CN106863971A - A kind of high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material and its production method - Google Patents
A kind of high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106863971A CN106863971A CN201710040948.3A CN201710040948A CN106863971A CN 106863971 A CN106863971 A CN 106863971A CN 201710040948 A CN201710040948 A CN 201710040948A CN 106863971 A CN106863971 A CN 106863971A
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- polyvinyl alcohol
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/0427—Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/716—Degradable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/716—Degradable
- B32B2307/7163—Biodegradable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/716—Degradable
- B32B2307/7166—Water-soluble, water-dispersible
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/728—Hydrophilic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2535/00—Medical equipment, e.g. bandage, prostheses, catheter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2429/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2429/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2429/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material and its production method.There is biodegradable performance at present, the high moisture-inhibiting multilayer materials of energy fast degradation there is a problem of production cost high and vapor transfer rate is not high enough.High moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material of the invention, basement membrane including polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens and painting polyethylene alcohol solution, one face hydrophobic of the polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens, another side is hydrophilic, and the hydrophobic face of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens is combined with the basement membrane of painting polyethylene alcoholic solution.High moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material of the invention has the water vapour permeability higher than existing high moisture-inhibiting polyvinyl alcohol protective materials；The hydrophilic surface of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens has water-wet behavior, can absorb human sweat's body fluid, there is comfortableness very high.Using production method of the invention, production efficiency is high, low production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological degradable composite material field, specifically a kind of high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material and
Its production method.
Background technology
Disposable Protection Product, such as medical operating clothes, surgical operation towel, isolating and protecting clothes, its instant mode abandoned are given
Medical personnel, patient, nuclear industry staff provide convenience, and greatly reduce related personnel and are sent out in treatment and the course of work
Raw cross-infection, the risk polluted by harmful substance, are greatly reduced infection rate after abortion operation, substantially increase people's health level,
Reduce the use of antibiotic.In order to improve the isolation pathogen of disposable protective clothing or the ability of harmful substance, protective garment is general
All over composite material is used, wherein the best material surely belonged to Film laminated of most reliable, performance.Existing film and non-weaving cloth
Composite, with extremely superior to harmful substance barrier property and ventilative frivolous, comfortable and easy to wear, in medical treatment, extraordinary anti-
Shield, chemical defence field have a wide range of applications.
However, the disposable Protection Product discarded object for constantly producing, huge challenge is brought to treatment work.As once
Property may include disease-producing pathogens using Biohazard Waste, collect, packaging, transport and processing procedure in, exist leakage and
Spread risk；And, disposable medical discarded object often variet complexity, the sorting work of before processing is dangerous big, and workload is numerous
It is multiple；Importantly, disposable medical discarded object is all mostly the macromolecular material for being difficult to degrade, it is impossible to entered by natural degradation
Marketing is ruined.
Current disposable medical refuse processing method, is destroyed by the way of being burned after sterilization.This method is not
But the substantial amounts of energy is consumed, and produces the incineration tail gas containing many toxic and harmfuls, discharge can pollute the atmosphere, influenceed
The resident burned around place is healthy.And for nuclear industry Protection Product discarded object, Protection Product is using process
In, it is possible to be infected with radioactive ash, these contaminated things can't carry out burning disposal, can only compression seal landfill, not only
High cost, and radioactive pollutant is behind in decades even over ten billion year, all has harm groundwater resources, very
To the risk that new radioactive pollution is formed in the natural calamity or geological disaster that may occur.
CN104292573A discloses a kind of manufacture method of environment protection biological degradable material.The invention uses PLA material
Material, can be pollution-free using the bacterial degradation in soil by compost, landfill after discarded.But, as Biohazard Waste,
With the biodegradation material that PLA is manufactured, however it remains sterilization is difficult, need the complex process such as landfill, and biological drop
The solution time is also long.Especially, the biodegrading process of this material is for the nuclear industry protective garment discarded object of sealing landfill
Invalid.
CN103280250A disclose it is a kind of with biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol material make Protection Product and it
Refuse processing method.The protective garment is used for nuclear power station, can be dissolved in hot water using after discarded, and possibility is removed by filtration
Contaminating radioactivity dust, in solution discharge to soil after, by soil bacteria degrade.Thus method, develops with water-soluble anti-
Shield product, to meet this Protection Product refuse processing method as the task of top priority.
CN102307727A and CN103252951A disclose a kind of protective materials of MULTILAYER COMPOSITE, and it is by polyvinyl alcohol
Non-weaving cloth and polyvinyl alcohol film are composited, and as the polyvinyl alcohol film for realizing harmful substance iris action, not only have
There are good penetrability, the wears performance of light and comfortable, with more the insoluble characteristic of water under normal-temperature water, and in high-temperature water
Completely quick water dissolves feature, disclosure satisfy that refuse processing method disclosed in CN103280250A.But this patent document
Without reference to the production method of the protective materials.
CN101367953B individually discloses the production method of similar polyvinyl alcohol film with CN103613772B,
CN101603274A and CN103252951B individually disclose be made of polyvinyl alcohol film and polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens it is many
The production technology of layer composite.Using above-mentioned technique, it is necessary to manufacture film first, then it is combined, complex process, is produced
Inefficiency, production cost is higher.
In above-mentioned process, to obtain the composite of high moisture-inhibiting, it is necessary to make the polyvinyl alcohol high temperature of high moisture-inhibiting
Water-soluble film, CN1973974A realizes by adding substantial amounts of insoluble particles, so obtained from breathable films softness it is bad,
And when its disposable manufactured goods is destroyed, a large amount of insoluble matters will block filter, it is difficult to realize fast disclosed in CN103280250A
Fast biodegrading process；CN103252951B uses the materials such as the glycerine of high water absorption as plasticizer, improves the water vapour permeability of film,
Although the water vapour permeability of ASTME96 agar diffusion methods can be greatly improved, positive agar diffusion method water vapour permeability also can be to a certain extent improved, so
And be difficult to comparable with the water vapour permeability of microporous barrier；CN103613772B discloses a kind of life of the polyvinyl alcohol film of high moisture-inhibiting
Product method, but the method investment is larger, solvent-borne type production medium is higher to safety requirements, it is not easy to realize.
The content of the invention
For at present have biodegradable performance, can fast degradation high moisture-inhibiting multilayer materials production cost high,
And the not high enough problem of vapor transfer rate, a kind of high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material of present invention offer and its production method.
Therefore, a kind of technical scheme that the present invention is used is as follows：A kind of high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material, including poly- second
The basement membrane of enol non-weaving cloth and painting polyethylene alcohol solution,
One face hydrophobic of the polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens, another side is hydrophilic, the hydrophobic face of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens with
The basement membrane of painting polyethylene alcoholic solution is combined.
Further, described poly-vinyl alcohol solution includes the component of following mass percent：Polyvinyl alcohol resin 80%,
Plasticizer 7-9%, surfactant 0.1-0.25%, ammonium nitrate 8.2-16.5%, balance of water.
Further, the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol resin is 500-2600, and alcoholysis degree is more than 99%.
Further, described plasticizer is glycerine.
Further, described surfactant is in fatty alcohol, aliphatic acid, polyethylene glycol oxide ether, modified silicon oil
The mixture of one or more.
Further, the hydrophobic face of the polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens is coated on polyvinyl alcohol by fluorine-containing water and oil repellent agent
Formed in the one side of non-weaving cloth.In the present invention, because hydrophobicity is less demanding, the fluorine-containing water and oil repellent agent of the overwhelming majority all may be used
To use, preferred mass percentage composition is the fluorine-containing copolymer emulsion of 1-50% (most preferably 5-10%), trade name
Such as：Daikin TG-581, TG-5546；Japan AGC AG-E82；PM-3622 of U.S. 3M etc..
Further, the coating weight of the fluorine-containing water and oil repellent agent is the 0.5- of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens weight
1.5%.
Further, the grammes per square metre of the polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens is 35-90gsm.
Further, described basement membrane is PET film.
Another technical scheme that the present invention is used is as follows：The production method of high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material, its bag
Include step：
1) fluorine-containing water and oil repellent agent is coated in the one side of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens by spraying process, coating weight is
The 0.5-1.5% of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens weight, is dried into baking oven at 115-125 DEG C, and is baked at 170-180 DEG C
5-60 seconds, then cool down, making the one side of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens turns into hydrophobic face；
2) polyvinyl alcohol resin, plasticizer, surfactant, ammonium nitrate and water mixing, in 85-95 DEG C of condition of heating and stirring
Under, dissolve 1-3 hours and form poly-vinyl alcohol solution；Described poly-vinyl alcohol solution is coated on the basement membrane of frosted, is formed and applied
The wet film of cloth poly-vinyl alcohol solution；
3) by step 1) the hydrophobic face of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens and the wet film of painting polyethylene alcoholic solution that obtain carry out
The smooth laminating of no-station pole canopy, using the roll surface (such as PU foaming sponges roller, wool roller, brush roll) of surface flexible after laminating, with most
Small contact is pressed, subsequently into oven for drying.
The invention has the advantages that：High moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material of the invention has than existing high moisture-inhibiting
Polyvinyl alcohol protective materials water vapour permeability higher, under 23 DEG C, 50% relative humidities, can reach ASTM E96
Positive cup water law 700g/d.sm above vapor transfer rates；The hydrophilic surface of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens has water-wet behavior, can absorb human body
Sweat body fluid, there is comfortableness very high.Using production method of the invention, production efficiency is high, low production cost.
After high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material of the invention is through single use, can be by dissolving, filtering technique, shape
It is biodegradable into aqueous solution discharge soil, or quickly sold by chemical catalysis degraded, spraying thermal oxide, catalysis oxidation mode
Ruin.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow process chart in polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens hydrophobic face of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the technique that the hydrophobic face of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens of the present invention is combined with the wet film of painting polyethylene alcoholic solution
Schematic diagram.
In figure, 1- polyvinyl alcohol spun lacing nonwoven fabric is unreeled, 2- polyvinyl alcohol spun lacing nonwoven fabric, 3- waterproof solution nozzles, 4-
First baking oven, 5- windings, 6- media, the wet film of 7- painting polyethylene alcoholic solutions, the polyvinyl alcohol spun lacing in 8- one side hydrophobics face is non-
Weave cotton cloth and unreel, 9- sponge pressure rollers, the baking ovens of 10- second, the winding of 11- composites.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specification drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
The production method of high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material of the present invention, its step is as follows：
1) it is the fluorine-containing copolymer emulsion of 5-10% by weight/mass percentage composition, polyethylene is coated on by spraying process
In the one side of alcohol non-weaving cloth, coating weight is the 0.5-1.5% of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens weight, into baking oven in 115-125
DEG C dried, and baked at 170-180 DEG C 5-60 seconds, then cooled down, making the one side of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens is turned into hydrophobic
Face, as shown in Figure 1.
2) polyvinyl alcohol resin, plasticizer, surfactant, ammonium nitrate and water mixing, in 85-95 DEG C of condition of heating and stirring
Under, dissolve 1-3 hours and form poly-vinyl alcohol solution；Described poly-vinyl alcohol solution is coated on the basement membrane of frosted, is formed and applied
The wet film of cloth poly-vinyl alcohol solution；
3) by step 1) the hydrophobic face of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens and the wet film of painting polyethylene alcoholic solution that obtain carry out
The smooth laminating of no-station pole canopy, using the roll surface of surface flexible after laminating, such as PU foaming sponges roller, wool roller, brush roll, with minimum
Contact is pressed, and subsequently into oven for drying, winding obtains finished product after trimming.
Embodiment 1
By containing 5% perfluor C6 AA emulsions (select Daikin TG-581), by spraying process, uniformly
The one side of 45gsm polyvinyl alcohol hydro-entangled non-woven fabrics is coated on, coating weight is 1%, immediately enters baking oven and dried with 120 DEG C of temperature
It is dry, and baked 30 seconds with 175 DEG C of temperature.Rolling after cooling.
2499 polyvinyl alcohol 100kg are taken, is put into in 95 DEG C of stainless steels of chuck heating.Add 550kg water, 11kg
Glycerine, 0.125kg laurate macrogol ester, ammonium nitrate 10kg, stirring and dissolving more than 2 hours are standby.
The poly-vinyl alcohol solution of above-mentioned dissolving is uniformly coated in frosted PET base material, coating weight is 160gsm, will be above-mentioned
Polyvinyl alcohol hydro-entangled non-woven fabric no-station pole canopy is entirely fitted on wet film, and is gently rolled one time with the sponge roller of diameter 15mm
Afterwards, baking oven is carried out, is dried with 120-140 DEG C of temperature, winding obtains finished product after trimming.
After testing, finished product grammes per square metre is 74gsm, under 23 DEG C of 50% relative humidities, the positive cup water law vapor transfer rates of ASTM E96
Reach 821.25g/d.sm.
Embodiment 2
In above-described embodiment, the grammes per square metre of polyvinyl alcohol hydro-entangled non-woven fabric is changed to 62gsm.The finished product for obtaining is 91gsm,
Vapor transfer rate is 755.23g/d.sm.
Embodiment 3
By containing 10% perfluor C6 AA emulsions (select Japan AGC AG-E82), by spraying process,
The one side of 45gsm polyvinyl alcohol hydro-entangled non-woven fabrics is uniformly coated on, coating weight is 1.5%, immediately enters baking oven with 120 DEG C of temperature
Degree drying, and baked 30 seconds with 175 DEG C of temperature.Rolling after cooling.
2499 polyvinyl alcohol 100kg are taken, is put into in 95 DEG C of stainless steels of chuck heating.Add 550kg water, 9kg
Glycerine, 0.3kg laurate macrogol ester, ammonium nitrate 20kg, stirring and dissolving more than 2 hours are standby.
The poly-vinyl alcohol solution of above-mentioned dissolving is uniformly coated in frosted PET base material, coating weight is 150gsm, will be above-mentioned
Polyvinyl alcohol hydro-entangled non-woven fabric no-station pole canopy is entirely fitted on wet film, and is gently rolled one time with the sponge roller of diameter 15mm
Afterwards, baking oven is carried out, is dried with 120-140 DEG C of temperature, winding obtains finished product after trimming.
After testing, finished product grammes per square metre is 73gsm, under 23 DEG C of 50% relative humidities, the positive cup water law vapor transfer rates of ASTM E96
Reach 856.12g/d.sm.
Embodiment 4
In above-described embodiment, by 10% perfluor C6 AA emulsions (from the PM-3622 of U.S. 3M) spraying
Amount is adjusted to 0.5%.The finished product for obtaining is 74gsm, and vapor transfer rate is 884.75g/d.sm.
The moisture-inhibiting principle of high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material of the present invention is as follows：
High moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material of the present invention is made Protection Product, when wearing, because human epidermal is constantly waved
Shampoo part, forms the region of higher levels of humidity between composite and body surface.Composite is multiple near higher levels of humidity region
The hydrophilic surface of condensation material, due to hydrophilic surface contact higher levels of humidity region in hydrone when, it is easier to absorb hydrone, poly- second
Enol fiber is locally swelling, increases composite water content, and the another side of water diffusion to composite presses close to basement membrane
Simultaneously.In the polyvinyl alcohol on basement membrane (i.e. PET base material) surface, ammonium nitrate component is with the addition of.Due to ammonium nitrate have it is extremely strong
Moisture absorption, and it comprises only three kinds of elements of hydrogen-oxygen nitrogen so that the fabric containing it, can be filled in special disposable offal treatment
In putting, nitrogen is catalysed and reduced into by oxynitrides, it is to avoid exhaust emission air.Ammonium nitrate this strong hygroscopic properties,
Moisture in basement membrane is largely absorbed cloth, the water content of basement membrane becomes very high, in basement membrane near outer compared with low humidity
Surface, moisture to compared with the air of low humidity outer surface volatilize, whole process formed a dynamic equilibrium, water vapour formed one from
One process passed through towards another side.
Said process is equally also suitable for ASTM E96 Procedure B standard test process principles.
Sample tests
Hereinafter test so that in ASTM E96-05 standards, Procedure B, distillation water law test, two-layer composite hydrophilic is faced
Water, film is outwardly.This test error is 5% or so.
The reasons why present invention is using hydrophobic face laminating wet film：
In multilayer composite lining (CN101603274) before, polyvinyl alcohol film and non-woven fabrics are to use ultrasonic wave
Fundamentals of Welding are compound to together, and later because ultrasonic wave combination process production efficiency is low, the reason such as seepage poor reliability changes
It is with glue adhesive film and non-woven fabrics (CN103252951B).In order to improve the wearing comfort of composite, and improve life
Efficiency is produced, production cost is reduced, the present invention is dried after directly being fitted with poly-vinyl alcohol solution coating wet film using non-woven fabrics
Into composite.But because polyvinyl alcohol non-woven fabrics has a fabulous hydrophilicity, polyvinyl alcohol non-woven fabrics is directly and polyethylene
After alcoholic solution contact, poly-vinyl alcohol solution wet film can be quickly absorbed in non-woven fabrics, dry behind expect regardless of film layer and
Bed of cloth, and very stiff such as cardboard, lose use value.After non-woven fabrics carries out hydrophobic treatment, cloth will not directly absorb
Polyvinyl alcohol water solution wet film, after wet film is dried, adhesion plays protective action in design on fabric surface.
The reasons why present invention is using ammonium nitrate：
The production technology and product of composite of the present invention use the raw material for determining use, it is necessary to meet following condition：
1. not with the Main Ingredients and Appearance polyvinyl alcohol and other addO-on therapy chemically reactives of film；
2. there is strong moisture absorption moisture pick-up properties；
3. water can be dissolved in；
4. 4 kinds of elements of hydrocarbon oxygen nitrogen are only contained.
The hygroscopic agent that preceding 3 requirements can be met is relatively more, such as calcium chloride, but, disposable protective clothing is using discarded
Afterwards, after water will be dissolved in carrying out chemical degradation, concentrated solution Direct spraying thermal oxide high, wherein the metal oxide for containing will be blocked up
Plug pipeline, inorganic non-metallic element, such as halogen will form corrosive gas and absorb etching apparatus, remaining portion by recirculated water
Divide exhaust emission air；Siliceous, silica occlusion catalyst can be formed；Boron compound can cause polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked,
Block filter screen.Thus there is the 4th demand.Direct oxidation is generated carbon dioxide and water by hydrocarbon oxygen, and nitrogen is oxidized to nitrogen oxidation
Compound, the catalyst unit carried by waste treatment apparatus is reduced into nitrogen discharge.
Meet above-mentioned condition in addition to ammonium nitrate, also just like some amino acid, hyaluronic acid-like, shitosan etc., but this
Class material and ammonium nitrate ratio, its price are higher, it is not easy to largely obtain, and ammonium nitrate is the byproduct of many chemical fertilizer factories, inexpensive
It is easy to get, thus is both economical scheme using ammonium nitrate.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material, including polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens and painting polyethylene alcohol solution base
Film, it is characterised in that
One face hydrophobic of the polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens, another side is hydrophilic, hydrophobic face and the coating of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens
The basement membrane of poly-vinyl alcohol solution is combined.
2. high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described poly-vinyl alcohol solution
Component including following mass percent：Polyvinyl alcohol resin 80%, plasticizer 7-9%, surfactant 0.1-0.25%, nitre
Sour ammonium 8.2-16.5%, balance of water.
3. high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the polyvinyl alcohol resin
The degree of polymerization is 500-2600, and alcoholysis degree is more than 99%.
4. high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described plasticizer is the third three
Alcohol.
5. high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described surfactant is
The mixture of one or more in fatty alcohol, aliphatic acid, polyethylene glycol oxide ether, modified silicon oil.
6. the high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material according to claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that
The hydrophobic face of the polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens is coated on the one of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens by fluorine-containing water and oil repellent agent
Formed on face.
7. high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the fluorine-containing waterproof and oilproof
The coating weight of agent is the 0.5-1.5% of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens weight.
8. high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the polyvinyl alcohol is non-woven
The grammes per square metre of cloth is 35-90gsm.
9. the high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material according to claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that described basement membrane
It is PET film.
10. the production method of high moisture-inhibiting biological degradable composite material described in any one of claim 1-9, it includes step：
1) fluorine-containing water and oil repellent agent is coated in the one side of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens by spraying process, coating weight is poly- second
The 0.5-1.5% of enol nonwoven sheet weight, is dried into baking oven at 115-125 DEG C, and bakes 5-60 at 170-180 DEG C
Second, then cool down, making the one side of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens turns into hydrophobic face；
2) polyvinyl alcohol resin, plasticizer, surfactant, ammonium nitrate and water mixing, under 85-95 DEG C of condition of heating and stirring,
Dissolving forms poly-vinyl alcohol solution in 1-3 hours；Described poly-vinyl alcohol solution is coated on the basement membrane of frosted, coating is formed poly-
The wet film of glycohol solution；
3) by step 1) the hydrophobic face of polyvinyl alcohol nonwovens that obtains and the wet film of painting polyethylene alcoholic solution carry out without
The smooth laminating of power, using the roll surface of surface flexible after laminating, is pressed, subsequently into oven for drying with minimal-contact pressure.
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| CN111013402A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Intelligent humidity control film and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112716069A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-04-30 | 江苏阳光医用新材料有限公司 | Protective clothing resistant to repeated disinfection and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112746504A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-04 | 上海邀加科技有限公司 | Waterproof breathable water-soluble protective material |
| CN114059231A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-18 | 河海大学 | Composite fiber felt material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN114059231A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-18 | 河海大学 | Composite fiber felt material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN106863971B (en) | 2019-02-01 |
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