CN106869216B - Construction process for exploiting soft rock by hydraulic cutter-suction dredger - Google Patents
Construction process for exploiting soft rock by hydraulic cutter-suction dredger Download PDFInfo
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- CN106869216B CN106869216B CN201710099891.4A CN201710099891A CN106869216B CN 106869216 B CN106869216 B CN 106869216B CN 201710099891 A CN201710099891 A CN 201710099891A CN 106869216 B CN106869216 B CN 106869216B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/28—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for cleaning watercourses or other ways
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/8833—Floating installations
- E02F3/885—Floating installations self propelled, e.g. ship
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
- E02F3/905—Manipulating or supporting suction pipes or ladders; Mechanical supports or floaters therefor; pipe joints for suction pipes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
- E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
- E02F3/9293—Component parts of suction heads, e.g. edges, strainers for preventing the entry of stones or the like
Abstract
The invention relates to a construction process for mining soft rock by a hydraulic cutter-suction dredger, which comprises the following steps: s1: construction preparation, confirm the excavation region, move the cutter suction ship to the excavation region in to transfer the bridge, rock layer thickness requires for the rock of 0.8 ~ 1.0m, according to rock layer 1:5, determining a digging point according to the slope ratio; s2: carrying out excavation region construction, namely firstly carrying out single-layer construction, and carrying out construction of a gradually-deep section from an excavation point by utilizing an excavating device; then, residual layer construction is carried out; s3: and repeating the step S2, and entering the next excavation area construction work. The invention has high construction efficiency and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dredging engineering, in particular to a construction process for mining soft rock by a hydraulic cutter suction dredger.
Background
The hydraulic cutter suction ship has the advantages of continuous operation, high production efficiency, low construction cost and the like, is important equipment for dredging, but is limited to the rock working condition to a certain extent, at present, a cofferdam dry type excavation mode is generally adopted for the rock working condition, namely, after seawater in an area to be excavated is drained by using a cofferdam, land machinery is used for excavating, the construction efficiency is low, the cost is high, and for soft rock, if a reasonable excavation mode and corresponding reasonable excavation equipment are adopted, the hydraulic cutter suction ship still has the capacity of excavating the soft rock.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a construction process for mining soft rock by using a hydraulic cutter-suction dredger, which has high construction efficiency and low cost.
The invention relates to a construction process for mining soft rock by a hydraulic cutter suction ship, wherein the hydraulic cutter suction ship comprises a ship body, a bridge, an excavating device and a trolley, and the construction process comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation for construction, which comprises: confirm the excavation region, move the cutter suction ship to the excavation region in to transfer the bridge, rock layer thickness requires for the rock of 0.8 ~ 1.0m, according to rock layer 1:5, determining a digging point according to the slope ratio;
s2: excavation area construction, it includes:
s201: performing single-layer construction, namely performing construction of a gradually-deepened section from a digging point by using an excavating device, wherein a reamer in the excavating device performs longitudinal construction according to the gradually-deepened proportion that each cutter has a depth of 0.5 m and a bridge is lowered by 0.1 m until the designed water depth is reached, then performing transverse construction according to the depth of 0.5 m of each cutter, and conveying excavated crushed stone to a designated area;
s202: constructing a residual layer, namely after single-layer construction is finished, moving a hydraulic cutter suction ship to a digging point through a trolley, constructing the residual layer by using an excavating device, constructing the bridge by keeping the bridge to horizontally translate according to the cutting depth of 1.5m, and conveying excavated broken stones to a specified area;
s3: and repeating the step S2, and entering the next excavation area construction work.
The invention relates to a construction process for mining soft rock by a hydraulic cutter-suction ship, wherein in the step S1, the hydraulic cutter-suction ship is connected with an anchor boat which drags the hydraulic cutter-suction ship to an excavation area.
The invention relates to a construction process for mining soft rock by a hydraulic cutter suction dredger, wherein in step S1, a sensor and a GPS positioning device are installed on a bridge.
The invention relates to a construction process for mining soft rock by a hydraulic cutter suction dredger, wherein in the step S2, a reamer adopts either a positive cutter feed or a negative cutter feed mode.
The invention relates to a construction process for mining soft rock by a hydraulic cutter suction dredger, wherein in step S2, the traversing speed of an excavating device is 5-6 m/min, the traversing pressure is 80-110 kg, the rotating speed of a reamer is 23 r/min, and the pressure of the reamer is 90-160 kg.
The invention relates to a construction process for mining soft rock by a hydraulic cutter suction ship, wherein a rock-preventing net for rock excavation is welded on a reamer.
The invention relates to a construction process for mining soft rock by a hydraulic cutter suction dredger, wherein cutter teeth of a reamer adopt sharp teeth for digging rock, and the cutter teeth are arranged on a tooth base.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: according to the method, during the process of mining soft rock by using the hydraulic cutter suction dredger, construction is carried out on the rock with the thickness of 0.8-1.0 m, construction is carried out at the slope ratio of 1:5 of the rock layer, single-layer construction is adopted, and then the residual layer is swept, so that the rock layer is gradually deepened and is smashed layer by layer, the convenience of construction is provided, the wear rate of a reamer during the construction process is reduced, and the construction efficiency is guaranteed.
The construction process for mining soft rock by the hydraulic cutter-suction dredger is further explained with reference to the attached drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction process of the hydraulic cutter-suction dredger for exploiting soft rock;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a hydraulic cutter-suction vessel in the construction process of mining soft rock by the hydraulic cutter-suction vessel of the invention;
wherein: 1. a hull; 2. positioning the pile; 3. a sludge suction and discharge pipeline; 4. a trolley; 5. hoisting the device; 6. a bridge; 7. a reamer.
Detailed Description
As shown in figures 1-2, the construction process for mining soft rock by using the hydraulic cutter-suction dredger comprises a dredger body 1, a bridge 6, an excavating device and a trolley 4, wherein the bridge 6, the excavating device and the trolley 4 are all positioned on the dredger body 1, a hoisting device 5 is arranged at the bow of the dredger body 1, the hoisting device 5 is used for hoisting the bridge 6 to realize the lowering work of the bridge 6, a positioning pile 2 is arranged at the stern of the dredger body 1 to fix the hydraulic cutter-suction dredger in a working area, the excavating device is arranged on the bridge 6, the excavating device comprises a reamer 7, a dredge pump and a dredge suction and discharge pipeline 3, the reamer 7 is driven by a reamer motor to construct the construction area, and an excavated product is discharged to a designated area through the dredge suction and discharge pipeline 3 under the action of the dredge pump,
the method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation for construction, which comprises: confirm the excavation region, hydraulic pressure cutter-suction ship is connected with the anchor ship, and the hydraulic pressure cutter-suction ship of different models is supporting to have different anchor ships, and anchor ship drags hydraulic pressure cutter-suction ship to the excavation region in, and transfer bridge 6, install sensor and GPS positioner on the bridge 6, and the sensor is used for obtaining the degree of depth of transferring of bridge 6 in real time, and the rock stratum thickness requirement is 0.8 ~ 1.0 m's rock, according to rock layer 1:5, determining a digging point by utilizing a GPS positioning device;
s2: excavation area construction, it includes:
s201: single-layer construction, namely, carrying out gradual-depth construction from an excavation point by using an excavating device, wherein a reamer 7 adopts any one of a positive cutting feed and a reverse cutting feed, the reamer 7 is longitudinally constructed according to the gradual-depth proportion of 0.1 meter of each cutting feed and 0.5 meter of each bridge 6, until the designed water depth is reached, then the reamer 7 is transversely constructed according to 0.5 meter of each cutting feed, and the excavated gravel is conveyed to a designated area through a mud suction and discharge pipeline 3, if the reamer cutting feed reaches 0.7-0.8 meter, the obvious blockage phenomenon of the reamer 7 is easy to occur, if the excavation efficiency of the reamer 7 is lower than 0.5 meter, the excavation efficiency of the reamer 7 is reduced, and therefore, the reamer 7 adopts 0.5 meter of each cutting feed as the optimal running state of the reamer 7;
in the construction process, the transverse moving speed of the excavating device is 5-6 m/min, the transverse moving pressure is controlled to be 80-110 kg, the phenomenon of cutter running is prevented, the rotating speed of a reamer is 23 revolutions per minute, and the pressure of the reamer is 90-160 kg;
s202: constructing a residual layer, wherein after single-layer construction is finished, a hydraulic cutter suction ship is moved to a digging point through a trolley 4, the residual layer is constructed by using an excavating device, a reamer 7 adopts any one of a positive cutting feed or a reverse cutting feed, the bridge 6 keeps horizontal translation according to each cutting feed of 1.5m for construction, and excavated crushed stone is conveyed to a designated area, in the construction process, the transverse moving speed of the excavating device can be properly accelerated to be 7-8 m/min, the transverse moving pressure is 80-110 kg, the rotating speed of the reamer is 23 r/min, and the pressure of the reamer is 90-160 kg;
s3: and repeating the step S2, and entering the next excavation area construction work.
Based on the construction steps, the net weight of the reamer 7 is 13 tons, the reamer has six arms, each arm has ten tooth holders, the cutter teeth of the reamer 7 adopt sharp teeth for rock digging, the cutter teeth are arranged on the tooth holders, the cutter teeth and the tooth holders are fixed through tooth pins, the consumption number ratio of the cutter teeth to the tooth pins is 20:1, and in order to prolong the service life of the reamer 7 and prevent stones from blocking a mud pump, a stone-digging preventing net is welded on the reamer 7;
because the soft rock is great to the wearing and tearing volume of pipeline inside compared with earth, consequently, weld the segmentation round steel that the diameter is 30mm in the inside of suction sludge discharge pipeline 3, reduce the wearing and tearing volume of suction sludge discharge pipeline 3.
Inspection during construction, i.e. during construction:
firstly, before construction: due to the fact that the rock excavation construction difficulty is high and the risk is high, comprehensive inspection is conducted on the excavating device and corresponding construction equipment, and the good state is guaranteed;
secondly, in the construction process:
(1) in the process of lowering the bridge 6, the firmness of each part of the hoisting device 5 is mainly checked for the hoisting device 5, so that the smooth lowering work is ensured, for example, the tightness of a fixing bolt between a turntable and a base of a crane in the hoisting device 5 and the firmness of a welding part between the base and the ship body 1 need to be checked at intervals, the crane needs to be sealed during construction, and the vibration of a suspension arm on the crane is reduced;
the lifting pulleys for lifting or lowering the bridge 6 need to be checked at regular time, so that the safety of the bridge 6 is ensured.
(2) In the rock digging process, as the abrasion speed of the reamer teeth is high during rock digging, the reamer 7 needs to be checked at intervals, the time for checking the reamer 7 does not exceed two hours, the cutter teeth at the parts with serious abrasion are continuously and integrally replaced, the independent replacement is avoided, the excavating capacity of the reamer 7 is ensured, in addition, the abrasion condition or the damage condition of a large circle, a tooth base, a cone body and a stone-proof net of the reamer 7 is checked by utilizing the time for replacing the teeth, and the problems are found and repaired in time;
the severe vibration of rock digging causes the working environment of the reamer motor to be extremely severe, and particularly, the inspection of the motor base and three shaft pins of the universal joint needs to be carried out on the parts at the same time when teeth are replaced.
According to the method, during the process of mining soft rock by using the hydraulic cutter suction dredger, construction is carried out on the rock with the thickness of 0.8-1.0 m, construction is carried out at the slope ratio of 1:5 of the rock layer, single-layer construction is adopted, and then a residual layer is swept, so that the rock layer is gradually deepened and is smashed layer by layer, the convenience of construction is provided, the wear rate of the reamer 7 during the construction process is reduced, the construction efficiency is ensured, and the wear rate of the reamer 7 is reduced by selecting a specific reamer 7 structure;
although the hydraulic cutter suction dredger is not suitable for rock digging operation in design, if a reasonable reamer 7 and a construction method are selected, the construction effect is remarkable, and compared with a cofferdam rock digging mode in the prior art, the construction cost is low, and the production efficiency is high.
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments,
example 1:
the Kataler Al Ruwais harbor is positioned at about 120Km of the northern part of Dohaha, soft rock of the Kataler construction site comprises sedimentary rock, the length of a rock digging construction pipeline in the inner section of a navigation channel is 2200 meters, mud pumps comprise an underwater pump and a No. 2 pump, the outer section of the underwater pump and a No. 2 pump are 3300 meters, three mud pumps are connected in series for construction, the engineering design has the water depth of-5.0 meters, the design has the digging width of 100 meters, the allowable ultra-depth of 0.25 meter and the allowable ultra-wide of 2 meters, no shallow point is required for sea sweeping measurement, and the water depth map is accurate to centimeter.
The concrete construction steps are the same as the steps above, wherein,
in the process of lowering the bridge 6, in order to ensure that the designed water depth of a channel can be reached and the ultra-depth can be effectively controlled, the influence of tides on the grooving quality is considered, 5.0 meters during the rising tide and the flat tide of the lower bridge depth and 4.9 meters during the falling tide are determined, the lowering depth of the bridge 6 is adjusted in time according to the rising and falling conditions of the tide, and the tide change cannot exceed 5 centimeters during the adjustment of the lowering depth.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a construction technology of soft rock is mined to hydraulic cutter-suction ship, hydraulic cutter-suction ship includes hull, bridge, excavating gear and platform truck, its characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation for construction, which comprises: confirm the excavation region, move the cutter suction ship to the excavation region in to transfer the bridge, rock layer thickness requires for the rock of 0.8 ~ 1.0m, according to rock layer 1:5, determining a digging point according to the slope ratio;
s2: excavation area construction, it includes:
s201: performing single-layer construction, namely performing construction of a gradually-deepened section from a digging point by using an excavating device, wherein a reamer in the excavating device performs longitudinal construction according to the gradually-deepened proportion that each cutter has a depth of 0.5 m and a bridge is lowered by 0.1 m until the designed water depth is reached, then performing transverse construction according to the depth of 0.5 m of each cutter, and conveying excavated crushed stone to a designated area;
s202: constructing a residual layer, namely after single-layer construction is finished, moving a hydraulic cutter suction ship to a digging point through a trolley, constructing the residual layer by using an excavating device, constructing the bridge by keeping the bridge to horizontally translate according to the cutting depth of 1.5m, and conveying excavated broken stones to a specified area;
s3: and repeating the step S2, and entering the next excavation area construction work.
2. The construction process for mining soft rock by using the hydraulic cutter suction dredger according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S1, the hydraulic cutter suction ship is connected with an anchor boat, and the anchor boat drags the hydraulic cutter suction ship to an excavation area.
3. The construction process for mining soft rock by using the hydraulic cutter suction dredger according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S1, a sensor and a GPS positioning device are installed on the bridge.
4. The construction process for mining soft rock by using the hydraulic cutter suction dredger according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, the reamer adopts either a forward cutting feed or a backward cutting feed.
5. The construction process for mining soft rock by using the hydraulic cutter-suction dredger according to claim 4, characterized in that: in step S2, the traversing speed of the digging device is 5-6 m/min, the traversing pressure is 80-110 kg, the rotation speed of the reamer is 23 r/min, and the reamer pressure is 90-160 kg.
6. The construction process for mining soft rock by using the hydraulic cutter suction dredger according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reamer is welded with a rock digging stone prevention net.
7. The construction process for mining soft rock by using the hydraulic cutter-suction dredger according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: the cutter teeth of the reamer adopt sharp teeth for rock digging, and the cutter teeth are installed on the tooth holder.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710099891.4A CN106869216B (en) | 2017-02-23 | 2017-02-23 | Construction process for exploiting soft rock by hydraulic cutter-suction dredger |
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| CN201710099891.4A CN106869216B (en) | 2017-02-23 | 2017-02-23 | Construction process for exploiting soft rock by hydraulic cutter-suction dredger |
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| CN106869216B true CN106869216B (en) | 2020-04-10 |
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| CN109403401A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-03-01 | 中交天航滨海环保浚航工程有限公司 | A method of it twists and inhales ship excavation cobble sand |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102162264A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-08-24 | 中交天津航道局有限公司 | A rock digging method for a reamer of a cutter suction boat in coral reefs and rock constructions |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3867772A (en) * | 1972-01-28 | 1975-02-25 | Leward N Smith | Method of excavating to form or enlarge a waterway |
| CN103556665A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-05 | 中交天津航道局有限公司 | Method for performing dredging construction on hard rocks by using cutter suction dredger on basis of rock softening characteristics |
| EP3202985B1 (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-06-06 | Ralf Seifert | Pontoon drive, pontoon transport ship and method for constructing and disassembling pontoon transport ships |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102162264A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-08-24 | 中交天津航道局有限公司 | A rock digging method for a reamer of a cutter suction boat in coral reefs and rock constructions |
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Address after: 264000 Huan Hai Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, Shandong Province, No. 80 Patentee after: Hailu (Yantai) Environmental Dredging Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 264000 Huan Hai Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, Shandong Province, No. 80 Patentee before: CCCC TDC ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DREDGING Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |