CN106875927A - Autoelectrinic organ stop and its automatic tuning method based on FFT audio frequency process - Google Patents
Autoelectrinic organ stop and its automatic tuning method based on FFT audio frequency process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106875927A CN106875927A CN201710244301.2A CN201710244301A CN106875927A CN 106875927 A CN106875927 A CN 106875927A CN 201710244301 A CN201710244301 A CN 201710244301A CN 106875927 A CN106875927 A CN 106875927A
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- tuning
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
- G10D3/14—Tuning devices, e.g. pegs, pins, friction discs or worm gears
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10G—REPRESENTATION OF MUSIC; RECORDING MUSIC IN NOTATION FORM; ACCESSORIES FOR MUSIC OR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. SUPPORTS
- G10G7/00—Other auxiliary devices or accessories, e.g. conductors' batons or separate holders for resin or strings
- G10G7/02—Tuning forks or like devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos
- G10H1/04—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation
- G10H1/043—Continuous modulation
- G10H1/045—Continuous modulation by electromechanical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos
- G10H1/06—Circuits for establishing the harmonic content of tones, or other arrangements for changing the tone colour
- G10H1/12—Circuits for establishing the harmonic content of tones, or other arrangements for changing the tone colour by filtering complex waveforms
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of autoelectrinic organ stop based on FFT audio frequency process, circuit is pre-processed including audio signal, its signal input part receives the audio signal for treating tuning stringed musical instrument, the signal output part of the audio signal pretreatment circuit is connected with the signal input part of frequency comparing module, the signal output part of the frequency comparing module is connected with the signal input part of motor control module, and the stepper motor in motor control module is connected by shaft coupling with the pegs for musical instruments for treating tuning.The invention also discloses a kind of automatic tuning method of the autoelectrinic organ stop based on FFT audio frequency process.The present invention pre-processes collection and treatment of the circuit realiration to audio signal by audio signal, after pre-processing, frequency comparing module carries out the fundamental frequency that FFT treatment obtains audio to signal, fundamental frequency is compared with standard null string frequency again, the last control implemented by comparing result to stepper motor, until tuning is completed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to FFT audio signal processing technique fields, especially a kind of autoelectrinic tuning based on FFT audio frequency process
Device and its automatic tuning method.
Background technology
Organ stop belongs to the aid of musical instrument, is the electronic equipment for various stringed musical instrument tunings.Current stringed musical instrument is adopted
Tuning instrument and shortcoming are as follows：
1st, tuning pipe：The several sounds fixed by its own, play wind instruments tuning pipe to send standard pronunciation, and user voluntarily judges string sound
Just, so as to voluntarily debug；This kind of tuning device distinguishes that sound Capability Requirement is high to user's, and main applicable object is rich experience
Rich Instrumentalist, user, for beginner and does not apply to.
2nd, electronic tuning device：Electronic tuning device pickup typically has two kinds of principles, and one is voice rationale, and one is former vibration
Reason；Wherein, voice rationale is exactly in fact the sound that musical instrument is collected according to the built-in sound pick-up of organ stop, and the sound is judged by analysis
Pitch, this method is typically easier to receive external interference, therefore accuracy is somewhat hard to say；Most of organ stop is to use to shake
Dynamic principle, that is, when fingering a stringed instrument, string sends vibrations, due to the frequency that different strings vibrates when different sounds are sent
Rate is different, and organ stop can shake frequency to judge pitch according to these, and the error of pitch is calculated with single-chip microcomputer, and
The error of frequency is converted to the error of cent musically used, then by diode displaying out, but this tuning
The frequency that device is only capable of realizing under the collection and Single-chip Controlling of voice signal is compared, and finally needs regulation manually.
3rd, cell phone software tuning：By the microphone pickup of mobile phone, audio frequency process part is similar with electronic tuning device, leads to
The frequency that audio frequency process obtains sound is crossed, is compared with standard null string frequency, be displayed on mobile phone screen.Equally finally need root
Adjusted manually according to the height of display frequency.
4th, the automatic tuning devices of Roadie：Roadie Tuner built Bluetooth modules, coordinate mobile phone A PP to use, and drop it into
On qin button, mobile phone is placed near guitar, and the Roadie that manipulates the strings successively just can be guitar tuning automatically；Roadie also may be used in addition to wooden guitar
To give electric guitar tuning, but electric guitar connection adapter is needed to be connected on mobile phone.
The content of the invention
Primary and foremost purpose of the invention is to provide one kind to can solve the problem that string music tuning problem, realizes tuning process automation simultaneously
Ensure the autoelectrinic organ stop based on FFT audio frequency process of tuning precision high.
To achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme：A kind of autoelectrinic based on FFT audio frequency process
Organ stop, including：
Audio signal pre-processes circuit, and collection treats the voice signal of tuning stringed musical instrument and is converted to electric signal, and pre- place is carried out to it
Reason, the signal output that pretreatment is obtained to frequency comparing module；
Frequency comparing module, using STC15F2K60S2 single-chip microcomputers, the signal that audio signal pretreatment circuit is obtained is by A/D
After conversion, the treatment of data is carried out, the treatment includes completing time domain to the conversion of frequency domain by Fourier transform, filters high order humorous
Ripple and noise, measure the fundamental frequency for treating tuning stringed musical instrument；The fundamental frequency is compared with standard null string frequency, step is judged
Stepper motor rotation direction next time, until surveyed fundamental frequency is reached in standard null string frequency error range；
Motor control module, is driven by driving chip, makes stepper motor drive the string for treating tuning stringed musical instrument to rotate, so that real
Existing tuning；
The signal input part of the audio signal pretreatment circuit receives the audio signal for treating tuning stringed musical instrument, the audio signal
The signal output part for pre-processing circuit is connected with the signal input part of frequency comparing module, and the signal of the frequency comparing module is defeated
Go out end to be connected with the signal input part of motor control module, the stepper motor in motor control module passes through shaft coupling and treats tuning
The peg of stringed musical instrument is connected.
The audio signal pretreatment circuit includes：
Miaow head Acquisition Circuit, the real-time audio signal of tuning stringed musical instrument is treated for gathering, and audio signal is converted into electric signal；
Amplifying circuit, the input electricity of STC15F2K60S2 single-chip microcomputers is matched for amplifying the output electric signal of miaow head Acquisition Circuit
It is flat；
The real-time audio signal of tuning stringed musical instrument is treated in the input collection of miaow head Acquisition Circuit, the output end of miaow head Acquisition Circuit with
The input of amplifying circuit is connected, and the output end of amplifying circuit is connected with the input of STC15F2K60S2 single-chip microcomputers.
The motor control module uses L298N motor drive ics, and 5,7,10,12 pins connect audio signal pretreatment
The signal output part of circuit, 6,11 pins connect+5V power supplys, 8,1,5 pins ground connection, 2,3,13,14 pins connect stepping electricity
Machine.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of automatic tuning of the autoelectrinic organ stop based on FFT audio frequency process
Method, the method include following order the step of：
（1）Start organ stop, connect shaft coupling and the peg for treating tuning stringed musical instrument, user sounds the string for treating tuning stringed musical instrument,
Audio signal pretreatment circuit gathers the audio signal of string；
（2）The audio signal pretreatment audio signal that will collect of circuit is amplified, filters, be input into after Shape correction
STC15F2K60S2 single-chip microcomputers, measure sound signal frequencies and export to frequency contrast module by FFT；
（3）Audio signal frequency after the real-time measurement processing of frequency contrast module, and contrast standard sky string frequency, tie according to contrast
Really, positive/negative turn of stepper motor of output control signal control drives the peg for treating tuning stringed musical instrument, and regulation string is elastic, in real time with
Track, until the audio signal fundamental frequency of collection is placed in the interval of standard null string frequency error permission.
The frequency comparison method of the frequency contrast module is specific as follows：After measuring the frequency of voice signal, by what is measured
Sound signal frequencies, that is, treat that the fundamental frequency of tuning stringed musical instrument and standard null string frequency are compared, if surveyed fundamental wave is frequently
Rate is less than standard null string frequency and difference is more than 0.5HZ, then calling motor to rotate forward program rotates forward stepper motor, so as to draw
Tight string, frequency gradually increases；If surveyed fundamental frequency is more than standard null string frequency and difference is more than 0.5HZ, motor is called
Rollback routine rotates backward stepper motor, and so as to loosen string, frequency is gradually reduced；When surveyed fundamental frequency is in standard null
When in the upper and lower 0.5HZ of string frequency is interval, then calling motor to stall program makes stepper motor stop operating, and adjustment work is completed.
As shown from the above technical solution, the advantage of the invention is that：First, the present invention pre-processes circuit by audio signal
Collection and treatment to audio signal is realized, after the treatment, frequency comparing module real time contrast audio signal frequency and standard
Empty string frequency, finally implements the control to stepper motor by comparing result, until tuning is completed；Second, user can be
Present video frequency is understood on STC15F2K60S2 single-chip microcomputers in real time, it is ensured that the accuracy of measurement process；3rd, present invention application
For string music tuning provides huge facility, the challenge of string music tuning is solved, applied in the various occasions for needing tuning, pole
The earth realizes the rapidity and accuracy of tuning.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of system of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure block diagram of Fig. 1 sound intermediate frequency signal pre-processing circuits；
Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of frequency comparing module；
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of motor control module；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of shaft coupling.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1,5, a kind of autoelectrinic organ stop based on FFT audio frequency process, including：Audio signal pretreatment electricity
Road 1, collection treats the voice signal of tuning stringed musical instrument and is converted to electric signal, it is pre-processed, and will pre-process the letter that obtains
Number output is to frequency comparing module 2；Frequency comparing module 2, using STC15F2K60S2 single-chip microcomputers, electricity is pre-processed by audio signal
By after A/D conversions, carrying out the treatment of data, the treatment includes completing time domain to frequency by Fourier transform the signal that rood is arrived
The conversion in domain, filters higher hamonic wave and noise, measures the fundamental frequency for treating tuning stringed musical instrument；By the fundamental frequency and standard null
String frequency compares, and judges the rotation direction next time of stepper motor 5, is missed until surveyed fundamental frequency reaches standard null string frequency
In difference scope；Motor control module 3, is driven by driving chip, makes stepper motor 5 drive the string for treating tuning stringed musical instrument to turn
It is dynamic, so as to realize tuning；The signal input part of the audio signal pretreatment circuit 1 receives the audio letter for treating tuning stringed musical instrument
Number, the signal output part of the audio signal pretreatment circuit 1 is connected with the signal input part of frequency comparing module 2, the frequency
The signal output part of rate comparing module 2 is connected with the signal input part of motor control module 3, the stepping in motor control module 3
Motor 5 is connected by shaft coupling 4 with the peg 6 for treating tuning stringed musical instrument.
As shown in Fig. 2 the audio signal pretreatment circuit 1 includes：Miaow head Acquisition Circuit, tuning string music is treated for gathering
The real-time audio signal of device, and audio signal is converted into electric signal；Amplifying circuit, the output for amplifying miaow head Acquisition Circuit
Electric signal matches the incoming level of STC15F2K60S2 single-chip microcomputers；Tuning stringed musical instrument is treated in the input collection of miaow head Acquisition Circuit
Real-time audio signal, the output end of miaow head Acquisition Circuit is connected with the input of amplifying circuit, the output end of amplifying circuit with
The input of STC15F2K60S2 single-chip microcomputers is connected.
As shown in figure 4, the motor control module 3 uses L298N motor drive ics, 5,7,10,12 pins connect sound
The signal output part of frequency signal pre-processing circuit 1,6,11 pins connect+5V power supplys, 8,1,5 pins ground connection, 2,3,13,
14 pins connect stepper motor 5.
The step of this method includes following order：
（1）Start organ stop, connect shaft coupling 4 and the peg for treating tuning stringed musical instrument, user sounds the string for treating tuning stringed musical instrument,
Audio signal pretreatment circuit 1 gathers the audio signal of string；
（2）The audio signal pretreatment audio signal that will collect of circuit 1 is amplified, filters, be input into after Shape correction
STC15F2K60S2 single-chip microcomputers, measure sound signal frequencies and export to frequency contrast module by FFT；
（3）Audio signal frequency after the real-time measurement processing of frequency contrast module, and contrast standard sky string frequency, tie according to contrast
Really, positive/negative turn of stepper motor 5 of output control signal control drives the peg for treating tuning stringed musical instrument, and regulation string is elastic, in real time with
Track, until the audio signal fundamental frequency of collection is placed in the interval of standard null string frequency error permission.
As shown in figure 3, the frequency comparison method of the frequency contrast module is specific as follows：Measure the frequency of voice signal
Afterwards, the sound signal frequencies that will be measured, that is, treat that the fundamental frequency of tuning stringed musical instrument and standard null string frequency are compared, if
Surveyed fundamental frequency is less than standard null string frequency and difference is more than 0.5HZ, then calling motor to rotate forward program makes stepper motor 5 positive
Rotate, so as to tense string, frequency gradually increases；If surveyed fundamental frequency is more than standard null string frequency and difference is more than 0.5HZ,
Then calling motor reversal program rotates backward stepper motor 5, and so as to loosen string, frequency is gradually reduced；When surveyed fundamental wave frequently
Rate is in when in the upper and lower 0.5HZ intervals of standard null string frequency, then calling motor to stall program makes stepper motor 5 stop operating, and adjusts
Section work is completed.
In sum, the collection and treatment realized by audio signal pretreatment circuit 1 to audio signal of the invention, at place
After reason, the real time contrast's audio signal frequency of frequency comparing module 2 and standard null string frequency are finally implemented to step by comparing result
The control of stepper motor 5, until tuning is completed；User can understand present video frequently in real time on STC15F2K60S2 single-chip microcomputers
Rate, it is ensured that the accuracy of measurement process；Present invention application provides huge facility for string music tuning, solves answering for string music tuning
Miscellaneous problem, applies in the various occasions for needing tuning, greatly realizes the rapidity and accuracy of tuning.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of autoelectrinic organ stop based on FFT audio frequency process, it is characterised in that：Including：
Audio signal pre-processes circuit, and collection treats the voice signal of tuning stringed musical instrument and is converted to electric signal, and pre- place is carried out to it
Reason, the signal output that pretreatment is obtained to frequency comparing module；
Frequency comparing module, using STC15F2K60S2 single-chip microcomputers, the signal that audio signal pretreatment circuit is obtained is by A/D
After conversion, the treatment of data is carried out, the treatment includes completing time domain to the conversion of frequency domain by Fourier transform, filters high order humorous
Ripple and noise, measure the fundamental frequency for treating tuning stringed musical instrument；The fundamental frequency is compared with standard null string frequency, step is judged
Stepper motor rotation direction next time, until surveyed fundamental frequency is reached in standard null string frequency error range；
Motor control module, is driven by driving chip, makes stepper motor drive the string for treating tuning stringed musical instrument to rotate, so that real
Existing tuning；
The signal input part of the audio signal pretreatment circuit receives the audio signal for treating tuning stringed musical instrument, the audio signal
The signal output part for pre-processing circuit is connected with the signal input part of frequency comparing module, and the signal of the frequency comparing module is defeated
Go out end to be connected with the signal input part of motor control module, the stepper motor in motor control module passes through shaft coupling and treats tuning
The peg of stringed musical instrument is connected.
2. the autoelectrinic organ stop based on FFT audio frequency process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The audio
Signal pre-processing circuit includes：
Miaow head Acquisition Circuit, the real-time audio signal of tuning stringed musical instrument is treated for gathering, and audio signal is converted into electric signal；
Amplifying circuit, the input electricity of STC15F2K60S2 single-chip microcomputers is matched for amplifying the output electric signal of miaow head Acquisition Circuit
It is flat；
The real-time audio signal of tuning stringed musical instrument is treated in the input collection of miaow head Acquisition Circuit, the output end of miaow head Acquisition Circuit with
The input of amplifying circuit is connected, and the output end of amplifying circuit is connected with the input of STC15F2K60S2 single-chip microcomputers.
3. the autoelectrinic organ stop based on FFT audio frequency process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The motor
Control module uses L298N motor drive ics, and 5,7,10,12 pins connect the signal output that audio signal pre-processes circuit
End, 6,11 pins connect+5V power supplys, 8,1,5 pins ground connection, and 2,3,13,14 pins connect stepper motor.
4. the automatic tuning of the autoelectrinic organ stop based on FFT audio frequency process according to any one of claim 1 to 3
Method, the method include following order the step of：
（1）Start organ stop, connect shaft coupling and the peg for treating tuning stringed musical instrument, user sounds the string for treating tuning stringed musical instrument,
The audio signal of audio signal pretreatment circuit collection string simultaneously carries out incoming frequency comparing module after enhanced processing；
（2）The signal that frequency contrast module obtains audio signal pretreatment circuit is by after A/D conversions, carrying out the place of data
Reason, the treatment includes completing time domain to the conversion of frequency domain by Fourier transform, filters higher hamonic wave and noise, measures and waits to adjust
The fundamental frequency of sound stringed musical instrument；The fundamental frequency is compared with standard null string frequency, according to comparing result, output control signal control
Positive/negative turn of stepper motor processed drives the peg for treating tuning stringed musical instrument, and regulation string is elastic, real-time tracking, until the audio of collection
Signal fundamental frequency is placed in the interval of standard null string frequency error permission.
5. automatic tuning method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The frequency of the frequency contrast module compares other side
Method is specific as follows：By after A/D conversions, carrying out the treatment of data, the treatment includes completing time domain to frequency by Fourier transform
The conversion in domain, filters higher hamonic wave and noise, measures the fundamental frequency for treating tuning stringed musical instrument；By the fundamental frequency and standard null
String frequency is compared, if surveyed fundamental frequency is less than standard null string frequency and difference is more than 0.5Hz, calls the positive carryover of motor
Sequence rotates forward stepper motor, so as to tense string, frequency gradually increases；If surveyed fundamental frequency is more than standard null string frequency
And difference is more than 0.5Hz, then motor reversal program is called to rotate backward stepper motor, so as to loosen string, frequency gradually subtracts
It is small；When surveyed fundamental frequency is in the upper and lower 0.5Hz intervals of standard null string frequency, then calling motor to stall program makes stepping electricity
Machine is stopped operating, and adjustment work is completed.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN107154249A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-09-12 | 太仓市方克乐器有限公司 | A kind of scroll head of convertible scale |
| CN107170426A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-09-15 | 太仓市方克乐器有限公司 | It is a kind of to be easy to that debugs to have string qin scroll head |
| CN107393510A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-24 | 太仓市方克乐器有限公司 | A kind of scroll head of convertible modes |
| CN107403613A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-28 | 太仓市方克乐器有限公司 | It is a kind of can adjust automatically accuracy in pitch scroll head |
| CN107452363A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-12-08 | 福建天泉教育科技有限公司 | Musical instrument tuner method and system |
| CN107464543A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-12-12 | 太仓市方克乐器有限公司 | A kind of string debugging acid |
| CN109192184A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-11 | 重庆大学 | automatic tuner and tuning method |
| CN113129853A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-16 | 深圳市左轮音乐科技有限公司 | Sound diagnosing device and using method thereof |
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| CN107154249A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-09-12 | 太仓市方克乐器有限公司 | A kind of scroll head of convertible scale |
| CN107170426A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-09-15 | 太仓市方克乐器有限公司 | It is a kind of to be easy to that debugs to have string qin scroll head |
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| CN109192184A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-11 | 重庆大学 | automatic tuner and tuning method |
| CN113129853A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-16 | 深圳市左轮音乐科技有限公司 | Sound diagnosing device and using method thereof |
| CN113129853B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2023-11-14 | 深圳市左轮音乐科技有限公司 | Sound diagnosis device and use method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170620 |