CN106860975B - 注射装置 - Google Patents

注射装置 Download PDF

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CN106860975B
CN106860975B CN201710147808.6A CN201710147808A CN106860975B CN 106860975 B CN106860975 B CN 106860975B CN 201710147808 A CN201710147808 A CN 201710147808A CN 106860975 B CN106860975 B CN 106860975B
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injection device
base
cartridge
sliding body
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CN106860975A (zh
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R·克罗嫩贝格
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Becton Dickinson and Co
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/20Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • A61M5/2033Spring-loaded one-shot injectors with or without automatic needle insertion
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/24Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic
    • A61M5/2422Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic using emptying means to expel or eject media, e.g. pistons, deformation of the ampoule, or telescoping of the ampoule
    • A61M5/2429Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic using emptying means to expel or eject media, e.g. pistons, deformation of the ampoule, or telescoping of the ampoule by telescoping of ampoules or carpules with the syringe body
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    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/28Syringe ampoules or carpules, i.e. ampoules or carpules provided with a needle
    • A61M5/285Syringe ampoules or carpules, i.e. ampoules or carpules provided with a needle with sealing means to be broken or opened
    • A61M5/286Syringe ampoules or carpules, i.e. ampoules or carpules provided with a needle with sealing means to be broken or opened upon internal pressure increase, e.g. pierced or burst
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    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/326Fully automatic sleeve extension, i.e. in which triggering of the sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61M5/50Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for preventing re-use, or for indicating if defective, used, tampered with or unsterile
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/50Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for preventing re-use, or for indicating if defective, used, tampered with or unsterile
    • A61M5/5066Means for preventing re-use by disconnection of piston and piston-rod
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    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/24Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic
    • A61M2005/2403Ampoule inserted into the ampoule holder
    • A61M2005/2407Ampoule inserted into the ampoule holder from the rear
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
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    • A61M5/24Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic
    • A61M5/2455Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic with sealing means to be broken or opened
    • A61M5/2466Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic with sealing means to be broken or opened by piercing without internal pressure increase
    • A61M2005/247Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic with sealing means to be broken or opened by piercing without internal pressure increase with fixed or steady piercing means, e.g. piercing under movement of ampoule
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/3245Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A61M2005/3247Means to impede repositioning of protection sleeve from needle covering to needle uncovering position
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/326Fully automatic sleeve extension, i.e. in which triggering of the sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • A61M2005/3267Biased sleeves where the needle is uncovered by insertion of the needle into a patient's body
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/002Packages specially adapted therefor, e.g. for syringes or needles, kits for diabetics
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    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/3271Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel with guiding tracks for controlled sliding of needle protective sleeve from needle exposing to needle covering position

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Abstract

一种注射装置,包括:基座;可滑动地连接到基座的滑动本体;固定到滑动本体的双头针;偏压构件,用于将滑动本体相对于基座向近侧地偏压和用于在促动装置之后使针缩回到装置中;用于保持药物的药筒,所述药筒可滑动地连接到滑动本体;和可滑动地布置在药筒内的塞子。基座具有近侧端部和布置在其远侧端部处用于接触患者皮肤的表面。基座还具有第一锁定机构。滑动本体具有锁定部件和第二锁定机构。第二锁定机构在药筒相对于滑动本体的移动完成时将药筒相对于滑动本体锁定。第一锁定机构和锁定部件相互作用以在针缩回到装置中之后将滑动构件相对于基座锁定。

Description

注射装置
本申请是名称为“注射装置”、国际申请日为2011年5月18日、国际申请号为PCT/US2011/000878、国家申请号为201180071886.3的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及于分配药物的注射装置,并且更具体地涉及低成本的一次性注射装置。
背景技术
现有技术中已知有各种注射装置。然而,许多注射装置需要针对合适目的的医疗训练。另外,许多注射装置是昂贵的。因而,需要提供一种低成本的直观注射装置,其能够被未受过训练或者受极少训练的人合适地使用,以便自行注射或者给他人注射。例如,这种期望的装置能够用在世界上那些医疗护理难以获得的发展中地区进行接种,或者被父母用于给儿童进行接种。
发明内容
本发明的一方面是提供一种低成本的注射装置。本发明的另一方面是提供一种直观的注射装置,其可以被未经训练的或经历最少训练的、用于自注射的或用于注射他人的人们合理地使用。
本发明的以上和/或其它方面通过提供一种注射装置而实现,该注射装置包括:基座;可滑动地连接到基座的滑动本体;固定到滑动本体的双头针;偏压构件,该偏压构件用于将滑动本体相对于基座向近侧地偏压,并用于在促动注射装置之后使针缩回到注射装置中;用于保持药物的药筒,该药筒可滑动地连接到滑动本体;和塞子,该塞子可滑动地布置在药筒内。所述基座具有近侧端部和布置在其远侧端部处用于接触患者皮肤的表面。所述基座还包括第一锁定机构。所述滑动本体包括锁定部件和第二锁定机构。所述第二锁定机构在所述药筒相对于所述滑动本体的移动完成时将所述药筒相对于所述滑动本体锁定。所述第一锁定机构和所述锁定部件相互作用,以在所述针缩回到所述注射装置中之后将所述滑动构件相对于所述基座锁定。
本发明的以上和/或其它方面还通过提供一种注射装置而实现,所述注射装置包括:基座,所述基座具有近侧端部和布置在其远侧端部处用于接触患者皮肤的表面,所述基座包括多个倾斜唇部和多个轴向肋部,所述多个倾斜唇部和所述多个轴向肋部中的每一者都围绕所述基座的内部周向地布置;滑动本体,所述滑动本体可滑动地连接到所述基座,所述滑动本体包括径向向内突出的保持肋部和多个周向地布置并向远侧悬垂的悬置的腿部,每个腿部都具有从其远侧端部周向地突出的一对脚部;和双头针,所述双头针固定到所述滑动本体。所述注射装置还包括:偏压构件,所述偏压构件用于将所述滑动本体相对于所述基座向近侧地偏压,和用于在促动所述注射装置之后使所述针缩回到所述注射装置中;用于保持药物的药筒,所述药筒可滑动地连接到所述滑动本体,并具有从所述药筒的远侧端部径向向外突出的筒唇部,所述筒唇部在促动所述注射装置之前布置成邻近于所述保持肋部;和塞子,所述塞子可滑动地布置在所述药筒内。为使所述筒唇部向远侧地移动越过所述保持唇部而施加给所述药筒的作用力超过为使所述脚部向远侧地移动越过所述倾斜唇部且驱动所述针进入患者皮肤中而施加给所述药筒的作用力。
本发明的以上和/或其它方面也通过提供一种用于使用注射装置将药物注射到患者体内的方法,所述注射装置具有:基座;滑动本体,所述滑动本体可滑动地连接到所述基座;双头针,所述双头针固定到所述滑动本体;偏压构件;用于保持药物的药筒,所述药筒可滑动地连接到所述滑动本体;和塞子,所述塞子可滑动地布置在所述药筒内。所述方法包括:将所述药筒压向患者的皮肤/注射部位,以便顺序地:使所述滑动本体相对于所述基座向远侧地移动,将所述针插入所述患者体内,并且使弹簧压缩;用所述针刺透所述塞子,以在所述针与所述药筒之间建立起流体连通;和使所述塞子相对于所述药筒向近侧地移动,以从所述药筒射出药物。所述方法还包括:在从所述药筒注射出药物之后,停止对所述药筒施压,以便顺序地:使所述滑动本体相对于所述基座向近侧地移动,以便在所述弹簧的作用力下从患者体内撤回所述针;和将所述滑动构件相对于所述基座锁定,以防止再使用所述注射装置。
本发明的额外的和/或其它方面和优点将在以下说明中被部分地阐述,并且将从说明部分地显而易见,或者可以通过本发明的实行而被学习。
附图说明
本发明实施例的上述和/或其它方面和优点将从以下结合附图的详细说明而更容易理解,在附图中:
图1是根据本发明实施例的注射装置的透视图;
图2是图1装置的分解透视图;
图3和图4是图1装置的基座的透视图;
图5和图6是图1装置的滑动本体的透视图;
图7是示出图1装置的预促动状态的剖视图;和
图8至图11是示出图1装置的操作的剖视图。
具体实施方式
现在将详细描述本发明的实施例,本发明实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中类同附图标记始终表示类同元件。所描述的实施例通过参照附图而对本发明进行举例说明。
图1是根据本发明实施例的注射装置100的透视图,并且图2是装置100的分解透视图。如图1和图2中所示,注射装置100包括:基座104,所述基座104具有近侧端部108和远侧端部112;滑动本体,所述滑动本体可滑动地连接到基座104;双头针120,所述双头针120固定到滑动本体116;和偏压构件124(例如,弹簧),所述偏压构件124用于相对于基座104向近侧地偏压滑动本体116,和用于在装置100促动之后将针120缩回到装置100中,如以下将更加详细地说明。
装置100还包括用于保持药物的药筒128。药筒128可滑动地连接到滑动本体116。根据一个实施例,药筒128由玻璃制成。根据另一个实施例,药筒128由不与药物起反应的透明塑性材料制成。这样的塑性材料示例包括但不限于,环烯烃聚合物(COP)和环烯烃共聚物(COC)。COC的一个示例可从Kentucky,Louisville的Zeon Chemicals,L.P.旗下名为“BDCCP树脂”获得,并且被美国食品和药物管理局列为DMF No.16368。
另外,该装置包括塞子132,所述塞子132可滑动地布置在药筒128内,用于将药物保持在药筒128内和用于从药筒128排驱药物。药筒128和设置在其中的塞子132一起限定出在二者之间的药物室。根据一个实施例,塞子132由不与药物起反应的弹性体材料制成,例如橡胶。
在一个实施例中,药筒128被预组装到装置100的其余部分,并且整个装置100以无菌包装提供给使用者,所述无菌包装例如是具有箔顶部的杯。根据另一个实施例,预填充的药筒128(包括塞子132)与装置100的其余部分分离地设置。在这种实施例中,药筒128可以在注射时被组装到装置100的其余部分,并且因而能够选择性地连接到滑动本体116,如以下更加详细地说明。冷藏空间对于世界上的发展中地区来说是弥足珍贵。对于需要被冷藏的药物而言,这样的设计提供了对冷藏空间更为有效的使用,这是因为仅药筒128而不是整个装置100被冷藏。
图3和图4是基座104的近侧端部108和远侧端部112的相应的透视图。如图3中所示,基座104具有多个倾斜的唇部136,这些唇部136围绕基座104的内部周向地布置。每个倾斜的唇部136都径向向内地伸出,并且相对于基座104向远侧地倾斜。另外,每个倾斜唇部136都具有近侧倾斜表面140和远侧倾斜表面144。基座104还包括多个轴向肋部148,所述多个轴向肋部148围绕基座104的内部周向地布置。轴向肋部148从倾斜唇部136向远侧地隔开,以在二者之间限定出锁定空间152。根据一个实施例,一对轴向肋部148与每个倾斜唇部136相对应,并且一对轴向肋部的各个肋部148周向地布置在相对应的倾斜唇部136的相对两侧上。总之,倾斜唇部136和轴向肋部148(以及布置在其之间的锁定空间152)形成第一锁定机构,以下将更加详细地说明所述第一锁定机构。
基座104还包括中心凸台156,所述中心凸台156具有供针120运动通过的中心孔160。另外,如以下将更加详细地说明,根据一个实施例,基座104包括多个基座锁定肋部158,这些锁定肋部用于在促动装置100之前连接滑动本体116和基座104。
如图4中所示,基座的远侧端部112具有用于接触患者皮肤的表面164。根据一个实施例,表面164是平坦的。根据另一个实施例,表面164是凹的,或是向近侧地隆成穹顶形,以便例如稳定地接触患者的皮肤。本领域技术人员将应理解,在不脱离本发明范围的情况下,表面164可以是凸的、具有其它形状、或者具有多种形状。根据一个实施例,表面164的至少一部分具有布置在其上的粘结剂,用于将装置100临时粘附到患者的皮肤。这样的粘结部分可以用例如纸盖遮住,所述纸盖在装置100使用之前被去除。
图5是滑动本体116的近侧端部和针120的近侧端部的透视图,图6是滑动本体116的远侧端部和针120的远侧端部的透视图。根据一个实施例,针120固定到滑动本体116。换言之,针120没有相对于滑动本体116移动。用于将针120固定到滑动本体116的方法包括使用例如热能或超声能的锻造、胶合、用环氧树脂粘合和嵌入模制。本领域的技术人员将应理解,可以在不脱离本发明范围的情况下采用其它用于将针120固定到滑动本体116的方法。
如图5至图7中所示,滑动本体116包括多个沿周向布置的、向远侧悬垂的悬置腿部168。根据一个实施例,每个腿部168都具有从其远侧端部沿周向突出的一对脚部172。根据一个实施例,如图5和图6中所示(但是在图11中最清楚地示出),脚部172的近侧表面176倾斜成与倾斜唇部136的远侧倾斜表面144的角度相对应。腿部168和脚部172一起形成锁定部件,以下将更加详细地说明所述锁定部件。
为了将滑动本体116与基座104组装在一起,首先,偏压构件124围绕中心凸台156插入到基座104中。随后,滑动本体向远侧地插入到基座104中(跨越偏压构件124之上),直到腿部168和/或脚部172径向向内地弹性变形,且脚部172向远侧地经过基座锁定肋部158为止。随后,腿部168和/或脚部172径向向外地弹回以接触基座104的内壁。根据一个实施例,基座锁定肋部158倾斜成与脚部172的近侧表面176的角度相对应。因为相对应的角度,一旦脚部172向远侧地经过基座锁定肋部158,基座锁定肋部158便接合脚部172的近侧表面176(由于偏压构件124的作用力,该偏压构件将滑动本体116相对于基座104向近侧地偏压)以防止脚部172越过基座锁定肋部158向近侧运动。例如,在图7中示出这种已组装的状态。
返回参照图5,滑动本体116还包括中心部分180,所述中心部分180具有被设置在其中心处的塞子接纳凸台184。中心部分180的壁形成筒通道以便可滑动地接纳药筒128。另外,如图6中所示,中心部分180具有在其远侧端部处的开口188,用于接纳基座104的中心凸台156和偏压构件124。参照图5和图7,中心部分180具有布置在其中的一系列肋部,具体地为连接肋部192、保持肋部196和锁定肋部200。如以下更加详细地说明,锁定肋部200形成第二锁定机构。在装置100的操作期间,肋部192、196和200与筒唇部204相互作用,所述筒唇部204从药筒128的远侧端部径向向外地突出。根据一个实施例,肋部192、196和200是环形的。
根据另一个实施例,连接肋部192例如包括围绕中心部分180沿周向彼此间隔开的多个连接肋部192。换言之,不是实心的环,而是多个连接肋部192布置成形成分段的阵列,在分段之间具有空间。这种实施例可以减小使筒唇部204向远侧地前进越过连接肋部192所必需的作用力量。例如,如果药筒128由玻璃制成,并且因而是相对非柔性的,则使筒唇部204前进越过多个分立的连接肋部192所需要的作用力减小,这会是有利的。不管为药筒128选择何种材料,本领域的技术人员将应理解,在不脱离本发明范围的情况下,环形环和环分段的各种组合可以被分别用于肋部192、196和200。
为了将药筒128固定到滑动本体116,使用者将药筒128插入到滑动本体116的中心部分180中,直到筒唇部204经过连接肋部192而搁置在保持肋部196上为止,如图7中所示。在该预促动状态中,筒唇部204布置在连接肋部192与保持肋部196之间,而脚部172邻近倾斜唇部136设置,如图7中所示。在该状态下,滑动本体116处于第一位置或预促动位置中,在所述位置中,针120整个地置于装置100内。根据一个实施例,使筒唇部204向远侧地移动越过保持唇部196所需要的作用力大于使筒唇部204向远侧地移动越过连接肋部192所需要的作用力。这种实施例为药筒128与滑动本体116的连接提供了方便,并防止在连接期间意外地促动装置100。根据一个实施例,保持肋部196比连接肋部192更加径向向内地突出,从而提供力差。根据另一个实施例,保持肋部196比起连接肋部192来柔性更小,从而提供力差。
现在将参照图7至图11说明装置100的操作。在组装好装置100(或从其包装移除预组装的装置100)并使用酒精棉片对患者皮肤208上的注射部位消毒之后,使用者将预促动的装置100(图7)压靠患者皮肤208,并且下压(即,向远侧压)药筒128。使筒唇部204相对于保持肋部196向远侧地移动所需要的作用力大于使脚部172相对于倾斜唇部136向远侧地移动所需要的作用力。另外地,使筒唇部204相对于保持肋部196向远侧地移动所需要的作用力大于压缩偏压构件124并用针120的远侧端部刺入患者的皮肤208所需要的作用力。因此,如图8中所示,当使用者下压药筒128时,该作用力传递给滑动本体116,并且腿部168和/或脚部172径向向内地弹性变形,由此允许脚部172向远侧地经过倾斜唇部136。然后,腿部168和/或脚部172径向向外地回折并且沿着轴向肋部148向远侧地滑动。另外,滑动本体116压缩偏压构件124并且将针120驱动到患者皮肤208内的预定深度处。在该第二位置或滑动本体116的促动位置中,针120的一部分延伸到装置100的外部。
随着使用者继续按压药筒128,筒唇部204向远侧地经过保持肋部196,并且药筒128和塞子在筒通道中向远侧地行进,使塞子132落座在塞子接纳凸台184上。该动作还使得针120的近侧端部穿透塞子132,由此在药物和针120之间建立起流体连通,如图9中所示。因而,塞子132可以被针120选择性地穿透以与药物建立起连通。如图10中所示,随着使用者继续下压药筒128,药筒128在筒通道中相对于塞子132和滑动本体116向远侧地行进,由此通过针120将药物从药物室排驱到患者体内。
锁定肋部200布置在筒通道的远侧端部处,以便当药筒128到达其远侧行程的终点(图10)时,筒唇部204向远侧地经过锁定肋部200,由此将药筒128相对于滑动本体116锁定。即,第二锁定机构(锁定肋部200)接合筒唇部204,并防止药筒128相对于滑动本体116运动。换言之,第二锁定机构在药筒128相对于滑动本体116的移动完成时将药筒128相对于滑动本体116锁定。如本文所使用的,将一元件相对于另一元件锁定便阻止了这两个元件接下来的相对移动。如另外在图10中示出,根据一个实施例,当药筒128到达其远侧行程终点时,药筒的近侧表面与滑动本体116的近侧表面大致处于同一平面上。这种构造让使用者无法紧抓药筒128,并且由此使其不能尝试使药筒128相对于滑动本体116向近侧地移动。
如图11中所示,在将药物施用给患者之后,使用者释放药筒128,滑动本体116(和锁定到该滑动本体116的药筒128)由于偏压构件124的作用力而相对于基座104向近侧地运动,由此从患者撤回针120,并使针120完全置于装置100内。更具体地,随着滑动本体116向近侧地运动,脚部172沿着轴向肋部148向近侧地滑动。在经过轴向肋部148的近侧端部时,腿部168和/或脚部172径向向外地回折到锁定空间152中,并且脚部172的近侧表面176接合倾斜唇部136的远侧倾斜表面144,由此将滑动本体116相对于基座104锁定。换言之,远侧倾斜表面144防止脚部172向近侧运动,而轴向肋部148的近侧端部防止脚部172向远侧运动。换言之,第一锁定机构和锁定部件相互作用,以在针120缩回到装置100中之后将滑动构件116相对于基座104锁定。在该第三位置或滑动构件116的锁定位置中,针120被再次整个地缩回在装置100内。滑动本体116的第三位置相对于第一位置向远侧地移位。
虽然以上仅已经详细地说明了本发明的几个示例性的实施例,但是本领域的技术人员将容易地理解,在没有实质上脱离本发明的新颖教导和优点的情况下在示例性的实施例中能够有许多修改。因此,所有这样的修改意欲被包含在所附权利要求书的范围及其等同内容内。

Claims (9)

1.一种注射装置,包括:
基座,所述基座具有近侧端部和布置在所述基座的远侧端部处用于接触患者皮肤的表面,所述基座包括第一锁定机构;
滑动本体,所述滑动本体可滑动地连接到所述基座,所述滑动本体包括锁定部件;
双头针,所述双头针固定到所述滑动本体;
偏压构件,所述偏压构件用于将所述滑动本体相对于所述基座向近侧地偏压,并用于在促动所述注射装置之后使所述双头针缩回到所述注射装置中;
用于保持药物的药筒,所述药筒连接到所述滑动本体并适于相对于滑动本体可滑动地移动以从所述药筒排出药物;和
塞子,所述塞子可滑动地布置在所述药筒内;
其中,所述第一锁定机构和所述锁定部件相互作用,以在所述双头针缩回到所述注射装置中之后将所述滑动本体相对于所述基座锁定;并且
其中,所述第一锁定机构包括:
围绕所述基座的内部周向地布置的多个倾斜唇部,所述倾斜唇部径向向内地伸出,并且向远侧地倾斜,每个倾斜唇部都具有近侧倾斜表面和远侧倾斜表面;和
围绕所述基座的内部周向地布置的多个轴向肋部,所述轴向肋部从所述倾斜唇部向远侧地隔开,以在所述轴向肋部与所述倾斜唇部之间限定锁定空间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的注射装置,其中,所述滑动本体能从第一位置运动到第二位置,并且能运动到第三位置,在所述第一位置中,所述双头针整个地置于所述注射装置内,在所述第二位置中,所述双头针的一部分延伸到所述注射装置的外部,在所述第三位置中,所述双头针整个地缩回于所述注射装置内,其中,所述第三位置相对于所述第一位置向远侧地移位。
3.根据权利要求1所述的注射装置,其中,所述药筒能连接到所述滑动本体。
4.根据权利要求1所述的注射装置,其中,所述塞子能被所述双头针穿刺,以与药物建立起连通。
5.根据权利要求1所述的注射装置,其中,所述多个轴向肋部包括与每个倾斜唇部相对应的成对的轴向肋部,每对轴向肋部周向地布置在相对应的所述倾斜唇部的相对两侧上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的注射装置,其中,所述滑动本体的锁定部件包括周向地布置并向远侧悬垂的悬置的多个腿部,每个腿部都具有从该腿部的远侧端部周向地突出的一对脚部。
7.根据权利要求6所述的注射装置,其中,所述一对脚部的相应近侧表面倾斜成与所述倾斜唇部的相应远侧倾斜表面的角度相对应。
8.根据权利要求6所述的注射装置,其中,随着所述滑动本体从所述双头针整个地置于所述注射装置内的第一位置运动到所述双头针的一部分延伸到所述注射装置的外部的第二位置,所述脚部接合所述倾斜唇部的近侧倾斜表面、使所述腿部径向向内地偏转并将所述腿部径向向外地偏压,一旦所述脚部向远侧地运动越过所述倾斜唇部,所述脚部便径向向外地运动以接合所述轴向肋部和沿着所述轴向肋部滑动。
9.根据权利要求8所述的注射装置,其中,随着所述滑动本体从所述第二位置运动到所述双头针整个地缩回于所述注射装置内的第三位置,所述脚部沿着所述轴向肋部滑动直到到达所述轴向肋部的近侧端部,然后所述脚部径向向外地运动到所述锁定空间中。
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