CN106875475B

CN106875475B - Method and device for manufacturing mold body

Info

Publication number: CN106875475B
Application number: CN201710144830.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王薇
Original assignee: Shanghai Shuli Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Shuli Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-03-13
Filing date: 2017-03-13
Publication date: 2021-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 2037-03-13
Also published as: CN106875475A

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a method and a device for manufacturing a die body. The manufacturing method of the mold body comprises the following steps: determining the structure and the function of the motif according to clinical requirements and system attributes of imaging equipment suitable for the motif; determining the composition material of the die body according to the structure and the function of the die body; modeling a focus and/or an organ for manufacturing the motif, and acquiring a modeling file of the focus and/or the organ; and manufacturing the die body by a 3D printing method according to the modeling file and the composition materials of the die body. This openly can realize realizing the preparation of die body based on 3D printing technique.

Description

Method and device for manufacturing mold body

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of medical images, in particular to a method and a device for manufacturing a die body.

Background

At present, the supply of medical models in the market is far from the clinical diagnosis and treatment requirements from technical to clinical popularization, such as CT (Computed Tomography) and MR (magnetic resonance) which are large medical imaging devices in wide clinical application.

The current CT scanner has very high popularity, and volunteers are needed to help complete the parameter design of the CT scanner, but the CT scanner has X-ray radiation, so that certain ethical problems exist in the recruitment of volunteers. Especially when the scanning parameters are complex and need to be debugged repeatedly, contrast enhancement examination is needed, or a pediatric scanning sequence needs to be debugged, the recruitment of volunteers is difficult, and even the optimization and the use of the CT scanner are affected. Most of CT mold bodies on the market are designed by test equipment rays, and are spherical and cylindrical; advanced CT motifs are rarely seen in clinical medicine centers, are mostly used in advanced research centers or research and development departments of large equipment companies, and are difficult to be truly realized as clinical services.

Also, MR is currently a promising clinical imaging technique, and its multi-sequence nature is one of the reasons why the device can be continuously developed. However, both in clinical applications and research studies, the determination of each scan protocol and each sequence of MR requires the adjustment of multiple parameters, which are more complex to combine than the CT parameters. While MR is a radiation-free examination, it is relatively easy to recruit volunteers while performing the above work, but due to the complex combination of parameters, volunteers often need to stay in the magnetic resonance apparatus for 2 hours or even longer. Therefore, the volunteer who receives the magnetic resonance scan often needs to select the magnetic resonance scan which can be matched for a long time, and the work of adjusting the parameters often needs to consider the bearing capacity of the volunteer and sometimes has to stop midway. Magnetic resonance modalities are more rare than CT modalities. Meanwhile, the MR mold body is also a mold body which is cut by a simple material machine or is manually manufactured into a single shape, and the simulation effect of the structure and the function of the human body can not be achieved far.

Therefore, there is still a need for improvement in the prior art solutions.

It is to be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method and apparatus for fabricating a mold body, which overcome, at least to some extent, one or more of the problems due to the limitations and disadvantages of the related art.

Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows, or in part will be learned by practice of the disclosure.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of fabricating a mold body, including:

determining the structure and the function of the motif according to clinical requirements and system attributes of imaging equipment suitable for the motif;

determining the composition material of the die body according to the structure and the function of the die body;

modeling a focus and/or an organ for manufacturing the motif, and acquiring a modeling file of the focus and/or the organ;

and manufacturing the die body by a 3D printing method according to the modeling file and the composition materials of the die body.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, modeling a lesion and/or organ for the phantom production, obtaining a modeling file of the lesion and/or organ includes:

and carrying out three-dimensional simulation modeling on the focus and/or organ, and generating a modeling file of the focus and/or organ.

and performing three-dimensional modeling of the focus and/or organ based on the medical image, and generating a modeling file of the focus and/or organ.

carrying out three-dimensional simulation modeling on the focus and/or organ to generate a first modeling file of the focus and/or organ;

performing three-dimensional modeling of the lesion and/or organ based on medical images, and generating a second modeling file of the lesion and/or organ;

and carrying out image registration and fusion on the first modeling file and the second modeling file to generate a modeling file of the focus and/or organ.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, modeling a lesion and/or organ for the phantom production, obtaining a modeling file of the lesion and/or organ further includes:

and processing the modeling file to form a preset format file which can be recognized by the 3D printer.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, processing the modeling file to form a preset format file that can be recognized by a 3D printer includes:

and converting the modeling file into the preset format file which can be identified by the 3D printer through image format conversion.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further comprises: and adjusting the preset format file according to the system parameters of the 3D printer and/or the material characteristics of the composition materials.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further comprises: normalization of clinical parameters of the phantom.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the normalizing of the clinical parameters of the phantom comprises: the appearance characterization of the phantom is normalized.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, normalizing the appearance representation of the phantom includes: different color prescriptions are made for the respective organs and/or lesions.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further comprises: normalizing the functional properties of the phantom.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the normalizing the functional characteristics of the phantom includes: according to the imaging characteristics of the imaging equipment, different organs and/or focuses are characterized by adopting different printing materials or adding bionic materials.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further comprises: and carrying out system calibration and/or parameter verification on the imaging equipment by using the phantom.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an apparatus for fabricating a medical phantom, comprising:

the structure and function determining module is used for determining the structure and the function of the motif according to clinical requirements and system attributes of imaging equipment suitable for the motif;

the composition material determining module is used for determining the composition material of the die body according to the structure and the function of the die body;

the modeling module is used for modeling the focus and/or organ for manufacturing the motif and acquiring a modeling file of the focus and/or organ;

and the printing module is used for manufacturing the die body by a 3D printing method according to the modeling file and the composition material of the die body.

In the method and the device for manufacturing the die body provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the structure and the function of the die body are determined according to clinical requirements and system attributes of an imaging device suitable for the die body, the composition material of the die body is determined according to the structure and the function of the die body, the focus and/or the organ corresponding to the die body is modeled, and the focus and/or the organ is printed by adopting a 3D printing technology and the composition material of the die body, so that the die body is manufactured, on one hand, the manufacturing process of the die body is simplified, and the cost and the molding time of the die body are reduced; on the other hand, the 3D printing technology can be used for printing a model body which is closer to the shape and the bionic property of an organism (such as a human), and is beneficial to popularization and application in clinical medicine.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for fabricating a mold body according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another method of fabricating a mold body according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method of fabricating a mold body according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of DICOM neck medical images acquired by an imaging device in an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic modeling diagram for generating a 3D printable anatomical structure and function based on the DICOM neck medical image or bare data shown in fig. 4 in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 is a 3D printed head and neck phantom anatomical structure fused with a 3D printed CT head and neck phantom with bionic simulation material added in an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for forming a mold body according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the subject matter of the present disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, devices, steps, and the like. In other instances, well-known technical solutions have not been shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the present disclosure.

Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus their repetitive description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the figures are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically separate entities. These functional entities may be implemented in the form of software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and/or processor devices and/or microcontroller devices.

At present, the phantom is one of the main tools for measuring the radiation absorbed dose and controlling the quality of large medical equipment, and comprises a human body simulation phantom. The embodiment of the invention combines the 3D printing technology and image medicine, and provides a Medical application motif (Medical Phantom) for Medical image equipment applied to clinical diagnosis and treatment. The medical phantom is a special medical Imaging device, and is specially used for detecting, correcting, adjusting and optimizing system parameters and application algorithms of large medical Imaging devices (such as CT, MR, PET (positron Emission Tomography), SPECT (Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography), MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), and the like).

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for fabricating a mold body according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. The phantom may be the medical phantom described above, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1, in step S100, the structure and function of the phantom are determined according to clinical requirements and system attributes of an imaging device to which the phantom is applied.

In an exemplary embodiment, the system properties of the imaging device to which the motif is applied may include system characteristics and application parameters of the imaging device to which the motif is applied. For example, when fabricating a CT phantom, the x-ray attenuation properties of a CT device using the CT phantom. The present disclosure is not limited thereto and may determine the structure and function of the manufactured phantom based on the specific system properties of the specific imaging device for which the phantom is intended.

In step S110, the constituent materials of the phantom are determined according to the structure and function of the phantom.

For example, when the model body is determined to be a model body of a specific spine structure and function, hydroxyapatite and a synthetic material thereof which are close to the density of the spine material can be selected to be made into the model body with the known density. The present disclosure is not limited thereto.

In step S120, a lesion and/or an organ used for the motif production is modeled, and a modeling file of the lesion and/or the organ is acquired.

In an exemplary embodiment, modeling a lesion and/or organ for use in the phantom production, obtaining a modeling file of the lesion and/or organ includes: and carrying out three-dimensional simulation modeling on the focus and/or organ, and generating a modeling file of the focus and/or organ.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, modeling a lesion and/or organ for use in the phantom production, obtaining a modeling file of the lesion and/or organ comprises: and performing three-dimensional modeling of the focus and/or organ based on the medical image, and generating a modeling file of the focus and/or organ.

In another exemplary embodiment, modeling a lesion and/or organ for use in the phantom production, obtaining a modeling file of the lesion and/or organ comprises: carrying out three-dimensional simulation modeling on the focus and/or organ to generate a first modeling file of the focus and/or organ; performing three-dimensional modeling of the lesion and/or organ based on medical images, and generating a second modeling file of the lesion and/or organ; and carrying out image registration and fusion on the first modeling file and the second modeling file to generate a modeling file of the focus and/or organ.

It should be noted that, in the above three embodiments, three modes of lesion and/or organ modeling are respectively exemplified: the three-dimensional simulation modeling is adopted alone, the three-dimensional modeling based on the medical image is adopted alone, and the three-dimensional simulation modeling and the three-dimensional modeling based on the medical image are registered and fused, but the disclosure is not limited thereto, and other suitable modeling manners can also be adopted.

In an exemplary embodiment, modeling a lesion and/or organ for use in the phantom production, obtaining a modeling file of the lesion and/or organ further comprises: and processing the modeling file to form a preset format file which can be recognized by the 3D printer. For example, the preset format file is a triangle mesh file (. stl) required by a 3D printer, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

In an exemplary embodiment, the method may further include: and adjusting the preset format file according to the system parameters of the 3D printer and/or the material characteristics of the composition materials.

In step S130, the mold body is manufactured by a 3D printing method according to the modeling file and the constituent materials of the mold body.

In the embodiment of the invention, the 3D high-resolution printing technology is combined with the advanced simulated human tissue material (bionic material) capable of presenting the attributes and parameters of the imaging equipment, so that a die body capable of completely simulating each part and each visceral organ of a human body can be provided for clinic. For example, for magnetic resonance, a phantom similar or identical to the amount and form of hydrogen-containing protons of a real human body can be manufactured, and the technical problem that the phantom in the prior art is far from a real human organ in shape and imitation and cannot achieve practical clinical application can be clinically solved. The simulation teaching platform can provide convenience for clinical medical work, can provide simulation teaching possibility for professional teaching work such as radiological imaging technology and diagnosis, and has excellent application prospect in the future.

According to the method for manufacturing the die body, provided by the embodiment of the invention, through the combination of the modeling of the focus and/or organ and the 3D printing technology, the clinical medicine die body which can accurately reflect the detailed anatomical mechanism and focus/pathological information of the human body and specifically embody the performance of the imaging equipment can be generated, the directivity of the die body to a specific focus and/or organ is strong, the accuracy is high, the die body has stability and cost payability, and a brand-new method for manufacturing the medical die body is developed.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another method of fabricating a mold body according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. The embodiment of the invention generates a modeling file capable of being printed in a 3D mode based on the DICOM file of medical images and/or bare data, and manufactures a medical motif based on a 3D printing technology.

According to the embodiment of the invention, according to the type, the function and the requirements of the phantom confirmed by clinicians and image expert engineers, clinical medical image data are collected and subjected to a series of image processing technologies such as image preprocessing, post-processing, reconstruction, format conversion and optimization, and a group of separable or combined triangular mesh files which can be identified by a 3D printer are formed. This is explained below with reference to fig. 2.

First, image and data acquisition is performed.

In one embodiment, the images that may be obtained here may be dicom (digital Imaging and Communications in medicine) images. DICOM, digital imaging and communications in medicine, is an international standard for medical images and related information (ISO 12052). It defines a medical image format that can be used for data exchange with a quality that meets clinical needs. DICOM is widely used in radiomedicine, cardiovascular imaging and radiodiagnosis (X-ray, CT, nuclear magnetic resonance, ultrasound, etc.) and is increasingly used in ophthalmology, dentistry, and other medical fields. Among the tens of thousands of in-use medical imaging devices, DICOM is one of the most widely deployed standards for medical information.

In another embodiment, raw data may be acquired and then subjected to data preprocessing and image reconstruction. For example: noise reduction, artifact removal, region of interest (roi) info, iterative reconstruction enhancement, and so on.

The region of interest may be selected, for example, to make the measured relative bone density value accurate and meaningful, and a uniform measurement region and measurement range are required, and the operator uses a cursor to make position information of the measurement region on the image according to an image processing method and records the information, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform measurement range.

The term "raw data" is a term used in medical imaging, and may refer to data acquired directly from a detector, such as a 2-dimensional reconstructed image (DICOM) directly from a CT system, which has not been acquired directly from a detector, and which has undergone attenuation by the human body.

Next, image processing is performed on the acquired image and data.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the image processing may include image pre-processing. For example: image registration, region of interest enhancement, bone extraction, muscle extraction, image artifact removal, and the like.

With continuing reference to fig. 3, the image processing may further include: and (5) image post-processing. For example: image splitting, filtering, diffusing, quantizing, transforming, etc.

With continuing reference to fig. 3, the image processing may further include: and (5) modeling the image. For example: cutting, filtering, marking and the like.

The image modeling can adopt three-dimensional image reconstruction and display: performing three-dimensional reconstruction on the obtained sequence image on a computer by using a classical three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm; and the visualization technology is utilized to display each tomographic image data in the motif data, and the functions of cutting and zooming image processing are included, so that more interactive processing on the image is realized.

Through the iterative process of the image processing, and the image expert engineer and the clinician ensure that the image/motif can accurately present organ and focus information, and a 3D printing file is generated.

Wherein the generating of the 3D print file may include: and generating a triangle mesh file acceptable for the 3D printer. For example: and converting the DICOM 3D reconstructed file into a triangular mesh file (stl) which can be identified by a 3D printer.

The three-dimensional reconstructed file formed by DICOM needs to be converted into a triangular mesh file (. stl) to be recognized by a 3D printer. Triangle mesh files are standard file types used by rapid prototyping systems and are composed of closed faces or volumes.

And then, performing print file optimization on the generated 3D print file. The printed document is adjusted and optimized on the basis of lossless medical reconstruction information (anatomy and lesion). For example: mixing, sealing, cutting, filling, arranging, shell file dividing, adding, converting and the like.

The medical image DICOM 3D reconstruction file is converted into the triangular mesh files one by one, the influence of precision variation and format conversion formed in the conversion on modeling needs to be eliminated, and the printing precision can be ensured by adjusting the number and the size of the mesh files and by an interpolation method. In addition, the files which are not closed or opened are needed to be patched and filled, because the files which are not closed or opened are not accepted by the printer, the files must be patched by post-processing, for example, a method of multiple interpolation or a method of boundary growing can be adopted. Meanwhile, the influence of the post-processing step on the original modeling is avoided, namely, in the image post-processing, the deviation value between the final processing modeling and the modeling generated by the system attribute of the image equipment is within a preset range.

In an exemplary embodiment, different 3D printers have different requirements for the triangular mesh file due to different printing modes, for example, the minimum size, the minimum wall thickness, the minimum inclination, and the like, and the finally formed triangular mesh file needs to be further adjusted according to the system parameters of the 3D printer used and the material characteristics of the material forming the mold body. Since the minimum printable size, the minimum wall thickness, the inclination, etc. of different materials are different based on the density, hardness, and agglomeration time of the materials, these basic parameters are set according to the actually used materials.

For example, with a photosensitive resin material, the minimum dimension can reach 0.016mm, but with a rubber-like material, the minimum dimension can only be 1mm, with a wall thickness greater than 1 mm.

And finally, 3D printing of the die body is carried out based on the generated 3D printing file.

The 3D printing process and the selection of the printing material may be performed first. For example: processing of photosensitive materials, mixing of digital resin materials, material density adjustment, color indication, and the like.

Subsequently, 3D printing is performed. For example: optimized uniform adjustment of a printing system, adjustment of rigidity and hardness of a die body and the like.

The method for manufacturing the phantom provided by the embodiment of the invention combines a 3D printing technology and a medical image technology, utilizes the medical image DICOM reconstruction and post-processing technology, truly reflects the information of organs/focuses, applies an image conversion technology to convert a medical DICOM reconstruction file into a triangular mesh file acceptable by a 3D printer, combines the imaging characteristics (such as x-ray absorption and attenuation characteristics) of medical image equipment, applies a high-resolution (such as 0.016mm)3D printing technology to manufacture the medical phantom which reproduces the organ/focus information in a real object form and accurately reflects the anatomical structure of a human body, and can be used for confirming and optimizing clinical scanning protocols, adjusting systems and parameters of large-scale medical image equipment and assisting in generating new inspection standards and protocols of the medical image equipment.

As shown in fig. 3, in step S200, a clinical need is established.

In step S210, system attributes of an imaging device using the phantom are analyzed.

In step S220, the structure and function of the motif are determined.

Determining a structure and function of the phantom based on the clinical requirements and system attributes of an imaging device using the medical phantom.

For example, in order to meet the calibration and parameter adjustment of CT devices, medical phantoms must possess device properties such as multiple details, high resolution (temporal/spatial), high sensitivity to x-ray attenuation, and aging resistance. Meanwhile, the specific attributes of clinical pathology and focus presented by CT equipment, such as anatomical structure, CT attenuation value, energy spectrum stability and the like, are required to be possessed. This allows the use of phantom characteristics that calibrate the device and adjust system parameters.

In an exemplary embodiment, the structure of the phantom is determined primarily by the anatomical properties of the lesion and organ, as well as the highest spatial resolution required for the imaging device using the phantom. The function of the phantom is mainly determined according to the imaging attribute of the imaging equipment using the phantom and the physiological function finished by the organ.

In step S230, the constituent materials of the mold body are determined.

Most of CT (computed tomography) mold bodies in the existing market are designed for testing CT (computed tomography) equipment rays, most of the CT mold bodies are spherical and cylindrical water molds or single PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrylate) mold bodies, the CT mold bodies are manufactured by machine shearing or manual grinding, the CT mold bodies are single in shape, and the shape and the imitation of the CT mold bodies are quite different from those of clinical application. The advanced CT die body is also mainly in a standard mechanical shape, and material samples with different attenuation densities are embedded in the CT die body, so that the CT die body is mainly used for system debugging and testing and is difficult to really realize clinical service.

In the embodiment of the invention, the simulated tissue material with specific characteristics is generated based on the imaging characteristics and the principle of the imaging device which is suitable for the phantom.

For example, the imaging principle of the CT apparatus is based on the attenuation coefficient of x-rays to human tissue and organs, i.e. the attenuation values of x-rays passing through different human tissue and organs are different. To make CT-related phantom, the x-ray attenuation values of the material need to be measured and calibrated to be as close as possible to the simulated human tissue and organs. For example, the nano composite material can be prepared by PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) and nano molecular materials with high attenuation values according to a certain proportion, and the CT values of the nano composite materials with different proportions in the x-ray are in a nearly linear relationship. For example, the phantom may also be infused with an iodine contrast agent mixed with saline to simulate the imaging of arteriovenous vessels in CT. As another example, polyurethane foam may be used to simulate lung structure. Also for example, epoxy may be used to simulate solid water, and the like. The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described simulated tissue material.

In step S240, a lesion and/or organ prototype is modeled.

In the embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional simulation modeling and the three-dimensional modeling registration and fusion based on the medical image are used for performing focus and/or organ prototype modeling for illustration. Steps S250 to S270 may be included.

In step S250, three-dimensional simulation modeling of the lesion and/or organ is performed to generate a first modeling file of the lesion and/or organ.

In step S260, a three-dimensional medical image-based modeling of the lesion and/or organ is performed, and a second modeling file of the lesion and/or organ is generated.

In step S270, the first modeling file and the second modeling file are subjected to image registration and fusion, and a modeling file of the lesion and/or organ is generated and 3D printed.

In the embodiment of the invention, a simulation model can be established through three-dimensional simulation modeling based on clinical requirements and system attributes of imaging equipment using the phantom, the simulation model and the modeling formed by medical images are subjected to image registration and fusion, and then the simulation model and the modeling formed by the medical images are imported into a 3D printer for printing.

In an exemplary embodiment, different printed materials are selected for each modeling file (each modeling file may or may not have a material selection, as long as the lesion and organ are marked according to clinical needs and modeling files) according to the structural and functional requirements of the motif itself. For example, single curable liquid photosensitive resins, digital hybrid ultraviolet curable photosensitive resins, rubber-like photosensitive resins, transparent photosensitive resins, monochromatic rigid opaque and colored opaque or translucent photosensitive resins, and combinations of these miscible liquid photosensitive resins can range up to thousands of digital materials. These materials vary in density and color, may be incorporated into other materials, and may range in structure, color, and x-ray attenuation characteristics to mark different lesions and organs. By using the multi-composition (i.e. the infinite mixable type of digital materials, such as the pigment mixture of oil paintings), the real organ and lesion information can be reflected from the external features, such as color, shape, hardness, and the like, and the characteristics and parameters of the imaging device suitable for the phantom can be reflected from the functions, such as the density of the material, the absorption rate and attenuation characteristics of x-rays.

The selected simulated human tissue material is used as a printing material of each modeling file, and the printing of the anatomical structure of the lesion and/or organ is performed by using the simulated human tissue material, for example, by means of fusion, perfusion, sintering, and the like.

The die body manufactured by the method can accurately reflect human detail anatomical mechanisms, focus/pathological information and a clinical medicine die body which embodies the performance of image medical equipment, and has better stability (for example, under the long-term exposure of X-rays) and cost payability.

In an exemplary embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 3, the method further comprises: in step S280, a normalization of clinical parameters of the phantom is performed. It should be noted that, although step S280 is placed after steps S250 to S270 in fig. 3, in other embodiments, step S280 may be performed simultaneously with steps S250, S260, and S270.

In an exemplary embodiment, the normalizing of the clinical parameters of the phantom comprises: the appearance characterization of the phantom is normalized.

In an exemplary embodiment, normalizing the appearance representation of the phantom includes: different color prescriptions are made for the respective organs and/or lesions.

Wherein the appearance of the phantom is standardized and the corresponding organ/lesion may be color-defined according to medical practice, e.g., aorta for red, veins for blue, glands for green, peripheral tissue for transparent or translucent, etc. The present disclosure is not limited thereto.

In an exemplary embodiment, the method further comprises: normalizing the functional properties of the phantom.

In an exemplary embodiment, normalizing the functional characteristics of the motif includes: according to the imaging characteristics of the imaging equipment, different organs and/or focuses are characterized by adopting different printing materials or adding bionic materials.

The functional characteristics of the phantom are standardized, and different organs/lesions adopt different printing materials or are marked with presentation characteristics of the phantom under the imaging of specific imaging equipment by adding bionic materials according to the system attributes of the imaging equipment.

For example, in CT imaging (HU values vary greatly depending on the energy spectrum of the x-generator, the material and thickness of the filter passed through, and are only illustrated here), the imaging characteristics of the blood vessel with contrast agent 400-600HU, then the CT value of the printing material or the bionic material used to print the blood vessel wall and the internal blood should also be within the range of 400-600 HU; the CT value of a parenchymal organ such as a liver, a pancreas, a spleen and a bionic material is between 100 and 300HU, so the CT value of the material for printing and representing the parenchymal organ or the bionic material is in the interval, and shows certain regular change according to different energy spectrums of different x-generators (the HU value changes according to the difference of the energy spectrums, the spatial resolution changes at the same time, and a change curve between an energy spectrum curve and the bionic material is particularly required to be drawn); the CT value of bone generally ranges between 400-1200HU, and varies with respect to different functional and anatomic locations, and the CT value for printing and characterizing bone material or biomimetic material should also fall within this interval. Wherein the CT value for realizing printing materials or adding bionic materials is controlled within a preset range, and the HU range can be controlled by using the nano composite material.

The filter is a device of the imaging apparatus itself for changing the image source characteristics, for example, an aluminum filter of the CT system, through which the energy spectrum of x-rays is changed, and thus the imaging attenuation of the organ is changed.

In an exemplary embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 3, the method may further comprise: in step S290, the phantom is used to perform system calibration and/or parameter verification on the imaging device.

And putting the generated medical phantom into imaging equipment for verification and test, and listing an equipment deviation correction table and specific change curve fitting for daily use and system calibration. The functional properties of the phantom may be indicated in a data table, for example, for a CT device, under scanning conditions: the voltage is 120kV, the current is 300mA, the filter is 10mm aluminum, wherein the CT value ranges of bones, parenchymal organs, muscles, blood vessels, lungs, brains and the like are respectively noted, and the CT value ranges are used as a clinical standard for calibrating and calibrating the imaging equipment, and clinical scanning protocols can be selected and optimized.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of DICOM neck medical images acquired by an imaging device in an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. Here, the example of the imaging device being a CT device is given for illustration, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.

Skull CT is one of the very important and very common examinations in brain, and has important significance in diagnosing craniocerebral diseases such as trauma, tumor, inflammation, vasculopathy, poisoning, degeneration and the like. CT examination of the cranium is a method of examining the cranium by CT. The skull CT is a novel examination method which is convenient, rapid, safe, painless and atraumatic to examine, and can clearly display the anatomical relationship of different cross sections of the skull and the specific brain tissue structure. Thereby greatly improving the detection rate of pathological changes and the accuracy of diagnosis.

And (3) carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction on the CT image obtained by scanning in the figure 4, modeling by computer modeling software, usually modeling by computer aided design or computer animation modeling software, and partitioning the built three-dimensional model into sections, namely slices, layer by layer so as to guide a printer to print layer by layer.

The printer prints the sections layer by reading the information of the cross sections in the document and using the preselected liquid, powder or sheet material, and then the sections are bonded together in various ways to manufacture an entity, namely the die body.

As shown in fig. 7, the apparatus 10 for forming the mold body may include: a structure and function determination module 100, a constituent material determination module 110, a modeling module 120, and a printing module 130.

The structure and function determining module 100 may be configured to determine the structure and function of the phantom according to clinical requirements and system attributes of an imaging device to which the phantom is applied.

The constituent material determination module 110 may be configured to determine the constituent material of the phantom based on the structure and function of the phantom.

The modeling module 120 may be configured to model a lesion and/or organ for the creation of a phantom, and obtain a modeling file of the lesion and/or organ.

The printing module 130 may be configured to manufacture the motif by using a 3D printing method according to the modeling file and the constituent material of the motif.

The specific implementation of each module of the apparatus for manufacturing a mold body according to the embodiment of the present invention may refer to the embodiment of the method for manufacturing a mold body shown in fig. 1 to 6, and is not described herein again.

It should be noted that although in the above detailed description several modules of means/devices for action execution are mentioned, such a division is not mandatory. Indeed, the features and functionality of two or more of the modules described above may be embodied in one module, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. Conversely, the features and functions of one module described above may be further divided into embodiments by a plurality of modules.

Moreover, although the steps of the methods of the present disclosure are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this does not require or imply that the steps must be performed in this particular order, or that all of the depicted steps must be performed, to achieve desirable results. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step execution, and/or one step broken down into multiple step executions, etc.

Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

Claims

1. A method of forming a mold body, comprising:

manufacturing the die body by a 3D printing method according to the modeling file and the composition materials of the die body; modeling a lesion and/or organ used for the motif production, and obtaining a modeling file of the lesion and/or organ includes:

carrying out image registration and fusion on the first modeling file and the second modeling file to generate a modeling file of the focus and/or organ;

wherein, modeling the focus and/or organ used for the motif production, and acquiring the modeling file of the focus and/or organ further comprises:

processing the modeling file to form a preset format file which can be identified by a 3D printer, wherein the preset format file is a triangular mesh file;

wherein processing the modeling file to form a preset format file that can be recognized by a 3D printer includes:

converting the modeling file into the preset format file that can be recognized by the 3D printer through image format conversion to eliminate the influence of the precision deterioration and format conversion formed in the conversion on modeling, which includes: adjusting the number and the size of the triangular mesh files, and ensuring the printing precision by an interpolation method; adopting post-processing to patch and fill the triangle mesh file which is not closed or opened, wherein the post-processing comprises a method of sampling multiple times of interpolation or a method of boundary growth;

and adjusting the preset format file according to the system parameters of the 3D printer and the material characteristics of the composition materials.

2. The method of fabricating the mold body according to claim 1, further comprising: normalization of clinical parameters of the phantom.

3. The method of fabricating a phantom according to claim 2, wherein the normalisation of clinical parameters of the phantom comprises: the appearance characterization of the phantom is normalized.

4. The method of fabricating a mold body according to claim 3, wherein normalizing the appearance characteristic of the mold body comprises: different color prescriptions are made for the respective organs and/or lesions.

5. The method of fabricating the mold body according to claim 1, further comprising: normalizing the functional properties of the phantom.

6. The method of fabricating a mold body according to claim 5, wherein normalizing the functional properties of the mold body comprises: according to the imaging characteristics of the imaging equipment, different organs and/or focuses are characterized by adopting different printing materials or adding bionic materials.

7. The method of fabricating the mold body according to claim 1, further comprising: and carrying out system calibration and/or parameter verification on the imaging equipment by using the phantom.

8. An apparatus for forming a mold body, comprising:

a modeling module, configured to model a lesion and/or an organ used for the motif production, and obtain a modeling file of the lesion and/or the organ, including: carrying out three-dimensional simulation modeling on the focus and/or organ to generate a first modeling file of the focus and/or organ; performing three-dimensional modeling of the lesion and/or organ based on medical images, and generating a second modeling file of the lesion and/or organ; carrying out image registration and fusion on the first modeling file and the second modeling file to generate a modeling file of the focus and/or organ;

the printing module is used for manufacturing the die body by a 3D printing method according to the modeling file and the composition material of the die body;

the modeling module is further used for processing the modeling file to form a preset format file which can be recognized by the 3D printer, and the preset format file is a triangular mesh file;

wherein processing the modeling file to form a preset format file that can be recognized by a 3D printer includes: converting the modeling file into the preset format file that can be recognized by the 3D printer through image format conversion to eliminate the influence of the precision deterioration and format conversion formed in the conversion on modeling, which includes: adjusting the number and the size of the triangular mesh files, and ensuring the printing precision by an interpolation method; adopting post-processing to patch and fill the triangle mesh file which is not closed or opened, wherein the post-processing comprises a method of sampling multiple times of interpolation or a method of boundary growth; and adjusting the preset format text according to the system parameters of the 3D printer and the material characteristics of the composition materials.