CN106866920A - 一种能阻燃的硬质聚氨酯泡沫 - Google Patents

一种能阻燃的硬质聚氨酯泡沫 Download PDF

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CN106866920A
CN106866920A CN201510925243.0A CN201510925243A CN106866920A CN 106866920 A CN106866920 A CN 106866920A CN 201510925243 A CN201510925243 A CN 201510925243A CN 106866920 A CN106866920 A CN 106866920A
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fire
hard polyurethane
polyurethane foams
energy
retardant
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齐建鹏
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Tianjin Qiming Environmental Protection Equipment Co Ltd
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Tianjin Qiming Environmental Protection Equipment Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
    • C08J9/107—Nitroso compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/14—Glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/04—N2 releasing, ex azodicarbonamide or nitroso compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
    • C08J2375/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K2003/026—Phosphorus

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种能阻燃的硬质聚氨酯泡沫，包括如下原料聚醚多元醇，阻燃剂泡沫稳定剂，有机硅匀泡剂，发泡剂，PAPI，玻璃纤维，制得了氧指数在35以上的高阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料。该材料具有较高的阻燃性、低发烟性以及高耐火隔热性能，提高了硬质聚氨酯泡沫使用中的安全性。

Description

一种能阻燃的硬质聚氨酯泡沫
技术领域
本发明涉及有机复合材料技术领域，尤其是一种能阻燃的硬质聚氨酯泡沫。
背景技术
聚氨酯硬泡多为闭孔结构，具有绝热效果好、重量轻、比强度大、施工方便等优良特性，同时还具有隔音、防震、电绝缘、耐热、耐寒、耐溶剂等特点，广泛用于冰箱、冰柜的箱体绝热层、冷库、冷藏车等绝热材料，建筑物、储罐及管道保温材料，少量用于非绝热场合，如仿木材、包装材料等。一般而言，较低密度的聚氨酯硬泡主要用作隔热(保温)材料，较高密度的聚氨酯硬泡可用作结构材料(仿木材)。在各类聚氨酯制品中，聚氨酯泡沫塑料是最重要的一部分，它的主要特征是具有多孔性，因而相对密度小，比强度高。根据所用原料不同和配方变化，可制成软质、半硬质和硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料等几种；若按所用多元醇品种分类可分为聚酯型、聚醚型和蓖麻油型聚氨酯泡沫塑料等；若按其发泡方法分类有块状、模塑和喷涂聚氨酯泡沫塑料等类型。聚氨酯硬泡一般为室温发泡，成型工艺比较简单。按施工机械化程度可分为手工发泡及机械发泡；按发泡时的压力可分为高压发泡及低压发泡；按成型方式可分为浇注发泡及喷涂发泡。
随着应用的广泛，硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料经常出现火灾，威胁人们的生命和财产安全，急需提高其阻燃性能。
发明内容
本发明提供一种高阻燃性硬质聚氨酯泡沫，通过在硬质聚氨酯泡沫中加入阻燃剂，将硬质聚氨酯泡沫得氧指数提高到≥35。
为实现上述的发明目的，本发明采取的实施方式如下：
一种能阻燃的硬质聚氨酯泡沫，它是由下述重量配比的化学物质组成：
进一步，阻燃剂为红磷，发泡剂为N，N-二亚硝基五亚甲基四胺。
本发明的优点是：该材料具有较高的阻燃性、低发烟性以及高耐火隔热性能，提高了硬质聚氨酯泡沫使用中的安全性。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例，对依据本发明提供的具体实施方式详述如下：
实施例1
本发明组合物
首先将各料混匀混合料快速、充分搅拌后，倒入预先准备好的模具中，熟化后放置几天，进行各项性能测试。
用1mm厚的马口铁与高阻燃型PU硬泡做成120mm×120mm×50mm的复合板材，放在马福炉口，板外侧铁皮与炉外口对齐，四周缝隙用岩棉堵严后进行试验，并用热电偶测定复合板材外层铁皮的温度(简称板背温)。该试验是模拟建筑构件耐火试验进行的，是GB9978“建筑构件耐火试验方法”，氧指数达到35。
实施例2
本发明组合物
首先将各料混匀混合料快速、充分搅拌后，倒入预先准备好的模具中，熟化后放置几天，进行各项性能测试。
用1mm厚的马口铁与高阻燃型PU硬泡做成120mm×120mm×50mm的复合板材，放在马福炉口，板外侧铁皮与炉外口对齐，四周缝隙用岩棉堵严后进行试验，并用热电偶测定复合板材外层铁皮的温度(简称板背温)。该试验是模拟建筑构件耐火试验进行的，是GB9978“建筑构件耐火试验方法”，氧指数达到40。

Claims (2)

1.一种能阻燃的硬质聚氨酯泡沫，其特征在于：它是由下述重量配比的化学物质组成：
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高阻燃性硬质聚氨酯泡沫，其特征在于：阻燃剂为红磷，发泡剂为N，N-二亚硝基五亚甲基四胺。
CN201510925243.0A 2015-12-14 2015-12-14 一种能阻燃的硬质聚氨酯泡沫 Pending CN106866920A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108099743A (zh) * 2017-12-31 2018-06-01 镇江飞驰汽车集团有限责任公司 一种城市多功能三温配送车
CN109503792A (zh) * 2018-11-08 2019-03-22 青岛正能交通装备有限公司 一种聚氨酯发泡标准动车组操控台面罩及其制备方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108099743A (zh) * 2017-12-31 2018-06-01 镇江飞驰汽车集团有限责任公司 一种城市多功能三温配送车
CN109503792A (zh) * 2018-11-08 2019-03-22 青岛正能交通装备有限公司 一种聚氨酯发泡标准动车组操控台面罩及其制备方法

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Application publication date: 20170620