CN106846478B - Water and electricity hydraulic engineering geology three-dimensional outdoor scene editing, recording and map filling system - Google Patents
Water and electricity hydraulic engineering geology three-dimensional outdoor scene editing, recording and map filling system Download PDFInfo
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06T2200/08—Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general involving all processing steps from image acquisition to 3D model generation
Abstract
The invention relates to a system for carrying out computer geological modeling, simulation and analysis according to field survey data of hydropower and hydraulic engineering geology, and discloses a three-dimensional real-scene field recording and map filling system for the hydropower and hydraulic engineering geology, which solves the problem that the rapid analysis of data cannot be realized in the traditional technology. The hydropower and water conservancy project geological three-dimensional live-action field recording and map filling system comprises a hardware system and a software system, wherein the hardware system comprises aerial image acquisition equipment, a graphic workstation, a computer terminal and portable land image acquisition equipment, and the software system comprises a terrain scene construction subsystem, a geological recording data subsystem, a geological drawing data subsystem, a three-dimensional visualization and analysis subsystem and an engineering geological data management and exchange subsystem. The invention provides the functions of quick analysis and quick modeling aiming at the engineering geology field record demand, and provides a digital, intelligent and three-dimensional visual solution for the engineering geology field record operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system for carrying out computer geological modeling, simulation and analysis according to geological field survey data of hydropower and hydraulic engineering, in particular to a geological three-dimensional real-scene field recording and map filling system of the hydropower and hydraulic engineering.
Background
The geological survey of the hydropower and water conservancy project is an important work content of the hydropower and water conservancy project in a feasibility research stage, a design stage and a construction stage, and is an important basis and guarantee for engineering design, construction and operation. However, due to the limited field conditions, the engineering geological survey has a single means, the survey process is inconvenient, the accuracy and the applicability of the logging result depend on the experience and the technical level of geologists, and advanced technical experiences inside and outside many industries are not immediately deployed to the production practice line. The main embodiment is as follows:
(1) the field survey records mostly utilize tables, sketches and photos, the recording means is single, and the editing and recording are complicated;
(2) the actual recording process is mostly based on a two-dimensional plane geological map, and the recording result is also displayed in a two-dimensional map mode and is not intuitive;
(3) the relevance of the editing record and the editing drawing is weak, and the unified management of data is not facilitated;
(4) the recorded data result cannot be immediately displayed, and the obtained data is difficult to correct potential errors through field real-time inspection, so that the field recording operation is not facilitated to be further expanded;
(5) the rear geological modeling analysis work is separated from the front field logging work, and the geological data is not favorably processed in an integrated manner.
With the rise of computer technology, the transformation mode of digitization and informatization is also opened in the field geological exploration of the hydropower engineering. The development of three-dimensional live-action and oblique photography modeling technology, three-dimensional geological modeling technology, computer graphics and digital image technology creates conditions for constructing a digital geological information and three-dimensional geological model system; meanwhile, a computer database technology, a digital image technology, a model information rapid display method and mobile equipment are widely used, and a new idea and a new method are provided for engineering geological record work and three-dimensional geological map filling design in a field environment.
In recent years, many research achievements and engineering applications are available for the three-dimensional visualization of geology and the three-dimensional geological mapping, but most of the research achievements and the engineering applications are oriented to resource exploration industries such as mines, oil reservoirs and the like, and the research applications for engineering geological exploration are rarely available, and the practicability is also insufficient. Meanwhile, the unique background and special requirements of the hydropower engineering geology provide certain requirements for the cataloging of the hydropower engineering geology. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to design and develop a set of hydropower and water conservancy project geological three-dimensional real-scene field recording and map filling device system by considering the overall requirements of geological exploration and combining the advanced technical means inside and outside the industry according to the characteristics of hydropower engineering. East of huyadong[1]The geological logging technology of the underground cavern in the hydroelectric engineering is researched; zhangguobao[2]The system and the method mainly solve the problem of informatization of exploration cave logging data acquisition and realize standardization, paperless and informatization of data acquisition of exploration cave logging; zhang Xialin[3]The drilling histogram compiling and drawing technology based on field data compiling and automatic drawing synthesis is mainly used for completing data inputting and storing; these have some significance for the preservation of geological information, but lack rapid analysis of the data; ren Zhi Jun[4]The utility model discloses a geological record collection system and management and control method based on network and android system, including the module: the system comprises an engineering management module, a project planning module, a data acquisition module, a data analysis module and a background maintenance module, which improve the management of geological data, but have the characteristic of insufficient rapid data analysis; analysis in combination with a model[5]And the rapid calculation of the existing information is the characteristic of field geological operation. Aiming at the characteristic, the device system developed at this time can not only record geological information, but alsoThe method can be used for rapid analysis and auxiliary geological exploration activities.
Reference documents:
[1] geological record method of underground cavern in hydropower engineering [ P ] invention patent ZL201610135833.8, 2016
[2] Zhangguobao, Gonghailing, Lichengxin, etc. an information data acquisition system and method for exploration cave logging [ P ] invention patents ZL201510531920.0, 2015
[3] Zhaolin, Wuchonglong, Lizhulin, etc. drilling histogram compiling method based on field compilation data and automatic drawing synthesis [ P ] invention patents ZL201510375828.X, 2015
[4] Geological record acquisition system based on network and android system and control method [ P ] invention patents ZL201510224786.X, 2015
[5] Three-dimensional unified model construction method [ P ] of geological information of hydropower and hydraulic engineering, such as Stanghua, Liming super, Liujie and the like, invention patents ZL200610013425.1, 2006
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a hydropower and water conservancy project geological three-dimensional live-action field recording and map filling system is provided, and the problem that rapid data analysis cannot be realized in the traditional technology is solved.
The scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the hydropower and water conservancy project geological three-dimensional live-action field recording and map-filling system comprises a hardware system and a software system, wherein the hardware system comprises aerial photography image acquisition equipment, a graphic workstation, a computer terminal and portable land photography image acquisition equipment, and the software system comprises a terrain scene construction subsystem, a geological recording data subsystem, a geological drawing data subsystem, a three-dimensional visualization and analysis subsystem and an engineering geological data management and exchange subsystem;
the topographic scene constructing subsystem acquires image information of a geological region to be recorded through aerial image acquisition equipment, processes and synthesizes a digital three-dimensional topographic scene by using a graphic workstation, and leads the digital three-dimensional topographic scene into a computer terminal to be used as a base map for all subsequent geological map filling work;
the geological logging data subsystem runs in a computer terminal, records and stores geological objects and geological information of all logging types according to a pre-designed geological logging data table, and displays key geometric information and geological attributes on a three-dimensional terrain real scene;
the geological drawing data subsystem runs in a computer terminal, provides a series of drawing tools such as geological points, lines, surface areas and the like in cooperation with portable land photography image acquisition equipment, and draws, records and stores the geological points, geological boundaries and geological areas of the temporary plotting type on the three-dimensional terrain real scene in real time;
the three-dimensional visualization and analysis subsystem runs in a computer terminal and is responsible for rendering of three-dimensional terrain real scenes and displaying, analyzing and processing all recorded geological objects and all drawn geological objects;
the engineering geological data management and exchange subsystem runs in a computer terminal and is responsible for storing all geological objects and all analysis data recorded on the three-dimensional terrain real scene, providing a geometric model data interface for the outside and guiding a geological model generated by analysis into other geological platforms for subsequent operation.
As a further optimization, the terrain scene construction subsystem acquires image information of a geological region to be recorded, and specifically includes: acquiring a DOM (document object model) and a DEM (digital elevation model) of an area to be recorded through land survey or aerial photography, and superposing the DOM and the DEM to synthesize a digital three-dimensional terrain scene;
or acquiring a three-dimensional terrain point cloud model of the area to be recorded through unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography, and reconstructing the grid surface of the three-dimensional terrain point cloud model into a digital three-dimensional terrain scene.
As further optimization, the geological object processed by the geological logging data subsystem is a logging type data set for recording geological attribute information, and a layered data model is adopted as a geological data base structure and is suitable for processing geological data such as drilling, underground exploration, pit exploration, well exploration, groove exploration and the like.
As a further optimization, the hierarchical data model is a hierarchical data indexing structure indexed by depth values for different attributes of geological objects.
As a further optimization, the geological object processed by the geological drawing data subsystem is a drawing type data set for recording geological geometric information, and the geometric information of the drawn geological object takes a three-dimensional terrain real scene as a reference base map and is suitable for processing geological data such as geological points, geological boundaries and geological regions.
As further optimization, the three-dimensional visualization and analysis subsystem optimizes the terrain rendering effect of the three-dimensional terrain real scene by adopting a hierarchical detail technology and provides combined display and browsing functions of the terrain scene and the geological object; the method can also carry out geological analysis on the scene terrain and the geometric form of the geological object, and generate a corresponding analysis model and an analysis result.
As a further optimization, the engineering geological data management and exchange subsystem is a data warehouse of all geological objects in the system, wherein geological attribute information of the catalogue type geological object and geometric model information of the drawing type geological object are stored, and geological analysis results and analysis model information thereof can be stored; the system carries out data exchange and processing with a geological platform outside the system through a geometric data interface.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention fully utilizes information data of the engineering geological record field, fully fuses the three-dimensional terrain real scene and the engineering geological data, provides the functions of quick analysis and quick modeling aiming at the engineering geological field record demand, and provides a digital, intelligent and three-dimensional visual solution for the engineering geological field record operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a frame diagram of a three-dimensional outdoor scene recording and map filling system for hydropower engineering geology;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of the field record map-filling system according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a hydropower and water conservancy project geological three-dimensional live-action field recording and map-filling system, which is an engineering geological field auxiliary system used for marking, drawing, processing and analyzing in a digital three-dimensional scene according to geological recording information obtained by field geological survey.
The scheme of the invention is further described by combining the drawings and the embodiment:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the hydropower and hydraulic engineering geological three-dimensional live-action field map compiling, recording and filling system comprises a hardware system and a software system, wherein the hardware system comprises aerial image acquisition equipment, a graphic workstation, a computer terminal and portable terrestrial image acquisition equipment, and the software system comprises a terrain scene construction subsystem, a geological recording data subsystem, a geological drawing data subsystem, a three-dimensional visualization and analysis subsystem and an engineering geological data management and exchange subsystem.
In the specific implementation, a terrain scene construction subsystem, a geological logging data subsystem, a geological drawing data subsystem and a three-dimensional visualization and analysis subsystem are integrated together through a user interface compiled by WinForm and WPF, and therefore user operation is facilitated.
The terrain scene construction subsystem is a foundation stone of the whole system; the geological logging data subsystem and the geological drawing data subsystem are functional cores, and define core functions of creating, storing, analyzing, managing and the like of two main geological data types in the system; the three-dimensional visualization and analysis subsystem integrates the first three subsystems into an organic whole and provides a series of functions of modeling, analysis, prediction and the like under the support of a strong graphic platform and perfect geological data provided by the first three subsystems. The system bottom layer is supported by an independently developed data management platform as data, and mainly comprises a live-action terrain database, a recording and recording database, a mapping and drawing record database and a model component database. The system particularly develops a general exchange interface of geometric model data for the model component database, and the interface can exchange data of the geometric model components in the database with a subsequent related geological platform in a plain code format, so that a data path from field acquisition of geological data to geological fine modeling and geological structure analysis is realized.
The terrain scene creation is a base stone and a platform for three-dimensional visualization and analysis of the whole system, wherein basic functions of a graphic platform at the bottom of the system and rendering and analysis of three-dimensional real-scene terrain are carried. The terrain scene creation can be divided into a large-scale terrain scene and an editing area local scene. The three-dimensional terrain scene generation system utilizes aerospace devices such as an unmanned aerial vehicle and an aerial photography aircraft to generate a large-scale terrain scene through a graphic workstation by an oblique photography technology, and provides three-dimensional scene support for subsequent field geological recording work. The three-dimensional real-scene technology is utilized to carry out fine processing on the terrain and the map of the geological region to be recorded, so that the three-dimensional map of the local region can restore the real terrain to the maximum extent.
Geological information acquisition is the functional core of the whole system, and the geological information acquisition bears the functions of recording, extracting, fitting and the like of catalogue-type geological data and the functions of recording, positioning, dimension-raising and interpretation and the like of drawing-type geological data. The catalog type data is mainly stored and managed by a hierarchical attribute data model by adopting a structural storage mode. The bottom layer architecture of the data model is realized by a multidimensional hash table, the layer classes and the layer sequence are used as index keys, all attribute information of the record type data is completely and orderly stored, and meanwhile, the information can be searched and extracted within constant time. The drawing type data is stored mainly in a mode of bidirectional association binding of the data records and the geometric models, the corresponding geometric models are stored while the data are recorded, and the geological model reconstruction and analysis work in the later period is greatly facilitated.
After the creation of a terrain scene and the acquisition of geological information are finished, the system adopts a GIS technology and a model recording and positioning technology to couple and display the terrain scene and the geological information, so that the real-time display and the rapid analysis of a field terrain landform and a geological model are realized, real-time guidance is provided for field geological survey, and a draft and a basis are also provided for subsequent refined geological modeling and analysis.
One embodiment of the invention is as follows:
when a certain hydropower and water conservancy project is in a design construction stage, detailed mapping needs to be carried out on the geological conditions of a reservoir area and the surrounding areas thereof so as to accurately evaluate the geological conditions of the project and provide a basis for the design and construction of the project. The three-dimensional live-action field editing and filling system (hereinafter referred to as system) for the geology of the hydropower and water conservancy project is utilized to provide three-dimensional live-action digital editing and filling support for the geological area of the project, and the following equipment is prepared:
(1) aerial image acquisition equipment: xinjiang longitude and latitude M600 Pro (carrying aerial camera);
(2) moving the graphic workstation: dell Precision 3510 (piggybacked terrain scene construction subsystem);
(3) windows tablet computer supporting touch operation: taidian X2 Pro (carrying geological logging data subsystem, geological drawing data subsystem, three-dimensional visualization and analysis subsystem and engineering geological data management and exchange subsystem)
(4) GPS, electronic compass: a Gisble three-dimensional electronic compass;
(5) portable land camera image acquisition equipment: canon EOS 70D set of machine.
With the help of the system, the engineering geology field editing and recording operation is carried out according to the following modes:
1. a large number of aerial images of the reservoir area and the surrounding area are obtained through aerial image acquisition equipment, and position information and exterior orientation element information of the images are automatically recorded through the equipment.
2. And importing the aerial images and the corresponding aerial information into a terrain scene construction subsystem in the graphic workstation, and automatically resolving and generating three-dimensional terrain scenes of the library area and the surrounding area by the subsystem.
3. And transmitting the three-dimensional terrain scene generated by resolving from the graphic workstation to a Windows tablet computer (hereinafter referred to as tablet computer) supporting touch operation, and importing the three-dimensional terrain scene into the system.
4. And connecting a background database, loading corresponding engineering information, and optionally importing the geological data into the system if the geological data exists in the database.
5. And connecting the GPS and the electronic compass to acquire the current real-time position of the field site, and marking the real-time position in the system.
6. Logging geological data: calibrating the spatial position of a geological object to be compiled and recorded on a three-dimensional terrain live view, automatically acquiring the geodetic coordinates of the geological object by a system, and calling out a corresponding geological object compiling and recording interface according to the type of the geological object; and filling information items by the user according to the actual field exploration condition to complete geological information cataloging.
7. Drawing a geological model: according to the actual outdoor exploration condition, aiming at the surface exposure condition of a geological object, a user inputs a geological point in real time in a three-dimensional terrain real scene of the system by means of coordinate positioning, and draws a geological boundary line, a geological area and the like.
8. The system provides a field real-time geological information overview and a geological result comprehensive view for a user according to geological information in the three-dimensional live-action terrain.
9. The system provides a field rapid modeling function and a real-time analysis function for a user according to a geological object in a three-dimensional terrain real scene, and comprises the following steps: the geological image marking rapid interpretation modeling, the geological accumulation body rapid fitting modeling, the multipoint rapid fitting geological element, the multipoint attitude data rapid fitting geological curved surface, the geological block rapid evaluation analysis and the like.
Claims (5)
1. The hydropower and water conservancy project geological three-dimensional live-action field recording and map-filling system comprises a hardware system and a software system, and is characterized in that the hardware system comprises aerial image acquisition equipment, a graphic workstation, a computer terminal and portable land image acquisition equipment, and the software system comprises a terrain scene construction subsystem, a geological recording data subsystem, a geological drawing data subsystem, a three-dimensional visualization and analysis subsystem and an engineering geological data management and exchange subsystem;
the topographic scene constructing subsystem acquires image information of a geological region to be recorded through aerial image acquisition equipment, processes and synthesizes a digital three-dimensional topographic scene by using a graphic workstation, and leads the digital three-dimensional topographic scene into a computer terminal to be used as a base map for all subsequent geological map filling work;
the geological logging data subsystem runs in a computer terminal, records and stores geological objects and geological information of all logging types according to a pre-designed geological logging data table, and displays key geometric information and geological attributes on a three-dimensional terrain real scene; the geological object processed by the geological logging data subsystem is a logging type data set for recording geological attribute information, a layered data model is adopted as a geological data base structure and is suitable for processing drilling, underground exploration, pit exploration, well exploration and groove exploration geological data, and the layered data model is a layered data index structure which takes depth values as indexes according to different attributes of the geological object;
the geological object processed by the geological drawing data subsystem is a drawing type data set for recording geological geometric information, and the geometric information of the drawn geological object takes a three-dimensional terrain real scene as a reference base map and is suitable for processing geological data of a geological point, a geological boundary and a geological region; the storage of the drawing type data adopts a mode of bidirectional association binding of data records and geometric models, and the data are recorded while the corresponding geometric models are stored;
the geological drawing data subsystem runs in a computer terminal, provides a series of geological points, lines and surface area drawing tools in cooperation with portable land photography image acquisition equipment, and draws, records and stores geological points, geological boundaries and geological areas of a temporary plotting type on a three-dimensional terrain real scene in real time;
the three-dimensional visualization and analysis subsystem runs in a computer terminal and is responsible for rendering of three-dimensional terrain real scenes and displaying, analyzing and processing all recorded geological objects and all drawn geological objects;
the engineering geological data management and exchange subsystem runs in a computer terminal and is responsible for storing all geological objects and all analysis data recorded on the three-dimensional terrain real scene, providing a geometric model data interface for the outside and guiding a geological model generated by analysis into other geological platforms for subsequent operation.
2. The hydropower engineering geological three-dimensional live-action field map compiling and filling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the terrain scene construction subsystem acquires image information of a geological region to be compiled, and specifically comprises: and acquiring the DOM and the DEM of the area to be recorded through land survey or aerial photography, and superposing and synthesizing the DOM and the DEM into a digital three-dimensional terrain scene.
3. The hydropower engineering geological three-dimensional live-action field map compiling and filling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the terrain scene construction subsystem acquires image information of a geological region to be compiled, and specifically comprises: and acquiring a three-dimensional terrain point cloud model of the area to be recorded through unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography, and reconstructing the grid surface of the three-dimensional terrain point cloud model into a digital three-dimensional terrain scene.
4. The hydropower engineering geological three-dimensional live-action field recording and map-filling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional visualization and analysis subsystem optimizes the terrain rendering effect of the three-dimensional terrain live-action by adopting a hierarchical detail technology and provides a combined display and browsing function of a terrain scene and a geological object; the method can also carry out geological analysis on the scene terrain and the geometric form of the geological object, and generate a corresponding analysis model and an analysis result.
5. The hydropower engineering geological three-dimensional live-action field logging and map-filling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the engineering geological data management and exchange subsystem is a data warehouse of all geological objects in the system, wherein geological attribute information of logging type geological objects and geometric model information of drawing type geological objects are stored, and geological analysis results and analysis model information thereof can be stored; the system carries out data exchange and processing with a geological platform outside the system through a geometric data interface.
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