CN106867068A - 一种可生物降解农用地膜 - Google Patents

一种可生物降解农用地膜 Download PDF

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CN106867068A
CN106867068A CN201510908115.5A CN201510908115A CN106867068A CN 106867068 A CN106867068 A CN 106867068A CN 201510908115 A CN201510908115 A CN 201510908115A CN 106867068 A CN106867068 A CN 106867068A
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牟连春
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    • C08L23/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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Abstract

本发明涉及材料领域,具体是一种可生物降解农用地膜。是由以下重量份数的物质组成:高密度聚乙烯50-60份、富马酸30-40份、聚乳酸立构复合物5-10份、环氧植物油3-15份、玉米淀粉15-35份、增容剂3-8份、淀粉基生物降解材料25-45份、光稳定剂0.3-0.8份、热稳定0.3-0.5份、热氧化降解促进剂0.3-0.5份、催化剂0.1-0.3份、聚乙烯蜡30-40份。本发明提供的可生物降解的农用地膜,在植物生长阶段保持地膜保温保湿的杀虫的功效,农用结束后,地膜利用土壤中的微生物及时降解,降解速度块,最终实现完全降解,减少环境污染,具有良好生态效益和经济效益。

Description

一种可生物降解农用地膜
技术领域
本发明涉及材料领域,具体是一种可生物降解农用地膜。
背景技术
地膜看上去薄薄一层,但作用相当大。不仅能够提高地温、保水、保土、保肥提高肥效,而且还有灭草、防病虫、防旱抗涝、抑盐保苗、改进近地面光热条件,使产品卫生清洁等多项功能。对于那些刚出土的幼苗来说,具有护根促长等作用。对于我国三北地区,低温、少雨、干旱贫脊、无霜期短等限制农业发展的因素,具有很强的针对性和适用性,对于种植二季水稻育秧及多种作物栽培上也起了作用。在全国31个省市自治区普及和应用,用于粮、棉、油、菜、瓜果、烟、糖、药、麻、茶、林等40多种农作物上,使作物普遍增产30%-50%,增值40%-60%,深受广大农民的欢迎。
但是大部分农用地膜采用聚乙烯为主要原料,普通聚乙烯地膜存在两个突出问题,一是难降解,容易造成白色污染,影响土壤质量,甚至影响产量。二是其原料石油资源有限。所以可降解的农用地膜受到市场的迫切需求,目前有光降解、氧化降解、生物降解几种降解地膜的的技术,采用生物降解能够在水氧适度的条件下被生物降解成CO2和H2O,解决了普通聚乙烯遇到的上述两个问题,在农膜行业应用规模近年来不断扩大。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种成本低,易降解、具有适宜的稳定期和降解期的可降解农用地膜。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种可生物降解农用地膜,是由以下重量份数的物质组成:高密度聚乙烯50-60份、富马酸30-40份、聚乳酸立构复合物5-10份、环氧植物油3-15份、玉米淀粉15-35份、增容剂3-8份、淀粉基生物降解材料25-45份、光稳定剂0.3-0.8份、热稳定0.3-0.5份、热氧化降解促进剂0.3-0.5份、催化剂0.1-0.3份、聚乙烯蜡30-40份。
进一步的,上述可生物降解农用地膜,所述聚乳酸立构复合物由左旋聚乳酸和右旋聚乳酸混合而成。
使用聚乳酸立构复合物可以有效克服聚乳酸组分在热加工过程中的热力学缺陷,其熔融温度比包装级聚乳酸高50~80℃,力学性能也得到了很大的提高。
进一步的,上述可生物降解农用地膜,所述环氧植物油为环氧大豆油、环氧葵花籽油、环氧棉籽油或环氧橡胶籽油中的一种或几种的混合物。
使用环氧植物油与聚乙烯相容性好,挥发性低,迁移性小,是聚乙烯塑料以及聚乙烯醇塑料的有效增塑剂与稳定剂,具有良好的热稳定性和光稳定性,且无毒,可作为食品、药物的包装材料。
进一步的,所述可生物降解农用地膜,增溶剂为马来酸酐、丙烯酸改性聚乳酸低聚物、单体脂肪酸甘油酯或环氧橡胶中的一种或者几种。
本发明的有益效果:
与现有技术相比,本发明提供的可生物降解的农用地膜,在植物生长阶段保持地膜保温保湿的杀虫的功效,农用结束后,地膜利用土壤中的微生物及时降解,降解速度块,最终实现完全降解,减少环境污染,具有良好生态效益和经济效益。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种可生物降解农用地膜,是由以下重量份数的物质组成:高密度聚乙烯50份、富马酸30份、聚乳酸立构复合物5份、环氧植物油3份、玉米淀粉15份、增容剂3份、淀粉基生物降解材料25份、光稳定剂0.3份、热稳定0.3份、热氧化降解促进剂0.3份、催化剂0.1份、聚乙烯蜡30份。
进一步的,上述可生物降解农用地膜,所述聚乳酸立构复合物由左旋聚乳酸和右旋聚乳酸混合而成,使用聚乳酸立构复合物可以有效克服聚乳酸组分在热加工过程中的热力学缺陷,其熔融温度比包装级聚乳酸高50~80℃,力学性能也得到了很大的提高。
进一步的,上述可生物降解农用地膜,所述环氧植物油为环氧大豆油、环氧葵花籽油、环氧棉籽油或环氧橡胶籽油中的一种或几种的混合物,使用环氧植物油与聚乙烯相容性好,挥发性低,迁移性小,是聚乙烯塑料以及聚乙烯醇塑料的有效增塑剂与稳定剂,具有良好的热稳定性和光稳定性,且无毒,可作为食品、药物的包装材料。
进一步的,所述可生物降解农用地膜,增溶剂为马来酸酐、丙烯酸改性聚乳酸低聚物、单体脂肪酸甘油酯或环氧橡胶中的一种或者几种。
实施例2
一种可生物降解农用地膜,是由以下重量份数的物质组成:高密度聚乙烯60份、富马酸40份、聚乳酸立构复合物10份、环氧植物油15份、玉米淀粉35份、增容剂8份、淀粉基生物降解材料45份、光稳定剂0.8份、热稳定0.5份、热氧化降解促进剂0.5份、催化剂0.3份、聚乙烯蜡40份。
进一步的,上述可生物降解农用地膜,所述聚乳酸立构复合物由左旋聚乳酸和右旋聚乳酸混合而成,使用聚乳酸立构复合物可以有效克服聚乳酸组分在热加工过程中的热力学缺陷,其熔融温度比包装级聚乳酸高50~80℃,力学性能也得到了很大的提高。
进一步的,上述可生物降解农用地膜,所述环氧植物油为环氧大豆油、环氧葵花籽油、环氧棉籽油或环氧橡胶籽油中的一种或几种的混合物,使用环氧植物油与聚乙烯相容性好,挥发性低,迁移性小,是聚乙烯塑料以及聚乙烯醇塑料的有效增塑剂与稳定剂,具有良好的热稳定性和光稳定性,且无毒,可作为食品、药物的包装材料。
进一步的,所述可生物降解农用地膜,增溶剂为马来酸酐、丙烯酸改性聚乳酸低聚物、单体脂肪酸甘油酯或环氧橡胶中的一种或者几种。
实施例3
一种可生物降解农用地膜,是由以下重量份数的物质组成:高密度聚乙烯55份、富马酸35份、聚乳酸立构复合物8份、环氧植物油10份、玉米淀粉25份、增容剂7份、淀粉基生物降解材料35份、光稳定剂0.5份、热稳定0.4份、热氧化降解促进剂0.4份、催化剂0.2份、聚乙烯蜡35份。
进一步的,上述可生物降解农用地膜,所述聚乳酸立构复合物由左旋聚乳酸和右旋聚乳酸混合而成,使用聚乳酸立构复合物可以有效克服聚乳酸组分在热加工过程中的热力学缺陷,其熔融温度比包装级聚乳酸高50~80℃,力学性能也得到了很大的提高。
进一步的,上述可生物降解农用地膜,所述环氧植物油为环氧大豆油、环氧葵花籽油、环氧棉籽油或环氧橡胶籽油中的一种或几种的混合物,使用环氧植物油与聚乙烯相容性好,挥发性低,迁移性小,是聚乙烯塑料以及聚乙烯醇塑料的有效增塑剂与稳定剂,具有良好的热稳定性和光稳定性,且无毒,可作为食品、药物的包装材料。
进一步的,所述可生物降解农用地膜,增溶剂为马来酸酐、丙烯酸改性聚乳酸低聚物、单体脂肪酸甘油酯或环氧橡胶中的一种或者几种。

Claims (4)

1.一种可生物降解农用地膜,其特征在于,是由以下重量份数的物质组成:高密度聚乙烯50-60份、富马酸30-40份、聚乳酸立构复合物5-10份、环氧植物油3-15份、玉米淀粉15-35份、增容剂3-8份、淀粉基生物降解材料25-45份、光稳定剂0.3-0.8份、热稳定0.3-0.5份、热氧化降解促进剂0.3-0.5份、催化剂0.1-0.3份、聚乙烯蜡30-40份。
2.如权利要求1所述,一种可生物降解农用地膜,其特征在于,所述聚乳酸立构复合物由左旋聚乳酸和右旋聚乳酸混合而成。
3.如权利要求1所述,一种可生物降解农用地膜,其特征在于,所述环氧植物油为环氧大豆油、环氧葵花籽油、环氧棉籽油或环氧橡胶籽油中的一种或几种的混合物。
4.如权利要求1所述,一种可生物降解农用地膜,其特征在于,所述增溶剂为马来酸酐、丙烯酸改性聚乳酸低聚物、单体脂肪酸甘油酯或环氧橡胶中的一种或者几种。
CN201510908115.5A 2015-12-10 2015-12-10 一种可生物降解农用地膜 Pending CN106867068A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108377821A (zh) * 2018-01-18 2018-08-10 浙江大学 一种可生物降解阻隔地膜

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108377821A (zh) * 2018-01-18 2018-08-10 浙江大学 一种可生物降解阻隔地膜
CN108377821B (zh) * 2018-01-18 2020-03-24 浙江大学 一种可生物降解阻隔地膜

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