation process In leak into basal layer.In addition, metal mesh be used as gas diffusion layers base material research also have been reported, but its use it is smooth Wire production metal mesh makes the contact of basal layer and microporous layers poor, the too high in resistance of gas diffusion layers.Gas diffusion Channel is served as by the duct of the hydrophobicity by hydrophobic processing, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE) is common hydrophober, and without Serve as the transmission channels of product water in the hydrophilic duct of hydrophobic processing.The gas diffusion layers of this method preparation are higher due to price And technology is mostly monopolized by foreign countries, and internal fuel cell gas diffusion layer industrial application is caused to be made slow progress.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome prior art defect, a kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure is provided.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure, with a thickness of 3.0~5.0mm, including a basal layer and a microporous layers, base The side of bottom has gas flow, and the other side is connected with microporous layers, and the material of basal layer is metal fiber felt, has in microporous layers There is copper-graphite alkene complex phase film;Preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) cutting prepares metallic fiber, which is filled into mold, and Low Temperature Solid-Phase sintering process is used after pressurization Preparation forms metal fiber felt;
(2) above-mentioned metal fiber felt is immersed after molten state polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and takes out cooled to room temperature formation metal fibre Felt-ptfe composite is tieed up, then gas flow is milled out in one side under the protection of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), then exists Hydrophobicity processing is completed while partially removing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) under vacuum high-temperature sintering, obtains the base that side has gas flow Bottom;
(3) by the other side of above-mentioned basal layer immerse temperature be carried out in 45~55 DEG C of copper plating baths Electroless copper 25~ 35min is then cleaned by ultrasonic in ethyl alcohol, is then immersed in the graphene dispersing solution that concentration is 0.1~0.4wt% and precipitates graphite Alkene 25~35min of piece obtains copper-graphite alkene complex phase film;
(4) step (3) are repeated until obtaining the copper-graphite alkene complex phase film of specified thickness, the microporous layers is made.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the microporous layers with a thickness of 0.05~0.15mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the depth of the gas flow is 2.5~3.0mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the equivalent diameter of the metallic fiber is 0.01~0.03mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the length of the metallic fiber is 10~15mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the Low Temperature Solid-Phase sintering process specifically: be lower than the metal Vacuum-sintering is carried out to the metallic fiber after pressurization at a temperature of 30~50 DEG C of fusing point of fiber, by violent in metallic fiber Molecule diffusion motion connected with periphery material.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the partial size of the copper particle obtained in the Electroless copper is about 0.03~0.07mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the graphene film thickness is about 0.02~0.05mm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure of the invention compared with prior art, has machine The advantages such as tool intensity is high, drainage, gas permeability, and contact resistance is low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of the metallic fiber in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the outside drawing of the metal fiber felt in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further explained and described below by way of specific embodiment combination attached drawing.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure, with a thickness of 3.0~5.0mm, including 1 He of a basal layer One with a thickness of 0.05~0.15mm microporous layers 2, it is the gas flow 11 of 2.5~3.0mm that the side of basal layer 1, which has depth, The other side is connected with microporous layers 2, and the material of basal layer 1 is metal fiber felt, has copper-graphite alkene complex phase film in microporous layers 2;Its Preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) cutting prepares metallic fiber, which is filled to 40.00mm × 30.00mm × 4.35mm rectangle It in mold, prepares to form metal fiber felt as shown in Figure 3 using Low Temperature Solid-Phase sintering process after pressurization, above-mentioned metallic fiber is as schemed Shown in 2, equivalent diameter is 0.01~0.03mm, and length is 10~15mm;The Low Temperature Solid-Phase sintering process specifically: be lower than Vacuum-sintering is carried out to the metallic fiber after pressurization at a temperature of 30~50 DEG C of fusing point of the metallic fiber, passes through metallic fiber In violent molecule diffusion motion connected with periphery material;
(2) above-mentioned metal fiber felt is immersed after molten state polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and takes out cooled to room temperature formation metal fibre Felt-ptfe composite is tieed up, then gas flow is milled out in one side under the protection of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), then exists Hydrophobicity processing is completed while partially removing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) under vacuum high-temperature sintering, obtains the base that side has gas flow Bottom;
(3) by the other side of above-mentioned basal layer immerse temperature be carried out in 45~55 DEG C of copper plating baths Electroless copper 25~ 35min is then cleaned by ultrasonic in ethyl alcohol, is then immersed in the graphene dispersing solution that concentration is 0.1~0.4wt% and precipitates graphite Alkene 25~35min of piece obtains copper-graphite alkene complex phase film;The partial size of the copper particle obtained in above-mentioned Electroless copper is about 0.03~0.07mm, above-mentioned graphene film with a thickness of 0.02~0.05mm;
(4) step (3) are repeated until obtaining the copper-graphite alkene complex phase film of specified thickness, the microporous layers is made.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the range that the present invention that therefore, it cannot be limited according to is implemented, i.e., Equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the invention and the contents of the specification should still be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure, it is characterised in that: with a thickness of 3.0~5.0mm, including a basal layer and one The side of microporous layers, basal layer has gas flow, and the other side is connected with microporous layers, and the material of basal layer is metal fiber felt, There is copper-graphite alkene complex phase film in microporous layers;Preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) cutting prepares metallic fiber, which is filled into mold, is prepared after pressurization using Low Temperature Solid-Phase sintering process Form metal fiber felt;
(2) above-mentioned metal fiber felt is immersed after molten state polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and takes out cooled to room temperature formation metallic fiber Felt-ptfe composite then mills out gas flow in one side under the protection of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), then true Hydrophobicity processing is completed while partially removing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) under empty high temperature sintering, obtains the substrate that side has gas flow Layer;
(3) by the other side of above-mentioned basal layer immerse temperature be carried out in 45~55 DEG C of copper plating baths Electroless copper 25~ 35min is then cleaned by ultrasonic in ethyl alcohol, is then immersed in the graphene dispersing solution that concentration is 0.1~0.4wt% and precipitates graphite Alkene 25~35min of piece obtains copper-graphite alkene complex phase film;
(4) step (3) are repeated until obtaining the copper-graphite alkene complex phase film of specified thickness, the microporous layers is made.
2. a kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the thickness of the microporous layers For 0.05~0.15mm.
3. a kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the depth of the gas flow Degree is 2.5~3.0mm.
4. a kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the metallic fiber is worked as Amount diameter is 0.01~0.03mm.
5. a kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the length of the metallic fiber Degree is 10~15mm.
6. a kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Low Temperature Solid-Phase sintering Method specifically: lower than 30~50 DEG C of fusing point of the metallic fiber at a temperature of vacuum burning is carried out to the metallic fiber after pressurization Knot, is connected by the violent molecule diffusion motion in metallic fiber with periphery material.
7. a kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Electroless copper The partial size of the copper particle of middle acquisition is 0.03~0.07mm.
8. a kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the graphene film thickness For 0.02~0.05mm.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107293765A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-10-24 韦德永 A kind of fuel battery gas diffusion layer structure
CN109898362A (en) * 2019-02-28 2019-06-18 华南理工大学 A kind of high-performance carbon fibre paper of non-polymer binder and preparation method thereof
CN110061256A (en) * 2019-03-16 2019-07-26 洛阳师范学院 A kind of diffusion layer structure of fuel cell
CN110492124B (en) * 2019-07-17 2020-11-13 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 High-conductivity hydrophobic gas diffusion layer and preparation method thereof
CN111540921A (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-08-14 南京格致高新环保技术有限公司 Fuel cell gas diffusion layer integrated with flow field and preparation method thereof
CN114899417B (en) * 2022-04-28 2023-12-29 一汽解放汽车有限公司 Fuel cell gas diffusion layer and preparation method thereof
CN115663211B (en) * 2022-11-11 2023-09-29 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 Gas diffusion layer and fuel cell

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101662031A (en) * 2008-08-04 2010-03-03 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 Gas diffusion layer with lower gas diffusivity
CN102082277A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-06-01 上海交通大学 Metal gas diffusion layer used for fuel cell and preparation method thereof
WO2014030553A1 (en) * 2012-08-24 2014-02-27 東レ株式会社 Gas-diffusion electrode base material for fuel cell

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101662031A (en) * 2008-08-04 2010-03-03 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 Gas diffusion layer with lower gas diffusivity
CN102082277A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-06-01 上海交通大学 Metal gas diffusion layer used for fuel cell and preparation method thereof
WO2014030553A1 (en) * 2012-08-24 2014-02-27 東レ株式会社 Gas-diffusion electrode base material for fuel cell

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Application publication date: 20170620

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Contract record no.: X2024980009821

Denomination of invention: A gas diffusion layer structure for fuel cells

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Record date: 20240801