CN106871876A - Towards the water regime monitoring and analysis system and its method of Tongjiang lake ecological water need - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of water regime monitoring towards Tongjiang lake ecological water need and analysis system and its method, the system include with control maintenance module be connected respectively need water computing module, real-time monitoring module, analysis contrast module and display output module, need water computing module needs water computing unit including ecosystem of lake regions, go out lake water demand for natural service computing unit and enter lake water demand for natural service computing unit, real-time monitoring module is included into lake current amount monitoring unit, go out lake current amount monitoring unit and lake region Condition Monitoring Unit, analysis contrast module receives from real-time monitoring module and needs the data of water computing module and be analyzed and compare, display output module will analyze the data that obtain of contrast module and show and extract output.The present invention solves the problems, such as that Tongjiang lake ecological water need meets the real-time monitoring of situation, and can respectively measure the ecosystem of lake regions in lake needs water Service Efficiency, goes out lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency and enter lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency, and intuitively dynamically shows.

Description

Towards the water regime monitoring and analysis system and its method of Tongjiang lake ecological water need

Technical field

The invention is related to hydraulic engineering and fwaater resources protection technical field, more particularly to a kind of towards the life of Tongjiang lake State needs the water regime monitoring and analysis system and its method of water.

Background technology

The ecosystem is the basic natural conditions of human survival and development, water be maintain the ecosystem control selector it One.But in the period of very long in, development and utilization of the mankind to water resource is mainly directed towards human society and expanding economy, suddenly The demand of ecological environment is omited.The construction and development of hydraulic engineering, for social economy provides important leverage, but thereby result in The change in river and water resources in lake quantity and state, also the ecosystem to river and lake exert a certain influence.It is right Water resources rational ground is developed, should by consider the ecosystem need water premised on, the balance mankind and the ecosystem need water, with Ensure the sustainable use of resource and the sustainable development of social economy.

Tongjiang lake refers to the lake that water quality exchanges are directly connected and can freely carried out with rivers, in flood of regulating and storing, is delayed The aspects such as solution arid, offer surrounding water, maintenance Fisheries Development and protection species diversity are played an important role.It is general and Speech, water flows into lake from the lake inlet of Tongjiang lake upstream, through the pondage capacity in lake after, from the rivers and lakes that lake connects out with rivers River conjunction goes out lake, and water also can enter lake from rivers and lakes river conjunction sometimes.Due to directly being connected with river, the hydrology-water quality bar in Tongjiang lake Part is directly influenceed by rivers current condition, especially in the case where upper reaches has built hydraulic engineering, the current in downstream Condition there occurs large change, if situation is not met to the water demand for natural service in Tongjiang lake and is sufficiently studied and provided rationally Guarantee, the ecosystem in lake is likely to seriously be threatened.The Arid Problem in Tongjiang lake also repeatedly occurs in recent years, So that the regimen detection towards Tongjiang lake ecological water need is extremely urgent.

Water demand for natural service research is the focus of recent domestic extensive concern, both at home and abroad for the research of " water demand for natural service ", It is concentrated mainly on the ecological environment water demand aspect in river.The Water Requirement in lake is to maintain Lakes harmonious to must with stable The water that must be consumed, water demand for natural service Service Efficiency refers to the degree that the current water in lake disclosure satisfy that lake ecological water need amount.Tongjiang Lake belongs to type lake of handling up, and its water demand for natural service includes needing water into lake water demand for natural service, ecosystem of lake regions and goes out lake water demand for natural service.But Currently associated field belongs to the analysis phase mostly for the research of water demand for natural service, particularly with Tongjiang lake, at present not one What kind effective means were capable of real-time monitoring Tongjiang lake ecological water need meets situation.

The water demand for natural service in Tongjiang lake is calculated using effective method, then by real-time monitoring and analysis Tongjiang lake Regimen, so as to draw Tongjiang lake ecological water need Service Efficiency, can to a certain extent show the health status in Tongjiang lake, It is protection Tongjiang lake ecosystem, and the reference of key is provided for the integrated operation of upstream hydraulic engineering.In ecological environment Of increasing concern, Tongjiang lake health is faced under the background of great number of issues, towards the regimen prison of the water demand for natural service in Tongjiang lake Survey and analyze, the scheduling for protection and the hydraulic engineering of ecological environment all has great importance.

The content of the invention

In view of this, the threat for being faced for Tongjiang lake ecological environment, makes up current lake ecological water need and meets situation A kind of shortage of monitoring, there is provided water regime monitoring and analysis system towards Tongjiang lake ecological water need, real-time monitoring Tongjiang lake Water demand for natural service meet situation so that for lake the ecosystem maintain certain normative reference is provided, be upstream hydraulic engineering Operation and regulation and control important reference frame is provided, prevent and avoid the degeneration of Tongjiang lake ecosystem.

To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme：

Towards the water regime monitoring and analysis system of Tongjiang lake ecological water need, including it is connected respectively with control maintenance module Need water computing module, real-time monitoring module, analysis contrast module and display output module, it is described need water computing module include lake region Water demand for natural service computing unit, go out lake water demand for natural service computing unit and enter lake water demand for natural service computing unit, when this module is run, it is necessary to It is input into the history hydrological data in Tongjiang lake, including lake level, area of lake, the rate of rainall (rainfall of unit interval of lake region Amount), the evaporation rate (evaporation capacity of unit interval) of lake region, and go out lake current amount needed for the lake outlet river course of Tongjiang, usually Refer to and go out lake current amount needed at the river conjunction of rivers and lakes, also Tongjiang lake enters lake；After completing to calculate, water computing module is needed to give birth to lake region The data output that state needs water, goes out lake water demand for natural service and enters lake water demand for natural service is to comparative analysis module；

The real-time monitoring module includes into lake current amount monitoring unit, goes out lake current amount monitoring unit and lake region status monitoring list Unit, enters lake current amount monitoring unit for several one-way flow meters, is arranged on each ingoing river and enters lake apart from flood period Mouthful upstream 1 km, be used to measure lake enters lake current amount；Go out lake current amount monitoring unit for type double flow meter, be arranged in lake The rivers and lakes river conjunction being connected with rivers, is used to measure lake current amount, when the current of river conjunction enter lake from rivers, flux scale It is designated as negative value；Lake region Condition Monitoring Unit needs water Service Efficiency monitor for several ecosystem of lake regions, if being arranged in lake A dry measurement point, the position of measurement point can according to lake form and measurement it needs to be determined that, be used to measure lake level, lake region and steam Hair rate and lake region rate of rainall；Real-time monitoring module will in real time enter lake current amount, go out lake current amount, lake level, lake region evaporation rate and lake Area's rate of rainall data output is to comparative analysis module；

It is described analysis contrast module receive from real-time monitoring module and need water computing module data and be analyzed and Compare, the display output module is connected with analysis contrast module, display output module will analyze the data that contrast module is obtained Show and extract output.

Further, it is described enter lake current amount monitoring unit be one-way flow meter, one-way flow meter is arranged on each and enters lake Enter the km of exit of a lake upstream 1 apart from flood period on river；It is described go out lake current amount monitoring unit be type double flow meter, bidirectional traffics Meter is arranged at the rivers and lakes river conjunction that Tongjiang lake connects with rivers.

Further, the lake region Condition Monitoring Unit, including some ecosystem of lake regions needs water Service Efficiency monitor, the lake Area's water demand for natural service Service Efficiency monitor includes level platform, and instrument container is connected with level platform, and the middle top of instrument container sets The cylindrical precipitation and evaporation ware of indent is equipped with, the madial wall of precipitation and evaporation ware is provided with water level sensor, the edge of precipitation and evaporation ware The edge of catchmenting for being higher by instrument container at least 2cm is provided with, is catchmented along the water surface at least 50cm is higher by when using, catchmented along for madial wall is perpendicular Straight to set the knife-edge structure that lateral wall is obliquely installed, the bottom middle part of precipitation and evaporation ware is provided with what is connected with precipitation and evaporation ware Water pipe, water pipe extends across level platform towards level platform, and Automatic water valve is provided with the water pipe of precipitation and evaporation ware, Micro pump is additionally provided with water pipe inside instrument container, water is provided with the water pipe between micro pump and Automatic water valve Meter；

Be additionally provided with level platform inside instrument container power supply and be connected respectively with power supply position indicator, microprocessor and Communicator, micro pump is connected with power supply, and water-level gauge is provided with the side wall of instrument container, and water-level gauge top half is float water level Meter, is used to measure the lake level when the water surface is higher than level platform, and water-level gauge bottom is laser water-level gauge, is used to measure and works as water Face is less than lake level during level platform, the elevation of level platform as water-level gauge zero point elevation, the lower end of level platform Retractable expansion link is connected with, the free end of expansion link is provided with drill bit.

Further, the control module to need water computing module, real-time monitoring module, analysis contrast module and show it is defeated Go out module send instruct and receive to need water computing module, real-time monitoring module, analysis contrast module and display output module it is anti- Feedforward information, realizes the control to each module, debugging and safeguards.

The invention also proposed a kind of water regime monitoring and analysis method towards Tongjiang lake ecological water need, including with Lower step：

(1) needing the ecosystem of lake regions of water computing module needs water computing unit, goes out lake water demand for natural service computing unit and enters lake ecology Water computing unit is needed to enter lake flow monitoring list to analysis contrast module, real-time monitoring module the data transfer after calculating respectively Unit, go out lake current amount monitoring unit and lake region Condition Monitoring Unit respectively will monitor data transfer to analysis contrast module；

(2) analysis contrast module is by the real-time monitoring module of reception and needs the data of water computing module to be analyzed and compare Compared with；

(3) display output module receives the data of comparative analysis module, by the minimum eco-grounderwater level in the lake region of day part, goes out lake Water Requirement, enter lake Water Requirement and real-time lake level, go out lake water amount, calculated flow into lake these data by figure line Form shows, real-time ecosystem of lake regions is needed into water Service Efficiency, gone out lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency, entered lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency and pass through The form of numeral shows, and can in the form of a file derive all data.

Further, the ecosystem of lake regions needs water computing unit, including the minimum eco-grounderwater level computing module in lake and lake region Minimum ecological water consumption computing module, wherein：

The minimum eco-grounderwater level computing module in lake realizes its function by following steps：

1. the historical summary data of lake level are calculated into the mean water of each period with ten days as Time segments division, is obtained Go out historical summary data of the lake level by ten days；2. by the waterlevel data of each period different year according to order from high to low Arrangement；3. using the water level value on the 95th hundredths of day part as the minimum ecological water place value H in the lake of this period_e；

The formula that lake region minimum ecological water consumption computing module is used for：

Wherein, W_ceIt is lake region minimum ecological water consumption；A_e(t)、E_e(t)、P_eT () is the area in t lake, evaporation rate, Rate of rainall, be in historical summary area of lake, lake region unit interval evaporation capacity, lake region unit interval rainfall within the corresponding period Respective average value.

Further, it is described go out lake water demand for natural service computing unit, calculate lake water demand for natural service using following formula：

Wherein, W_outeTo go out lake Water Requirement；Q_outeT () goes out lake current amount, one for needed for t lake outlet river course As refer to go out lake current amount needed at the river conjunction of rivers and lakes, by historical summary statistics draw.

Further, it is described enter lake water demand for natural service computing unit, calculated into lake water demand for natural service using following formula：

Wherein, W_ineTo enter lake Water Requirement；Q_ineT () always enters lake current amount for needed for the stream entering lake of t lake, by Historical summary statistics draws.

Further, the comparative analysis module receives the minimum eco-grounderwater level in day part lake for needing water computing module to transmit Value H_e, go out lake Water Requirement W_oute, enter lake Water Requirement W_ine, and real-time monitoring module transfer in real time enter lake current amount Q_in(t), lake level H (t), lake region evaporation rate E (t), lake region rate of rainall P (t), go out lake current amount Q_out(t), then using following The ecosystem of lake regions that formula calculates Tongjiang lake needs water Service Efficiency, goes out lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency and enters lake water demand for natural service satisfaction Rate：

1. Q is worked as_outDuring (t) >=0,

2. Q is worked as_outDuring (t) ＜ 0,

EWR_out=0

Wherein, EWR_l, EWR_out, EWR_inRespectively ecosystem of lake regions needs water Service Efficiency, goes out lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency, enters lake Water demand for natural service Service Efficiency；F is the reservoir storage-ga ge relation function in lake, and f (H (t)) is corresponding when representing that lake level is H (t) Lake storage；W_outTo go out lake water amount；W_cIt is lake region water consumption；G is the water surface area-ga ge relation function in lake, g (H (t)) represent corresponding lake area when being H (t) of lake level；W_inIt is calculated flow into lake.

In above-mentioned computing formula, it is right that ecosystem of lake regions needs the real-time Lake water quantity of water Service Efficiency to account for lake minimum ecological water level institute The percentage of water is answered to represent；Go out lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency use and go out the percentage table that lake water amount accounts for out lake Water Requirement in real time Show；Enter the real-time calculated flow into lake of lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency to account for lake region water consumption and go out the percentage table of lake Water Requirement sum Show, the lake water demand for natural service that enters for needing that water computing module calculates only serves with reference to comparing as historical data.Product in calculating Preferably one hour at times.

Further, at implementation steps (1)-(3), control module by need water computing module, real-time monitoring module, Analysis contrast module and display output module send instruction and reception and need water computing module, real-time monitoring module, analysis contrast mould The feedback information of block and display output module, realizes the control to each module, debugging and safeguards.

To realize the operation of foregoing display output module, the concrete scheme taken is as follows：

Described display output module receives the data of comparative analysis module, by the minimum eco-grounderwater level in the lake of day part, Go out lake Water Requirement, enter lake Water Requirement and real-time lake level, go out lake water amount, calculated flow into lake these data and pass through figure line Form show, real-time ecosystem of lake regions is needed into water Service Efficiency, is gone out lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency, is entered lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency Shown by the form of numeral.Wherein, the minimum eco-grounderwater level in lake and real-time lake level are plotted in same coordinate system Interior, abscissa is the time, and ordinate is water level value, and the right side of figure line shows that real-time ecosystem of lake regions needs water to meet rate score；In real time Go out lake water amount and be plotted in same coordinate system with lake Water Requirement is gone out, abscissa is the time, ordinate is water value, figure line Right side show that lake water demand for natural service meets rate score；Real-time calculated flow into lake is plotted in same coordinate system with lake environment water volume is entered Interior, abscissa is the time, and ordinate is water level value, and the right side of figure line to show and meet rate score into lake water demand for natural service.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are：

1st, the present invention solves the problems, such as that Tongjiang lake ecological water need meets the real-time monitoring of situation, can respectively measure lake Ecosystem of lake regions need water Service Efficiency, go out lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency and enter lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency, and intuitively dynamically show Out, the water demand for natural service that related personnel timely and accurately understands Tongjiang lake can be made to meet state；

2nd, the water demand for natural service that the present invention makes full use of the history hydrological data in lake to calculate and set lake, calculating process Clearly, and it is easy to be adjusted with needs according to specific circumstances；

3rd, the ecosystem of lake regions that the present invention is used needs water Service Efficiency monitor, and simple structure, prominent function is convenient in any position Laying is put, with stronger reliability and applicability, and the financial cost of instrument manufacturing is relatively low, easy to utilize；

4th, result can be carried out real-time visual and shows and output data file as needed by the present invention, be Tongjiang lake Ecological environmental protection important foundation is provided, and influence and consideration for research upstream hydraulic engineering to Tongjiang lake has Important reference is provided beneficial to the hydraulic engineering integrated dispatch improved the ecological environment.

Brief description of the drawings

In order that the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are clearer, the present invention provides drawings described below and carries out Explanation：

The system of the water regime monitoring that Fig. 1 is the invention embodiment towards Tongjiang lake ecological water need and analysis system Structural representation；

Fig. 2 is that the ecosystem of lake regions described in the invention embodiment needs water Service Efficiency monitor side schematic view；

Fig. 3 is that the ecosystem of lake regions described in the invention embodiment needs water Service Efficiency monitor instrument container schematic shapes；

Fig. 4 is that the ecosystem of lake regions described in the invention embodiment needs water Service Efficiency monitor top schematic diagram；

Fig. 5 is the arrangement schematic diagram of real-time monitoring module in certain Tongjiang lake in the invention embodiment；

Fig. 6 is by the end of the information schematic diagram shown by some time display output module of October 16, wherein figure (a) is two The minimum water demand for natural service in day part lake that monitoring point shows meets situation, and figure (b) is that day part goes out that lake is ecological to be needed in the present embodiment Water meets situation, and figure (c) is that day part enters lake Water Requirement and meets situation in embodiment.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

As shown in figure 1, water regime monitoring and analysis system of the present invention towards Tongjiang lake ecological water need, including tieed up with control What shield module was connected respectively needs water computing module, real-time monitoring module, analysis contrast module, display output module.Wherein, water is needed Computing module needs water computing unit, goes out lake water demand for natural service computing unit and enters lake water demand for natural service computing unit including ecosystem of lake regions； Real-time monitoring module includes into lake current amount monitoring unit, goes out lake current amount monitoring unit and lake region Condition Monitoring Unit；Water is needed to calculate The data transfer of module and real-time monitoring module to analysis contrast module；Data by contrast analysis module treatment after, the knot of gained Fruit shows in display output module and can as requested extract output；These modules are controlled by control maintenance module System, debugging and maintenance.

As shown in Fig. 2 the lake region Condition Monitoring Unit in real-time monitoring module, water Service Efficiency is needed by several ecosystem of lake regions Monitor is constituted.Ecosystem of lake regions need water Service Efficiency monitor include level platform 1, level platform 1 be square horizontal plate.Level Instrument container 2 is connected with platform, the middle top of instrument container 2 is provided with the cylindrical precipitation and evaporation ware 3 of indent.Instrument container 2 is The casing that waterproof material is made, downside and the waterproof sealing-in of level platform 1, upside and the waterproof sealing-in of precipitation and evaporation ware 3, instrument container 2 The latter half is square, is used to protect the instrument of inside.The top half of instrument container 2 is the circular curved body to square, It is used to reduce the rainwater interference beyond precipitation and evaporation ware 3, shape is as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.The madial wall of precipitation and evaporation ware 3 is provided with Water level sensor, is used to measure water level in ware.The edge of precipitation and evaporation ware 3 is provided with the edge of catchmenting for being higher by least 2cm of instrument container 2 4, catchment and the water surface at least 50cm is higher by when being used along 4.Catchment along 4 for madial wall is vertically arranged the knife-edge that lateral wall is obliquely installed Structure, be used to prevent rainwater splashes mistake.The bottom middle part of precipitation and evaporation ware 3 is provided with the water pipe 5 connected with precipitation and evaporation ware 3, Water pipe 5 extends across level platform 1 towards level platform 1.Automatic water valve is provided with the water pipe 5 of precipitation and evaporation ware 3 6, micro pump 8 is additionally provided with the water pipe 5 inside instrument container 2, set on the water pipe 5 between micro pump 8 and Automatic water valve 6 There is watermeter 7.Be additionally provided with level platform 1 inside instrument container 2 power supply 10 and be connected respectively with power supply 10 position indicator 11, Microprocessor 12 and communicator 13, micro pump 8 are connected with power supply 10, and water-level gauge 9, water level are provided with the side wall of instrument container 2 9 top halfs are counted for float gauge, is used to measure the lake level when the water surface is higher than level platform 1, the bottom of water-level gauge 9 is Laser water-level gauge, is used to measure the lake level when the water surface is less than level platform 1, and the elevation of level platform 1 is used as water-level gauge 9 Zero point elevation, the lower end of level platform 1 is connected with retractable expansion link 14, and the free end of expansion link 14 is provided with drill bit 15。

It is schematically illustrate to be with analysis using the water regime monitoring towards Tongjiang lake ecological water need of the invention in the present embodiment System meets situation and is monitored analysis to the water demand for natural service in certain Tongjiang lake September-October.

System uses preceding, it is necessary to first arrange real-time monitoring module, wherein：Enter lake current amount monitoring unit for several unidirectional streams Gauge, is arranged on each ingoing river and enters the km of exit of a lake upstream 1 apart from flood period, and be used to measure lake enters lake current Amount；Go out lake current amount monitoring unit for type double flow meter, be arranged in the rivers and lakes river conjunction that lake is connected with rivers, be used to measure lake Flow；Lake region Condition Monitoring Unit needs water Service Efficiency monitor for several ecosystem of lake regions, is arranged in several measurements in lake Point place, measurement point position can according to lake form and measure it needs to be determined that, be used to measure lake level, lake region evaporation rate and lake region Rate of rainall.In the present embodiment, enter lake current amount monitoring unit, go out lake current amount monitoring unit, ecosystem of lake regions and need water Service Efficiency monitor Position it is as shown in Figure 5.When arrangement ecosystem of lake regions needs water Service Efficiency monitor, expansion link 14 is adjusted to suitable length Degree, makes bar lower end stabilization embedment lakebed and drill bit 15 touches harder substrate, and upper end level platform 1 is in the lake of wet season Below water level, to catchment and be higher by the water surface at least 50cm along 4.

During system operation, first control maintenance module to need water computing module, real-time monitoring module, comparative analysis module, Display output module sends operating instruction, detects whether each module can normally be run, and next step is carried out if all going well, Otherwise return to the module title that is not normally functioning and the module is repaired.

Secondly, to the history hydrological data for needing water computing module to be input into lake, including lake level, area of lake, lake region Rate of rainall, the evaporation rate of lake region, in addition, in addition it is also necessary to which what is be input into needed for lake outlet river course goes out lake current amount (referred to herein as rivers and lakes Go out lake current amount needed at river conjunction) and lake lake outlet stream needed for always go out lake current amount.In the present embodiment, the history in lake Hydrological data is the evaporation rate day mean of the 1960-2010 lake levels of 50 years, area of lake, the rate of rainall of lake region, lake region According to；Rivers and lakes river conjunction go out needed for go out that lake current amount is set in historical summary lake in the case of normal flow year go out lake current amount average value, What the total flow of ingoing river was set in historical summary lake in the case of normal flow year goes out lake total flow average value.

Then, need water computing module needs water, goes out to the ecosystem of lake regions in the lake respectively according to the history hydrological data in lake Lake water demand for natural service, enter lake water demand for natural service and calculated.Wherein,

(1) ecosystem of lake regions need water calculating include the minimum eco-grounderwater level computing module in lake and lake region minimum ecological water consumption meter Calculate module.The minimum eco-grounderwater level computing module in lake realizes its function by following steps：

1. the historical summary data of lake level are calculated into the mean water of each period with ten days as Time segments division, is obtained Go out historical summary data of the lake level by ten days；

2. the waterlevel data of each period different year is arranged according to order from high to low；

3. using the water level value on the 95th hundredths of day part as the minimum ecological water place value H in the lake of this period_e。

Result of calculation is transmitted to comparative analysis module is used for subsequent analysis, finally shows and achieves in display output module, The minimum eco-grounderwater level result in day part lake is as shown in the dotted line of subgraph (a) in Fig. 6 in the present embodiment.

The formula that lake region minimum ecological water consumption computing module is used for：

Wherein, W_ceIt is lake region minimum ecological water consumption；A_e(t)、E_e(t)、P_eT () is the area in t lake, evaporation rate, Rate of rainall, is area of lake, lake region evaporation rate, lake region the rate of rainall respective average value within the corresponding period in historical summary.Meter Calculating result and transmitting to comparative analysis module is used for subsequent analysis.

(2) go out lake water demand for natural service to calculate, lake water demand for natural service is calculated using following formula：

Wherein, W_outeTo go out lake Water Requirement；Q_outeT () goes out lake current amount, one for needed for t lake outlet river course As refer to go out lake current amount needed at the river conjunction of rivers and lakes, by historical summary statistics draw.

Result of calculation is transmitted to comparative analysis module is used for subsequent analysis, finally shows and achieves in display output module, Day part goes out lake Water Requirement result as shown in the dotted line of subgraph (b) in Fig. 6 in the present embodiment.

(3) enter lake water demand for natural service to calculate, calculated into lake water demand for natural service using following formula：

Wherein, W_ineTo enter lake Water Requirement；Q_ineT () always enters lake current amount for needed for the stream entering lake of t lake, by Historical summary statistics draws.

Result of calculation is transmitted to comparative analysis module is used for subsequent analysis, finally shows and achieves in display output module, The day part calculated in the present embodiment enters lake Water Requirement result as shown in the dotted line of subgraph (c) in Fig. 6.

While needing water computing module to run, the operation of real-time monitoring module.Enter lake current amount monitoring unit real-time monitoring every Entering lake current amount and transmitting to comparative analysis module for ingoing river is used for subsequent analysis, finally shows and deposits in display output module Shelves, end into some time October 16 calculated flow into lake real-time monitoring result such as Fig. 6 the shown in solid of subgraph (c) in the present embodiment.

Go out at the rivers and lakes river conjunction that lake current amount monitoring unit real-time monitoring lake is connected with rivers and go out lake current amount, when crossing Mouthful current from rivers enter lake when, marked traffic is negative value.Monitoring result is transmitted to comparative analysis module is used for follow-up point Analysis, finally shows and achieves in display output module, ends in the present embodiment to some time October 16 and goes out lake water amount real-time monitoring Subgraph (b) is shown in solid in result such as Fig. 6.

When ecosystem of lake regions needs water Service Efficiency monitor to run, power supply 10 is to each assembly power supply；Microprocessor 12 is to each component The instruction that the control maintenance module received through communicator 13 is transmitted is sent, and receives the service data of each component；Position indicator 11 is opened Dynamic finder；Water-level gauge 9 starts to measure lake level, if lake is higher than level platform 1, by the float gauge on top Measurement, if lake is less than level platform 1, is measured by the laser water level meter of bottom, and monitoring result is transmitted to comparative analysis mould Block is used for subsequent analysis, finally shows and achieves in display output module, ends in the present embodiment to some time October 16 lake Subgraph (a) is shown in solid in the monitoring result such as Fig. 6 of water level.According to the characteristics of lake and subregion, two lake regions lifes are arranged State needs water Service Efficiency monitor, figure (a) to contain two figures, and two data of monitoring point are shown respectively.

Precipitation and evaporation ware 3, catchment along 4, water pipe 5, Automatic water valve 6, watermeter 7, micro pump 8 jointly complete lake region rainfall The measurement of rate and evaporation rate, including two kinds of working conditions：

1. during rainfall, lake region rate of rainall is measured

First, Automatic water valve 6 is opened, and the water in precipitation and evaporation ware 3 is flowed down through water pipe 5, to the madial wall of precipitation and evaporation ware 3 Water level sensor feedback water level reached the bottom of precipitation and evaporation ware 3 i.e. zero water level when, Automatic water valve 6 is closed, while micro- place Reason device 12 starts timing；

(a) when the rainwater in the water level sensor feedback precipitation and evaporation ware 3 of madial wall reaches upper limit water level, microprocessor 12 terminate timing, while Automatic water valve 6 is opened, microprocessor 12 calculates rate of rainall, and the formula of use is as follows：

Wherein, P represents the rate of rainall of measurement period, and h represents the upper limit water level of precipitation and evaporation ware 3, and Δ t represents microprocessor Timing time；

If b the water level of () precipitation and evaporation ware 3 not yet reaches the rainfall of upper limit water level stopping, microprocessor 12 stops in rainfall Terminate timing when only, while Automatic water valve 6 is opened, the water level sensor feedback water level to the madial wall of precipitation and evaporation ware 3 has been reached When the bottom of precipitation and evaporation ware 3 is zero water level, Automatic water valve 6 is closed, while watermeter 7 measures the water for flowing through water pipe 5, it is micro- Processor 12 calculates rate of rainall, and the formula of use is as follows：

Wherein, P represents the rate of rainall of measurement period, and w represents the water of the measurement of watermeter 7, and s represents precipitation and evaporation ware 3 Area, Δ t represents the timing time of microprocessor.

2. during not rainfall, lake region evaporation rate is measured

First, Automatic water valve 6 is opened, and the water in precipitation and evaporation ware 3 is flowed down through water pipe 5, to the madial wall of precipitation and evaporation ware 3 Water level sensor feedback water level reached the bottom of precipitation and evaporation ware 3 i.e. zero water level when；

Start micro pump 8, water is evacuated in precipitation and evaporation ware 3 from lake (if the length of water pipe 5 is not enough, can external one Section flexible pipe, to ensure to be drawn water), the water level sensor feedback water level to the madial wall of precipitation and evaporation ware 3 has reached precipitation During the upper limit water level of evaporating dish 3, Automatic water valve 6 is closed, and microprocessor 12 starts timing；

Due to evaporation left and right, the water in precipitation and evaporation ware 3 can be gradually decreased, to the water level sense of the madial wall of precipitation and evaporation ware 3 When answering device to feed back water level decreasing 10mm, microprocessor 12 terminates timing and calculates lake region evaporation rate, and the formula of use is as follows：

Wherein, E represents the rate of rainall of measurement period, and Δ t represents the timing time of microprocessor 12.

In the present embodiment, two ecosystem of lake regions are needed microprocessor 12 rate of rainall and evaporation rate number of water Service Efficiency monitor According to averaging, then being transmitted to comparative analysis module by communicator 13 is used for subsequent analysis.

Comparative analysis module receives the minimum ecological water place value H in day part lake for needing water computing module to transmit_e, lake region it is minimum Ecological water use resources W_ce, go out lake Water Requirement W_oute, enter lake Water Requirement W_ine, and real-time monitoring module transfer is real-time Each ingoing river enters lake current amount Q_in(t)_k, rivers and lakes river conjunction go out lake current amount Q_outT (), lake level H (t), lake region are averagely steamed Hair rate E (t), average rate of rainall P (t) in lake region, the ecosystem of lake regions for then calculating lake using below equation need water Service Efficiency, go out Lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency and enter lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency：

1. Q is worked as_outDuring (t) >=0,

2. Q is worked as_outDuring (t) ＜ 0,

EWR_out=0

Wherein, EWR_l, EWR_out, EWR_inRespectively ecosystem of lake regions needs water Service Efficiency, goes out lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency, enters lake Water demand for natural service Service Efficiency；F is the reservoir storage-ga ge relation function in lake, and such as f (H (t)) represents lake level when that is H (t) institute Corresponding Lake water quantity；W_outTo go out lake water amount；W_cIt is lake region water consumption；G is the water surface area-ga ge relation function, example in lake Corresponding lake area when such as g (H (t)) represents that lake level is H (t)；Q_inT () is that each ingoing river enters lake current amount Q_in(t)_kSum；W_inIt is calculated flow into lake.

In above-mentioned computing formula, it is right that ecosystem of lake regions needs the real-time Lake water quantity of water Service Efficiency to account for lake minimum ecological water level institute The percentage of water is answered to represent；Go out lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency use and go out the percentage table that lake water amount accounts for out lake Water Requirement in real time Show；Enter the real-time calculated flow into lake of lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency to account for lake region water consumption and go out the percentage table of lake Water Requirement sum Show, the lake water demand for natural service that enters for needing that water computing module calculates only serves with reference to comparing as historical data；Integration time is selected It is 1 hour.

The data result of comparative analysis module analysis is transmitted to display output module and shown and archive, 10 in the present embodiment 16 some time of moon ecosystem of lake regions in lake needs water Service Efficiency, goes out lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency and enters lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency result As shown in the numeral in right side square frame in Fig. 6.As can be seen that now three, Tongjiang lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency is not up to 100%, but ecosystem of lake regions retaining Service Efficiency is more than 80% with lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency is gone out, and situation is preferable；Enter lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency only has 26%, illustrates the water in lake and can substantially reduce；But calculated flow into lake now and the meter for entering lake water demand for natural service Calculation value difference and less, illustrates that now calculated flow into lake will not cause the significant changes of lake ecosystem in Tongjiang lake.

In whole process, control module with need water computing module, real-time monitoring module, analysis contrast module, display output Module carries out information exchange transmission, and control module sends the feedback information for instructing and receiving each module to other each modules, realizes Control, debugging and maintenance to each module.

Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although logical Cross above preferred embodiment to be described in detail the present invention, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art that can be Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.

Claims (10)

1. towards the water regime monitoring and analysis system of Tongjiang lake ecological water need, it is characterised in that：Including with control maintenance module What is connected respectively needs water computing module, real-time monitoring module, analyzes contrast module and display output module, described to need water to calculate mould Block needs water computing unit, goes out lake water demand for natural service computing unit and enters lake water demand for natural service computing unit, the reality including ecosystem of lake regions When monitoring modular include into lake current amount monitoring unit, go out lake current amount monitoring unit and lake region Condition Monitoring Unit, the analysis is right Received from real-time monitoring module than module and need the data of water computing module and be analyzed and compare, the display output mould Block be connected with analysis contrast module, and the analysis data that obtain of contrast module are showed and extract output by display output module.

2. the water regime monitoring and analysis system towards Tongjiang lake ecological water need according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： It is described enter lake current amount monitoring unit be one-way flow meter, one-way flow meter is arranged on each ingoing river apart from flood period Enter the km of exit of a lake upstream 1；It is described go out lake current amount monitoring unit be type double flow meter, type double flow meter be arranged on Tongjiang lake with At the rivers and lakes river conjunction of rivers connection.

3. the water regime monitoring and analysis system towards Tongjiang lake ecological water need according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： The lake region Condition Monitoring Unit, including some ecosystem of lake regions need the water Service Efficiency monitor, the ecosystem of lake regions to need water Service Efficiency Monitor includes level platform (1), and instrument container (2) is connected with level platform, and the middle top of instrument container (2) is provided with indent Cylindrical precipitation and evaporation ware (3), the madial wall of precipitation and evaporation ware (3) is provided with water level sensor, the edge of precipitation and evaporation ware (3) The edge (4) of catchmenting for being higher by instrument container (2) at least 2cm is provided with, to be catchmented and be higher by the water surface at least 50cm, edge of catchmenting when being used along (4) (4) for madial wall is vertically arranged the knife-edge structure that lateral wall is obliquely installed, the bottom middle part of precipitation and evaporation ware (3) be provided with The water pipe (5) of precipitation and evaporation ware (3) connection, water pipe (5) extends across level platform (1) towards level platform (1), near drop Automatic water valve (6) is provided with the water pipe (5) of water evaporation ware (3), is additionally provided with the internal water pipe (5) of instrument container (2) miniature Water pump (8), watermeter (7) is provided with the water pipe (5) between micro pump (8) and Automatic water valve (6)；

Power supply (10) and the position indicator being connected respectively with power supply (10) are additionally provided with the internal level platform (1) of instrument container (2) (11), microprocessor (12) and communicator (13), micro pump (8) are connected with power supply (10), are set on the side wall of instrument container (2) There is water-level gauge (9), water-level gauge (9) top half is float gauge, be used to measure the lake when the water surface is higher than level platform (1) Pool water level, water-level gauge (9) bottom is laser water-level gauge, is used to measure the lake level when the water surface is less than level platform (1), water The elevation of quasi- platform (1) as water-level gauge (9) zero point elevation, the lower end of level platform (1) is connected with retractable expansion link (14), the free end of expansion link (14) is provided with drill bit (15).

4. the water regime monitoring and analysis system towards Tongjiang lake ecological water need according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： The control module to need water computing module, real-time monitoring module, analysis contrast module and display output module send instruction simultaneously Receiving needs the feedback information of water computing module, real-time monitoring module, analysis contrast module and display output module, realizes to each mould Control, debugging and the maintenance of block.

5. a kind of method of water regime monitoring based on described in claim 1 towards Tongjiang lake ecological water need and analysis system, It is characterised in that it includes following steps：

(1) needing the ecosystem of lake regions of water computing module needs water computing unit, goes out lake water demand for natural service computing unit and enters lake water demand for natural service Computing unit respectively by the data transfer after calculating to analysis contrast module, real-time monitoring module enter lake current amount monitoring unit, The data transfer that going out lake current amount monitoring unit and lake region Condition Monitoring Unit will monitor respectively gives analysis contrast module；

(2) analysis contrast module is by the real-time monitoring module of reception and needs the data of water computing module to be analyzed and compare；

(3) display output module receives the data of comparative analysis module, by the minimum eco-grounderwater level in the lake region of day part, goes out lake ecology Water requirement, enter lake Water Requirement and real-time lake level, go out the form that lake water amount, calculated flow into lake these data pass through figure line It has been shown that, needs real-time ecosystem of lake regions water Service Efficiency, goes out lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency, enters lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency by numeral Form show, and all data can in the form of a file be derived.

6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The ecosystem of lake regions needs water computing unit, including lake is most Low eco-grounderwater level computing module and lake region minimum ecological water consumption computing module, wherein：

The minimum eco-grounderwater level computing module in lake realizes its function by following steps：

1. the historical summary data of lake level are calculated into the mean water of each period with ten days as Time segments division, draws lake Historical summary data of the pool water level by ten days；2. the waterlevel data of each period different year is arranged according to order from high to low Row；3. using the water level value on the 95th hundredths of day part as the minimum ecological water place value H in the lake of this period_e；

The formula that lake region minimum ecological water consumption computing module is used for：

$W_{ce}={\∫}_0^t{A}_e\left(t\right)E_e\left(t\right)dt-{\∫}_0^t{A}_e\left(t\right)P_e\left(t\right)dt$

Wherein, W_ceIt is lake region minimum ecological water consumption；A_e(t)、E_e(t)、P_eT () is area, evaporation rate, the rainfall in t lake Rate, be in historical summary area of lake, lake region unit interval evaporation capacity, lake region unit interval rainfall within the corresponding period each Average value.

7. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is described go out lake water demand for natural service computing unit, using following public affairs Formula calculates lake water demand for natural service：

$W_{oute}={\∫}_0^t{Q}_{oute}\left(t\right)dt$

Wherein, W_outeTo go out lake Water Requirement；Q_outeT () goes out lake current amount for needed for t lake outlet river course, usually Refer to and go out lake current amount needed at the river conjunction of rivers and lakes, drawn by historical summary statistics.

8. the water regime monitoring and analysis method towards Tongjiang lake ecological water need according to claim 5, it is characterised in that： It is described enter lake water demand for natural service computing unit, calculated into lake water demand for natural service using following formula：

$W_{ine}={\∫}_0^t{Q}_{ine}\left(t\right)dt$

Wherein, W_ineTo enter lake Water Requirement；Q_ineT () always enters lake current amount for needed for the stream entering lake of t lake, by history Statistics draw.

9. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The comparative analysis module is received needs water computing module to transmit The minimum ecological water place value H in day part lake_e, go out lake Water Requirement W_oute, enter lake Water Requirement W_ine, and real-time monitoring Module transfer in real time enter lake current amount Q_inLake level H (t) of (t), t, lake region evaporation rate E (t) of t, t Lake region rate of rainall P (t), go out lake current amount Q_outT (), the ecosystem of lake regions for then calculating Tongjiang lake using below equation needs water full Sufficient rate, go out lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency and enter lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency：

1. Q is worked as_outDuring (t) >=0,

${\mathrm{EWR}}_l=\frac{f\left(H\left(t\right)\right)}{f\left(H_e\left(t\right)\right)}\×100\%$

$W_{out}={\∫}_0^t{Q}_{out}\left(t\right)dt$

${\mathrm{EWR}}_{out}=\frac{W_{out}}{W_{oute}}\×100\%$

$W_c={\∫}_0^{t}g\left(H\left(t\right)\right)E\left(t\right)dt-{\∫}_0^{t}g\left(H\left(t\right)\right)P\left(t\right)dt$

$W_{in}={\∫}_0^t{Q}_{in}\left(t\right)dt$

${\mathrm{EWR}}_{in}=\frac{W_{in}}{W_c+W_{oute}}\×100\%$

2. Q is worked as_outDuring (t) ＜ 0,

${\mathrm{EWR}}_l=\frac{f\left(H\left(t\right)\right)}{f\left(H_e\left(t\right)\right)}\×100\%$

EWR_out=0

$W_c={\∫}_0^{t}g\left(H\left(t\right)\right)E\left(t\right)dt-{\∫}_0^{t}g\left(H\left(t\right)\right)P\left(t\right)dt$

$W_{in}={\∫}_0^t{Q}_{in}\left(t\right)dt+{\∫}_0^t\[-Q_{out}\left(t\right)\]dt$

${\mathrm{EWR}}_{in}=\frac{W_{in}}{W_c+W_{oute}}\×100\%$

Wherein, EWR_l, EWR_out, EWR_inRespectively ecosystem of lake regions need water Service Efficiency, go out lake water demand for natural service Service Efficiency, to enter lake ecological Need water Service Efficiency；F is the reservoir storage-ga ge relation function in lake, lake f (H (t)) corresponding when representing that lake level is H (t) Pool reservoir storage；W_outTo go out lake water amount；W_cIt is lake region water consumption；G is the water surface area-ga ge relation function in lake, g (H (t)) Corresponding lake area when representing that lake level is H (t)；W_inIt is calculated flow into lake.

10. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：During step (1)-(3) are implemented, control module is led to Cross to need water computing module, real-time monitoring module, analysis contrast module and display output module send instruction and reception need water meter Calculate the feedback information of module, real-time monitoring module, analysis contrast module and display output module, realize to the control of each module, Debugging and maintenance.