CN112710592A - Method for establishing relation between porosity and permeability coefficient of permeable pavement material - Google Patents
Method for establishing relation between porosity and permeability coefficient of permeable pavement material Download PDFInfo
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- CN112710592A CN112710592A CN202011391386.5A CN202011391386A CN112710592A CN 112710592 A CN112710592 A CN 112710592A CN 202011391386 A CN202011391386 A CN 202011391386A CN 112710592 A CN112710592 A CN 112710592A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
- G01N15/0893—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry by measuring weight or volume of sorbed fluid, e.g. B.E.T. method
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for establishing a relation between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of a permeable pavement material. The method for establishing the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material comprises the following steps: selecting permeable pavement materials with different gradations; respectively carrying out test tests on the porosity and the effective porosity of the permeable pavements with different grading, and regressing the test results to obtain the correlation between the two; respectively testing the permeability coefficients of the permeable materials with different grades by adopting a permeability testing device; and (4) regressing the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable materials with different grading to obtain the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material. The permeability testing device is used for respectively testing the permeability coefficients of the single-layer structure and the combined structure of the permeable cement concrete and the permeable asphalt mixture material with different grading, the relation between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the material is obtained through regression, data support is provided for selecting the material and reasonable grading, and reference is provided for the permeable pavement design of the sponge city.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of paving pavements, and particularly relates to a method for establishing a relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of a permeable pavement material.
Background
The concept of "sponge city" was first proposed in "2012 low carbon city and regional development science and technology forum". The sponge city means that the city can rapidly permeate into the ground when raining like a sponge, can release the water stored in rainy seasons when dry, and solves the urban problem through city self-regulation.
The construction of a sponge city can not be separated from a sponge body. The urban land features conforming to the characteristics of the sponge body comprise water systems such as rivers, lakes and the like, and urban supporting facilities such as green belts, gardens, permeable ground and the like. Rainwater falls onto the sponge body and can quickly seep to the ground, and the natural ground surface has the functions of storing, purifying and recycling the rainwater, so that various urban diseases are reduced. The permeable road pavement is an important measure in sponge city construction, and covers urban roads, urban green land and square roads, residential road, urban road and other urban roads at all levels. Due to the particularity of the permeable pavement structure, the characteristics of the structure and the material of the permeable pavement structure are greatly different from those of the original road pavement. In the process of research on water permeable pavement, the state issues technical specifications of water permeable brick pavement, water permeable asphalt pavement, water permeable cement concrete pavement and the like in succession, and can guide the construction of water permeable pavement of urban roads to a certain extent.
In recent years, pervious cement concrete pavements have received increasing national attention, and some concrete technical meetings, partial building projects or construction projects decide to use porous cement concrete. Sponge urban road permeable pavement should satisfy the intensity requirement that the road required of driving at first, and secondly should satisfy can effective water permeability requirement. The strength is directly related to the bearing capacity of the road surface, which formally limits the use of various pervious concrete materials on various grades of roads and main roads of cities.
Excellent drainage performance is an important characteristic of water permeable pavement. Adopt the structure of mating formation of permeating water, the rainwater of way table can be discharged rapidly through the inside intercommunication space of road surface structure during the rainfall, alleviates city pipe network drainage's pressure, effectively postpones the time that surface runoff flood peak value appears and reduces the surface runoff flow, and the possibility of very big degree reduction way table ponding improves the security and the travelling comfort of traveling. Therefore, it is necessary to research the permeability and the attenuation law of the permeable pavement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for establishing a relationship between a porosity and a permeability coefficient of a permeable pavement material.
The invention relates to a method for establishing the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of a permeable pavement material, which adopts the technical scheme that:
the method for establishing the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material comprises the following steps:
selecting permeable pavement materials with different gradations;
respectively carrying out test tests on the porosity and the effective porosity of the permeable pavements with different grading, and regressing the test results to obtain the correlation between the two;
respectively testing the permeability coefficients of the permeable materials with different grades by adopting a permeability testing device;
and (4) regressing the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable materials with different grading to obtain the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material.
As a further improvement to the technical scheme, the permeability testing device comprises a container, a sleeve is arranged in the container, a first overflow pipe and a drain pipe are arranged on the sleeve, and a second overflow pipe is arranged on the container.
As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the use method of the permeability testing apparatus includes the following steps: (1) measuring the height of a structure to be tested by using a ruler, calculating the area of the bottom section of the structure, uniformly wrapping a layer of plasticine on the side wall around the upper top surface of a test piece, winding a raw material belt for a circle on the outer side, putting the test piece from the bottom of a sleeve, and sealing the joint of the test piece and the side wall of the sleeve for a circle by using liquid paraffin, so as to ensure that the side wall does not leak, and if the test piece is of a multilayer structure, sealing the joint between the test piece layers; (2) opening a rainfall simulation device, carrying out rainfall simulation operation on the sleeve, filling the whole sleeve with water flow from bottom to top, and enabling a drain pipe and a first overflow pipe on the sleeve to start to overflow; (3) when no water flows out from the drain pipe on the sleeve, a stopwatch is pressed for timing, a big beaker is placed at a second overflow pipe of the container at the same time and used for receiving the water quantity penetrating through the structure, the stopwatch is pressed again after one minute to record time, the test is repeated, each numerical value is recorded, and the permeability coefficients of different structures are calculated.
As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the permeable pavement material comprises a permeable asphalt mixture material and a permeable cement concrete material; and testing the void ratios of the permeable pavement materials with different gradations by adopting a volume-measurement method to obtain the void ratios and the effective void ratios of the permeable pavement materials with different gradations.
As a further improvement to the above-described solution,
the fitting equation between the porosity and the effective porosity of the permeable asphalt mixture material is as follows:
the fitting equation between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable asphalt mixture material is as follows:
wherein: k-the permeability coefficient of the pervious asphalt mixture material; n is0-porosity of the pervious bituminous mix material; n ise-effective porosity of the pervious bituminous mix material.
As a further improvement to the above-described solution,
the fitting equation between the porosity and the effective porosity of the pervious cement concrete material is as follows:
the fitting equation between the porosity and the effective porosity of the pervious cement concrete material is as follows:
wherein: k-the permeability coefficient of the pervious cement concrete material; n is0-porosity of pervious cement concrete material; n ise-effective porosity of the pervious cement concrete material.
The invention provides a method for establishing a relation between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of a permeable pavement material, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
the method for establishing the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material respectively performs test tests on the porosity and the effective porosity of the permeable cement concrete and the permeable asphalt mixture material under different gradation, regresses the test results to obtain the correlation between the porosity and the effective porosity, and provides data support for the estimation of the effective porosity in the entity engineering. And measuring the permeability coefficients of the single-layer structures and the composite structures of the permeable cement concrete and the permeable asphalt mixture materials with different grading by using a permeability testing device, and obtaining the relation between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the materials by regression, so that data support is provided for selecting the materials and reasonable grading, and reference is provided for the design of the permeable pavement structure of the sponge city.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention for establishing a relationship between void fraction and permeability coefficient for a permeable pavement material;
FIG. 2 is a plot of the void fraction of a permeable asphalt mixture versus the effective void fraction in the method of the present invention for establishing a relationship between the void fraction and permeability coefficient of a permeable pavement material;
FIG. 3 is a plot of the void fraction of pervious cement concrete versus the effective void fraction in the method of the present invention for establishing a relationship between void fraction and permeability coefficient for a pervious pavement material;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a permeability testing device in the method for establishing the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a plot of the relationship between the porosity and permeability coefficient of a permeable asphalt mixture in the method of the present invention for establishing the relationship between the porosity and permeability coefficient of a permeable pavement material;
FIG. 6 is a plot of the void fraction of pervious cement concrete versus permeability coefficient in the method of the present invention for establishing the void fraction versus permeability coefficient relationship for a pervious pavement material;
in the figure: 1. a container; 2. a sleeve; 3. a first overflow pipe; 4. a drain pipe; 5. a second overflow tube.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
According to the specific embodiment of the method for establishing the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material, the aggregate gradation is an important factor influencing the strength formation of the permeable cement concrete and the permeable asphalt mixture. In order to ensure that the permeable pavement structure has good drainage performance and reasonable strength, different permeable asphalt mixture surface layer gradations are respectively selected by referring to the research results in the earlier stage of the subject group, and the reasonable gradations of the permeable cement concrete surface layer and the base layer are selected as shown in tables 1-3.
TABLE 1 surface gradation of permeable asphalt mixture
TABLE 2 Water permeable Cement concrete surface layer grading
TABLE 3 gradation of permeable cement concrete base
The gap is the rest part of the framework formed by removing the aggregate and cementing the cement during the molding of the concrete and consists of three parts, namely a communicating gap, a semi-communicating gap and a closed hole gap, wherein the sum of the three parts is a full gap. From the functional analysis of drainage and storage of water from the structure, the voids can be divided into two types, and the voids in the voids that allow water to pass through, drain, or temporarily store water from the structure are referred to as effective voids, whereas voids that do not fulfill the above functions are defined as ineffective voids. Thus, closed voids in the structure where water is difficult to enter are void voids, and connected and semi-connected voids that allow water to enter the structure are both void spaces that are available.
The total porosity represents the percentage of the volume of the voids in the mix to the total volume of the mix, often referred to simply as the porosity; the percentage of available voids in the mix that account for the overall voids in the mix is commonly referred to as the mix available void fraction.
And (3) testing the porosity of the pervious concrete by adopting a volume measurement method. The method is a simple and direct test method, the length, width and height basic data of the molded test piece are measured by a vernier caliper and recorded, in order to make the error of the calculation result as small as possible, a plurality of groups of tests are required to be carried out during measurement, the average value is taken, and then the volume of the test piece is calculated.
Void fraction of pervious asphalt mixture
The permeable asphalt mixture was tested, the test results are shown in table 4, and the relationship between the porosity of the permeable asphalt mixture and the effective porosity can be obtained by analyzing the data, as shown in fig. 2.
TABLE 5 voidage and effective voidage results
The effective void ratio and the void ratio of the three graded permeable asphalt mixtures have good linear correlation. As the void fraction increases, the effective void fraction also increases linearly. According to the table 4, the linear relational expressions of the effective void ratio and the void ratio of the permeable asphalt mixture under different gradation can be obtained, wherein the expressions of PAC-13a, PAC-16 and PAC-20 are as follows:
wherein: effective gap is represented as neThe void fraction is represented by n0。
Porosity of pervious cement concrete material
The permeable cement concrete void fraction test results are shown in table 5, and the relationship between the permeable cement concrete material void fraction and the effective void fraction can be obtained by analyzing the data, as shown in fig. 3.
TABLE 5 relationship between the porosity of the pervious cement concrete and the effective porosity
Performing data regression according to the relevant test results in table 5 to obtain the fitting relationship between the porosity and the effective porosity of the pervious cement concrete, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein: effective gap is represented as neThe void fraction is represented by n0。
In this example, the permeability coefficient was measured by using a permeability coefficient measuring apparatus. As shown in fig. 4, the permeability testing device comprises a container 1, a sleeve 2 is arranged in the container 1, a first overflow pipe 3 and a drain pipe 4 are arranged on the sleeve 2, and a second overflow pipe 5 is arranged on the container 1. The permeability testing device also comprises a stopwatch, a meter ruler, a vernier caliper, a rainfall simulation device and a thermometer.
The permeability coefficient is not directly obtained in the test, but is controlled according to a plurality of factors such as the water passing amount, the water passing area, the water head height, the water passing time and the like, a final result is obtained through comprehensive calculation, the influence of the factors on the result is considered in the equipment manufacturing process, and the main factors considered in the development process include side wall seepage prevention, internal sleeve size design, the position of an overflow pipe opening and the like.
The use method of the permeability testing device comprises the following steps: (1) measuring the height of a structure to be tested by using a ruler, calculating the area of the bottom section of the structure, uniformly wrapping a layer of plasticine on the side wall around the upper top surface of a test piece, winding a raw material belt for a circle on the outer side, putting the test piece from the bottom of a sleeve, and sealing the joint of the test piece and the side wall of the sleeve for a circle by using liquid paraffin, so as to ensure that the side wall does not leak, and if the test piece is of a multilayer structure, sealing the joint between the test piece layers; (2) opening a rainfall simulation device, carrying out rainfall simulation operation on the sleeve, filling the whole sleeve with water flow from bottom to top, and enabling a drain pipe and a first overflow pipe on the sleeve to start to overflow; (3) when no water flows out from the drain pipe on the sleeve, a stopwatch is pressed for timing, a large beaker is placed at a second overflow pipe of the container at the same time and used for receiving the water quantity penetrating through the structure, the stopwatch is pressed again after one minute to record time, the test is repeated, each numerical value is recorded, and the permeability coefficients of different structures are calculated according to the Darcy formula.
The device is used for testing the permeability coefficients of the permeable asphalt mixture materials with different grading, a plurality of test pieces are selected for each grading for testing, and the test results are shown in table 6.
TABLE 6 permeation coefficient of permeable asphalt mixture
As can be seen from Table 6, when the maximum nominal particle size is the same, the permeability coefficient of the permeable asphalt mixture tends to increase with the increase of the grading, and the coarser the grading, the better the permeability of the material. As the maximum nominal particle size increases, the permeability coefficient of the material also tends to increase. To investigate the correlation between the porosity and permeability coefficient of a material, a correlation between the porosity and permeability coefficient of a material was fitted as shown in fig. 5.
As can be seen from fig. 5, the fitting equation between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable asphalt mixture material is as follows:
wherein: k-the permeability coefficient of the pervious asphalt mixture material; n is0-porosity of the pervious bituminous mix material.
The permeability coefficients of a plurality of permeable cement concrete base layers were measured using the above-described apparatus pair, and the test results are shown in table 7.
TABLE 7 Permeability coefficient results for permeable cement concrete base
As can be seen from table 7, the permeability coefficient of the permeable cement concrete material tends to increase with the increase of the graded particle size, and the larger the graded particle size is, the better the permeability of the material is. The test results of the permeability coefficient, the void ratio and the effective void ratio of the pervious cement concrete material are shown in table 4.2.5. In order to study the correlation between the results of the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the pervious cement concrete, a correlation image of the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the fitting material is shown in fig. 6.
As can be seen from fig. 6, the regression equation of the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable cement concrete material is:
wherein: k-the permeability coefficient of the pervious cement concrete material; n is0-porosity of the pervious cement concrete material.
The method for establishing the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material respectively performs test tests on the porosity and the effective porosity of the permeable cement concrete and the permeable asphalt mixture material under different gradation, regresses the test results to obtain the correlation between the porosity and the effective porosity, and provides data support for the estimation of the effective porosity in the entity engineering. And measuring the permeability coefficients of the single-layer structures and the composite structures of the permeable cement concrete and the permeable asphalt mixture materials with different grading by using a permeability testing device, and obtaining the relation between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the materials by regression, so that data support is provided for selecting the materials and reasonable grading, and reference is provided for the design of the permeable pavement structure of the sponge city.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for establishing the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
selecting permeable pavement materials with different gradations;
respectively carrying out test tests on the porosity and the effective porosity of the permeable pavements with different grading, and regressing the test results to obtain the correlation between the two;
respectively testing the permeability coefficients of the permeable materials with different grades by adopting a permeability testing device;
and (4) regressing the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable materials with different grading to obtain the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material.
2. The method for establishing the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the permeability testing device comprises a container, a sleeve is arranged in the container, a first overflow pipe and a drain pipe are arranged on the sleeve, and a second overflow pipe is arranged on the container.
3. The method for establishing the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the use method of the permeability testing device comprises the following steps: (1) measuring the height of a structure to be tested by using a ruler, calculating the area of the bottom section of the structure, uniformly wrapping a layer of plasticine on the side wall around the upper top surface of a test piece, winding a raw material belt for a circle on the outer side, putting the test piece from the bottom of a sleeve, and sealing the joint of the test piece and the side wall of the sleeve for a circle by using liquid paraffin, so as to ensure that the side wall does not leak, and if the test piece is of a multilayer structure, sealing the joint between the test piece layers; (2) opening a rainfall simulation device, carrying out rainfall simulation operation on the sleeve, filling the whole sleeve with water flow from bottom to top, and enabling a drain pipe and a first overflow pipe on the sleeve to start to overflow; (3) when no water flows out from the drain pipe on the sleeve, a stopwatch is pressed for timing, a big beaker is placed at a second overflow pipe of the container at the same time and used for receiving the water quantity penetrating through the structure, the stopwatch is pressed again after one minute to record time, the test is repeated, each numerical value is recorded, and the permeability coefficients of different structures are calculated.
4. The method for establishing the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the permeable pavement material comprises a permeable asphalt mixture material and a permeable cement concrete material; and testing the void ratios of the permeable pavement materials with different gradations by adopting a volume-measurement method to obtain the void ratios and the effective void ratios of the permeable pavement materials with different gradations.
5. The method for establishing the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the fitting equation between the porosity and the effective porosity of the permeable asphalt mixture material is as follows:
the fitting equation between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable asphalt mixture material is as follows:
wherein: k-the permeability coefficient of the pervious asphalt mixture material; n is0-porosity of the pervious bituminous mix material; n ise-effective porosity of the pervious bituminous mix material.
6. The method for establishing the relationship between the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the permeable pavement material according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the fitting equation between the porosity and the effective porosity of the pervious cement concrete material is as follows:
the fitting equation between the porosity and the effective porosity of the pervious cement concrete material is as follows:
wherein: k-the permeability coefficient of the pervious cement concrete material; n is0-porosity of pervious cement concrete material; n ise-effective porosity of the pervious cement concrete material.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN114034617A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-02-11 | 东南大学 | Characterization and evaluation method for three-dimensional gap connectivity of asphalt mixture |
| CN115879394A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-03-31 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Seepage analysis method and system based on numerical model |
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| CN101738363A (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2010-06-16 | 上海嘉洁环保工程有限公司 | Instrument and method for testing permeability coefficient |
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| CN101001686A (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2007-07-18 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Oxygen-permeable film, oxygen-permeable sheet and electric cell comprising the same |
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