CN106840997B - The estimation device and method of big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow - Google Patents
The estimation device and method of big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of estimation device and method of big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow, device includes catch basin and pedestal, and wherein through-hole is arranged in the bottom plate of catch basin, and drain hole is arranged in side；The baffle and position-limit mechanism for baffle through-hole are provided on the bottom plate；The pedestal is provided with upper plate, lower plate and height adjustment device.Method includes: the molding board-like test specimen of mixture identical with practical big gap bituminous pavement gradation and asphalt content in laboratory, and two faces for choosing test specimen respectively are sealed as draining face and permeable face, and by its lap；Drain hole height is selected, the gradient for adjusting upper plate is consistent with practical road surface horizontal slope；Test specimen is measured under each width in the horizontal infiltration water volume of set period of time；Estimate the horizontal infiltration flow of the practical big gap bituminous pavement of every linear meter(lin.m.).The present invention can simply, quickly estimate the horizontal infiltration flow of big gap bituminous pavement, at the same can effectively simulated precipitation intensity and road surface horizontal slope, improve estimation effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of estimation device and methods of big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow, belong to bituminous pavement
The technical field of drain calculation.
Background technique
When rainfall is larger, there are problems on most of tradition close-graded road surface, such as: surface gathered water, tire with
Water membrane is formed between road surface, coefficient of friction reduces, and vehicle easily skids；In vehicle travel process, surface gathered water not only can
Water mist is formed, pilot's line of vision is influenced, causes the reduction of traffic safety performance.Compared with traditional close-graded road surface, big gap pitch
Road surface has the performances such as superior antiskid, water-mist-proof, Anti-splashing sanitary, anti-dazzle and noise reduction.In big gap asphalt pavement structure design
In, perfect pumping equipment is set and is had a very important role to the service performance and service life that guarantee bituminous pavement,
When pumping equipment designs, the horizontal infiltration flow on practical road surface is estimated, can choose suitable pumping equipment, reaches unobstructed row
The effect of water.
But around the evaluation method of big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow, there is many problems, main tables at present
It is existing are as follows:
(1) in big gap asphalt pavement structure design, it is anti-that one layer of waterproof is also done in middle surface layer top layer under normal circumstances
Parting, road surface water penetrate into middle surface layer top surface by surface layer, due to crown slope, can be discharged from inside by rainwater rapidly, edge
Drainage system should have preferable drainage performance.Existing " bituminous pavement design for highway specification " (JTG D50-2006) requires road
Face drainage system is made of water penetration filler collecting gutter, longitudinal drainage pipe, lateral outlet pipe and filtration fabrics (geotextiles), is preferably tied
Local experience is closed to be designed, and there is no clearly stipulate that if can be to the horizontal infiltration flow of big gap bituminous pavement
When pumping equipment designs, the horizontal infiltration flow of big gap bituminous pavement is estimated, can not only achieve the effect that unobstructed draining, and
And material cost can be reduced.
(2) the measurement infiltrative mode in road surface is divided into two major classes in the past, and one kind is that permeameter is placed directly on road surface is enterprising
Row in-site measurement, another kind of is that road surface drill hole sampling either makes marshal piece, and test specimen is then put into Laboratory Instruments
Upper test.These methods can only measure vertical infiltration water, cannot measure big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration water, and the second class
The Laboratory Instruments of method is unable to simulated precipitation intensity and road surface horizontal slope.
In conclusion big gap bituminous pavement has some good performances, set carrying out big gap bituminous pavement draining
Timing is arranged, the horizontal infiltration flow of big gap bituminous pavement is estimated, those skilled in the art can be made preferably to carry out road surface
Pumping equipment design, but that there is presently no a kind of quick, simple methods is big empty under specific grade, specific precipitation to estimate
Gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of big gap bituminous pavement
The estimation device and method of horizontal infiltration flow, vertical infiltration water can only be measured by solving existing method, and cannot be simulated simultaneously
Precipitation intensity and road surface horizontal slope, the problem of can not quickly, simply estimating big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow.
The present invention specifically uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem:
The present invention proposes a kind of estimation device of big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow, including catch basin and pedestal,
Wherein several through-holes are arranged in the bottom plate of catch basin, and the side of catch basin is provided with several sluicing positioned at different height
Hole；The pedestal is provided with upper plate and lower plate, and the height adjustment device for adjusting upper plate is provided on lower plate；
The surrounding of the upper plate is provided with enclosing and partition is fixedly installed on enclosing, and enclosing is divided into first surface and arranged by the partition
Water collection portion and the second horizontal infiltration water collection portion；Divide in the one surface drainage collection portion and the second horizontal infiltration water collection portion
It She Zhi not drain valve；The surface setting of the upper plate is for removing draining face and permeable face for upper plate surface and test specimen thereon
The impermeability material layer of outer its lap sealing；The baffle for baffle through-hole and limit are provided on the bottom plate of the sink
Mechanism, one end of the baffle is hinged through the hinge to the bottom surface of bottom plate, and the other end of baffle is limited by position-limit mechanism
Position.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the position-limit mechanism includes threaded rod and rotary sleeve
The nut being placed on threaded rod.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: being arranged on the upper plate for fixing catch basin
Card slot.
The present invention also proposes a kind of estimation side of estimation device based on the big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow
Method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, molding and practical gap bituminous pavement gradation greatly and asphalt content is identical mixes flitch in laboratory
Formula test specimen, two faces for choosing the board-like test specimen of mixture respectively are sealed as draining face and permeable face, and by its lap；Selection institute
The gradient for needing the drain hole of height, and adjusting upper plate keeps it consistent with practical road surface horizontal slope；
Step 2 obtains test specimen of different size to test specimen truncation, and is gradually placed in test specimen of different size
On bottom plate；Desired height is filled into catch basin, make water in catch basin through drain hole when bottom plate overhead gage is opened and
Through-hole releases respectively, and obtains the horizontal infiltration water volume of the test specimen in the set time period of test specimen under each width；
Step 3 is calculated and is tried under each width in the horizontal infiltration water volume of set period of time according to test specimen under each width of gained
The horizontal infiltration flow of part, and estimate the horizontal infiltration flow of the practical big gap bituminous pavement of every linear meter(lin.m.).
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the step 2 further includes to the board-like test specimen of mixture
Gap between upper plate and enclosing is sealed.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the practical big gap asphalt road of the every linear meter(lin.m.) of step 3
The horizontal infiltration flow in face is estimated using formula:
It is described,AndAnd
In above formula, LnThe value after 0.01m is subtracted for the n width of test specimen；QnTo be the transverse direction measured under n kind width
Seepage discharge；VnIt is L for widthnHorizontal infiltration water volume of the board-like test specimen in T time；K is by knDetermining coefficient, and n
For 1 or more natural number.
The present invention by adopting the above technical scheme, can have the following technical effects:
The estimation device and method of big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow provided by the invention, can pass through height adjustment
Device adjusts the gradient simulated roadway horizontal slope of upper plate, by adjusting discharge opening altitude simulation rainfall intensity, by board-like examination
Part is truncated, and the test specimen of different in width is obtained, mixed according to the big gap pitch of different in width under specific grade, specific precipitation
The horizontal infiltration flow for closing material test specimen, extrapolates the horizontal infiltration flow of big gap bituminous pavement, to the infiltration of research bituminous pavement
The design of aqueous and water discharger for road is significant.
The present invention can simply, quickly estimate the horizontal infiltration flow of big gap bituminous pavement, and simultaneously can
Enough effective simulated precipitation intensity and road surface horizontal slope improve estimation effect to select suitable pumping equipment and reach unobstructed draining
Effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the estimation device of the big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of pedestal upper and lower bottom plate in the device of the invention.
Wherein Symbol explanation: 1- catch basin, 2- drain hole, the first drain valve of 3-, the second drain valve of 4-, 5- enclosing, 6- card
Slot, 7- through-hole, 8- lower plate, 9- upper plate, 10- test specimen.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention devises a kind of estimation device of big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow, the device
Including catch basin 1 and pedestal 5, wherein several through-holes 7 are arranged in the bottom plate of catch basin 1, and 1 base areas of catch basin is
300mm × 50mm, water by through-hole to flow down, simulated rainfall, the side of catch basin be provided with positioned at different height several
Drain hole 2, drain hole 2 described in the present embodiment be 5, the drain hole 2 away from bottom plate distance be respectively 9cm, 14cm, 19cm,
24cm and 29cm, corresponding rainfall intensity is respectively 12.5ml/sm to the height of 5 drain holes 2 from low to high2、15.7ml/
s·m2、21.2ml/s·m2、24.7ml/s·m2And 27.1ml/sm2, head difference is adjusted by different drain holes 2, is obtained
Different rainfall intensities need to be closed by the drain hole of 9cm if necessary to the head difference of 14cm.
The pedestal 5 is provided with upper plate 9 and lower plate 8, as shown in figure 3, on lower plate 8 be provided with for adjust
The height adjustment device of bottom plate；The surrounding of the upper plate is provided with enclosing and partition is fixedly installed on enclosing, the partition
Enclosing is divided into first surface drainage collection portion and the second horizontal infiltration water collection portion；One surface drainage collection portion setting the
Second drain valve 4 is set in one drain valve 3 and the second horizontal infiltration water collection portion；The surface setting of the upper plate is used for will
The impermeability material layer of its lap sealing of the upper plate surface with test specimen 10 thereon in addition to draining face and permeable face；The water
The baffle and position-limit mechanism for baffle through-hole are provided on the bottom plate of slot, one end of the baffle is hinged through the hinge to bottom plate
Bottom surface, and the other end of baffle is limited by position-limit mechanism.And it is arranged on the upper plate for fixing catch basin
Card slot 6.The catch basin can be inserted into card slot and fix, and fall on the water in catch basin on test specimen.
When injecting water in catch basin 1, baffle is used for 7 baffle of through-hole, and the limit of baffle is realized by position-limit mechanism,
It is set to be tightly attached to backplate surface, to prevent through-hole from leaking out water；And water is injected in catch basin 1 when reaching desired height, limit
Mechanism is unclamped, and baffle is removed from through-hole, water via through holes 7 and drain hole 2 are flowed to respectively on the test specimen 10 of upper plate, then by receiving
Collecting action is realized respectively in collection portion.
Further, the position-limit mechanism includes threaded rod and the nut that rotation is placed on threaded rod.By nut in spiral shell
Rotatably interaction up and down, realizes the fixation or release to baffle on rasp bar.Upper plate 9 described in described device and lower plate 8 lean on
One end of nearly partition is articulated connection.The height adjustment device for adjusting upper plate is provided on lower plate, the present embodiment is given
Height adjustment device out is the distance between two layers adjustable by rotary screw and nut, changes the gradient on upper layer.
On this basis, the present invention also proposes a kind of evaluation method of big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow, the party
Method can be used for above-mentioned apparatus progress horizontal infiltration flow and be calculated, but be not limited to the device of this kind of structure；This method process is shown
It is intended to as shown in Fig. 2, detailed process is as follows:
Step 1, molding and practical gap bituminous pavement gradation greatly and asphalt content is identical mixes flitch in laboratory
Formula test specimen, two faces for choosing the board-like test specimen 10 of mixture respectively are sealed as draining face and permeable face, and by its lap；It will dress
Placement location is steady, and the gradient for selecting the drain hole of desired height, and adjusting upper plate keeps it consistent with practical road surface horizontal slope.
Step 2 obtains test specimen of different size to the test specimen 10 truncation, and is gradually placed in test specimen of different size
On upper plate 9；It is filled to desired height into catch basin 1, makes the water in catch basin through sluicing when bottom plate overhead gage is opened
Hole 2 and through-hole 7 release respectively, and obtain under each width test specimen in the horizontal infiltration water volume of set period of time.
By taking the test specimen of 4 kinds of width as an example, detection obtains test specimen under each width and seeps in the transverse direction of set period of time the present embodiment
Permeable volume, but the present invention is not limited to the test specimen of 4 kinds of width, the test specimen of other quantity and width is equally applicable to of the invention
In method.The process specifically:
Test specimen is placed on upper plate, the test specimen is identical as divider height close to partition one end height, and permeable face is corresponding
Partition side further includes the gap between sealed test piece and enclosing, catch basin is put into card slot, above the bottom plate of catch basin
One piece of partition is placed, the leak in the injecting process of the through-hole of bottom plate is prevented, is filled the water into catch basin, after specified altitude assignment to be achieved,
It detaches partition and starts timing, start to test horizontal infiltration water volume in test specimen 1min after 5min.
Test specimen is successively truncated 3 times using cutting instruments, obtains the test specimen of different in width, cleans test specimen after truncation every time
New section, and step 2 is repeated, finally measuring width is LnBoard-like test specimen 1min in horizontal infiltration water volume Vn, wherein n=1,
2,3,4.
Above the preferably described intercept certain applications impermeability material connection asphalt draining face of the process and partition,
And be sealed, prevent surface water from entering bottom plate.And every time after truncation, original test specimen part far from permeable face is taken, will newly be cut
Face continues infiltration experiment as new permeable face, and the position being truncated every time is at the 5cm of permeable face side.
Step 3, according to the horizontal infiltration flow of test specimen under calculated each width, it is practical big empty to estimate the every linear meter(lin.m.) of the gradation
The horizontal infiltration flow of gap bituminous pavement.
That is: according toAs T=60s, can determineLateral infiltration of the calculation testing piece under 4 kinds of width
Saturating flow, obtainsByIt can determineRoot
According to formulaThe horizontal infiltration flow for estimating the practical big gap bituminous pavement of every linear meter(lin.m.) calculates that process is as follows:
As shown in figure 3, according to hydrodynamics formula:
Q=Sv (3)
In formula: H be side upper surface and other side lower surface of the test specimen when being placed on upper plate in Fig. 3 it is vertical away from
From；Because when being sealed between board-like test specimen and catch basin, should reserve the space of 1cm, L is that specimen width subtracts
Value after 0.01m；T is time of penetration；V is flow velocity；Q is horizontal infiltration flow, is obtained:
Then:
2lnQm-2lnQn=lnLm-lnLn (9)
That is:
By formula (11) it is found that optimum k value should makeIt is minimized, in formula: because
When being sealed between board-like test specimen and catch basin, the space of 1cm should be reserved, so Ln(n=1,2,3,4) is 4 kinds of test specimen
Width subtracts the value after 0.01m, Qn(n=1,2,3,4) is the horizontal infiltration flow measured under 4 kinds of width.It enables:
Then:
So having:
It finally obtains:
In the present embodiment, because the length of the board-like test specimen of mixture is 30cm, the big gap pitch of the every linear meter(lin.m.) of this gradation
The horizontal infiltration flow on road surface are as follows:
Preferably, in the step 1, the sample dimensions be 300mm × 300mm × 50mm, the test specimen by 300mm ×
Two faces 300mm and 300mm × 50mm are respectively as draining face and permeable face.
Therefore, this method is according to the Asphalt mix for open-graded friction course test specimen of different in width under specific grade, specific precipitation
Horizontal infiltration flow can quickly extrapolate the horizontal infiltration flow of big gap bituminous pavement.
The horizontal infiltration flow of big gap bituminous pavement can be read to extrapolate fastly in order to verify apparatus and method of the present invention,
Spy enumerates a verifying example and is illustrated.
Verify example: estimation is located at the OGFC-13 bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow of Nanjing City, includes the following steps:
1. the molding of track plate
By mineral aggregate gradation shown in table 1, using 5.0% petroleum ratio, compact dimensions are 300mm × 300mm × 50mm, sky
The board-like test specimen of Asphalt mix for open-graded friction course that gap rate is 23%.Wherein, gather materials for basalt, using No.1 material 4188.8g, No. two
Expect 4502.96g, No. three material 418.88g, No. four material 1047.2g；Filler is limestone mineral powder, dosage 314.16g；Pitch is
High-viscosity modified asphalt, dosage 528g.
1 OGFC-13 gradation of table
| Sieve pore (mm) | 16 | 13.2 | 9.5 | 4.75 | 2.36 | 1.18 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.15 | 0.075 |
| Percent of pass (%) | 100 | 92.0 | 66.4 | 28.1 | 16.7 | 13.1 | 10.3 | 7.4 | 6.3 | 4.9 |
2. the selection of drain hole height and the gradient
According to Nanjing Rain Intensity Formula BasedChoose suitable drain hole height, in formula:
Q is rainfall intensity (L/shm2)；T is rainfall duration (min)；P is return period (year).
In Nanjing repetition period of rainfall was met by 2 years one, P=2；The time of the duration of rainfall takes t=60min, and list is calculated by formula
The flow of plane product is q=137.4L/shm2, i.e. rainfall intensity is 13.74ml/sm2.The water creep appearance used is tested, each
The height of drain hole be it is fixed, can choose with the drain hole height of practical rainfall intensity relatively, finally choose catch basin
The middle drain hole apart from bottom 14cm, corresponding rainfall intensity are 15.7ml/sm2, take respectively road surface horizontal slope be 1%,
1.5%, 2%.
3. the estimation of different in width OGFC-13 bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow
When choosing the drain hole in catch basin apart from bottom 14cm, when road surface horizontal slope is respectively 1%, 1.5%, 2%, test
Data are as shown in table 2,3,4.
The horizontal infiltration flow of different in width OGFC-13 asphalt when 2 horizontal slope of table is 1%
| Width L (cm) | 30 | 25 | 20 | 15 |
| Seepage discharge Q (ml/s) | 49.62 | 46.93 | 40.25 | 36.87 |
The horizontal infiltration flow of different in width OGFC-13 asphalt when 3 horizontal slope of table is 1.5%
| Width L (cm) | 30 | 25 | 20 | 15 |
| Seepage discharge Q (ml/s) | 49.49 | 46.53 | 36.53 | 31.53 |
The horizontal infiltration flow of different in width OGFC-13 asphalt when 4 horizontal slope of table is 2%
| Width L (cm) | 30 | 25 | 20 | 15 |
| Seepage discharge Q (ml/s) | 50.11 | 46.20 | 32.01 | 31.65 |
(1) when rainfall intensity is 15.7ml/sm2, when road surface horizontal slope is 1%, the big gap drip of estimation this gradation of 14m wide
The green every linear meter(lin.m.) horizontal infiltration flow in road surface:
WhenZ takes minimum
Value, then
So as L=14m, the every linear meter(lin.m.) horizontal infiltration flow of big gap bituminous pavement of this gradation is
(2) when rainfall intensity is 15.7ml/sm2, when road surface horizontal slope is 1.5%, estimate the big sky of this gradation of 10.5m wide
The every linear meter(lin.m.) horizontal infiltration flow of gap bituminous pavement:
WhenZ takes minimum
Value, then
So as L=10.5m, the every linear meter(lin.m.) horizontal infiltration flow of big gap bituminous pavement of this gradation are as follows:
(3) when rainfall intensity is 15.7ml/sm2, when road surface horizontal slope is 2%, the big gap drip of estimation this gradation of 7m wide
The green every linear meter(lin.m.) horizontal infiltration flow in road surface:
WhenZ takes minimum
Value, then
So as L=7m, the every linear meter(lin.m.) horizontal infiltration flow of big gap bituminous pavement of this gradation is
Accordingly, by means of the invention it is also possible to obtain the big gap bituminous pavement of other specific rainfalls, specific grade
Horizontal infiltration flow achieve the effect that unobstructed draining to select suitable pumping equipment.
Embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned implementations
Mode within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art can also be without departing from the purpose of the present invention
It makes a variety of changes.
Claims (2)
1. the evaluation method of big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow, which is characterized in that the device that method uses includes water storage
Slot and pedestal, wherein several through-holes are arranged in the bottom plate of catch basin, and if the side of catch basin be provided with positioned at different height
Dry drain hole；The pedestal is provided with upper plate and lower plate, and the height for adjusting upper plate is provided on lower plate
Regulating device；The surrounding of the upper plate is provided with enclosing and partition is arranged on enclosing, and enclosing is divided into first by the partition
Surface drainage collection portion and the second horizontal infiltration water collection portion；First surface drainage collection portion and the second horizontal infiltration water are received
Drain valve is respectively set in portion in collection；It is characterized in that, the surface setting of the upper plate for by upper plate surface with thereon
The impermeability material layer of its lap sealing of the test specimen in addition to draining face and permeable face；It is provided with and is used on the bottom plate of the sink
The baffle and position-limit mechanism of baffle through-hole, one end of the baffle is hinged through the hinge to the bottom surface of bottom plate, and baffle is another
End is limited by position-limit mechanism；Method includes the following steps:
Step 1, the molding board-like examination of mixture identical with practical big gap bituminous pavement gradation and asphalt content in laboratory
Part, two faces for choosing the board-like test specimen of mixture respectively are sealed as draining face and permeable face, and by its lap；It is high needed for selection
The drain hole of degree, and the gradient for adjusting upper plate keeps it consistent with practical road surface horizontal slope；
Step 2 obtains test specimen of different size to test specimen truncation, and test specimen of different size is gradually placed in upper plate
On；It is filled to desired height into catch basin, makes the water in catch basin through drain hole and through-hole when bottom plate overhead gage is opened
It releases respectively, and obtains under each width test specimen in the horizontal infiltration water volume of set period of time；
Step 3, according to test specimen under each width of gained in the horizontal infiltration water volume of set period of time, calculate test specimen under each width
Horizontal infiltration flow, and the horizontal infiltration flow of the practical big gap bituminous pavement of every linear meter(lin.m.) is estimated, estimation uses following formula:
Wherein:
In above formula, LnThe value after 0.01m is subtracted for the n width of test specimen；QnFor the horizontal infiltration measured under n width
Flow；VnIt is L for widthnThe horizontal infiltration water volume that is measured in T time of test specimen；K is by knDetermining coefficient, and n is 1
Above natural number；L is the width of test specimen.
2. the evaluation method of big gap bituminous pavement horizontal infiltration flow, spy are according to claim 1, the step
2 further include being sealed to the gap between the board-like test specimen of mixture and upper plate and enclosing.
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| CN109543149B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2023-01-31 | 东南大学 | Safe parking sight distance calculation method for asphalt pavement in rainy days |
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