CN106862537B - Goose neck electroslag smelting casting process and crystallizer manufacturing process - Google Patents
Goose neck electroslag smelting casting process and crystallizer manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106862537B CN106862537B CN201710090445.7A CN201710090445A CN106862537B CN 106862537 B CN106862537 B CN 106862537B CN 201710090445 A CN201710090445 A CN 201710090445A CN 106862537 B CN106862537 B CN 106862537B
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- crystallizer
- gooseneck
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
- B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
- B22D23/10—Electroslag casting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a goose neck electroslag smelting casting process and a manufacturing process of a crystallizer, comprising the steps of manufacturing the crystallizer; an elastic high-temperature-resistant material is arranged between the crystallizer and the ingot protection plate and is used for buffering the poor contact problem caused by steel ingot shrinkage; and binding and smelting a plurality of groups of electrodes together, and the like. The invention has the advantages that: the gooseneck product with irregular shape is produced at one time, the quality of the gooseneck is improved, the gooseneck structure of electroslag casting is compact, the inclusion is less, the S, P content is low, no sand hole and air hole exist, and the service life of the product is prolonged by more than two times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to electroslag casting of goosenecks, in particular to an electroslag casting process for the goosenecks and a crystallizer for the gooseneck casting, and belongs to the field of the gooseneck casting.
Background
The high-pressure extrusion die for the aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy section bar, commonly known as a gooseneck, is a metal product with high temperature fatigue resistance and good red hardness when working in a high-temperature environment.
Electroslag casting: a steel-making mode, belonging to secondary refining. The main process is that an electrified metal electrode is inserted into a crystallizer, slag is arranged in the crystallizer, current passes through the slag to heat and melt the slag, when the temperature of the slag is higher than the melting point of the metal electrode, the metal electrode begins to melt slowly to form liquid drops, one drop drops, the liquid drops penetrate through the slag to solidify at the bottom of the crystallizer, and the solidified part is larger and larger along with the time to form steel products with different shapes.
Metal electrode: or round or square or flat steel or other shaped steel products.
A crystallizer: a mould is cooled by circulating water, and molten steel is solidified and formed in the mould.
Slag melting: from CaF2AL2O3The granular mixture of the components becomes liquid after reaching a certain temperature, has a certain resistance value, can conduct electricity, and can generate heat when passing current.
Protecting an ingot plate: ordinary steel plate, vulnerable part, is used for protecting end water tank. When the large current is conducted, arc light is easy to generate to burn the bottom water tank, so that the ingot protecting plate is placed on the bottom water tank for transition, and the ingot protecting plate is burnt.
A bottom water tank: the crystallizer is sealed at the bottom opening, so that slag and molten steel are prevented from leaking outwards, and a necessary path for current circulation is provided.
Electroslag casting of a special-shaped piece is a steel-making process with complex process and high requirement. The gooseneck is a special-shaped piece, the difference of the outline dimensions of the upper end and the lower end is large, and special processes are needed for filling all parts and well crystallizing. The molten steel is cast and molded by the traditional manufacturing process. The process has the defects of loose product structure, more inclusions, high S, P content, easy occurrence of casting defects such as air holes, sand holes, looseness and the like, short service life of the gooseneck and frequent replacement.
In the electroslag casting process of the gooseneck, the upper opening of the crystallizer is large, and the lower opening of the crystallizer is small (the part with the larger radial dimension of the gooseneck is required to be ensured to be arranged on the upper surface, molten steel can be filled to each corner, and cast ingots can be well formed without shrinkage cavity, inclusion, air holes and the like).
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention designs the goose neck electroslag casting process and the manufacturing process of the crystallizer, so that the goose neck product with an irregular shape is produced at one time, the quality of the goose neck is improved, the goose neck tissue of the electroslag casting is compact, the inclusion is less, the S, P content is low, no sand hole or air hole exists, and the service life of the product is prolonged by more than two times.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the goose neck electroslag smelting casting process includes the following steps:
(1) firstly, manufacturing corresponding crystallizers according to goosenecks with different specifications, wherein the outline of an inner cavity of each crystallizer is kept similar to the outline of the gooseneck, and a shrinkage allowance is reserved;
(2) manufacturing a metal electrode according to the sectional weight of each part of the gooseneck, wherein the radial size of the metal electrode is correspondingly increased in the part with the large gooseneck size, so that the molten steel is fully molded at each position after being solidified; the change of the radial size of the metal electrode is realized by binding and combining a plurality of metal electrodes and increasing or reducing the group number of the metal electrodes according to the size difference;
(3) a spindle protection plate is arranged on the bottom water tank, and the outline size of the spindle protection plate is matched with the outline size of the lower opening of the crystallizer;
(4) a crystallizer is arranged on the ingot protecting plate, and the crystallizer and the ingot protecting plate are separated by elastic high-temperature-resistant insulating materials such as asbestos ropes; the elastic high-temperature-resistant insulating material has the first function of preventing the crystallizer from conducting electricity, and the second function of compensating when the steel ingot contracts, wherein the upper part of the steel ingot is large in size after solidification, the lower part of the steel ingot is small in size, the steel ingot is clamped in the crystallizer, and the contraction height is reduced after the temperature is reduced, so that a very large acting force is generated between the crystallizer and the ingot protecting plate; the shrinkage has the consequence that the contact between the ingot protecting plate and the bottom water tank is poor and the ingot is burnt, the steel ingot is clamped in the crystallizer, and the elastic material compensates the shrinkage to solve the problems;
(5) the slag is accumulated on an inner ingot protection plate of the crystallizer, the metal electrode is in contact with the slag current to be conducted, the slag heats the metal electrode to melt, and the molten steel is precipitated on the ingot protection plate to form a solid steel ingot.
(6) The current and voltage are set in stages according to actual conditions, so that the quality and the forming are ensured.
The crystallizer comprises an upper section, a middle section and a lower section, wherein the radial size of the outline of the upper section is larger, the outline of the lower section is slender, the inner side of the lower section is a copper plate inner sleeve, the outer side of the lower section is a carbon steel outer sleeve, the carbon steel outer sleeve and the copper plate inner sleeve are composed of two semicircular parts, and the end parts of the carbon steel outer sleeve and the copper plate inner sleeve are respectively provided with a left split connecting flange and a right split connecting flange which are.
A manufacturing process of a crystallizer for goose neck remelting is characterized in that an elastic high-temperature-resistant material asbestos rope and the like is arranged between the crystallizer and an ingot protecting plate and used for buffering the poor contact problem caused by steel ingot contraction, and the problem of burning of a bottom water tank is solved.
The demoulding of the special-shaped piece is a relatively difficult problem, and the solution is to manufacture a detachable crystallizer. The difficulty of making the crystallizer increases: smooth butt joint and sealing of all parts are needed, cooling of all parts is a problem, and calculation of contraction ratios of all parts is more difficult to achieve, and internal size allowance of the crystallizer is made.
The crystallizer is similar to a barreled object and has an inner layer and an outer layer. The inner layer is made of copper plate, the outer layer is made of carbon steel or stainless steel, and circulating water is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer for cooling.
Because the gooseneck product is a special-shaped piece, the inner cavity of the crystallizer also needs to be manufactured according to the shape of the gooseneck, and the manufacturing difficulty is very high. The solution is realized by adopting a method of manufacturing and combining parts into a whole. The crystallizer is divided into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section, each section consists of a left part and a right part which can be split, and the left part and the right part are combined together by bolts, so that the shape of the inner cavity of the crystallizer is obtained. The left part and the right part are combined, and the steel ingot is easily taken out by opening the bolt.
The invention has the advantages that: the gooseneck product with irregular shape is produced at one time, the quality of the gooseneck is improved, the gooseneck structure of electroslag casting is compact, the inclusion is less, the S, P content is low, no sand hole and air hole exist, and the service life of the product is prolonged by more than two times.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and implementations.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a smelting process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a schematic structural view of a crystallizer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 21 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic shape diagram of a fused cast product according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and is in no way intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The goose neck electroslag casting process needs six parts to complete electroslag casting: high-power supply, crystallizer 1, metal electrode (consumable electrode), metal molten bath 8, slag bath (slag) 2, protect spindle board 3, bottom water tank 5, current loop: power supply-metal electrode-slag-ingot guard-bottom water tank-power supply; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, manufacturing corresponding crystallizers according to goosenecks with different specifications, wherein the outline of an inner cavity of each crystallizer is kept similar to the outline of the gooseneck, and a shrinkage allowance is reserved;
the crystallizer 1 comprises an upper section 11, a middle section 12 and a lower section 13, wherein the radial size of the outline of the upper section is larger, the outline of the lower section is slender, a steel plate inner sleeve 14 is arranged on the inner side, a carbon steel outer sleeve 19 is arranged on the outer side, the carbon steel outer sleeve is composed of two semicircular parts, and left and right oppositely-opened connecting flanges 17 are arranged at the end parts and are connected through fastening bolts 18; an upper flange 15 is arranged at the upper end of the upper section, and a bottom flange 16 is arranged at the bottom of the lower section;
(2) manufacturing metal electrodes (namely a No. 1 consumable electrode and a No. 2 consumable electrode and a No. 3 consumable electrode) according to the sectional weight of each part of the gooseneck, wherein the radial size of the metal electrode is correspondingly increased in the part with the large gooseneck size, so that the molten steel is fully molded at each position after being solidified; the change of the radial dimension of the metal electrode is realized by binding and combining a plurality of metal electrodes, and the number of groups of the metal electrodes is increased or decreased according to the dimension difference (shown in figure 1);
(3) a spindle protection plate is arranged on the bottom water tank, and the outline size of the spindle protection plate is matched with the outline size of the lower opening of the crystallizer;
(4) a crystallizer is arranged on the ingot protecting plate, and the crystallizer 1 and the ingot protecting plate 3 are separated by elastic high-temperature resistant insulating materials 4 such as asbestos ropes and the like; the elastic high-temperature-resistant insulating material has the first function of preventing the crystallizer from conducting electricity, and the second function of compensating when the steel ingot contracts, wherein the upper part of the steel ingot is large in size after solidification, the lower part of the steel ingot is small in size, the steel ingot is clamped in the crystallizer, and the contraction height is reduced after the temperature is reduced, so that a very large acting force is generated between the crystallizer and the ingot protecting plate; the shrinkage has the consequence that the contact between the ingot protecting plate and the bottom water tank is poor and the ingot is burnt, the steel ingot is clamped in the crystallizer, and the elastic material compensates the shrinkage to solve the problems;
(5) the slag is accumulated on an inner ingot protection plate of the crystallizer, the metal electrode is in contact with the slag current to be conducted, the slag heats the metal electrode to melt, and the molten steel is precipitated on the ingot protection plate to form a solid steel ingot.
The invention is mainly embodied in the production mode, the production process, the production technology and the manufacture of the gooseneck crystallizer.
The key point of the invention is the establishment of the process flow and the manufacture of the crystallizer.
A manufacturing process of a crystallizer for goose neck remelting is characterized in that elastic high-temperature-resistant materials such as asbestos ropes and the like are arranged between the crystallizer and an ingot protecting plate and used for buffering the problem of poor contact caused by steel ingot contraction, and the problem of burning of a bottom water tank is solved.
Claims (3)
1. The goose neck electroslag casting process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) firstly, manufacturing corresponding crystallizers according to goosenecks with different specifications, wherein the outline of an inner cavity of each crystallizer is kept similar to the outline of the gooseneck, and a shrinkage allowance is reserved;
(2) manufacturing a metal electrode according to the sectional weight of each part of the gooseneck, wherein the radial size of the metal electrode is correspondingly increased in the part with the large gooseneck size, so that the molten steel is fully molded at each position after being solidified; the change of the radial size of the metal electrode is realized by binding and combining a plurality of metal electrodes and increasing or reducing the group number of the metal electrodes according to the size difference;
(3) a spindle protection plate is arranged on the bottom water tank, and the outline size of the spindle protection plate is matched with the outline size of the lower opening of the crystallizer;
(4) a crystallizer is arranged on the ingot protecting plate, and the crystallizer and the ingot protecting plate are separated by elastic high-temperature-resistant insulating materials;
(5) the slag is accumulated on an inner ingot protection plate of the crystallizer, the metal electrode is in contact with the slag current to be conducted, the slag heats the metal electrode to melt, and the molten steel is precipitated on the ingot protection plate to form a solid steel ingot.
2. The gooseneck electroslag smelting casting process according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) binding different numbers of metal electrodes corresponding to the upper, middle and lower sections of the gooseneck in the step (2), and using different process parameters.
3. The gooseneck electroslag casting process according to claim 2, wherein: and (3) in the step (2), the large opening of the crystallizer is arranged above the small opening, so that the change of the binding number of the metal electrodes is realized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710090445.7A CN106862537B (en) | 2017-02-20 | 2017-02-20 | Goose neck electroslag smelting casting process and crystallizer manufacturing process |
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| CN201710090445.7A CN106862537B (en) | 2017-02-20 | 2017-02-20 | Goose neck electroslag smelting casting process and crystallizer manufacturing process |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106862537A CN106862537A (en) | 2017-06-20 |
| CN106862537B true CN106862537B (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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| CN201710090445.7A Expired - Fee Related CN106862537B (en) | 2017-02-20 | 2017-02-20 | Goose neck electroslag smelting casting process and crystallizer manufacturing process |
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Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1535180A (en) * | 1976-02-20 | 1978-12-06 | Ass Elect Ind | Electroslag apparatus |
| CN2213593Y (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1995-11-29 | 机械工业部沈阳铸造研究所 | Founding device of thin-wall variable camber blade slab electroslag |
| CN102615272B (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2014-08-20 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | Crystallizer for MW (megawatt)-scale wind power torsion shaft electroslag casting |
| CN102728821B (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2015-03-04 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | Process method for electroslag smelting casting ship lift rack |
| CN103409641A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-27 | 辽宁科技大学 | Plugging method for bottom water tank and crystallizer during stripping electroslag re-melting |
| CN204474735U (en) * | 2015-03-07 | 2015-07-15 | 浙江正达模具有限公司 | A kind of anti-sparking crystallizer |
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