CN106876569B - Electrothermal module - Google Patents
Electrothermal module Download PDFInfo
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- CN106876569B CN106876569B CN201510909644.7A CN201510909644A CN106876569B CN 106876569 B CN106876569 B CN 106876569B CN 201510909644 A CN201510909644 A CN 201510909644A CN 106876569 B CN106876569 B CN 106876569B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/80—Constructional details
- H10N10/82—Connection of interconnections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
- H10N10/17—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the structure or configuration of the cell or thermocouple forming the device
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of electrothermal module, including an at least PN junction element.PN junction element includes PN junction structure, multiple top electrodes and at least once electrode.PN junction structure includes N-type thermoelectric mechanism and p-type thermoelectric mechanism, and wherein the N-type thermoelectric mechanism side opposite with p-type thermoelectric mechanism connects.Top electrode is separated from each other and is covered each by the portion of upper surface of N-type thermoelectric mechanism or the portion of upper surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism.The lower surface of lower electrode covering N-type thermoelectric mechanism and the lower surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism.Electrothermal module provided by the invention, can effectively hoisting module efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrothermal module more particularly to a kind of electrothermal modules of lateral output voltage.
Background technique
Many industries need to expend mass energy in the fabrication process and generate considerable heat, cause a large amount of energy waste.
General electrothermal module can utilize thermo-electric generation, the advantage is that the little and maintenance cost that takes up space is low, therefore be adapted to
Recycling industry waste heat is to avoid energy waste.
However, general Conventional thermoelectric module only generates the electric field parallel with temperature difference direction, p-type and N in module are not easily passed through
Type thermoelectric mechanism size changes to adjust the thermoelectricity efficiency of module, it is therefore desirable to concatenate the thermoelectric material of a large amount of p-type and N-type
Higher output voltage can be obtained under the fixed temperature difference.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of electrothermal module, can effectively hoisting module efficiency.
The present invention provides a kind of electrothermal module, including at least one PN junction element.PN junction element includes PN junction structure, multiple
Top electrode and at least one lower electrode.PN junction structure includes N-type thermoelectric mechanism and p-type thermoelectric mechanism, wherein N-type thermoelectric mechanism
The side opposite with p-type thermoelectric mechanism connects.Top electrode be separated from each other and be covered each by N-type thermoelectric mechanism portion of upper surface or
The portion of upper surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism.The lower surface of lower electrode covering N-type thermoelectric mechanism and the lower surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, N-type thermoelectric mechanism and p-type thermoelectric mechanism can
For semiconductor material, electric charge carrier concentration is, for example, between 1018cm-3To 1021cm-3Between.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, the material of N-type thermoelectric mechanism can be BiTe system
Thermoelectric material, PbTe pyroelectric material or SiGe pyroelectric material.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, the material of p-type thermoelectric mechanism can be BiTe system
Thermoelectric material, PbTe pyroelectric material or SiGe pyroelectric material.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, top electrode can be respectively with lower electrode material
The conductive material of metal or metal composite.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, N-type thermoelectric mechanism and p-type thermoelectric mechanism
Shape can be respectively strip, arcuation or ring-type.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, N-type thermoelectric mechanism and p-type thermoelectric mechanism can
Group into strips, arcuation or ring-type.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, N-type thermoelectric mechanism and p-type thermoelectric mechanism divide
Not Wei arcuation or ring-type or N-type thermoelectric mechanism and p-type thermoelectric mechanism form arcuation or it is cyclic annular when, PN junction element can be applied to
Tubular heat source.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, the shape of top electrode and lower electrode respectively can
For strip, arcuation or ring-type.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, lower electrode in a PN junction element
Quantity can be one, and be completely covered or partially cover the lower surface of N-type thermoelectric mechanism and the lower surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, the quantity of PN junction structure can be multiple and divide
From setting, and in two neighboring PN junction structure, the upper surface of the N-type thermoelectric mechanism being separated from each other is upper with p-type thermoelectric mechanism
Surface is connected by the top electrode, and adjacent lower electrode is not in contact with each other.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, lower electrode in a PN junction element
Quantity can be multiple, and lower electrode is separated from each other and is covered each by the portion lower surface or part p-type heat of part N-type thermoelectric mechanism
The portion lower surface of electric components.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, in the same PN junction element, lower electrode it
Between can have expose N-type thermoelectric mechanism portion lower surface and p-type thermoelectric mechanism portion lower surface opening.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, the quantity of PN junction structure can be multiple and divide
From setting, and the upper surface of the N-type thermoelectric mechanism in a PN junction structure and the lower surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism pass through respectively
Top electrode and lower electrode are connected to the upper surface of the p-type thermoelectric mechanism of side and the lower surface of N-type thermoelectric mechanism.
According to the N-type thermoelectricity structure described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, in a PN junction structure
The lower surface of part and the upper surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism are connected to the p-type thermoelectricity of the other side by lower electrode and top electrode respectively
The lower surface of component and the upper surface of N-type thermoelectric mechanism.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, the connection type of top electrode and PN junction structure
It can be attached by solder or directly pressing.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, the connection type of lower electrode and PN junction structure
It can be attached by solder or directly pressing.
According to described in one embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned electrothermal module, in the same PN junction element, top electrode it
Between can have expose N-type thermoelectric mechanism portion of upper surface and p-type thermoelectric mechanism portion of upper surface opening.
Based in above-mentioned, proposed by the invention electrothermal module, opposite by N-type thermoelectric mechanism and p-type thermoelectric mechanism
The design and top electrode that side connects are separated from each other and are covered each by the portion of upper surface or p-type thermoelectricity structure of N-type thermoelectric mechanism
The set-up mode of the portion of upper surface of part can produce the transverse temperature gradient in the temperature difference direction perpendicular to cold end and hot end
Two-dimension temperature gradient is formed in PN junction structure, therefore can have the effect of guiding carrier, so that can obtain under the fixed temperature difference
To bigger output voltage, with hoisting module efficiency.
To make the foregoing features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, special embodiment below, and it is detailed to cooperate attached drawing to make
Carefully it is described as follows.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of third embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of fourth embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of fifth embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of sixth embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of seventh embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of eighth embodiment of the invention.
Description of symbols:
100,700:PN ties element；
200,300,400,500,600,800: electrothermal module；
102:PN junction structure；
104:N type thermoelectric mechanism；
106:P type thermoelectric mechanism；
107,109: opening；
108: top electrode；
110: lower electrode；
L1, L2, L3: load；
HT: tubular heat source.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 1 is please referred to, electrothermal module includes at least one PN junction element 100.In this embodiment, electrothermal module is to wrap
It includes for a PN junction element 100 and is illustrated, that is, the minimum that a PN junction element 100 can be used as electrothermal module is single
Member, but the present invention is not limited thereto.In other embodiments, electrothermal module also may include multiple PN junction elements 100.
One PN junction element 100 includes a PN junction structure 102, multiple top electrodes 108 and at least one lower electrode
110.In the first embodiment, be by a PN junction element 100 include a lower electrode 110 for be illustrated, but the present invention
It is not limited.In other embodiments, a PN junction element 100 also may include multiple lower electrodes 110.
PN junction structure 102 includes N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106, and N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type are hot
The opposite side of electric components 106 connects.It in this embodiment, is opposite with N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106
Side is illustrated for connecting completely, but invention is not limited thereto.N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 can
For semiconductor material, electric charge carrier concentration is, for example, between 1018cm-3To 1021cm-3Between.When the charge of semiconductor material carries
Sub- concentration is higher than 1021cm-3, then Xi Beike (Seebeck) coefficient is too low.When electric charge carrier concentration is lower than 1018cm-3, then resistivity
It is too high.N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 can be room temperature thermoelectric material (such as BiTe pyroelectric material), warm thermoelectric material (such as PbTe system heat
Electric material) or high-temperature thermoelectric material (such as SiGe pyroelectric material).The material of p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 can be room temperature thermoelectric material
(such as BiTe pyroelectric material), warm thermoelectric material (such as PbTe pyroelectric material) or high-temperature thermoelectric material (such as SiGe system thermoelectricity
Material).However, the present invention is not limited with the material of above-mentioned N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106, any thermoelectricity
Its electric charge carrier concentration of material system is all applicable in aforementioned range.
The shape of N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 can be strip, arcuation or ring-type respectively, and N-type thermoelectricity
Component 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 also constitute strip, arcuation or ring-type.It in this embodiment, is with N-type thermoelectric mechanism
104 and the shape of p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 are strip, and 106 groups of N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism into strips for
To be illustrated.In addition, when N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 are arcuation or are cyclic annular (referring to figure 3. with figure
4) or N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 form arcuation or it is cyclic annular when (referring to figure 5. with Fig. 6), PN junction member
Part 100 is applicable to common tubular heat source, e.g. hot-water line or flue gas leading.
Top electrode 108 is separated from each other and is covered each by the portion of upper surface or p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 of N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104
Portion of upper surface, so can have between top electrode 108 expose N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 portion of upper surface and p-type heat
The opening 107 of the portion of upper surface of electric components 106.In addition, a top electrode 108 can only be covered in the same PN junction element 100
The portion of upper surface of one of lid N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 person.In other words, in the same PN junction element
In 100, a top electrode 108 will not cover N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 simultaneously.Top electrode 108 can be gold
Belong to or the conductive material of metal composite, resistivity are, for example, to be lower than 10-6Ω·m.The shape of top electrode 108 can be strip, arc
Shape or ring-type.In this embodiment, the shape of top electrode 108 is illustrated by taking strip as an example.
Lower electrode 110 covers the lower surface of N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and the lower surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106.Lower electrode 110
Can be completely covered or part covering PN junction structure 102 in N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 lower surface and the p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106
Lower surface, as long as lower electrode 110 cover simultaneously N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 lower surface and the p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106
Lower surface, and N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 is made to form equipotential adjacent to the part of lower electrode 110
?.Lower electrode 110 can be metal or the conductive material of metal composite.The shape of lower electrode 110 can be strip, arcuation or ring
Shape.In this embodiment, the shape of lower electrode 110 is illustrated by taking strip as an example.
The connection type of top electrode 108 and lower electrode 110 and PN junction structure 102 can press respectively by solder or directly
It is attached.In the present embodiment, it when being linked using the mode directly pressed, can avoid the use of solder, and then keep away
Exempt to influence the temperature range that whole PN junction element 100 is applied because of the limitation of solder heat resistance degree.
One of top electrode 108 and lower electrode 110 are another then adjacent to cold end adjacent to hot end.In this embodiment
It in other embodiments hereafter, is said by top electrode 108 adjacent to cold end and for lower electrode 110 is adjacent to hot end
It is bright, but invention is not limited thereto.It in other words, also can be by electrode 108 adjacent to hot end and lower electrode 110 is adjacent to cold end.
Compared to the N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 of 108 lower section of top electrode, the N-type of 107 lower section of opening
Thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 are not powered on pole 108 and cover and can be contacted with air.Due to leading for air
Heating rate is smaller than top electrode 108, thus N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 can in the region that top electrode 108 cover and
Generation transverse temperature gradient between unlapped region.Wherein, the direction of transverse temperature gradient is perpendicular to cold end and hot end
Temperature difference direction can form two-dimension temperature gradient in PN junction structure 102.Since above-mentioned transverse temperature gradient can be in the direction
Lateral voltage gradient is generated, and has the effect of guiding carrier to top electrode 108.Therefore, in the case where the fixed temperature difference, lead to
The two-dimension temperature gradient formed in PN junction structure 102 is crossed, bigger output electricity can be obtained between two top electrodes 108
Pressure, with hoisting module efficiency.
In addition, can produce the transverse current in the temperature difference direction perpendicular to cold end and hot end by above-mentioned lateral voltage gradient.
Above-mentioned transverse current can flow to N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 from p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106, and be exported by top electrode 108.Cause
This, transverse current caused by the PN junction element 100 of the present embodiment only passes through two top electrodes 108, therefore compared to existing skill
Electrothermal module in art can reduce quantity of the electric current by contact, to reduce the all-in resistance of electrothermal module, and then improve output electricity
Pressure, with hoisting module efficiency.
In addition, PN junction element 100 only must be in 108 side group assembly line of top electrode, and then make the structure and shape of PN junction element 100
Shape is more elastic.
Based on the above embodiment it is found that being connected by the side opposite with p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 of N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104
Design and top electrode 108 are separated from each other and are covered each by the portion of upper surface or p-type thermoelectric mechanism of N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104
The set-up mode of 106 portion of upper surface can produce the transverse temperature gradient in the temperature difference direction perpendicular to cold end and hot end
Two-dimension temperature gradient is formed in PN junction structure 102, therefore can have the effect of guiding carrier, so that can under the fixed temperature difference
Bigger output voltage is obtained, with hoisting module efficiency.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of second embodiment of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, second embodiment and first embodiment difference are as follows.Thermoelectricity in second embodiment
Module 200 includes multiple PN junction elements 100, and has multiple PN junction structures 102.PN junction structure 102 is separately positioned, and adjacent
In two PN junction structures 102, the upper surface for the N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 being separated from each other and the upper surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 are logical
The connection of top electrode 108 is crossed, adjacent lower electrode 110 is not in contact with each other.In addition, second embodiment is as in the first embodiment
Component is indicated with identical label and the description thereof will be omitted.
In electrothermal module 200, PN junction element 100 is attached through the above way, and is made perpendicular to cold end and heat
The transverse current in the temperature difference direction at end can be exported via top electrode 108.Therefore, it is connected by the top electrode 108 of two ends
When to load (load) L1, exportable one group of voltage.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of third embodiment of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3,3rd embodiment and second embodiment difference are as follows.In the thermoelectricity of 3rd embodiment
In module 300, the shape 106 of N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism in PN junction element 100 is respectively ring-type.In addition,
Top electrode 108 and lower electrode 110 also may respectively be ring-type, but the present invention is not limited thereto.Wherein, lower electrode 110 is located at PN
On the inside of junction structure 102, and top electrode 108 is located on the outside of PN junction structure 102.In addition, 3rd embodiment is real with second
Apply in example that identical component is indicated with identical label and the description thereof will be omitted.
3rd embodiment is that electrothermal module 300 is applied to the example of tubular heat source HT, and wherein electrothermal module 300 is placed on
On tubular heat source HT.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of fourth embodiment of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, fourth embodiment and second embodiment difference are as follows.In the thermoelectricity of fourth embodiment
In module 400, the shape 106 of N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism in PN junction element 100 is respectively arcuation.In addition,
Top electrode 108 and lower electrode 110 also may respectively be arcuation, but the present invention is not limited thereto.Wherein, lower electrode 110 is located at PN
The inside of junction structure 102, and top electrode 108 is located on the outside of PN junction structure 102.In addition, fourth embodiment is implemented with second
Identical component is indicated in example with identical label and the description thereof will be omitted.
It applied to the example of tubular heat source HT is in this embodiment with one group that fourth embodiment, which is by electrothermal module 400,
Electrothermal module 400 is illustrated for being placed on tubular heat source HT, but in other embodiments also can be by two groups of electrothermal modules
400 separation are placed on tubular heat source HT, and the present invention is not limited thereto.Person of an ordinary skill in the technical field can be according to
The quantity for the electrothermal module 400 being placed on tubular heat source HT is adjusted according to actual product design demand, as long as however in pipe
Electrothermal module 400 on shape heat source H T with one group or more is the range for belonging to the present invention and being protected.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of fifth embodiment of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, the 5th embodiment and second embodiment difference are as follows.In the thermoelectricity of the 5th embodiment
In module 500,106 groups of N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism in PN junction element 100 are circlewise.In addition, top electrode
108 can be arcuation, and lower electrode 110 can be ring-type, but the present invention is not limited thereto.Wherein, lower electrode 110 is located at PN junction knot
On the inside of structure 102, and top electrode 108 is located on the outside of PN junction structure 102.In addition, the 5th embodiment and second embodiment
In identical component indicated and the description thereof will be omitted with identical label.
5th embodiment is that electrothermal module 500 is applied to the example of tubular heat source HT, and wherein electrothermal module 500 is placed on
On tubular heat source HT.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of sixth embodiment of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 6, sixth embodiment and second embodiment difference are as follows.In the thermoelectricity of sixth embodiment
In module 600, the shape 106 of N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism in PN junction element 100 forms arcuation.On in addition,
Electrode 108 and lower electrode 110 also may respectively be arcuation, but the present invention is not limited thereto.Wherein, lower electrode 110 is located at PN junction
The inside of structure 102, and top electrode 108 is located on the outside of PN junction structure 102.In addition, sixth embodiment and second embodiment
In identical component indicated and the description thereof will be omitted with identical label.
Sixth embodiment is that electrothermal module 600 is applied to the example of tubular heat source HT.It in this embodiment, is with one group
Electrothermal module 600 is illustrated for being placed on tubular heat source HT, but in other embodiments also can be by two groups of electrothermal modules
600 separation are placed on tubular heat source HT, and the present invention is not limited thereto.Person of an ordinary skill in the technical field can be according to
The quantity for the electrothermal module 600 being placed on tubular heat source HT is adjusted according to actual product design demand, as long as however in pipe
Electrothermal module 600 on shape heat source H T with one group or more is the range for belonging to the present invention and being protected.
In addition, the electrothermal module of first embodiment and 3rd embodiment into sixth embodiment by voltage output to load
Mode can refer to the explanation of second embodiment, therefore repeat no more in this.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of seventh embodiment of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 7, the 7th embodiment different from the first embodiment is as follows.In the seventh embodiment, hot
Electric module may include at least one PN junction element 700.One PN junction element 700 includes multiple lower electrodes 110.Lower electrode 110 that
This separates and is covered each by the portion lower surface of N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 or the portion lower surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106, and under
There is opening 109 between electrode 110.In addition, a lower electrode 110 can only cover N-type heat in the same PN junction element 700
The portion lower surface of one of electric components 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106.In other words, in the same PN junction element 700, one
A lower electrode 110 will not cover N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 and p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 simultaneously.In this embodiment, electrothermal module is
It is illustrated for including a PN junction element 700, that is, minimum of the PN junction element 700 as electrothermal module can be used
Unit, but the present invention is not limited thereto.In other embodiments, electrothermal module also may include multiple PN junction elements 700.This
Outside, the 7th embodiment component as in the first embodiment is indicated with identical label and the description thereof will be omitted.
The case where being similar to the first embodiment of Fig. 1, what PN junction element 700 can be covered by opening 107 in top electrode 108
Generation transverse temperature gradient between region and unlapped region, and then produced in the PN junction structure 102 close to top electrode 108
Raw lateral voltage gradient.Similarly, PN junction element 700 can be by opening 109 in the region and unlapped area of the covering of lower electrode 110
Generation transverse temperature gradient between domain, and then another lateral voltage ladder is generated in the PN junction structure 102 close to lower electrode 110
Degree.Therefore, electrothermal module 700 can respectively export one group of voltage by top electrode 108 and lower electrode 110.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the electrothermal module of eighth embodiment of the invention.Referring to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the 8th embodiment
It is as follows with the 7th embodiment difference.Electrothermal module 800 includes multiple separately positioned PN junction elements 700 in the present embodiment.PN
The quantity of junction structure 102 is multiple and separately positioned, and the upper surface of the N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 in a PN junction structure 102
And the lower surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 passes through top electrode 108 respectively and lower electrode 110 is connected to the p-type thermoelectric mechanism of side
106 upper surface and the lower surface of N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104.In addition, the N-type thermoelectric mechanism in the same PN junction structure 102
104 lower surface and the upper surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 are connected to the other side with top electrode 108 by lower electrode 110 respectively
P-type thermoelectric mechanism 106 lower surface and N-type thermoelectric mechanism 104 upper surface.In addition, the 8th embodiment is implemented with the 7th
Identical component is indicated in example with identical label and the description thereof will be omitted.
In electrothermal module 800, PN junction element 700 is attached through the above way, can be in PN junction structure 102 close to upper
The top of electrode 108 and the lower part of close lower electrode 110 respectively generate a transverse current, and the transverse direction on 102 top of PN junction structure
Electric current is transmitted and is exported by top electrode 108, and the transverse current of 102 lower part of PN junction structure is carried out by lower electrode 110
Transmitting and output.Therefore, when the top electrode 108 of two ends is connected to load L2, exportable one group of voltage.By two ends
Lower electrode 110 be connected to load L3 when, exportable another group of voltage.In addition, the electrothermal module of the 7th embodiment is defeated by voltage
The mode for arriving load out can refer to the explanation of the 8th embodiment, therefore repeat no more in this.
On the other hand, in above-mentioned first embodiment into the 8th embodiment, be with by electrothermal module using the temperature difference come into
It is illustrated for row power generation, but the present invention is not limited thereto.Person of an ordinary skill in the technical field can be to above-mentioned
Electrothermal module input current in embodiment is used to do the purposes of refrigeration or heat dissipation.
In conclusion the electrothermal module that above-described embodiment is proposed at least has the characteristics that.By N-type thermoelectric mechanism with
The design and top electrode that the opposite side of p-type thermoelectric mechanism connects are separated from each other and are covered each by the part of N-type thermoelectric mechanism
The set-up mode of the portion of upper surface of upper surface or p-type thermoelectric mechanism can produce perpendicular to the temperature difference direction in cold end and hot end
Transverse temperature gradient can form two-dimension temperature gradient in PN junction structure, therefore can have the effect of guiding carrier, so that
Bigger output voltage can be obtained under the fixed temperature difference, with hoisting module efficiency.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (19)
1. a kind of electrothermal module, which is characterized in that including an at least PN junction element, wherein the PN junction element includes:
PN junction structure, comprising:
One N-type thermoelectric mechanism；And
One p-type thermoelectric mechanism, wherein the N-type thermoelectric mechanism side opposite with the p-type thermoelectric mechanism connects；
Multiple top electrodes are separated from each other and are covered each by the portion of upper surface or the p-type thermoelectric mechanism of the N-type thermoelectric mechanism
Portion of upper surface, expose portion of upper surface and the institute of the N-type thermoelectric mechanism wherein having between the multiple top electrode
State the opening of the portion of upper surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism；And
At least once electrode, covers the lower surface of the N-type thermoelectric mechanism and the lower surface of the p-type thermoelectric mechanism.
2. electrothermal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the N-type thermoelectric mechanism and the p-type thermoelectric mechanism
Including semiconductor material, electric charge carrier concentration is between 1018cm-3To 1021cm-3Between.
3. electrothermal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the N-type thermoelectric mechanism includes BiTe system
Thermoelectric material, PbTe pyroelectric material or SiGe pyroelectric material.
4. electrothermal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the p-type thermoelectric mechanism includes BiTe system
Thermoelectric material, PbTe pyroelectric material or SiGe pyroelectric material.
5. electrothermal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the top electrode is wrapped respectively with the lower electrode material
Include the conductive material of metal or metal composite.
6. electrothermal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the N-type thermoelectric mechanism and the p-type thermoelectric mechanism
Shape respectively include strip, arcuation or ring-type.
7. electrothermal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the N-type thermoelectric mechanism and the p-type thermoelectric mechanism
Group into strips, arcuation or ring-type.
8. electrothermal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the N-type thermoelectric mechanism includes with p-type thermoelectric mechanism
When arcuation or ring-type or the N-type thermoelectric mechanism and the p-type thermoelectric mechanism composition arcuation or ring-type, the PN junction element
Applied to tubular heat source.
9. electrothermal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the top electrode and the shape of the lower electrode are distinguished
Including strip, arcuation or ring-type.
10. electrothermal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in a PN junction element at least once
The quantity of electrode be one, and be completely covered or part cover the N-type thermoelectric mechanism lower surface and the p-type thermoelectric mechanism
Lower surface.
11. electrothermal module according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the quantity of an at least PN junction element is multiple
And it is separately positioned, and in the two neighboring PN junction structure, the upper surface for the N-type thermoelectric mechanism being separated from each other with it is described
The upper surface of p-type thermoelectric mechanism is connected by the top electrode, and the adjacent lower electrode is not in contact with each other.
12. electrothermal module according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the N-type thermoelectric mechanism and the p-type thermoelectricity structure
The shape of part respectively includes strip, arcuation or ring-type.
13. electrothermal module according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the N-type thermoelectric mechanism and the p-type thermoelectricity structure
Part group into strips, arcuation or ring-type.
14. electrothermal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in a PN junction element at least once
The quantity of electrode be it is multiple, and the lower electrode be separated from each other and be covered each by the N-type thermoelectric mechanism portion lower surface or
The portion lower surface of the p-type thermoelectric mechanism.
15. electrothermal module according to claim 14, which is characterized in that wherein in the same PN junction element, under described
There is the portion lower surface of the portion lower surface and the p-type thermoelectric mechanism that expose the N-type thermoelectric mechanism between electrode
Opening.
16. electrothermal module according to claim 14, which is characterized in that the quantity of an at least PN junction element is multiple
And it is separately positioned, and under the upper surface of the N-type thermoelectric mechanism in a PN junction structure and the p-type thermoelectric mechanism
Surface is connected to the upper surface of the p-type thermoelectric mechanism of side and described by the top electrode and the lower electrode respectively
The lower surface of N-type thermoelectric mechanism.
17. electrothermal module according to claim 15, which is characterized in that the N-type thermoelectricity in a PN junction structure
The lower surface of component and the upper surface of the p-type thermoelectric mechanism are connected to separately by the lower electrode and the top electrode respectively
The lower surface of the p-type thermoelectric mechanism of side and the upper surface of the N-type thermoelectric mechanism.
18. electrothermal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the top electrode and the N-type thermoelectric mechanism or institute
The connection type for stating p-type thermoelectric mechanism includes being attached by solder or directly pressing.
19. electrothermal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lower electrode and the N-type thermoelectric mechanism or institute
The connection type for stating p-type thermoelectric mechanism includes being attached by solder or directly pressing.
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