CN106848485B - Automobile heating heat exchange system intelligently started by electric heating device - Google Patents
Automobile heating heat exchange system intelligently started by electric heating device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106848485B CN106848485B CN201611189711.3A CN201611189711A CN106848485B CN 106848485 B CN106848485 B CN 106848485B CN 201611189711 A CN201611189711 A CN 201611189711A CN 106848485 B CN106848485 B CN 106848485B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- power
- heating
- water
- electric heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automobile intelligently started by an electric heating device, which comprises a heater, a water tank, a heat exchange device and the electric heating device, wherein the heat exchange device is connected between the heater and the water tank, water in the water tank enters the heat exchange device through an inlet pipeline of the heat exchange device, the water is heated in the heater and then enters the water tank through an outlet pipeline of the heat exchange device, a temperature sensor is arranged in the water tank and used for measuring the temperature of the water in the water tank, the temperature sensor and the electric heating device are in data connection with a controller, and when the heater works, the controller controls the starting and/or heating power of the electric heating device according to the water temperature measured by the temperature sensor. The intelligent electric heating system ensures the constant temperature of the heating water tank and the normal operation of the heating device by intelligently starting the electric heating device, and is suitable for various large-scale electric vehicles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heating and heat exchange system for an electric bus, in particular to an electric heating intelligent starting automobile.
Background
At present, various military and civil transport machines such as automobiles, hovercrafts, off-road vehicles, communication vehicles and the like are generally provided with heating systems for supplying heat. With the increasing shortage of fuel oil and the increasing severity of air pollution, automobiles are changed to volatile liquid fuel or gas fuel with better economical efficiency and emission performance. However, at present, the heating and heat exchanging system is never used in large electric vehicles, such as electric buses, buses and the like. And the existing heating system generally has the defects of complex structure, large volume, heavy weight, difficult installation and the like. Therefore, a new heating system needs to be developed, and an intelligent electric heating heat exchange system is also needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel heating and heat exchanging system for an automobile, aiming at solving the problems, so as to overcome the defects at present.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an automobile heating heat transfer system that electric heater unit intelligence started, includes heater, water tank, heat transfer device, electric heater unit, connect heat transfer device between heater and the water tank, water in the water tank gets into heat transfer device through heat transfer device inlet pipeline, heats in the heater, then gets into the water tank through heat transfer device outlet pipeline, set up temperature sensor in the water tank for measure the temperature of the water of water tank, temperature sensor, electric heater unit carry out data connection with the controller, and when the heater during operation, the controller is according to the start-up and/or the heating power of the temperature control electric heater unit that temperature sensor measured.
Preferably, the electric heating device automatically works when the water temperature is lower than the lower limit value, and stops working when the water temperature is higher than the upper limit value.
Preferably, the lower limit value is 80 ℃ and the upper limit value is 95 ℃.
Preferably, the controller automatically increases the heating power of the electric heating device if the detected temperature data is lower than a first value, and stops the heating of the electric heating device if the inputted temperature data is higher than a second value, which is greater than the first value.
Preferably, when the measured temperature is lower than the first temperature, the electric heating device starts heating and performs heating at a first power; when the measured temperature is lower than a second temperature lower than the first temperature, the electric heating device heats at a second power higher than the first power; when the measured temperature is lower than a third temperature lower than the second temperature, the electric heating device heats at a third power higher than the second power; when the measured temperature is lower than a fourth temperature lower than the third temperature, the electric heating device heats at a fourth power higher than the third power; when the measured temperature is lower than a fifth temperature lower than the fourth temperature, the electric heating device heats at a fifth power higher than the fourth power.
Preferably, the first temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the second temperature, the second temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the third temperature, the third temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the fourth temperature, and the fourth temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the fifth temperature.
Preferably, the fifth power is 1.1 to 1.3 times the fourth power, the fourth power is 1.1 to 1.3 times the third power, the third power is 1.1 to 1.3 times the second power, and the second power is 1.1 to 1.3 times the first power.
Preferably, the heater is a fuel heater.
Preferably, the electric heating device comprises a left tube box, a right tube box and a floating coil, the floating coil is communicated with the left tube box and the right tube box to form closed circulation of heating fluid, and electric heating rods are arranged in the left tube box and the right tube box; heating fluid is filled in the left tube box, the right tube box and the floating coil; the floating coil pipes are one or more, each floating coil pipe comprises a plurality of circular arc-shaped pipe bundles, the central lines of the circular arc-shaped pipe bundles are circular arcs of concentric circles, and the end parts of the adjacent pipe bundles are communicated, so that the end parts of the pipe bundles form free ends of the pipe bundles; the concentric circles are circles with the center of the left tube box as the center of a circle.
Preferably, the controller is connected to the automobile dashboard to display data on the dashboard.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
the inner diameter of the left tube box is a first diameter, the inner diameter of the right tube box is a second diameter, the power of the electric heating rod of the left tube box is a first power, the power of the electric heating rod of the right tube box is a second power, and the following relations are satisfied:
first power/second power = first factor (first diameter/second diameter) 2-second factor (first diameter/second diameter) + third factor;
a first coefficient, a second coefficient, a third coefficient is a coefficient, wherein 0.82< first coefficient <0.91,1.95< second coefficient <2.05,2.67< third coefficient < 2.77;
wherein 58mm < first diameter <87mm;
29mm < second diameter <68 mm;
1.2< first diameter/second diameter < 2.1;
1900W < first power < 3000W;
800W < second power < 2000W.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the intelligent electric heating device is started, so that the constant temperature of the heating water tank is ensured, the normal operation of the heating device is ensured, the structure is compact, the weight is light, the structure is simple, the installation is convenient, and the intelligent electric heating device is suitable for various large electric vehicles.
2) According to the invention, the heat exchange device and the inlet and outlet pipelines of the heating device are arranged at positions, so that the energy sources of the heating system and the heat exchange system are fully utilized, and the energy sources are saved.
3) The invention provides an auxiliary heating electric heating device with a novel structure, which is used for performing energy supplement under the condition of insufficient heating system.
4) The electric heating device adopts the floating coil pipe for heating, and by arranging the floating coil pipe, the heated fluid can generate volume expansion after being heated, and the free ends BC and B 'C' of the floating coil pipe are induced to generate vibration, so that the heat transfer is enhanced.
5) According to the invention, the heating efficiency and the heating uniformity are improved by setting the power of the electric heaters of different tube boxes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic bottom view of an automobile according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side schematic view of an automobile of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is another side view of the vehicle of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of an automobile according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the heating and heat exchanging system of the cabin of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of the battery compartment heat exchange system of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic flow diagram of the overall heating and thermal system of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an electric heating device.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view a-a in fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a dimensional schematic of the structure of fig. 9.
The reference numbers are as follows:
1 passenger cabin heating system, 2 water pump, 3 valve, 4 valve, 5 water pump, 6 heat radiation water tank, 7 battery cabin heating system, 8 battery cabin temperature sensor, 9 electric heating device, 10 controller, 11 automobile instrument, 12 temperature sensor, 13 valve, 14 water pump, 15 heater, 16 water tank, 17 heat exchange device outlet pipeline, 18 passenger cabin heating system inlet pipeline, 19 battery cabin heating system outlet pipeline, 20 heat radiation water tank inlet valve, 21 heat exchange device; 22 floating coil, 23 left tube box, 24 free end, 25 right tube box, 26 tube bundle, 27 electric heater, 271 first electric heating rod, 272 second electric heating rod, 28 passenger compartment temperature sensor;
in fig. 1, d1 represents the water inlet and outlet pipes of the heater, d2 represents the return water of the heating system of the battery compartment and the crew compartment, and d3 represents 3 water pumps 2,5 and 14.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
In this document, "/" denotes division and "×", "denotes multiplication, referring to formulas, if not specifically stated.
It is a first object of the present invention to provide a system for heating and exchanging heat in a passenger compartment.
As shown in the attached drawings, a heating and heat exchanging system for an automobile, especially an automobile used on an electric bus, comprises a heater 15, a water tank 16, a heat exchanging device 21 and a heating system 1 for a passenger compartment, wherein the heat exchanging device 21 is connected between the heater 15 and the water tank 16, the heating system 1 for the passenger compartment is connected with the water tank 16 through a pipeline, fluid in the heat exchanging device 21 absorbs heat in the heater 15 and then transfers the heat to water in the water tank 16, and the water in the water tank 16 enters the heating system 1 for the passenger compartment through an inlet pipeline 18 of the heating system 1 for the passenger compartment and then enters the water tank 16 through an outlet pipeline of the heating system for the passenger compartment.
The heating heat exchange system is arranged to heat the passenger cabin, so that the temperature in the passenger cabin is ensured.
Preferably, the heater 15 is a fuel heater.
Preferably, the fluid in the heat exchanger 21 is water in the water tank 16, and the water in the water tank 16 enters the heat exchanger 21 through an inlet line of the heat exchanger 21, is heated in the heater 15, and then enters the water tank 16 through an outlet line of the heat exchanger 21.
Preferably, the heat exchange device 21 is one or more spiral heat exchange tubes.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the inlet pipe of the heat exchange device 21 is located at the upper part of the outlet pipe of the heat exchange device 21, and the outlet pipe of the passenger compartment heating system 1 is located closer to the inlet pipe of the heat exchange device 21 than the inlet pipe of the passenger compartment heating system 1. Through such setting, can make through the more convenient entering heater of water after passenger storehouse heating system heat transfer heat for the fluid of heater heating has pertinence more, has improved the efficiency of heating.
Preferably, the inlet of the inlet pipe of the passenger compartment heating system is arranged close to the outlet of the outlet pipe of the heat exchange device 1. Through such setting, can be so that the more convenient entering passenger storehouse of water after through the heater heating is in the system of heating, improved the efficiency of heat supply.
Preferably, the fuel heater 1 is provided with an automatic oil supply device which adopts pulse oil supply.
Preferably, the combustion supporting air combustion device and the heat exchange device 1 are vertically assembled.
Preferably, the heater 15 and the water tank 16 are located at a lower position of the vehicle head, as shown in fig. 1.
Preferably, the passenger compartment heating system 1 is provided with a radiator.
A second object of the present invention is to provide an intelligently controlled heating and heat exchanging system for passenger compartment, see fig. 5 in particular.
Preferably, the inlet pipeline 18 of the passenger cabin heating system 1 is provided with a water pump 2, the passenger cabin heating system 1 is provided with a temperature sensor 28 for measuring the temperature in the passenger cabin, the water pump 2 and the temperature sensor 29 are in communication connection with the controller 10, and the controller 10 controls the opening and closing and the power of the water pump 2 according to the measured temperature.
Preferably, the controller 10 automatically reduces the power of the water pump 2 if the measured temperature in the passenger compartment is above a certain value; if the temperature is below a certain value, the controller 10 automatically increases the power of the water pump 2.
Preferably, the controller 10 controls the power of the water pump 2 to a first power when the measured temperature is higher than a first temperature; when the measured temperature is higher than a second temperature higher than the first temperature, the controller 10 controls the power of the water pump 2 to a second power smaller than the first power; when the measured temperature is higher than a third temperature higher than the second temperature, the controller controls the power of the water pump to be a third power smaller than the second power; when the measured temperature is higher than a fourth temperature higher than the third temperature, the controller controls the power of the water pump to be a fourth power smaller than the third power; the controller controls the water pump to be turned off when the measured temperature is higher than a fifth temperature higher than the fourth temperature.
Preferably, the controller 10 automatically turns off the water pump 2 if the measured temperature is higher than the upper limit value; if the temperature is below the lower limit value, the controller 10 automatically turns on the water pump 2.
Preferably, the upper limit value is 25 degrees celsius and the lower limit value is 10 degrees celsius.
Preferably, the first temperature is lower than the second temperature by 2-4 ℃, the second temperature is lower than the third temperature by 2-4 ℃, the third temperature is lower than the fourth temperature by 2-4 ℃, and the fourth temperature is lower than the fifth temperature by 2-4 ℃.
Preferably, the fourth frequency is 1.6 to 1.8 times the third frequency, the third frequency is 1.5 to 1.7 times the second frequency, and the second frequency is 1.3 to 1.5 times the first frequency.
Preferably, the first temperature, the second temperature, the third temperature, the fourth temperature and the fifth temperature are sequentially reduced in amplitude continuously.
Further preferably, the first temperature is lower than the second temperature by 3.5-4 ℃, the second temperature is lower than the third temperature by 3-3.5 ℃, the third temperature is lower than the fourth temperature by 2.5-3 ℃, and the fourth temperature is lower than the fifth temperature by 2-2.5 ℃.
By optimizing the temperature and power, especially by setting the heating power and temperature difference in a differentiated manner, the heating efficiency can be further improved, and the time can be saved. Experiments show that the heat supply efficiency can be improved by about 18-21%, the heat supply time can be saved, and the temperature of the passenger compartment can be recovered and kept constant as soon as possible.
Preferably, the controller 10 is connected to the automobile dial gauge 11 so as to display data on the dial gauge 11.
Preferably, a valve 3, preferably a hand valve, is arranged on the inlet line of the passenger compartment heating system.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a system for heating and heat exchanging for keeping the battery compartment warm, see fig. 6 in particular.
Preferably, the system further comprises a battery compartment heating system 7, and the water in the water tank 16 enters the battery compartment heating system 7 through an inlet pipeline of the battery compartment heating system 7 and then enters the water tank 16 through an outlet pipeline 19 of the battery compartment heating system 7.
According to the invention, the heating heat exchange system is arranged to heat the battery compartment, so that the temperature in the battery compartment is ensured, the battery can normally run, and the automobile fault caused by overcooling is avoided.
Preferably, the system is provided with a bypass pipeline connected with an outlet pipeline of the battery compartment heat supply system 7 in parallel, the bypass pipeline is provided with a heat radiation water tank 6, and the heat radiation water tank 6 and the battery compartment heat supply system form a circulation.
The cooling water tank 6 is internally provided with cold water, and under the condition of overhigh temperature of the battery compartment, the water in the cooling water tank circulates to the battery compartment to be cooled, so that the normal operation of the battery in the battery compartment is ensured.
Preferably, valves 20, 28 are provided in the bypass line and the outlet line in parallel therewith, respectively. The valve can be used for selecting the on-off pipeline circulation of the radiating water tank or the circulation of water in the water tank 16 so as to meet the requirement of adopting different heat exchange strategies under the condition of overheating or overcooling of the battery compartment.
A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an intelligently controlled heating and heat exchanging system for preserving the temperature of the automobile battery, and particularly refer to fig. 6.
Preferably, a water pump 5 is arranged on an inlet pipeline of the battery compartment heating system 2, a temperature sensor 8 is arranged on the battery compartment heating system and used for measuring the temperature in the battery compartment, the water pump 5 and the temperature sensor 8 are in communication connection with a controller 10, and the controller 10 controls the power of the water pump 5 according to the measured temperature of the battery compartment.
According to the intelligent control system, the battery of the electric bus can be ensured to normally run in winter in an intelligent control mode, and energy is saved.
Preferably, the controller 10 automatically reduces the power of the water pump if the temperature of the battery compartment is higher than an upper limit value; if the temperature of the battery compartment is below the lower limit value, the controller 10 automatically increases the power of the water pump 5.
Preferably, the controller controls the power of the water pump to be a first power when the measured temperature is higher than a first temperature; when the measured temperature is higher than a second temperature higher than the first temperature, the controller controls the power of the water pump to be a second power smaller than the first power; when the measured temperature is higher than a third temperature higher than the second temperature, the controller controls the power of the water pump to be a third power smaller than the second power; when the measured temperature is higher than a fourth temperature higher than the third temperature, the controller controls the power of the water pump to be a fourth power smaller than the third power; the controller controls the water pump to be turned off when the measured temperature is higher than a fifth temperature higher than the fourth temperature.
Preferably, the first temperature is higher than the second temperature by 0.8-1.7 ℃, the second temperature is higher than the third temperature by 0.8-1.7 ℃, the third temperature is higher than the fourth temperature by 0.8-1.7 ℃, and the fourth temperature is higher than the fifth temperature by 0.8-1.7 ℃.
Preferably, the fourth frequency is 1.6 to 1.8 times the third frequency, the third frequency is 1.5 to 1.7 times the second frequency, and the second frequency is 1.3 to 1.5 times the first frequency.
Preferably, if the temperature is higher than the upper limit value, the controller automatically turns off the water pump 5; if the temperature is lower than the lower limit value, the controller automatically turns on the water pump.
Preferably, the upper limit value is 10 degrees celsius and the lower limit value is 5 degrees celsius.
Preferably, when the measured temperature exceeds a certain temperature, the controller 10 controls the cooling water tank 6 and the battery compartment cooling system 8 to circulate.
Preferably, the valves 20 and 4 on the bypass line and the outlet line connected in parallel with the bypass line are in data connection with a controller, and the controller selects to open and close the valves according to the measured temperature so as to meet different heat exchange strategies under different conditions. If the temperature is too high, circulation is performed between the heat dissipation water tank and the battery compartment, and if the temperature is too low, circulation is performed between the water tank 16 and the battery compartment.
The fifth purpose of the invention is to provide a comprehensive heating and heat exchanging system for an electric vehicle, which comprises the aforementioned heating and heat exchanging system for a passenger compartment and the battery heat preservation heating and heat exchanging system. I.e. a combination of the first and third objects above. See in particular fig. 7.
The sixth purpose of the invention is to provide an automobile heating and heat exchanging system with the intelligent starting of the electric heating device.
Preferably, the system comprises an electric heating device 9, the electric heating device 9 is arranged in a water tank 16, a temperature sensor 12 is arranged in the water tank 16 and used for measuring the temperature of water in the water tank 16, the temperature sensor 12 and the electric heating device 9 are in data connection with a controller 10, and when the heater 15 works, the controller 10 controls the starting of the electric heating device 9 and/or the change of heating power according to the water temperature measured by the temperature sensor 12.
Through setting up electric heater unit 9, can be so that under the unable normal operating's of heater, perhaps can't satisfy under the condition of heat transfer demand, carry out the auxiliary heating.
Preferably, the electric heating device 9 is automatically operated when the water temperature is lower than the lower limit value, and the electric heating device 9 is stopped when the water temperature is higher than the upper limit value.
Preferably, the lower limit value is 80 ℃ and the upper limit value is 95 ℃.
Preferably, the controller 10 automatically increases the heating power of the electric heating apparatus 10 if the detected temperature data is lower than a first value, and the controller 10 stops the heating of the electric heating apparatus 10 if the measured temperature data is higher than a second value, which is larger than the first value.
Preferably, when the measured temperature is lower than the first temperature, the electric heating device 10 starts heating and performs heating at a first power; when the measured temperature is lower than a second temperature lower than the first temperature, the electric heating device 10 heats at a second power higher than the first power; when the measured temperature is lower than a third temperature lower than the second temperature, the electric heating device 10 heats at a third power higher than the second power; when the measured temperature is lower than a fourth temperature lower than the third temperature, the electric heating device 10 heats at a fourth power higher than the third power; when the measured temperature is lower than a fifth temperature lower than the fourth temperature, the electric heating apparatus 10 is heated at a fifth power higher than the fourth power.
Preferably, the first temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the second temperature, the second temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the third temperature, the third temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the fourth temperature, and the fourth temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the fifth temperature.
Further preferably, the first temperature is higher than the second temperature by 3.8-4.3 ℃, the second temperature is higher than the third temperature by 3.3-4.3.8 ℃, the third temperature is higher than the fourth temperature by 3.3-3.8 ℃, and the fourth temperature is higher than the fifth temperature by 2.8-3.3 ℃.
Preferably, the fifth power is 1.1 to 1.3 times the fourth power, the fourth power is 1.1 to 1.3 times the third power, the third power is 1.1 to 1.3 times the second power, and the second power is 1.1 to 1.3 times the first power.
Preferably, the fifth power is 1.1 to 1.15 times the fourth power, the fourth power is 1.15 to 1.2 times the third power, the third power is 1.2 to 1.25 times the second power, and the second power is 1.25 to 1.3 times the first power.
By optimizing the temperature and power, especially by setting the heating power and temperature difference in a differentiated manner, the heating efficiency can be further improved, and the time can be saved. Experiments show that the heating efficiency can be improved by about 15-20%.
Preferably, the temperature sensor 12 is a plurality of temperature sensors, wherein at least one temperature sensor is disposed at a position of an outlet of the water tank (i.e., a position where the water tank is connected to an inlet pipe of the heat exchange device) for measuring a temperature of outlet hot water, at least one temperature sensor is disposed at a position of an inlet of the water tank (i.e., a position where the water tank is connected to an outlet pipe of the heat exchange device) for measuring a temperature of cold water at the inlet position, wherein at least one temperature sensor is disposed at another position of the water tank for measuring a temperature of water at another position of the water tank, and the controller 10 controls an operation of the electric water heater according to temperature data measured by the plurality of temperature sensors.
Preferably, the temperature sensor 12 is disposed at a water outlet of the water tank for measuring the temperature of the outlet hot water, and the control is controlled by the temperature of the outlet hot water measured by the temperature sensor.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric water heater, as shown in fig. 8, the electric water heater includes an electric heating device 10 located in a water tank, the electric heating device 10 includes a left pipe box 23, a right pipe box 25 and a floating coil 22, the floating coil 22 is communicated with the left pipe box 23 and the right pipe box 25, a heating fluid is circulated in the left pipe box 23, the right pipe box 25 and the floating coil in a closed manner, an electric heater 27 is disposed in the electric heating device 10, and the electric heater 27 is used for heating an inner fluid of the electric heating device 10 and then heating water in the water tank by the heated fluid.
Preferably, the electric heating apparatus 10 is provided in the left or right header 23 or 25.
The floating coils 22 are in one or more groups, each group of floating coils 22 comprising a plurality of circular arc-shaped tube bundles 26, the center lines of the plurality of circular arc-shaped tube bundles 26 being circular arcs of concentric circles, the ends of adjacent tube bundles 26 communicating such that the ends of the coils 22 form a free end 24 of the tube bundle, such as the free end 24 in fig. 6.
Preferably, the heating fluid is heat transfer oil.
The floating coil is firstly applied to the water heater, the heated fluid can generate volume expansion after being heated by arranging the floating coil, the free end 24 of the floating coil 22 is induced to generate vibration, and the vibration is transferred to surrounding water to generate a disturbance effect on the surrounding water, so that the effect of enhancing heat transfer is generated.
In the present invention, since the electric heater 27 is disposed in the header 23, 25, it is possible to directly prevent the fluid from contacting the electric heater, thereby preventing electric shock and protecting the electric heater.
Preferably, the left channel box 23, the right channel box 25 and the floating coil 22 are all of a circular tube structure.
Preferably, the tube bundle of the floating coil 22 is an elastic tube bundle.
The heat transfer coefficient can be further improved by providing the tube bundle of floating coils 22 with an elastic tube bundle.
Preferably, the concentric circles are circles centered on the center of the left tube box 23. I.e., the tube bundle 26 of floating coils 22, is disposed about the center line of the left tube box 23.
As shown in fig. 9, the tube bundle 26 is not a complete circle, but rather leaves a mouth, thereby forming the free end of the tube bundle. The angle of the arc of the mouth part is 65-85 degrees, namely the sum of the included angles b and c in figure 7 is 65-85 degrees.
Preferably, the pipe diameter of the left pipe box 23 is larger than that of the right pipe box 25.
Through the arrangement, the heat transfer can be further enhanced, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved by 8-15%.
Preferably, the left tube box has an inner diameter of R1, and the right tube box has an inner diameter of R2, which is 1.5< R1/R2< 2.5.
Through the preferred setting, can make heat exchange efficiency reach the best.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent tube bundles becomes larger as it becomes farther from the center of the left tube box 23.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent tube bundles is increased to a greater and greater extent.
Through the preferable arrangement, the heat exchange efficiency can be further improved, and the heating uniformity is increased. Experiments show that the heat exchange efficiency can be improved by 10-11% by the arrangement.
Preferably, the tube bundle has a larger diameter as it is farther from the center of the left tube box 23.
Preferably, the diameter of the tube bundle is increased to a greater and greater extent.
Through the preferable arrangement, the heat exchange efficiency can be further improved, and the heating uniformity is increased. Experiments show that the heat exchange efficiency can be improved by about 10% by the arrangement.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 8, the electric heaters 27 are respectively disposed in the left and right headers 23 and 25, that is, the first electric heater 271 is disposed in the left header 23, and the second electric heater 272 is disposed in the right header 25.
Preferably, the left and right headers 23 and 25 have the same length.
The pipe diameter of the left pipe box is preferably larger than that of the right pipe box.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, when the water heater is operated, the heating power of the first electric heater 271 is greater than that of the second electric heater 272. Through the setting, through experimental discovery, can make the hot-water heating more even in the water tank.
Preferably, the heating power of the first electric heater 271 is 1.3 to 1.8 times, preferably 1.4 to 1.65 times, the power of the second electric heater 272.
In numerical simulations and corresponding experiments, it was found that the dimensions of the left and right channel boxes 23, 25 and the proportional relationship between the first and second heaters 271, 272 can have an effect on heating efficiency and uniformity. If the difference between the sizes of the left and right channel boxes 23 and 25 is too large and the difference between the heating powers of the first and second heaters 271 and 272 is relatively small, the heating efficiency is low and the heating is not uniform, and similarly, if the difference between the sizes of the left and right channel boxes 23 and 25 is too small and the difference between the heating powers of the first and second heaters 271 and 272 is relatively large, the heating efficiency is low and the heating is not uniform. Therefore, the invention summarizes the relationship through a large number of numerical simulations, and verifies the relationship through experiments. The optimal relationship between the sizes of the left and right headers 23 and 25 and the heating powers of the first and second heaters 271 and 272 is obtained.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the left tube box is a first diameter, the inner diameter of the right tube box is a second diameter, the power of the electric heating rod of the left tube box is a first power, the power of the electric heating rod of the right tube box is a second power, and the following relationship is satisfied:
first power/second power = first factor (first diameter/second diameter) 2-second factor (first diameter/second diameter) + third factor;
a first coefficient, a second coefficient, a third coefficient is a coefficient, wherein 0.82< first coefficient <0.91,1.95< second coefficient <2.05,2.67< third coefficient < 2.77;
wherein 58mm < first diameter <87mm;
29mm < second diameter <68 mm;
1.2< first diameter/second diameter < 2.1; preferably, 1.5< first power/second power <2.3;
950W < first power < 1500W;
400W < second power < 1000W.
Preferably, the first coefficient, the third coefficient and the second coefficient decrease as the first diameter/the second diameter increases.
Preferably, the number of bundles is 3-5, preferably 3 or 4.
Preferably, the first coefficient =0.87, the second coefficient =2, and the third coefficient = 2.72.
The distance between the central lines of the left channel box 23 and the right channel box 25 is 220 mm and 270 mm; preferably 240 and 250 mm.
The radius of the tube bundle is preferably 10-25 mm;
preferably, the distance between the arc on which the center line of the tube bundle closest to the center line of the left tube cassette is located and the arc on which the center line of the tube bundle adjacent thereto is located (for example, the distance between the center lines of the arcs on which the tube bundles a and B are located in fig. 9) is 1.1 to 2.0 times, preferably 1.2 to 1.7 times, and preferably 1.3 to 1.5 times the average outer diameter (outer diameter) of the two tube bundles.
The average of the diameters of the two tube bundles is the weighted average of the diameters of the two tubes.
Preferably, the ends of the tube bundle on the same side are aligned in the same plane, with the extension of the ends (or the plane in which the ends lie) passing through the midline of the left tube box 23, as shown in FIG. 10.
Further preferably, the electric heater 27 is an electric heating rod.
In the electric heating device of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, the left channel box 23 is communicated with the end a of the floating coil; and the right tube box 25 is communicated with the end D of the floating coil.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 9, the floating coil 22 has a first end of the inner tube bundle connected to the first tube box 2 and a second end connected to one end of the adjacent outer tube bundle, and the floating coil 22 has an end of the outermost tube bundle connected to the second tube box 8 and ends of the adjacent tube bundles connected to each other, thereby forming a serial structure.
The plane in which the first end is located forms an angle c of 40-50 degrees with the plane in which the centre lines of the first and second headers 2, 8 are located.
The plane of the second end forms an angle b of 25-35 degrees with the plane of the centre lines of the first and second headers 2, 8.
Through the design of the preferable included angle, the vibration of the free end is optimal, and therefore the heating efficiency is optimal.
As shown in fig. 9, there are 4 tube bundles of floating coil, tube bundle A, B, C, D in communication. Of course, the number is not limited to four, and a plurality of the connecting structures are the same as that in fig. 4.
The floating coil 22 is provided in plurality, and the floating coils 22 are independently connected to the first tube box 2 and the second tube box 8, that is, the floating coils 22 are connected in parallel.
According to the fuel oil preheating and heat exchanging system of the automobile, particularly the electric bus, after the heater 15 is ignited for heating, when the water temperature is lower than or equal to 80 ℃, the electric heating device 9 automatically works, when the water temperature is higher than or equal to 95 ℃, the electric heating device 9 stops working, the water pump 14 sucks water into the heat exchanging device 21 of the heater 15, after circulating water is heated, the water is discharged back to a main water circulating system, namely a water tank 16, through the action of the water pump 14, and the water valve 13 controls the circulating water to be turned off;
the hot water circulated from the passenger cabin by the heater 15 is sucked into a radiator in a passenger cabin heating system through the water pump 2, the temperature in the member cabin is increased to room temperature in the whole circulation process, the temperature in the member cabin is intelligently judged by the controller 10, the controller controls the water pump to be started in winter when the temperature is less than or equal to 10 ℃, and the controller controls the water pump 2 to be stopped in summer when the temperature is more than or equal to 25 ℃;
the hot water circulated out by the heater 15 in the battery compartment is sucked into a radiator in a battery compartment heating system through the water pump 5, when the temperature sensed by the battery compartment temperature sensor is less than or equal to 5 ℃, the controller controls the water pump 5 to work, and when the temperature is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the controller controls the water pump 5 to stop working; when heat is supplied to the battery compartment, the valve 4 is opened, and the valve 20 is closed;
when the controller 10 judges that the temperature is in summer, the valve 4 is closed, the valve 20 is opened, the heat dissipation water tank 6 is in small circulation and is connected with the battery compartment heat dissipation system 7 in parallel, and then the temperature in the battery compartment is intelligently controlled to be kept constant. The main body water circulation system 16 and the battery compartment heat dissipation system 7 are respectively provided with a water temperature sensor 12 and a compartment temperature sensor 8 which are in data connection with the controller 10, the controller carries out intelligent judgment to control the operation of the functions, the real-time temperature is completely displayed on the instrument panel 11, so that a driver can more conveniently master the temperature change of each part, and corresponding control is carried out according to the temperature change.
Preferably, the temperature measured by the cabin temperature sensor 28 is also displayed on the instrument panel 11 in real time.
Preferably, the high pressure water pump 14 is provided with a butterfly fan connected to the inlet and outlet pipes.
The cabin radiator is composed of 8 groups of hollow radiating fins.
The battery compartment supplies, the heat dissipation system is in the process of driving in the electronic bus with the help of the heater 15 too, because it is the power battery, consume the electric quantity greatly, the temperature change is fast, when the heat source that the heater 15 circulates out passes the main body water circulation system 16, suck the heat source through the high-pressure water pump 5 after judging the temperature intelligently by the controller 10, circulate to the heat dissipation system 7 composed of 4 pieces of hollow air-cooling fins, another end has water circulation loop to return to the main body water circulation system 16.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an automobile heating heat transfer system that electric heater unit intelligence started which characterized in that: the passenger cabin heating system comprises a heater, a water tank, a heat exchange device, an electric heating device and a passenger cabin heating system, wherein the heat exchange device is connected between the heater and the water tank, water in the water tank enters the heat exchange device through an inlet pipeline of the heat exchange device, the water is heated in the heater and then enters the water tank through an outlet pipeline of the heat exchange device, a temperature sensor is arranged in the water tank and used for measuring the temperature of the water in the water tank, the temperature sensor and the electric heating device are in data connection with a controller, and when the heater works, the controller controls the starting and/or heating power of the electric heating device according to the water temperature measured by the temperature sensor;
electric heater unit includes left pipe case, right pipe case and floating coil, and floating coil is linked together with left pipe case and right pipe case, forms heating fluid closed cycle, and the electric heating stick sets up in left pipe case and right pipe case: the left tube box, the right tube box and the floating coil are filled with heating fluid: the coil pipe that floats is two or more, and every coil pipe that floats includes many convex tube bundles, and the central line of many convex tube bundles is the circular arc of concentric circles, and the tip intercommunication of adjacent tube bundle to make the tip of tube bundle form the tube bundle free end: the concentric circles are circles taking the center of the left tube box as the center of a circle;
the water in the water tank enters the heat supply system of the passenger cabin through the inlet pipeline of the heat supply system of the passenger cabin and then enters the water tank through the outlet pipeline of the heat supply system of the passenger cabin; the inlet pipeline of the heat exchange device is positioned at the upper part of the outlet pipeline of the heat exchange device, and the outlet pipeline of the passenger cabin heating system is arranged closer to the inlet pipeline of the heat exchange device than the inlet pipeline of the passenger cabin heating system; the heating device is used for enabling water subjected to heat exchange through the passenger cabin heating system to more conveniently enter the heater for heating, so that fluid heated by the heater is more targeted;
the inlet of the inlet pipeline of the passenger cabin heating system is arranged close to the outlet of the outlet pipeline of the heat exchange device, and water heated by the heater can more conveniently enter the passenger cabin heating system.
2. The vehicle heating and heat exchanging system of claim 1, wherein: when the water temperature is lower than the lower limit value, the electric heating device automatically works; when the water temperature is higher than the upper limit value, the electric heating device stops working.
3. The vehicle heating and heat exchanging system of claim 1, wherein: if the detected temperature data is lower than a first value, the controller automatically increases the heating power of the electric heating device, and if the input temperature data is higher than a second value, the controller stops the heating of the electric heating device, wherein the second value is larger than the first value.
4. The vehicle heating and heat exchanging system of claim 3, wherein: when the measured temperature is lower than the first temperature, the electric heating device starts heating and heats at a first power: when the measured temperature is lower than a second temperature lower than the first temperature, the electric heating device heats at a second power higher than the first power: when the measured temperature is lower than a third temperature lower than the second temperature, the electric heating device heats at a third power higher than the second power: when the measured temperature is lower than a fourth temperature lower than the third temperature, the electric heating device heats at a fourth power higher than the third power: when the measured temperature is lower than a fifth temperature lower than the fourth temperature, the electric heating device heats at a fifth power higher than the fourth power.
5. The vehicle heating and heat exchanging system of claim 4, wherein: the first temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the second temperature, the second temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the third temperature, the third temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the fourth temperature, and the fourth temperature is 4-6 ℃ higher than the fifth temperature.
6. The vehicle heating and heat exchanging system of claim 4, wherein: the fifth power is 1.1-1.3 times of the fourth power, the fourth power is 1.1-1.3 times of the third power, the third power is 1.1-1.3 times of the second power, and the second power is 1.1-1.3 times of the first power.
7. The vehicle heating and heat exchanging system of claim 1, wherein: the heater is a fuel heater.
8. The vehicle heating and heat exchanging system of claim 1, wherein: the controller is connected with the automobile dial gauge so as to display data on the dial gauge.
9. The vehicle heating and heat exchanging system of claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter of the left tube box is a first diameter, the inner diameter of the right tube box is a second diameter, the power of the electric heating rod of the left tube box is a first power, the power of the electric heating rod of the right tube box is a second power, and the following relations are satisfied:
first power/second power-first factor ＊ (first diameter/second diameter) 2-second factor ＊ (first diameter/second diameter) + third factor:
the first coefficient, the second coefficient and the third coefficient are coefficients, wherein 0.82< the first coefficient < 0.91; the second coefficient is more than 1.95 and less than 2.05; the third coefficient is more than 2.67 and less than 2.77;
wherein the first diameter is more than 58mm and less than 87mm; the second diameter is more than 29mm and less than 68 mm;
the second diameter is more than 1.2/the second diameter is less than 2.1;
1900W < the first power < 3000W;
800W < second power < 2000W.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2016108093840 | 2016-09-08 | ||
| CN201610809384 | 2016-09-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106848485A CN106848485A (en) | 2017-06-13 |
| CN106848485B true CN106848485B (en) | 2020-03-13 |
Family
ID=59139725
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611189711.3A Active CN106848485B (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2016-12-21 | Automobile heating heat exchange system intelligently started by electric heating device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106848485B (en) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107359384A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-11-17 | 威马智慧出行科技（上海）有限公司 | Battery bag heater and battery bag heating means |
| CN112503982B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-10-15 | 中北大学 | Method for controlling heating of loop heat pipe system according to liquid level |
| CN112503981B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-10-15 | 中北大学 | Method for controlling heating of loop heat pipe system according to temperature |
| CN112556467B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2022-03-04 | 中北大学 | Speed difference loop heat pipe system |
| CN112082409B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-05-17 | 北京瑞晨航宇能源科技有限公司 | Shell-and-tube heat exchanger with regularly changed valve opening |
| CN112082408B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-06-24 | 广州市政隆实业有限公司 | Three-fluid shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
| CN112097549B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-08-19 | 山东鲁润热能科技有限公司 | Valve opening and closing control induced vibration shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
| CN112129138B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-05-06 | 深圳协同动力技术有限公司 | Flow-control shell-and-tube heat exchanger capable of inducing vibration |
| CN112902705B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2022-04-15 | 山东大学 | Three heat source shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
| CN112902703B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2022-02-08 | 山东大学 | Shell-and-tube heat exchanger for gas heat exchange |
| CN115014097B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2023-08-22 | 山东大学 | Shell-and-tube heat exchanger with different heating powers |
| CN112797823B (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2021-10-01 | 山东建筑大学 | Gas heat exchanger for heating according to pressure |
| CN112797821B (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2022-05-24 | 山东大学 | Shell-and-tube heat exchanger for switching heat source to heat gas |
| CN112648862B (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2022-05-27 | 山东大学 | Three-heat-source shell-and-tube heat exchanger capable of switching heat sources according to temperature |
| CN112665414B (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2022-05-31 | 山东大学 | Three-heat-source shell-and-tube heat exchanger capable of switching heat sources according to speed |
| CN113137875B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2022-03-15 | 山东大学 | Loop heat pipe heat exchanger for heating according to pressure difference |
| CN113137876B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2022-03-15 | 山东大学 | Loop heat pipe heat exchanger for switching heat source to heat gas |
| CN112179167B (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2022-09-20 | 深圳市易酷科技有限公司 | Three-fluid heat exchanger capable of controlling heat exchange of heat exchange tubes according to pressure difference |
| CN112161491B (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2022-04-05 | 山东北辰机电设备股份有限公司 | Three-fluid heat exchanger capable of controlling heat exchange of heat exchange tubes according to flow speed difference |
| CN112179168B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2022-09-16 | 无锡亚飞换热器制造有限公司 | Liquid level control heat exchange method of three-fluid heat exchanger |
| CN112179169B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2022-06-14 | 无锡市普尔换热器制造有限公司 | Temperature control heat exchange method of three-fluid heat exchanger |
| CN116345018B (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2024-03-19 | 常州天目智能科技有限公司 | Battery thermal management system, control system and method and electric automobile |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2126907Y (en) * | 1992-06-26 | 1993-02-10 | 山东工业大学 | Water-water heat exchanger of combined horizontal floating coil |
| CN202008227U (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2011-10-12 | 刘林沛 | Floating coil type boiler smoke waste heat recovery device |
| CN103895470B (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2016-02-10 | 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of control setup of heating system of vehicle coal electric boiler and control method thereof |
| CN104852103B (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2018-03-13 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of device, method and automobile for being used to adjust temperature of powered cell |
| CN204472491U (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-07-15 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵技术学院 | A kind of automatic temperature control being applied to cold district heavy-duty vehicle |
-
2016
- 2016-12-21 CN CN201611189711.3A patent/CN106848485B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106848485A (en) | 2017-06-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106848485B (en) | Automobile heating heat exchange system intelligently started by electric heating device | |
| US9680190B1 (en) | Intelligent multiple-loop electric vehicle cooling system | |
| CN106515370B (en) | To the heating heat-exchange system of automobile batteries storehouse heat preservation | |
| CN102088108B (en) | Power battery of motor vehicle provided with air conditioning system | |
| CN107839433A (en) | The thermal management system of whole of plug-in hybrid-power automobile | |
| CN208111636U (en) | A kind of new-energy automobile heat management device | |
| CN106299411A (en) | Fuel cell heat management system and the vehicle with it | |
| CN206532846U (en) | Heat management device of electric car | |
| CN207942903U (en) | A kind of electric motor coach thermal management system of whole and vehicle | |
| CN102632790A (en) | Electric automobile and heat control system thereof | |
| CN108336445A (en) | Battery pack heat management system and battery pack | |
| CN206954482U (en) | A kind of Central Cooling Water System of LNG fuel ship | |
| CN205185783U (en) | Warm -air device for automobile | |
| CN106739931B (en) | A kind of heating heat-exchange system of automobile | |
| CN107275711A (en) | Battery bag is heated and cooling device | |
| CN106585411A (en) | Intelligently controlled car battery heat insulation heating and heat exchange system | |
| NO880216L (en) | CAR HEATING SYSTEM WITH MORE INDEPENDENT HEATING SOURCES. | |
| CN206789656U (en) | A kind of power battery pack heating and cooling system | |
| CN106523238A (en) | Engine water cycle controlling method and system of loader | |
| CN114851802A (en) | Integrated heat management device and system | |
| CN207433190U (en) | The thermal management system of whole of plug-in hybrid-power automobile | |
| CN208149059U (en) | A kind of temperature adjustable type vehicular propulsion | |
| CN216002118U (en) | Thermal management system of extended-range hybrid vehicle and vehicle | |
| RU175682U1 (en) | Vehicle Battery Heater | |
| CN207165708U (en) | Battery bag heats and cooling device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |