CN106846475A - A kind of river historical Appearance digital restoration method - Google Patents
A kind of river historical Appearance digital restoration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106846475A CN106846475A CN201710069538.1A CN201710069538A CN106846475A CN 106846475 A CN106846475 A CN 106846475A CN 201710069538 A CN201710069538 A CN 201710069538A CN 106846475 A CN106846475 A CN 106846475A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/05—Geographic models
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of river historical Appearance digital restoration method, choosing alluvial stream, develop on the basis of complete section on terrace, selection intends recovering the representative cross section of section, columnar deposit sample is carried out to drill through, and deposit physical behavior is layered, record the three dimensional space coordinate of each layer, then the dating of each sedimentary is carried out, the three dimensional space coordinate of identical age sedimentary in different sedimentary columns on same section is finally carried out into line in drawing general, gained fracture morphology is the cross section of river form under the age, the coordinate in each age is contacted successively, the form for completing each history age of whole section is recovered, multiple sections can form whole section historical Appearance after recovering is restored.The present invention intersects geology age e measurement technology with river dynamics section molding principle, is applicable to most of alluvial river historical Appearance and restores, and has important practical value to research river morphology evolutionary process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to river geomorphology field, and in particular to a kind of river historical Appearance digital restoration method.
Background technology
River historical development is the key issue for understanding river morphology dynamic process, is also to grasp river large scale to develop rule
The basis of rule.Different from the Recent Evolution analysis in river, there is more sufficient field data, river historical development is generally a lack of
Reliable data and data.According to《Channel change forest survey specification (SL383-2007)》, for a long time, river history is drilled
The acquisition of change data is main from river historical Textual Research, regional tectonic background investigation, ancient stream channel investigation and the investigation of breach alluvial fan etc.
Aspect is carried out, and wherein river historical Textual Research depends on historical document；Regional tectonic background investigation is then primarily directed to number with hundred
10000 years meter geological epoch, much beyond river Formed age (such as the stable river regime of Yangtze middle reaches Jingjiang from Qin Han with
It is before this Yunmeng pool network of waterways just to gradually form)；Breach alluvial fan can only be have at larger breach can obvious shape
Into；And the traditional means of ancient stream channel investigation are carried out with remote Sensing Interpretation bend traces, for sedimentary sampling survey then always
Fail further investigation.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of river historical Appearance digital restoration method, in section molding principle and deposition
On the basis of the layering of thing age, Optical dating is introduced the acquisition of river historical development data, solve deposit vertical
Lucifuge lamination problem and fracture morphology digital restoration problem in gatherer process.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of river historical Appearance digital restoration method, is primarily based on cross section of river molding principle, will intend the alluviation for recovering
River reach's dividing is multiple sections, and according to certain distribution chooses multiple vertical lines on each section and carry out the vertical drilling of deposit and take
Sample obtains sedimentary column；Fluvial deposit Principle of Process is then based on, the sedimentary column that will be drilled through is divided into multiple sedimentaries, and introduces heavy
Product thing Optical dating, dating is carried out to each sedimentary；Finally by three-dimensional coordinate where the sedimentary in same year generation
It is digitized and graphical treatment (line drawing), you can complete the digital restoration of river Historic Section form；Section one by one
Carry out historical Appearance recovery, the integrated rear historical Appearance digital restoration for being whole section.Have in whole thinking entirety-section-
Integrated, space-age-space process, comprises the following steps that：
(1) in the alluvial tract for needing to carry out river historical development analysis, a river course is taken by every 500 meters to 1000 meters
Section, multiple cross sections are divided into by section along current trend；
(2) it is common according to positions such as stream terrace, alluvial flat, river course major trough, river course thalwegs on the river cross-section for intending recovering
7-15 vertical line of selection, and by GPS positioning device and total powerstation, record the three-dimensional coordinate on each vertical line summit；
(3) two sedimentary columns are vertically drilled through simultaneously in same vertical line, to compare post, another is deposited one of sedimentary column
Post is sample column, and depth is required to until basement rock, deposits column diameter and be generally 10-20cm；
(4) post will be compared first to open, according to deposit physical behavior (such as Sediment Color, grain thickness, pore size
Deng) compare post and be divided into multiple sedimentaries, record the three-dimensional coordinate and relative position on summit in each sedimentary, and general paint general
Each vertical line sedimentary column sedimentary position, thickness on section are drawn on figure software, the stratigraphic section of coordinate is formed with；
(5) according to the relative position for comparing each sedimentary of post, by sample column, each sedimentary is sawed together with sampling pipe
Open, each sedimentary sample is sealed with tube sealing plug, OSL dating is carried out to laboratory after numbering；
(6) the sedimentary column each sedimentary age obtained at same section difference vertical line is determined after finishing, is cutd open on stratum
The sedimentary summit in same year generation is connected on the figure of face, the cross section of river under the hatching line for being formed as age successively will be each
The coordinate in age is contacted, that is, the form for completing each history age of whole section is restored；
(7) historical Appearance that can form whole section after multiple sections are restored is restored, by same year for lower each vertical line
Sedimentary summit three-dimensional coordinate carries out line drawing in mapping software, then can history of forming section DEM, be available for river course history
The hologram display of evolutionary process.
The river historical Appearance digital restoration method that the present invention is provided, supplements《Channel change forest survey specification
(SL383-2007)》In ins and outs in terms of stream terrace and ancient stream channel investigation, it is possible to resolve river historical development data
The problem of acquisition, has directly help to river historical development analysis, and is conducive to exploring river history runoff and sediment bypassing change
Law.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is river Historic Section form recovery schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that Lancang River Nangqian section samples section layout drawing；
Fig. 3 is 1# section historical Appearance restored maps, and reference elevation is 3512m, 85 Huanghai Sea elevations in figure.
Specific embodiment
Present invention foundation cross section of river molding principle (referring to《River model test code (SL99-2012)》, by river point
Into multiple sections, 7-15 vertical line of setting carries out the vertical sampling of deposit on each section, by determining each sediment sample
Age, judge the historical Appearance in river.In addition to cross section of river molding principle, the invention further relates to theory have：
(1) alluvial stream deposit lamination, alluvial stream is often during upstream silt constantly is carried
A part of silt can be deposited in riverbed, and various years different hydraulics are by the deposit for bringing physical behavior different
Layer, its apparent difference can show granular size, the porosity even aspect such as color, and each sedimentary is exactly special hydrology thing
The age record of part；
(2) Optical dating：Optical dating is a kind of to be set up based on the cumulative effect of natural radiation
Dating methods, its measurement is clastic quitz or feldspar have carried since seeing light from last time in deposit buried time, its
Advantage is to be more easy to back to zero with traditional thermoluminescence ratioing signal, survey that to survey year in year, 14C longer compared to survey year scope with tree wheel, and is surveyed
Year material or age can survey mark and be easier to obtain, sample is required nothing more than in sampling process must lucifuge, other restriction ratios compared with
Simply.Before this, radioactive carbon (14C) surveys the common method that year is deposit survey year within 300-50000, with luminescence dating phase
Than it has the disadvantage that more difficult acquisition is suitably surveyed year material (carbon dust, plant residue, peat etc.), and it is former to there may be organic matter
The problems such as ground property.Therefore, along with archaeology and morphological development, OSL dating becomes Ages of Sediments measure aspect
Most widely used means.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of river historical Appearance digital restoration method, comprises the following steps：
(1) in the alluvial tract for needing to carry out river historical development analysis, the present embodiment is by taking the section of Lancang River Nangqian as an example
Illustrate, by a river cross-section is taken every 500 meters or so, section is divided into 8 cross sections along current trend；
(2) because section is narrower, according to stream terrace, alluvial flat, river course major trough, river course on the river cross-section for intending recovering
The positions such as thalweg select 7 vertical lines altogether, and by GPS positioning device and total powerstation, record the three-dimensional coordinate on each vertical line summit；
(3) two sedimentary columns are vertically drilled through simultaneously in same vertical line, to compare post, another is deposited one of sedimentary column
Post is sample column, and depth is required to until basement rock, a diameter of 10cm of sedimentary column；
(4) post will be compared first to open, according to deposit physical behavior (such as Sediment Color, grain thickness, pore size
Deng) compare post and be divided into multiple sedimentaries, record the three-dimensional coordinate and relative position on summit in each sedimentary, and general paint general
Each vertical line sedimentary column sedimentary position, thickness on section are drawn on figure software, the stratigraphic section of coordinate is formed with；
(5) according to the relative position for comparing each sedimentary of post, by sample column, each sedimentary is sawed together with sampling pipe
Open, each sedimentary sample is sealed with tube sealing plug, OSL dating is carried out to laboratory after numbering；
(6) the sedimentary column each sedimentary age obtained at same section difference vertical line is determined after finishing, is cutd open on stratum
The sedimentary summit in same year generation is connected on the figure of face, the cross section of river under the hatching line for being formed as age successively will be each
The coordinate in age is contacted, that is, the form for completing each history age of whole section is restored, as shown in Figure 1.
(7) historical Appearance that can form whole section after multiple sections are recovered is restored, by same year for lower each vertical line
Sedimentary summit three-dimensional coordinate carries out line drawing in mapping software, then can history of forming section DEM, be available for river course history
The hologram display of evolutionary process.
Checking：
The development of Lancang River Nangqian section is typical alluvial stream, and river course is wide shallow, and for the mouth of a gorge is choked water under it, therefore its ground
Based on depositing, 500m laying measuring sections are spaced in the alluvial tract carries out deposit drilling survey year, specific river to looks process
Road position and section arrangement are shown in Fig. 2, and section end points is shown in Table 1 (coordinate system is WGS84 coordinate systems).
By drilling through Lancang River Nangqian section deposit, release light technology with existing light carries out sedimentary to wherein No. 1 section
Survey year, recovery has drawn 5 cross section of river forms in Typical Year generation of the Recent Epoch, as shown in figure 3, respectively 270aBP, 960aBP,
1500aBP, 5kaBP, 7kaBP, can be generally corresponding to warm period modern times Recent Epoch, Little Ice Age, the warm period in Middle Ages, dry and cold boundary, big warm
The climate change such as period of great prosperity phase node.This is consistent with fluvial sedimentology principle, i.e., the concentration of each river deposit goes out
Now all represent once or the typical Hydrological Events in period, due to the Recent Epoch since warm period and the ice age earth every time earth's surface
Runoff and sediment bypassing situation are widely different, therefore can pile up corresponding river deposit in typical climatic year generation.Simultaneously
It can be seen that：This section landforms age belongs to accumulation type process, and from top to bottom, the age increases deposit successively, under this is with section
Swim for valley section is relevant, due to the backwater action in valley so that this section deposit is constantly piled up.Therefore, this figure reflects
Geomorphological process is consistent with macrostructure situation and climate change, can carry out river history shape as using the method
The evidence of state accurate recovery.
The Lancang River Nangqian section measuring section control point coordinates of table 1
Claims (2)
1. a kind of river historical Appearance digital restoration method, it is characterised in that：Cross section of river molding principle is primarily based on, will be intended extensive
Multiple alluvial tract is divided into multiple sections, and according to certain distribution chooses multiple vertical lines on each section and carry out deposit and hang down
Sedimentary column is obtained to drill hole sampling；Fluvial deposit Principle of Process is then based on, the sedimentary column that will be drilled through is divided into multiple sedimentaries,
And deposit Optical dating is introduced, dating is carried out to each sedimentary；Finally by where the sedimentary in same year generation
Three-dimensional coordinate carries out line drawing, you can complete the digital restoration of river Historic Section form；Section carries out historical Appearance one by one
Restore, the integrated rear historical Appearance digital restoration for being whole section.
2. historical Appearance digital restoration method in river as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that:
(1) in the alluvial tract for needing to carry out river historical development analysis, break by a river course is taken every 500 meters to 1000 meters
Face, multiple cross sections are divided into by section along current trend；
(2) 7- is selected altogether according to stream terrace, alluvial flat, river course major trough, river course thalweg position on the river cross-section for intending recovering
15 vertical lines, and by GPS positioning device and total powerstation, record the three-dimensional coordinate on each vertical line summit；
(3) two sedimentary columns are vertically drilled through simultaneously in same vertical line, to compare post, another sedimentary column is one of sedimentary column
Sample column, depth is required to until basement rock, a diameter of 10-20cm of sedimentary column；
(4) post will be compared first to open, comparing post according to deposit physical behavior is divided into multiple sedimentaries, records in each sedimentary
The three-dimensional coordinate and relative position on summit, and each vertical line sedimentary column sedimentary position on section is drawn in general drawing general
Put, thickness, be formed with the stratigraphic section of coordinate；
(5) according to the relative position for comparing each sedimentary of post, by sample column, each sedimentary cuts together with sampling pipe, uses
Tube sealing plug seals each sedimentary sample, and OSL dating is carried out to laboratory after numbering；
(6) the sedimentary column each sedimentary age obtained at same section difference vertical line is determined after finishing, in stratigraphic section
On the sedimentary summit in same year generation is connected, the cross section of river under the hatching line for being formed as age, successively by each age
Coordinate carry out line drawing, that is, complete each history age of whole section form restore；
(7) historical Appearance that can form whole section after multiple sections are recovered is restored, and same year is deposited for lower each vertical line
Layer summit three-dimensional coordinate carries out line drawing in mapping software, then can history of forming section DEM, be available for river course Historical Evolution
The hologram display of process.
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| PCT/CN2018/072537 WO2018145557A1 (en) | 2017-02-08 | 2018-01-15 | Method for digital restoration of historic morphology of river |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN107451343A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-12-08 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of restored method in period of Ming and Qing China seat of local government city |
| CN107705360A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-16 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of mountain landscape section rapid generation |
| WO2018145557A1 (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2018-08-16 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Method for digital restoration of historic morphology of river |
| CN109975872A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-05 | 河南理工大学 | A method of utilizing Croel DRAW software direct organization balanced cross section |
| CN110084886A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-08-02 | 中南大学 | A kind of geological space restored method for taking the constraint of geology volume morphing-occurrence-toughness into account |
| CN110440754A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-12 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Measured geological section method based on space coordinate |
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| CN112711069B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2024-03-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Sand point dam prediction method based on plain area curved stream river channel evolution |
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| WO2018145557A1 (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2018-08-16 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Method for digital restoration of historic morphology of river |
| CN107451343A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-12-08 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of restored method in period of Ming and Qing China seat of local government city |
| CN107705360A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-16 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of mountain landscape section rapid generation |
| CN107705360B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2020-10-16 | 南京林业大学 | Method for quickly generating section of mountain landscape |
| CN110084886A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-08-02 | 中南大学 | A kind of geological space restored method for taking the constraint of geology volume morphing-occurrence-toughness into account |
| CN110084886B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2022-05-06 | 中南大学 | Geological space restoration method considering geological body morphology-occurrence-toughness constraints |
| CN109975872A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-05 | 河南理工大学 | A method of utilizing Croel DRAW software direct organization balanced cross section |
| CN110440754A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-12 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Measured geological section method based on space coordinate |
| CN110440754B (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-08-20 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Actual measurement geological profile method based on space coordinates |
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| CN106846475B (en) | 2018-03-23 |
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