CN106739931B - A kind of heating heat-exchange system of automobile - Google Patents
A kind of heating heat-exchange system of automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN106739931B CN106739931B CN201611190023.9A CN201611190023A CN106739931B CN 106739931 B CN106739931 B CN 106739931B CN 201611190023 A CN201611190023 A CN 201611190023A CN 106739931 B CN106739931 B CN 106739931B
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 176
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003416 augmentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004262 dental pulp cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/03—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant and from a source other than the propulsion plant
- B60H1/034—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant and from a source other than the propulsion plant from the cooling liquid of the propulsion plant and from an electric heating device
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of heating heat-exchange systems of automobile, including heater, water tank, heat-exchanger rig, service on buses or trains storehouse heating system and battery compartment heating system, heat-exchanger rig is connected between the heater and water tank, the battery compartment heating system passes through piping connection water tank, fluid in the heat-exchanger rig absorbs heat in the heater, then the water in water tank is transferred heat to, water in the water tank enters battery compartment heating system by battery compartment heating system entrance pipe, then enters water tank by the outlet of battery compartment heating system；Service on buses or trains storehouse heating system passes through piping connection water tank, and the water in the water tank enters service on buses or trains storehouse heating system by service on buses or trains storehouse heating system entrance pipe, then enters water tank by the outlet of service on buses or trains storehouse heating system.The heating heat-exchange system of automobile of the present invention, it is compact-sized, it is light-weight, structure is simple, it is easy for installation, it is suitble to the use of various Large Electric vehicles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind for heating on electric bus vehicle and heat-exchange system, specifically, being related to a kind of to multiplying
The system that member is heated and exchanged heat in storehouse.
Background technique
Currently, automobile, aircushion vehicle, offroad vehicle, various military and civilian's conveying mechanicals such as communication truck generally all setting heating systems are come
Carry out heat supply.As the increasingly in short supply and atmosphere pollution of fuel oil is got worse, many automobiles use economy and emission performance instead
Better volatile liquid fuel or gaseous fuel.But heating heat-exchange system never uses on Large Electric vehicle at present
It crosses, such as electric bus, bus etc..And current heating system is generally existing that structure is complicated, volume is big, weight is heavy, peace
The disadvantages of dress is difficult.Therefore it is badly in need of developing a kind of new heating system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned problem, a kind of heating heat-exchange system that new automobile uses is proposed, to overcome at present
Defect.
To achieve the goals above, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of automobile heating heat-exchange system, including heater, water tank, heat-exchanger rig, service on buses or trains storehouse heating system and battery compartment
Heating system connects heat-exchanger rig between the heater and water tank, the battery compartment heating system passes through piping connection water tank,
Fluid in the heat-exchanger rig absorbs heat in the heater, then transfers heat to the water in water tank, in the water tank
Water battery compartment heating system is entered by battery compartment heating system entrance pipe, then by battery compartment heating system export into
Enter water tank；
Service on buses or trains storehouse heating system passes through piping connection water tank, and the water in the water tank is entered by service on buses or trains storehouse heating system
Mouth pipeline enters service on buses or trains storehouse heating system, then enters water tank by the outlet of service on buses or trains storehouse heating system.
Preferably, the heater is fuel heater.
Preferably, the fluid in the heat-exchanger rig is the water in water tank, the water in water tank passes through heat-exchanger rig entrance
Pipeline enters heat-exchanger rig, is heated in the heater, then enters water tank by heat-exchanger rig export pipeline.
Preferably, valve is arranged in the heat-exchanger rig entrance pipe, temperature sensor is set in the water tank, is used
In the temperature of water in measurement water tank, the valve and temperature sensor and controller carry out communication connection, the controller according to
The aperture of the temperature control valve of water in the water tank of measurement.
Preferably, controller reduces the aperture of entrance pipe valve automatically if water temperature is higher than upper limit fixed number value；If
Water temperature is lower than lower numerical limit, and controller improves the aperture of entrance pipe valve automatically.
Preferably, the aperture that controller controls entrance tube valve is first when the temperature of measurement is higher than the first temperature
Aperture；When the temperature of measurement be higher than the second temperature higher than the first temperature when, controller control entrance tube valve aperture be than
The second small aperture of first aperture；When the temperature of measurement is higher than the third temperature higher than second temperature, controller controls entrance
The aperture of tube valve is the third aperture smaller than the second aperture；When the temperature of measurement is higher than fourth temperature higher than third temperature
When, the aperture that controller controls entrance tube valve is fourth aperture smaller than third aperture；When the temperature of measurement is higher than than the 4th
When high five temperature of temperature, the aperture that controller controls entrance tube valve is to close.
Preferably, the first temperature is greater than 4-6 degrees Celsius of second temperature, second temperature is greater than 4-6 degrees Celsius of third temperature,
Third temperature is greater than the 4th 4-6 degrees Celsius of temperature, and the 4th temperature is greater than the 5th 4-6 degrees Celsius of temperature.
Preferably, the 4th aperture is 1.6-1.8 times of third aperture, third aperture is 1.5-1.7 times of the second aperture,
Second aperture is 1.3-1.5 times of the first aperture.
Preferably, electric heater unit is arranged in the water tank, the electric heater unit includes left pipe box, right pipe box and floats
Moving plate pipe, floating coiled pipe are connected with left pipe box and right pipe box, form heating fluid closed circulation, and electrically heated rod is arranged in left pipe
In case and right pipe box；Filling heating fluid in left pipe box, right pipe box and floating coiled pipe；Floating coiled pipe is one or more, often
A floating coiled pipe includes more arc-shaped tube banks, and the center line of more arc-shaped tube banks is the circular arc of concentric circles, adjacent tubes
The end of beam is connected to, so that the end of tube bank forms tube bank free end.
Preferably, the internal diameter of left pipe box is first diameter, the internal diameter of right pipe box is second diameter, the electric heating of left pipe box
The power of stick is the first power, and the power of the electrically heated rod of right pipe box is the second power, meets following relationship:
First power/the second power=the first coefficient * (first diameter/second diameter) 2- the second coefficient * (first diameter/the
Two diameters)+third coefficient；
First coefficient, the second coefficient, third coefficient are coefficients, wherein 0.82 < the first coefficient < 0.91,1.95 < second coefficient
< 2.05,2.67 < third coefficient < 2.77；
Wherein 58mm < first diameter < 87mm;
29mm < second diameter < 68mm；
1.2 < first diameter/second diameter < 2.1；
1900W < the first power < 3000W；
800W < the second power < 2000W.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that:
1) present invention is compact-sized by providing a kind of new heating heat-exchange system, light-weight, structure is simple, installation
It is convenient, it is suitble to the use of various Large Electric vehicles.
2) present invention is guaranteed heating system and is changed by the setting of the position of heat-exchanger rig and the entrance pipeline of heating device
Making full use of for the energy of hot systems, it is energy saving.
3) the present invention provides a kind of electric heater units of the auxiliary heating of Novel structure, in the insufficient feelings of heating system
Energy supplement is carried out under condition.
4) electric heater unit is heated using floating coiled pipe, by the way that floating coiled pipe is arranged, can generate body after heating fluid is heated
Product expansion, induction floating coiled pipe free end BC, B ' C ' generates vibration, thus augmentation of heat transfer.
5) present invention is by the setting of the electric heater capacities of different bobbin carriages, improves the uniform of heating efficiency and its heating
Property.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic bottom view of automobile of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the side schematic view of automobile of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the another side schematic diagram of automobile of the invention.
The front view of Fig. 4 automobile of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that heat-exchange system flow diagram is heated in service on buses or trains storehouse of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the hot heat-exchange system flow diagram of battery compartment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is that hot systems flow diagram is gone back in whole heating of the invention.
Fig. 8 is electric heater unit section view.
Fig. 9 is the Section A-A view in Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the scale diagrams of Fig. 9 structure.
Appended drawing reference is as follows:
1 passenger cabin heating system, 2 water pumps, 3 valves, 4 valves, 5 water pumps, 6 cooling water tanks, 7 battery compartment heating systems, 8 electricity
Pond storehouse temperature sensor, 9 electric heater units, 10 controllers, 11 automobile instruments, 12 temperature sensors, 13 valves, 14 water pumps, 15
Heater, 16 water tanks, 17 heat-exchanger rig export pipelines, 18 passenger cabin heating system entrance pipes, 19 battery compartment heating systems go out
Mouth pipeline, 20 cooling water tank inlet valves, 21 heat-exchanger rigs；22 floating coiled pipes, 23 left pipe box, 24 free ends, 25 right pipe box,
26 tube banks, 27 electric heaters, 271 first electrically heated rods, 272 second electrically heated rods, 28 passenger cabin temperature sensors；
In Fig. 1, d1 indicates the inlet and outlet pipes of heater, and d2 indicates the return water of battery compartment and service on buses or trains cabin heating system, d3 table
Show 3 water pumps 2,5,14.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Herein, if without specified otherwise, it is related to formula, "/" indicates that division, "×", " * " indicate multiplication.
The first purpose of the invention is to provide the systems that a kind of pair of passenger cabin is heated and exchanged heat.
As shown in the picture, the automobile heating heat exchange system used on a kind of automobile heating heat-exchange system, especially electric bus
System, including heater 15, water tank 16, heat-exchanger rig 21 and passenger cabin heating system 1, connect between the heater 15 and water tank 16
Heat-exchanger rig 21 is connect, the passenger cabin heating system 1 passes through piping connection water tank 16, and the fluid in the heat-exchanger rig 21 is adding
It absorbs heat in hot device 15, then transfers heat to the water in water tank 16, the water in the water tank 16 passes through passenger cabin heat supply
1 entrance pipe 18 of system enters passenger cabin heating system 1, then enters water tank 16 by passenger cabin heating system export pipeline.
The present invention heats passenger cabin by setting heating heat-exchange system, ensure that the temperature in passenger cabin.
Preferably, the heater 15 is fuel heater.
Preferably, the fluid in the heat-exchanger rig 21 is the water in water tank 16, the water in water tank 16 passes through heat exchange dress
Set 21 entrance pipes and enter heat-exchanger rig 21, heated in heater 15, then by 21 export pipeline of heat-exchanger rig into
Enter water tank 16.
Preferably, the heat-exchanger rig 21 is one or more spiral heat exchange tubes.
Preferably, as shown in figure 5,21 entrance pipe of the heat-exchanger rig is located at the upper of the export pipeline of heat-exchanger rig 21
Portion, the export pipeline of the passenger cabin heating system 1 than passenger cabin heating system 1 entrance pipe closer to heat-exchanger rig 21
Entrance pipe setting.By so set, the water after exchanging heat by passenger cabin heating system can be made more convenient
Into being heated in heater, so that the fluid of heater heating more has specific aim, the efficiency of heating is improved.
Preferably, the export pipeline of the entrance of the entrance pipe of the passenger cabin heating system close to heat-exchanger rig 1
Outlet setting.By so set, can make by by heater heat after water it is more convenient enter passenger cabin more
In hot systems, the efficiency of heat supply is improved.
Preferably, automatic oil supplying device is arranged in fuel heater 1, the automatic oil supplying device is used to be supplied using pulse
Oil.
Preferably, combustion-supporting blast combustion device and heat-exchanger rig 1 are vertically-mounted.
Preferably, the heater 15 and water tank 16 is located at the lower position of headstock, as shown in Figure 1.
Preferably, radiator is arranged in passenger cabin heating system 1.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of passenger cabins of intelligent control to heat heat-exchange system, referring specifically to Fig. 5.
Preferably, water pump 2, the passenger cabin heat supply system is arranged in 1 entrance pipe 18 of passenger cabin heating system
Temperature sensor 28 is set in system 1, for measuring the temperature in passenger cabin, the water pump 2, temperature sensor 29 and controller 10
Carry out communication connection, opening and closing and power of the controller 10 according to the temperature controlled water of measurement pump 2.
Preferably, controller 10 reduces water pump 2 automatically if the temperature in the passenger cabin of measurement is higher than certain numerical value
Power；If temperature is lower than certain numerical value, controller 10 improves the power of water pump 2 automatically.
Preferably, the power that controller 10 controls water pump 2 is the first function when the temperature of measurement is higher than the first temperature
Rate；When the temperature of measurement is higher than the second temperature higher than the first temperature, the power that controller 10 controls water pump 2 is than the first function
The second small power of rate；When the temperature of measurement is higher than the third temperature higher than second temperature, controller controls the power of water pump
For the third power smaller than the second power；When the temperature of measurement is higher than four temperature higher than third temperature, controller control
The power of water pump is fourth power smaller than third power；When the temperature of measurement is higher than five temperature higher than the 4th temperature,
Controller controls water pump and closes.
Preferably, water pump 2 is automatically closed in controller 10 if the temperature of measurement is higher than upper limit fixed number value；If temperature
Lower than lower numerical limit, controller 10 automatically opens water pump 2.
Preferably, the limit value is 25 degrees Celsius, lower numerical limit is 10 degrees Celsius.
Preferably, the first temperature is less than 2-4 degrees Celsius of second temperature, second temperature is less than 2-4 degrees Celsius of third temperature,
Third temperature is less than the 4th 2-4 degrees Celsius of temperature, and the 4th temperature is less than the 5th 2-4 degrees Celsius of temperature.
Preferably, the 4th frequency is 1.6-1.8 times of third frequency, third frequency is 1.5-1.7 times of second frequency,
Second frequency is 1.3-1.5 times of first frequency.
Preferably, the first temperature, second temperature, third temperature, the 4th temperature, the 5th temperature successively reduction amplitude not
Disconnected reduction.
Further preferably, the first temperature is less than 3.5-4 degrees Celsius of second temperature, and second temperature is less than third temperature 3-3.5
Degree Celsius, third temperature is less than the 4th 2.5-3 degrees Celsius of temperature, and the 4th temperature is less than the 5th 2-2.5 degrees Celsius of temperature.
It, can be with especially by the setting of differential heating power and the temperature difference by the preferred of above-mentioned temperature and power
Heating efficiency is further increased, the time is saved.It is found through experiments that, can be improved the heating efficiency of 18-21% or so, simultaneously
Heating time can be saved, restore as soon as possible and keeps the temperature of passenger cabin constant.
Preferably, the controller 10 is connected with vehicle instrument panel 11, to show data on dashboard 11.
Preferably, valve 3 is arranged on the entrance pipe of passenger cabin heating system, the valve is preferably hand valve.
The system of the heating and heat exchange that are kept the temperature third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pair of battery compartment is specific to join
See Fig. 6.
Preferably, the system further comprises battery compartment heating system 7, the water in the water tank 16 passes through battery compartment
7 entrance pipe of heating system enters battery compartment heating system 7, then enters water by 7 export pipeline 19 of battery compartment heating system
Case 16.
The present invention heats battery compartment by setting heating heat-exchange system, ensure that the temperature in battery compartment, so that
Battery can operate normally, and avoid the failure because of automobile caused by being subcooled.
Preferably, the bypass line in parallel with the export pipeline of battery compartment heating system 7, the side is arranged in the system
Siphunculus road setting cooling water tank 6, the cooling water tank 6 is formed with battery compartment heating system to be recycled.
Cold water is set in the cooling water tank 6, in the situation that battery compartment temperature is excessively high, is recycled by the water of cooling water tank
Cool down into battery compartment, guarantees the normal operation of the battery in battery compartment.
Preferably, valve 20,28 is respectively set on the bypass line and export pipeline connected in parallel.Pass through valve
Door can choose opening and closing cooling water tank pipeline circulation or the water in water tank 16 circulation, with meet battery compartment overheat or
Different heat exchange strategies is taken in the case of supercooling.
Fourth object of the present invention is to provide a kind of heating heat-exchange system of the automobile batteries heat preservation of intelligent control, specifically
Referring to Fig. 6.
Water pump 5 is set as further preferred, described 2 entrance pipe of battery compartment heating system, the battery compartment supplies
Temperature sensor 8 is arranged in hot systems, for measuring the temperature in battery compartment, the water pump 5, temperature sensor 8 and controller 10
Communication connection is carried out, the controller 10 pumps 5 power according to the temperature controlled water of the battery compartment of measurement.
The present invention is by way of intelligent control, it is ensured that and in winter, the battery of electric bus can be operated normally,
The energy is saved.
Preferably, controller 10 reduces the power of water pump automatically if the temperature of battery compartment is higher than upper limit fixed number value；Such as
The temperature of fruit battery compartment is lower than lower numerical limit, and controller 10 improves the power of water pump 5 automatically.
Preferably, the power that controller controls water pump is the first power when the temperature of measurement is higher than the first temperature；When
When the temperature of measurement is higher than the second temperature higher than the first temperature, the power that controller controls water pump is smaller than the first power by the
Two power；When the temperature of measurement is higher than the third temperature higher than second temperature, the power that controller controls water pump is than second
The small third power of power；When the temperature of measurement is higher than four temperature higher than third temperature, controller controls the function of water pump
Rate is fourth power smaller than third power；When the temperature of measurement is higher than five temperature higher than the 4th temperature, controller control
Water pump processed is closed.
Preferably, first temperature is greater than 0.8-1.7 degrees Celsius of second temperature, second temperature is greater than third temperature
0.8-1.7 degrees Celsius, third temperature is greater than the 4th 0.8-1.7 degrees Celsius of temperature, and the 4th temperature is greater than the 5th temperature 0.8-1.7 and takes the photograph
Family name's degree.
Preferably, the 4th frequency is 1.6-1.8 times of third frequency, third frequency is 1.5-1.7 times of second frequency,
Second frequency is 1.3-1.5 times of first frequency.
Preferably, water pump 5 is automatically closed in controller if temperature is higher than limit value；If temperature is lower than lower limit number
Value, controller automatically open water pump.
Preferably, the limit value is 10 degrees Celsius, lower numerical limit is 5 degrees Celsius.
Preferably, then controller 10 controls cooling water tank 6 and battery compartment heat dissipation when the temperature of measurement is more than certain temperature
System 8 is recycled.
Preferably, the valve 20,4 on the bypass line and export pipeline connected in parallel is counted with controller
According to connection, controller selects opening and closing valve according to the temperature of measurement, with meet it is different in the case where take different heat exchange strategies.
If temperature is excessively high, recycled between cooling water tank and battery compartment, if temperature is too low, between water tank 16 and battery compartment
Circulation.
Fifth object of the present invention is to provide a kind of heating heat-exchange systems of the electric car of synthesis, including front
The passenger cabin heat supply heating heat-exchange system and battery thermal heating heat-exchange system being previously mentioned.That is first purpose of front and
The combination of three purposes.Referring specifically to Fig. 7.
Preferably, valve 13 is arranged in the heat-exchanger rig entrance pipe, temperature sensor is set in the water tank
12, communication connection is carried out for measuring the temperature of water in water tank, the valve 13 and temperature sensor 12 and controller 10, it is described
Controller is according to the aperture of the temperature control valve of water in the water tank of measurement.
Preferably, controller reduces the aperture of entrance pipe valve automatically if water temperature is higher than upper limit fixed number value；If
Water temperature is lower than lower numerical limit, and controller improves the aperture of entrance pipe valve automatically.
Preferably, the aperture that controller controls entrance tube valve is first when the temperature of measurement is higher than the first temperature
Aperture；When the temperature of measurement be higher than the second temperature higher than the first temperature when, controller control entrance tube valve aperture be than
The second small aperture of first aperture；When the temperature of measurement is higher than the third temperature higher than second temperature, controller controls entrance
The aperture of tube valve is the third aperture smaller than the second aperture；When the temperature of measurement is higher than fourth temperature higher than third temperature
When, the aperture that controller controls entrance tube valve is fourth aperture smaller than third aperture；When the temperature of measurement is higher than than the 4th
When high five temperature of temperature, the aperture that controller controls entrance tube valve is to close.
Preferably, the first temperature is greater than 4-6 degrees Celsius of second temperature, second temperature is greater than 4-6 degrees Celsius of third temperature,
Third temperature is greater than the 4th 4-6 degrees Celsius of temperature, and the 4th temperature is greater than the 5th 4-6 degrees Celsius of temperature.
Preferably, the 4th aperture is 1.6-1.8 times of third aperture, third aperture is 1.5-1.7 times of the second aperture,
Second aperture is 1.3-1.5 times of the first aperture.
Sixth object of the present invention is to provide a kind of automobiles of electric heater unit intelligent starting to heat heat-exchange system.
Preferably, the electric heater unit 9 is arranged in water tank 16, the water the system comprises electric heater unit 9
16 setting temperature sensor 12 in case, for measuring the temperature of water in water tank 16, the temperature sensor 12, electric heater unit 9
Data connection is carried out with controller 10, when heater 15 works, water temperature control that controller 10 is measured according to temperature sensor 12
The starting of electric heater unit 9 processed and/or the variation of heating power.
By the way that electric heater unit 9 is arranged, can make in the case where heater can not work normally, or be unable to satisfy
In the case where heat exchange demand, auxiliary heating is carried out.
Preferably, when water temperature be lower than lower numerical limit, 9 automatic work of electric heater unit, when water temperature be higher than limit value when,
Electric heater unit 9 stops working.
Preferably, the lower numerical limit is 80 DEG C, the limit value is 95 DEG C.
Preferably, controller 10 improves electric heater unit 10 automatically if detection temperature data is lower than the first numerical value
Heating power, if measurement temperature data be higher than second value, controller 10 stop electric heater unit 10 heating, institute
Second value is stated greater than the first numerical value.
Preferably, when the temperature of measurement is lower than the first temperature, the starting heating of electric heater unit 10, and with the first power
It is heated；When the temperature of measurement is lower than the second temperature lower than the first temperature, electric heater unit 10 is to be higher than the first power
The second power heated；When the temperature of measurement is lower than the third temperature lower than second temperature, electric heater unit 10 is with height
It is heated in the third power of the second power；When the temperature of measurement is lower than four temperature lower than third temperature, electric heating
Device 10 is heated with the 4th power for being higher than third power；When the temperature of measurement is lower than fiveth temperature lower than the 4th temperature
When, electric heater unit 10 is heated with the 5th power for being higher than the 4th power.
Preferably, the first temperature is greater than 4-6 degrees Celsius of second temperature, second temperature is greater than 4-6 degrees Celsius of third temperature,
Third temperature is greater than the 4th 4-6 degrees Celsius of temperature, and the 4th temperature is greater than the 5th 4-6 degrees Celsius of temperature.
Further preferably, the first temperature is greater than 3.8-4.3 degrees Celsius of second temperature, and second temperature is greater than third temperature 3.3-
4.3.8 degree Celsius, third temperature is greater than the 4th 3.3-3.8 degrees Celsius of temperature, and it is Celsius that the 4th temperature is greater than the 5th temperature 2.8-3.3
Degree.
Preferably, the 5th power is 1.1-1.3 times of the 4th power, the 4th power is 1.1-1.3 times of third power,
Third power is 1.1-1.3 times of the second power, and the second power is 1.1-1.3 times of the first power.
Preferably, the 5th power is 1.1-1.15 times of the 4th power, the 4th power is the 1.15-1.2 of third power
Times, third power is 1.2-1.25 times of the second power, and the second power is 1.25-1.3 times of the first power.
It, can be with especially by the setting of differential heating power and the temperature difference by the preferred of above-mentioned temperature and power
Heating efficiency is further increased, the time is saved.It is found through experiments that, can be improved the heating efficiency of 15-20% or so.
Preferably, the temperature sensor 12 be it is multiple, wherein at least one temperature sensor be arranged in water tank go out
The mouth of a river (i.e. water tank connect with heat-exchanger rig entrance pipe position) position, for measuring the temperature of outlet hot water, at least one
The position (i.e. water tank connect with heat-exchanger rig export pipeline position) of the water inlet of water tank is arranged in a temperature sensor, is used to
The water temperature of cold water at entry position is measured, the other positions of water tank are arranged in wherein at least one temperature sensor, for measuring
The temperature data of the temperature of the water of water tank other positions, 10 foundation of controller is the temperature of multiple temperature sensor measurements,
To control the operation of electric heater.
Preferably, the water outlet position of water tank is arranged in the temperature sensor 12, for measuring the temperature of outlet hot water
Degree, the control are controlled by the temperature of the outlet hot water of temperature sensor measurement.
Fig. 8 illustrates the section schematic diagram of electric heater, as shown in figure 8, the electric heater includes being located in water tank
Electric heater unit 10, the electric heater unit 10 include left pipe box 23, right pipe box 25 and floating coiled pipe 22, floating coiled pipe 22 and a left side
Bobbin carriage 23 is connected with right pipe box 25, and heating fluid carries out closing in left pipe box 23 and right pipe box 25 and floating coiled pipe and follows
Ring, the electric heater unit 10 is interior to be arranged electric heater 27, and the electric heater 27 is used to heat the interior stream of electric heater unit 10
Body, then by the fluid of heating come the water in heating water tank.
Preferably, electric heater unit 10 is arranged in left pipe box 23 or right pipe box 25.
Floating coiled pipe 22 is one group or multiple groups, and every group of floating coiled pipe 22 includes more arc-shaped tube banks 26, Duo Genyuan
The center line of the tube bank 26 of arc is the circular arc of concentric circles, the end connection of adjacent tube bank 26, so that the end of coil pipe 22
Form tube bank free end 24, such as the free end 24 in Fig. 6.
Preferably, the heating fluid is conduction oil.
Traditional floating coiled pipe is all to carry out vibration scale removal effect using the impact of the flowing of fluid to carry out augmentation of heat transfer, all
It is to be used for forced-convection heat transfer, and the water flowing in water heater is poor, forced-convection heat transfer flowing can not be carried out, and the present invention is first
It is secondary that floating coiled pipe is applied to water heater, by the way that floating coiled pipe is arranged, volume expansion can be generated after heating fluid is heated, induction is floating
22 free end 24 of Moving plate pipe generates vibration, because the vibration is transferred to water around, disturbance effect is generated to the water of surrounding, to produce
The effect of augmentation of heat transfer is given birth to.
In the present invention, because electric heater 27 is arranged in bobbin carriage 23,25, fluid and electricity can directly be avoided to add
Hot device contact, to avoid getting an electric shock, plays the role of protection.
As with preferred, the left pipe box 23, right pipe box 25 and floating coiled pipe 22 are all circular tube structures.
Preferably, the tube bank of floating coiled pipe 22 is elastic tube bundle.
By the way that elastic tube bundle is arranged in the tube bank of floating coiled pipe 22, the coefficient of heat transfer can be further improved.
Preferably, the concentric circles is using the center of left pipe box 23 as the circle in the center of circle.That is the tube bank 26 of floating coiled pipe 22
Center line around left pipe box 23 is arranged.
As shown in figure 9, tube bank 26 not instead of one complete circle, reserves an oral area, to form the freedom of tube bank
End.Angle where the circular arc of the oral area is 65-85 degree, i.e. the sum of Fig. 7 angle b and c is 65-85 degree.
Preferably, the caliber of the left pipe box 23 is greater than the caliber of right pipe box 25.
By above-mentioned setting, can further augmentation of heat transfer, improve the heat exchange efficiency of 8-15%.
Preferably, the internal diameter of left pipe box is R1, the internal diameter of right pipe box is R2, then 1.5 < R1/R2 < 2.5.
It is preferably provided with by above-mentioned, heat exchange efficiency is enabled to reach best.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent tube bank is increasing as the center apart from left pipe box 23 is remoter.
Preferably, the increasing amplitude of the distance between adjacent tube bank constantly increases.
It is preferably provided with by above-mentioned, can be further improved heat exchange efficiency, increase the uniformity of heating.It is sent out by experiment
It is existing, the heat exchange efficiency of 10-11% can be improved by above-mentioned setting.
Preferably, the diameter of tube bank is increasing as the center apart from left pipe box 23 is remoter.
Preferably, the increasing amplitude of diameter of tube bank constantly increases.
It is preferably provided with by above-mentioned, can be further improved heat exchange efficiency, increase the uniformity of heating.It is sent out by experiment
It is existing, 10% or so heat exchange efficiency can be improved by above-mentioned setting.
Preferably, electric heater 27 is separately positioned in left pipe box 23 and right pipe box 25 as described in Figure 8, i.e., the first electricity adds
Hot device 271 is arranged in left pipe box 23, and the second electric heater 272 is arranged in right pipe box 25.
Preferably, left pipe box 23 is identical with the length of right pipe box 25.
It is greater than the caliber of right pipe box as the caliber of preferred left pipe box.
Preferably, as shown in figure 5, when water heater operation, the heating power of the first electric heater 271 is greater than the
The heating power of two electric heaters 272.It by above-mentioned setting, is found through experiments that, enables to the heating of hot water in water tank more
Add uniformly.
Preferably, the heating power of the first electric heater 271 is 1.3-1.8 times of the power of the second electric heater 272,
Preferably 1.4-1.65 times.
It is found in numerical simulation and corresponding test, left pipe box 23, the size of right pipe box 25 and primary heater
Proportionate relationship between 271 and secondary heater 272 can have an impact heating efficiency and uniformity.If left pipe box 23
It is too many with the size difference of right pipe box 25, and primary heater 271 and 272 heating power of secondary heater difference are smaller, then
Can generate heating efficiency it is low and heating there is non-uniform phenomenon, similarly if left pipe box 23, right pipe box 25 size disparity too
Small and primary heater 271 and 272 heating power of secondary heater difference it is bigger, also will appear heating efficiency it is low and add
There is non-uniform phenomenon in heat.Therefore the present invention summarizes above-mentioned relationship, passes through experiment by a large amount of numerical simulation
It is verified.It has obtained left pipe box 23, the size of right pipe box 25 and primary heater 271 and secondary heater 272 heats
Best relation between power.
Preferably, the internal diameter of left pipe box is first diameter, the internal diameter of right pipe box is second diameter, the electric heating of left pipe box
The power of stick is the first power, and the power of the electrically heated rod of right pipe box is the second power, meets following relationship:
First power/the second power=the first coefficient * (first diameter/second diameter) 2- the second coefficient * (first diameter/the
Two diameters)+third coefficient；
First coefficient, the second coefficient, third coefficient are coefficients, wherein 0.82 < the first coefficient < 0.91,1.95 < second coefficient
< 2.05,2.67 < third coefficient < 2.77；
Wherein 58mm < first diameter < 87mm;
29mm < second diameter < 68mm；
1.2 < first diameter/second diameter < 2.1；It is preferred that 1.5 < the first power/second power < 2.3;
950W < the first power < 1500W；
400W < the second power < 1000W.
Preferably, the first coefficient, third coefficient increases with the increase of first diameter/second diameter, the second coefficient subtracts
It is small.
Preferably, tube bank quantity be 3-5 root, preferably 3 or 4.
Preferably, first coefficient=0.87, the second coefficient=2, third coefficient=2.72.
The distance of 25 center line of left pipe box 23 and right pipe box is 220-270mm；Preferably 240-250mm.
The radius of tube bank is preferably 10-25mm；
Preferably, in the tube bank adjacent thereto of the circular arc where the tube bank center line of left pipe box center line recently
The distance between circular arc where heart line (such as the distance between center of arc's line in Fig. 9 where tube bank A and B) is two root canals
1.1-2.0 times of beam mean outside diameter (outer dia), preferably 1.2-1.7 times, preferably 1.3-1.5 times.
The weighted average of two pipe diameters of average out to of the diameter of two tube banks.
Preferably, end part aligning of the tube bank in the same side, in the same plane, the extended line of end (or end
The plane at place) by the middle line of left pipe box 23, as shown in Figure 10.
Further preferably, the electric heater 27 is electrically heated rod.
Electric heater unit of the present invention, as shown in figure 9, the left pipe box 23 is connected with the end floating coiled pipe A；Right pipe box
25 are connected with the end floating coiled pipe D.
Preferably, as shown in figure 9, the first end that the inside of floating coiled pipe 22 is restrained is connect with the first bobbin carriage 2, second end
It restrains one end with adjacent outside to connect, one end of the outermost tube bank of floating coiled pipe 22 is connect with the second bobbin carriage 8, adjacent pipe
The end of beam is connected to, to form a concatenated structure.
Plane where first end and the angle c of the plane formation where 8 center line of the first bobbin carriage 2 and the second bobbin carriage are
40-50 degree.
Plane where second end and the angle b of the plane formation where 8 center line of the first bobbin carriage 2 and the second bobbin carriage are
25-35 degree.
By the design of above-mentioned preferred angle, so that the vibration of free end reaches most preferably, so that heating efficiency reaches
To optimal.
As shown in figure 9, the tube bank of floating coiled pipe is 4, A, B, C, D connection are restrained.Certainly, four are not limited to, it can be with
It is set as needed multiple, specific connection structure is identical as Fig. 4.
The floating coiled pipe 22 be it is multiple, multiple floating coiled pipes 22 independently connect the first bobbin carriage 2 and the second bobbin carriage 8,
I.e. multiple floating coiled pipes 22 are parallel-connection structure.
The fuel oil preheating of automobile of the invention, especially electric bus, heat-exchange system, light a fire when heater 15 and heat
Afterwards, when water temperature≤80 DEG C, 9 automatic work of electric calorifie installation, when water temperature >=95 DEG C, electric calorifie installation 9 stops working, and water pump 14 will
Water after recirculated water is heated, is passed through circulation waterway 17 by the effect of water pump 14 by the heat-exchanger rig 21 of water suction heater 15
Main body water circulation system, i.e. water tank 16 are drained back to, and passes through the shutdown of 13 control loop water of water valve；
Passenger cabin is recycling the hot water come by heater 15, and hot water is sucked passenger cabin heating system by water pump 2
In radiator, the temperature in member storehouse is improved to room temperature in entire cyclic process, and in member storehouse temperature by controlling
10 intelligent decision of device is judged as winter when temperature≤10 DEG C, and controller controls the unlatching of water pump, sentences when temperature >=25 DEG C
Break as summer, the controller control closing of water pump 2；
Battery compartment is recycling the hot water come by heater 15, and hot water is sucked battery compartment heating system by water pump 5
In radiator, when battery compartment temperature sensor temperature sensor be≤5 DEG C when, controller control water pump 5 work, when temperature >=10
DEG C, controller control water pump 5 stops working；When to battery compartment heat supply, valve 4 is opened, and valve 20 is closed；
When controller 10 is judged as summer, valve 4 is closed, opens valve 20,6 partial circulating of cooling water tank and battery compartment dissipate
Hot systems 7 form side by side, and then the temperature in intelligent control battery storehouse keeps constant temperature.In main body water circulation system 16, battery compartment
Water temperature sensor 12 and storehouse temperature sensor 8 are equipped on cooling system 7 with 10 data connection of controller, controller carries out intelligence and sentences
Break to control the operation of above-mentioned function, real time temperature is all shown on instrument board 11, is enabled a driver to more easily
The temperature change of various pieces is grasped, and corresponding control is made according to the variation of temperature.
Preferably, service on buses or trains storehouse temperature sensor 28 measure temperature also real-time display on instrument board 11.
Preferably, high-pressure hydraulic pump 14 connects inlet and outlet pipes equipped with butterfly fan.
Service on buses or trains storehouse radiator is made of 8 groups of hollow cooling fins.
Battery compartment supplies, cooling system is equally by heater 15 in electric bus driving process, due to being power battery,
Consuming electricity is big, and temperature change is fast, when heater 15 recycles the heat source come by main body water circulation system 16, by controller 10
Heat source is sucked by high-pressure hydraulic pump 5 after intelligent decision temperature, is recycled to the cooling system 7 being made of 4 pieces of hollow cooling fins, separately
One end is equipped with water-flow circuit and is back to main body water circulation system 16.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiments as above, present invention is not limited to this.Any art technology
Personnel can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention is answered without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
When being defined by the scope defined by the claims..
Claims (7)
1. a kind of heating heat-exchange system of automobile, including heater, water tank, heat-exchanger rig, service on buses or trains storehouse heating system and battery compartment
Heating system, which is characterized in that heat-exchanger rig is connected between the heater and water tank, the battery compartment heating system passes through pipe
Road connects water tank, and the fluid in the heat-exchanger rig absorbs heat in the heater, then transfers heat to the water in water tank,
Water in the water tank enters battery compartment heating system by battery compartment heating system entrance pipe, then passes through battery compartment heat supply
System outlet enters water tank；
Service on buses or trains storehouse heating system passes through piping connection water tank, and the water in the water tank passes through service on buses or trains storehouse heating system inlet tube
Road enters service on buses or trains storehouse heating system, then enters water tank by the outlet of service on buses or trains storehouse heating system；
Electric heater unit is set in the water tank, and the electric heater unit includes left pipe box, right pipe box and floating coiled pipe, floating disc
Pipe is connected with left pipe box and right pipe box, forms heating fluid closed circulation, and electrically heated rod is arranged in left pipe box and right pipe box；
Filling heating fluid in left pipe box, right pipe box and floating coiled pipe；Floating coiled pipe is one or more, and each floating coiled pipe includes
More arc-shaped tube banks, the center line of more arc-shaped tube banks are the circular arc of concentric circles, and the end of adjacent tube bank is connected to, from
And the end of tube bank is made to form tube bank free end；The concentric circles is using the center of left pipe box as the circle in the center of circle；
The heater is fuel heater；
Fluid in the heat-exchanger rig is the water in water tank, and the water in water tank enters heat exchange dress by heat-exchanger rig entrance pipe
It sets, is heated in the heater, water tank is then entered by heat-exchanger rig export pipeline.
2. heating heat-exchange system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that valve is arranged in the heat-exchanger rig entrance pipe
Door, the water tank is interior to be arranged temperature sensor, for measuring the temperature of water in water tank, the valve and temperature sensor and control
Device processed carries out communication connection, and the controller is according to the aperture of the temperature control valve of water in the water tank of measurement.
3. heating heat-exchange system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that if water temperature is higher than upper limit fixed number value, controller
The automatic aperture for reducing entrance pipe valve；If water temperature is lower than lower numerical limit, controller improves entrance pipe valve automatically
Aperture.
4. heating heat-exchange system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that when the temperature of measurement is higher than the first temperature, control
The aperture of device control entrance tube valve processed is the first aperture；When the temperature of measurement is higher than the second temperature higher than the first temperature,
The aperture that controller controls entrance tube valve is second aperture smaller than the first aperture；When the temperature of measurement is higher than than second temperature
When high third temperature, the aperture that controller controls entrance tube valve is the third aperture smaller than the second aperture；When the temperature of measurement
When degree is higher than four temperature higher than third temperature, the aperture that controller controls entrance tube valve is the smaller than third aperture the 4th
Aperture；When the temperature of measurement is higher than five temperature higher than the 4th temperature, the aperture that controller controls entrance tube valve is to close
It closes.
5. heating heat-exchange system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the first temperature is greater than 4-6 degrees Celsius of second temperature,
Second temperature is greater than 4-6 degrees Celsius of third temperature, and third temperature is greater than the 4th 4-6 degrees Celsius of temperature, and the 4th temperature is greater than the 5th
4-6 degrees Celsius of temperature.
6. the heating heat-exchange system stated such as claim 4, which is characterized in that the 4th aperture is 1.6-1.8 times of third aperture, the
Three apertures are 1.5-1.7 times of the second aperture, and the second aperture is 1.3-1.5 times of the first aperture.
7. heating heat-exchange system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the internal diameter of left pipe box is first diameter, right pipe box
Internal diameter be second diameter, the power of the electrically heated rod of left pipe box is the first power, and the power of the electrically heated rod of right pipe box is the
Two power meet following relationship:
First power/the second power=the first coefficient * (first diameter/second diameter) 2- the second coefficient * (first diameter/the second
Diameter)+third coefficient；
First coefficient, the second coefficient, third coefficient are coefficients, wherein 0.82 < the first coefficient < 0.91,1.95 < second coefficient <
2.05,2.67 < third coefficient < 2.77；
Wherein 58mm < first diameter < 87mm；
29mm < second diameter < 68mm；
1.2 < first diameter/second diameter < 2.1；
1900W < the first power < 3000W；
800W < the second power < 2000W.
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| CN109764390A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-05-17 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | A kind of control method and control device of energy resource system |
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| CN108715149A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-10-30 | 陕西德仕汽车部件（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of multi-temperature zone constant refrigeration vehicle |
| CN112503982B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-10-15 | 中北大学 | Method for controlling heating of loop heat pipe system according to liquid level |
| CN112556467B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2022-03-04 | 中北大学 | Speed difference loop heat pipe system |
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| CN204572166U (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-08-19 | 上海通用汽车有限公司 | Automobile heat-exchange system and comprise its automobile |
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| CN201405700Y (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2010-02-17 | 曹毅文 | Food conveyor heating system |
| CN101844501B (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2011-11-09 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Waste heat utilizing system of electric automobile |
| CN103017360A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-04-03 | 吉富新能源科技(上海)有限公司 | Pure water solar heat exchanger |
| CN202764655U (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-03-06 | 常州高度新能源科技有限公司 | Hygiene and disease control heating system |
| CN202940310U (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2013-05-15 | 重庆五洲龙新能源汽车有限公司 | Automobile battery thermal insulation apparatus |
| CN105235472B (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2018-01-02 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | A kind of electric automobile heating system, electric automobile and parking heating method |
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| CN109764390A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-05-17 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | A kind of control method and control device of energy resource system |
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Denomination of invention: Automobile heating and heat exchanging system Effective date of registration: 20200507 Granted publication date: 20190514 Pledgee: Chaoyang bank Limited by Share Ltd. Huitong branch Pledgor: CHAOYANG LANGRUI VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2020980002014 |
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Denomination of invention: A heating and heat exchange system for automobiles Effective date of registration: 20230626 Granted publication date: 20190514 Pledgee: Chaoyang bank Limited by Share Ltd. Huitong branch Pledgor: CHAOYANG LANGRUI VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980045382 |