CN203481322U - Gas diffusion layer of proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Google Patents
Gas diffusion layer of proton exchange membrane fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN203481322U CN203481322U CN201320425225.2U CN201320425225U CN203481322U CN 203481322 U CN203481322 U CN 203481322U CN 201320425225 U CN201320425225 U CN 201320425225U CN 203481322 U CN203481322 U CN 203481322U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a gas diffusion layer of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The gas diffusion layer comprises a substrate and a micro-porous layer, wherein a porous metal net is adopted as the substrate; an electroplating layer is arranged on the surface of the porous metal net; the pore diameter of the porous metal net is 0.076-0.4mm; the thickness of the porous metal net is 0.01-0.4mm; the surface of a carbon fiber fabric is coated with the micro-porous layer through carbon black paste; the substrate and the micro-porous layer are overlapped and pressed to form an integrated body. The gas diffusion layer has the advantages of simple process and convenience in operation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, is specifically related to the gas diffusion layers of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.
Background technology
Gas diffusion layers is one of important core parts of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, plays the effect of aqueous vapor transmission, support Catalytic Layer and collected current in membrane electrode, therefore, plays key effect in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.Gas diffusion layers forms and comprises substrate and microporous layers.At present, the substrate of gas diffusion layer for fuel cell both at home and abroad adopts carbon fiber to prepare carbon paper or carbon cloth more, substrate is carried out after the preliminary treatment such as hydrophobic, leveling, and in its surface preparation microporous layers, preparation method is mainly by techniques such as silk-screen, blade coating, sprayings.Gas diffusion layers substrate preparation technology prepared by the method is loaded down with trivial details, price is higher, every square metre of import price is about 300 U.S. dollars, and carbon paper market major part captured by Japanese Toray company, German SGL company, Canadian Ballard company, has a strong impact on the development of domestic diffusion layer.
In prior art, patent publication No. CN101140990A, name are called a kind of electric pole gaseous diffusion layer in the application of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, adopt wire netting to support carbon dust and hydrophobic organic compound, as electric pole gaseous diffusion layer.Preparation method is by carbon dust and hydrophobic organic compound leveling for the surface, one or both sides of wire netting, through 290-380 ℃ of high-temperature process under inert gas shielding, obtains electric pole gaseous diffusion layer.Wherein the preparation method of microporous layers is to adopt the method for spraying, dip coated, blade coating or silk screen printing to be directly prepared in substrate surface, and roasting together.Shortcomings part: the method that 1. this technology adopts wire netting to support carbon dust is processed metal surface, due to wire netting surface smoother, carbon dust adhesion is not strong, easily come off, in use procedure, under the impact of water and air flow, carbon dust is more easily peeled off, the carbon dust peeling off is easy blocking microporous layer pore, affect the transmission of membrane electrode aqueous vapor, and then affect membrane electrode performance.2. the metallic substrates of this technology need be carried out hydrophobic treatment, and hydrophobic treatment needs high temperature sintering on the one hand, and for preventing that metallic substrates is oxidized and need passes into inert gas shielding under hot conditions, complex process, consuming time more of a specified duration, be unfavorable for producing; Hydrophobic treatment can reduce the conductivity of wire netting on the other hand.3. this technology adopts in the method for wire netting surface direct spraying, dip coated, blade coating or silk screen printing and prepares microporous layers, and first, the method is had relatively high expectations to the aperture of wire netting, and aperture can not be excessive, otherwise seepage easily occurs slurry; Secondly, wire netting need carry out double sintering together with microporous layers, under the condition of general atmosphere not, may cause partial oxidation; Again, directly on wire netting, prepare microporous layers, troublesome poeration, is unfavorable for producing.Patent publication No. CN1323455C, name are called in a kind of electrochemical generating unit the manufacture method of conduction and gas diffusion layer material, and processing step is: (1) chooses organic film as binding agent, in film underlay layer of metal or the heating of nonmetal silk screen; (2) carbon fiber of the fine base of polypropylene is evenly scattered in to the hot pressing on semi-vitreous organic film of step (1), forms structural material-diffusion layer; (3) conducting powder and required other materials are mixed into conducting powder slurry, by the method for printing, conducting powder slurry are transferred to step (2) object equably---on diffusion layer one or both sides, dry; (4) by one or more pieces hot pressing pressurizations of step (3) object, make conduction and gas diffusion layer material.Its diffusion layer base material is carbon fibre material.Shortcomings part: 1. this technology adopts carbon fibre material as substrate, and price is higher, and carbon fibre material is mainly carbon paper or carbon cloth, very easily damages, and transportation is had relatively high expectations in use procedure.Patent publication No. CN102082277 B, a kind of metal gas diffusion layer for fuel cell and preparation method thereof, main contents are: by the method for vacuum high-temperature sintering, prepare stainless steel short fiber sintering felt, then adopt closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering ion plating technique once preparing chromium layer and graphite linings through on pretreated stainless steel short fiber sintering felt, adopt again polytetrafluoroethylene to carry out hydrophobic processing to plated film stainless steel short fiber sintering felt integral body, finally adopt ultrasonic concussion method to carry out surperficial carbon dust coating, obtain the metal gas diffusion layer for fuel cell.Shortcomings part: metallic matrix complicated operation prepared by the method, on metallic fiber, adopt ion plating to prepare interlayer and graphite linings, price is higher.Polytetrafluoroethylene carries out hydrophobic treatment to metal surface, can affect the conductivity of metal.
Utility model content
The utility model is intended to overcome the defect of prior art, and used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell gas diffusion layers is provided, and has technique simple, easy to operate advantage.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides following technical scheme:
The gas diffusion layers of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, comprise substrate and microporous layers, described substrate is expanded metal, and described porous metals net surface is provided with electrodeposited coating, described porous metals screen distance is 0.076-0.4 millimeter, and expanded metal thickness is 0.01-0.4 millimeter; Described microporous layers is coated on carbon fibre fabric surface by carbon black slurry, after substrate and microporous layers are overlapping, by pressing, is integrated.
Described porous metals silk screen is a kind of in punching net, mesh grid, stretching nets, laser drilling net, line cutting net, powder metallurgy net, casting net, injection moulding net, foam web.
Described expanded metal material is a kind of in titanium, nickel, stainless steel, gold, silver net, laser drilling titanium plate, nickel plate.
Described electrodeposited coating surface is: a kind of in plating carbon, titanium, titanium nitride, chromium nitride, carbon chromium nitride, gold, black zinc, black nickel.
The preparation method of the gas diffusion layers of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, comprises the steps:
(1) porous metals net surface is carried out to surface treatment;
(2) carbon black, dispersant and water wetted material are mixed with after finely dispersed slurry, interpolation water-repelling agent, water wetted material, pore creating material, thickener are prepared into slurry in the carbon black slurry with viscosity; Wherein, adding substance weight ratio is carbon black 2～5: dispersant 0.6～3: water-repelling agent 0.35～3.5: water wetted material 0.2～5: pore creating material 0.2～5: thickener 10～50;
Wherein carbon black is one or more in Ketjen black, acetylene black, Cabot XC-72R, Peal blackberry, conductive black, graphite powder, Graphene, carbon nano-tube, expanded graphite;
Dispersant is one or more in polyethylene glycol iso-octyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan ether stearate, AEO;
Water-repelling agent is one or more the mixed solution in segregation tetrafluoroethene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene solution;
Water wetted material is one or more mixing in silicon dioxide, alumina powder, alumina fibre powder;
Pore creating material is one or more mixing in ammonium chloride, carbonic hydroammonium, ammonium oxalate;
Thickener is one or more mixing in sodium cellulose glycolate, polyethylene glycol;
(3) adopt silk screen printing/blade coating mode to prepare on carbon fibre fabric in the carbon black slurry of preparation, dry sintering and make microporous layers;
(4) the porous metals silk screen after the microporous layers of sintering and one or more layers are processed superimposed after, suppress, prepare and take the gas diffusion layers that woven wire is substrate.
Wherein step (3) carbon fibre fabric thickness is 0.002-0.05 millimeter, and it is 0.03-0.15 millimeter that microporous layers is prepared thickness, and sintering temperature is 200 ℃-400 ℃.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following beneficial effect:
1. adopt porous metal material to replace carbon fibre material etc. as diffusion layer substrate, have material source extensive, preparation technology is simple, cheap, and higher mechanical strength is difficult for brokenly, can effectively play a supporting role, and has good electric conductivity.
2. this porous metal material aperture requires lowlyer have homogeneity, and has prevented that slurry is penetrated into the phenomenon of substrate, can not occur to occur that condensate causes the phenomenon of water logging in the materials such as carbon paper/carbon cloth; Pore diameter range is beneficial to aqueous vapor transmission, does not need it to carry out hydrophobic treatment, has prevented the oxidation that high temperature sintering causes porous metals, has reduced preparation technology.
3. water-repelling agent adds polytetrafluoroethylene to reduce the conductivity of base material.
4. adopt microporous layers and porous metal material to prepare respectively, adopt pressing mode to prepare gas diffusion layers, be conducive to large-scale production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the gas diffusion layers of the utility model Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells;
Fig. 2 is membrane electrode polarization scan figure prepared by the utility model woven wire diffusion layer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present utility model is described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for description and interpretation the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, the gas diffusion layers of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, comprises substrate 1 and microporous layers 2, described substrate 1 is expanded metal, described porous metals net surface is provided with electrodeposited coating 11, and described porous metals screen distance is 0.05-0.4 millimeter, and expanded metal thickness is 0.01-0.4 millimeter; Described microporous layers 2 is coated on carbon fibre fabric surface by carbon black slurry 21, after substrate and microporous layers are overlapping, by pressing, is integrated.Described porous metals silk screen is a kind of in punching net, mesh grid, stretching nets, laser drilling net, line cutting net, powder metallurgy net, casting net, injection moulding net, foam web.
Described expanded metal material is a kind of in titanium, nickel, stainless steel, gold, silver net, laser drilling titanium plate, nickel plate.
Described electrodeposited coating surface is: a kind of in plating carbon, titanium, titanium nitride, chromium nitride, carbon chromium nitride, gold, black zinc, black nickel.
The preparation method one of the gas diffusion layers of the utility model Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is as follows:
(1) adopting aperture is 0.15mm, and the nickel screen that thickness is 0.2mm is as substrate, and after its surface is cleaned, adopting vacuum vapour deposition is the carbon of 0.003 millimeter in its plated surface a layer thickness, is prepared into the substrate of gas diffusion layers.
(2) 1. take 10g acetylene black, adopt the mode of cell pulverization that it is scattered in the polyethylene glycol iso-octyl phenyl ether of 40ml 5% gradually; 2. take the PTFE solution of 7.14g 60%, add after 4g water dilution, dropwise add 1. in acetylene black slurry, be mixed with PTFE carrying capacity and be 30% slurry; 3. get and claim silicon dioxide 8g, 2. ammonium chloride 8g, be dissolved in; 4. get 20g PEG-600 be added dropwise to above-mentioned 3. in, after dropwising, ultrasonic 30min, makes carbon black slurry.
(3) adopt the mode of blade coating to prepare microporous layers on the carbon fibre fabric of 0.003 millimeters thick in the carbon black slurry of preparation, microporous layers blade coating thickness is 0.1 millimeter, and the complete microporous layers of blade coating is placed in to 340 ℃ of sintering furnace sintering 30min.
(4) by the microporous layers of preparation and one deck porous metal material after surface treatment superimposed after, pressing 2min under 110 ℃, the condition of 0.5MPa, the gas diffusion layers that can to obtain take porous metals be substrate.
(5) anode and cathode carrying capacity is to 0.4mg/cm
2catalyst-coated film and the gas diffusion layers combination of metallic substrates after, at 110 ℃, membrane electrode is prepared in pressing.
(6) membrane electrode that adopts woven wire diffusion layer to prepare is carried out to monocell polarization scan (as Fig. 2), wherein test condition is: 45 ℃ of battery temperatures, H2 pressure 0.04MPa, air metering is than being 8.2, anode and cathode humidification temperature is respectively 20 ℃, humidification not, and anode adopts dead-end test mode.
The preparation method two of the gas diffusion layers of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is as follows:
(1) adopting aperture is 0.3mm, and the nickel screen that thickness is 0.15mm, as substrate, after its surface is cleaned, adopts vacuum vapour deposition to be about the carbon of 0.003 millimeter in its plated surface a layer thickness, obtains the substrate of gas diffusion layers.
(2) 1. take 15g acetylene black, adopt the mode of cell pulverization that it is scattered in the polyethylene glycol iso-octyl phenyl ether of 90ml 3% gradually; 2. take the PTFE solution of 6.24g 60%, add after 3g water dilution, dropwise add 1. in acetylene black slurry, be mixed with PTFE carrying capacity and be 20% slurry; 3. get and claim silicon dioxide 9g, 2. ammonium chloride 9g, be dissolved in; 4. get 36g PEG-600 be added dropwise to above-mentioned 3. in, after dropwising, ultrasonic 30min, makes carbon black slurry.
(3) adopt the mode of blade coating to prepare microporous layers on the carbon fibre fabric of 0.006 millimeters thick in the carbon black slurry of preparation, microporous layers blade coating thickness is 0.12 millimeter, and the complete microporous layers of blade coating is placed in to 340 ℃ of sintering furnace sintering 30min.
(4) by the microporous layers of preparation and one deck porous metal material after surface treatment superimposed after, pressing 2min under 110 ℃, the condition of 0.5MPa, the gas diffusion layers that both can to have obtained take porous metals be substrate.
(5) anode and cathode carrying capacity is to 0.4mg/cm
2catalyst-coated film and the gas diffusion layers combination of metallic substrates after, at 110 ℃, membrane electrode is prepared in pressing.
(6) membrane electrode that adopts woven wire diffusion layer to prepare is carried out to monocell polarization scan, wherein test condition is: 45 ℃ of battery temperatures, and H2 pressure 0.04MPa, air metering is than being 8.2, anode and cathode humidification temperature is respectively 20 ℃, humidification not, and anode adopts dead-end test mode.
The foregoing is only explanation execution mode of the present utility model; be not limited to the utility model; for a person skilled in the art; all within spirit of the present utility model and principle; any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (4)
1. the gas diffusion layers of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, comprise substrate and microporous layers, it is characterized in that: described substrate is expanded metal, described porous metals net surface is provided with electrodeposited coating, described porous metals screen distance is 0.076-0.4 millimeter, and expanded metal thickness is 0.01-0.4 millimeter; Described microporous layers is coated on carbon fibre fabric surface by carbon black slurry, after substrate and microporous layers are overlapping, by pressing, is integrated.
2. the gas diffusion layers of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described porous metals silk screen is a kind of in punching net, mesh grid, stretching nets, laser drilling net, line cutting net, powder metallurgy net, casting net, injection moulding net, foam web.
3. the gas diffusion layers of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described expanded metal material is a kind of in titanium, nickel, stainless steel, gold, silver net, laser drilling titanium plate, nickel plate.
4. the gas diffusion layers of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described electrodeposited coating surface is: a kind of in plating carbon, titanium, titanium nitride, chromium nitride, carbon chromium nitride, gold, black zinc, black nickel.
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| CN201320425225.2U CN203481322U (en) | 2013-07-17 | 2013-07-17 | Gas diffusion layer of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110061256A (en) * | 2019-03-16 | 2019-07-26 | 洛阳师范学院 | A kind of diffusion layer structure of fuel cell |
| CN112838233A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-05-25 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell gas diffusion layer, electrode, membrane electrode assembly, single cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN112993265A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Gas diffusion layer for fuel cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN114142046A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-04 | 东睦新材料集团股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing metal support plate for fuel cell |
| CN114934290A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-08-23 | 氢克新能源技术(上海)有限公司 | Gas diffusion layer and processing technology thereof |
| WO2023117694A1 (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-06-29 | Ekpo Fuel Cell Technologies Gmbh | Fuel cell device with flat component, and method for producing a fuel cell device with flat component, and system therefor |
-
2013
- 2013-07-17 CN CN201320425225.2U patent/CN203481322U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110061256A (en) * | 2019-03-16 | 2019-07-26 | 洛阳师范学院 | A kind of diffusion layer structure of fuel cell |
| CN112993265A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Gas diffusion layer for fuel cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN112838233A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-05-25 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell gas diffusion layer, electrode, membrane electrode assembly, single cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN114142046A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-04 | 东睦新材料集团股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing metal support plate for fuel cell |
| WO2023117694A1 (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-06-29 | Ekpo Fuel Cell Technologies Gmbh | Fuel cell device with flat component, and method for producing a fuel cell device with flat component, and system therefor |
| CN114934290A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-08-23 | 氢克新能源技术(上海)有限公司 | Gas diffusion layer and processing technology thereof |
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Address after: 215347, 1 floor, Tsinghua Science and Technology Park incubator building, 1666 Reed Road South, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Kunshan Co-patentee after: Jiangsu Yanchang sanglaite new energy Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: KUNSHAN INNOVATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF NANJING University Address before: 215347, 1 floor, Tsinghua Science and Technology Park incubator building, 1666 Reed Road South, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Kunshan Co-patentee before: KUNSHAN SUNLAITE NEW ENERGY Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: KUNSHAN INNOVATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF NANJING University |
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