CN1068406C - A lubrication system for spot lubrication of working cylinders in large piston machines, primarily naval diesel motors - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lubricating system which adopts time control metering valves which are arranged at the places adjacent to respective oil filling points (4), and thereby, the elastic effect of a pipeline is minimum. The present invention has the further improvement that devices (8) which can be respectively and automatically regulated and can be used for measuring and metering the volume are adopted. In the process of oil filling, the metering devices are filled with any required oil mass. For example, under the action of the conveying pressure of the oil, the metering devices can be used for exhausting the oil in a quantitative way to one or a plurality of oil filling points according to the required oil mass, and in fact, the oil conveyance is irrelevant to the pressure change in an oil supply system.

Description

Warship is with the lubrication system that is used for the piston spot lubrication in the big piston machine on the diesel engine

In the present invention and the main big piston motor machine cylinder in Ship's Service Power Unit at a place or the many places lubricating point lubrication system of refueling relevant, more particularly, with the measuring apparatus that has oil pump, in engine operational cycle, by the adjusting of control gear, it is relevant to the lubrication system of each filling-up area that links to each other to transmit the pressure oil that regulates oil mass.

For this purpose, use so-called central lubrication device traditionally, when each central lubrication device work, it links to each other with the lubricating point of one or more cylinder, by corresponding binding oil pipe, in the appropriate time lubrication pressure is arrived each filling-up area.These of short duration time lags are accurately to limit by the motion of corresponding cylinder intrinsic motivation piston is next, ideally, the fuel feeding that flows to above-mentioned filling-up area really occurs in the piston ring that a cover is relevant on the piston well to be passed through in the time lag of relevant filling-up area, if in the time of fuel feeding, the cylinder wall of contiguous single relevant lubricating point is also not inswept or more specifically say by piston ring, inswept by scraper ring, the lubricated of piston in cylinder wall will become inefficacy.

Under the normal condition, the central lubrication device is accompanied by the rotation of engine crankshaft and carries out synchronization control, therefore than being easier to align device, with in the rational time lag, each several part lubricant oil is passed to each filling-up area.Yet verifiedly be difficult to obtain one best lubricated, comprise that the sudden commencement of a lubricating impulse is eventually anxious.Good oilyly must after stopping, this time prolong the time lag of lubricating in order in correct short time interval, to obtain one, certainly this also causes the waste of some lubricant oil, reason is to have taken place pipeline buoyancy effect or accumulator effect, and this buoyancy effect occurs on the exterior line between lubricating fitting and the filling-up area.Certainly pipe the longest in these pipelines that are attached thereto is particularly evident.Oil pipe should be easy to install and the rigidity of pipeline is had certain restriction, moreover the oil column in pipeline also contains certain elasticity.

Yet, one scheme is disclosed from DK-C-81275, wherein, the central lubrication device is replaced by measuring apparatus or replenishes, these measuring apparatuss are placed near the independent filling-up area or the point group that refuels, like this, just can link to each other between these filling-up areas by short pipeline, these measuring apparatuss are just as cut-off valve controlled between pressure oil pipe and the filling-up area, and these related valves are driven into an open position by a spring or gravity load, and simultaneously under electromagnetic action valve driving to a closed position, therefore by with the synchronously driven switch gear of engine revolution, in the correct time, by the suitable short time every, open valve automatically.Relevant mentioned the pure time control of having tested the correlometer metered valve in open, but this does not guarantee to inject correct oil mass.Under this background, the way of the time control of suggestion employing one metering valve and the volume flow combination of oil pump.Therefore, can make oil pump after filling-up area is set up high pressure, throw open valve, and no matter buoyancy effect in long connecting pipe, and to pump the volume measurement later stage, pressure began to descend the time cut-off valve suddenly.In each independent fueling procedure, hope can be kept a high injection pressure, can make the very expensive and very difficult generation one that becomes of armamentarium cost depend on and change under the operating mode fast, automatically adjust its fuel injection quantity effectively, this shows in above-mentioned suggestion, preferably come with the oily accumulator that can place near independent measuring apparatus inlet, so just can be by comparatively fast opening valve, to keep the desirable high oil pressure of carrying than secured fashion, equally, in long pressure oil transport pipe, produce certain flexible excellent in addition, because in general, want corresponding between the injection oil of the fuel feeding of oil pump and filling-up area.

Basic idea of the present invention is consistent with prior art, main purpose of the present invention is to have certain oil mass to lubricate in each circulation of motor, even want this oil mass of corresponding adjusting, such as reaching this purpose basically by employing central lubrication device, wherein having a range-adjustable reciprocating pump arrives oil pressure independent filling-up area or refuels point group, do not involve above-mentioned relevant issues by partly adopting known technology, the present invention just can use widely.

For realizing purpose of the present invention, the invention provides one in the big piston engine cylinder, especially on Ship's Service Power Unit, be used for the lubrication system of continuous and quantitative fuel feeding to one or more lubricating point, there is an oil pump in this system, be used to draw the transport pipe of hanging oneself and be connected to the one or more measuring apparatuss that are connected to the pressure fuel pump side of lubricant oil of pressure oil-source, preferably all be placed near relevant lubricating point, measuring apparatus is furnished with the metering dispensing device, each measure dispensing device be suitable for engine operational cycle necessarily in short-term in adjusting control by control gear transmit regulate oil mass pressure oil to each filling-up area that links to each other, at contiguous measuring apparatus, can establish oily accumulator makeup oil, it is characterized in that described measuring apparatus or each this class device serve as a volumetric measurement device, the work of control gear controllably changes the volume of surveying, measuring apparatus design and the connection that is positioned to by controllably opening between measuring apparatus and the lubricating point can drive the oil mass that transmission has been measured under the pressure that is produced under controllable state, described pressure can have the pressure of a related pressure medium system, the inlet pressure that is preferably oil inlet pipe itself and selectively is placed on the oily accumulator on the pipeline, measuring apparatus also is provided with one and measures oil cylinder, settle a piston or a plunger in it, moving of this piston limited by pin in a direction at least, and the position of pin is adjusted by a mobile mechanism outside oil cylinder.

Just in principle, the measuring apparatus of installing by the part is controlled to implement volume measurement and time.

Measuring apparatus is designed to inspiration and discharges the oil mass of constant volume, no matter piston-engined operating rate or oil viscosity, oil extraction will or may be appropriate.Change according to want the to revise parameter that takes place, for example, oil viscosity changes, this modification is easy to realize, this measuring apparatus can be with unusual plain mode for example, for example as having at the fixed end of oil cylinder and the piston of displacement or the oil cylinder of plunger between the other end relatively, wherein, be provided with a pin from outboard shafts to insertion, be connected with the nut mode with screw rod between the outermost end of pin and the driving platform by the stepper motor shape of control gear control, this control gear forwards pin to any relevant position soon and easily with high precision.Compressed oil is used to be fills up in the oil cylinder by self oil pressure, up to piston near axial pin, after this, compressed oil can be used for the emptying oily volume that instrumentation is good to filling-up area, just link in the oil cylinder space of piston opposite side, except valve self control, metering no longer needs operating energy.

Measuring apparatus can be a movement in one direction, and working space is alternately linked the inlet of compressed oil to be full of working space, links filling-up area with to the filling-up area fuel feeding.An also corresponding return tube and the pressure oil inlet of alternately linking respectively of this pressure chamber, when filling working space, piston goes out the oil pressure in this pressure chamber and promotes piston forward to extrude the good oily volume of instrumentation by pressure oil like this.By this embodiment, just can utilize a stepped piston, with respect to active chamber, part stepped piston is worked in the pressure chamber that diameter increases, above-mentioned return tube can be for good and all linked in space between this piston and the narrower working piston, thereby common oil pressure just can be used to be provided at the very big oil pressure of local amplification in the measuring apparatus.

Measuring apparatus also can be a bidirectional-movement, alternately links pressure oil inlet and filling-up area respectively in the cylinder chamber of piston two sides.By such device, above-mentioned return tube can save together, also just can utilize a two-way stepped piston by this device, even must use a return tube.

Hereinafter, with reference to accompanying drawing the present invention is carried out more detailed description.In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the schematic side view of warship with diesel engine-single cylinder;

Fig. 2 is used for the more detailed sectional view of independent fueling injection equipment that links to each other with cylinder;

One of Fig. 3 fueling injection equipment is revised the corresponding sectional view of embodiment.

Cylinder shown in Figure 1 has a cylinder liner 2 that is provided with many oilholes 4 in it, each oilhole 4 is linked a fueling injection equipment that is attached thereto 8 by a short tube 6, high pressure oil pump 12 is drawn the oil of fuel tank 14 through transport pipe 10, pressure oil is fed to these fueling injection equipments 8, from all linking fuel tank 14 from the transport pipe 16 of the oil sources of not shown lubricant oil and from the return tube of fueling injection equipment.Also link single fueling injection equipment 8 from control gear 22 actuating cable shown in broken lines.

Under illustrated normal the optimum state, cylinder is provided with a piston 24, and by a piston rod 26 and a connecting rod 28, piston is linked the bent axle 30,32 in crankshaft shell.Pair of pistons ring or the scraper ring of suggestion on piston is placed near piston tip, ideal situation be just in time this to piston ring during by corresponding filling-up area 4, lubricant oil sprays into from each filling-up area 4, actually, this means in unusual short time interval with the high-power lubricant oil that sprays into.

The structure of the single fueling injection equipment in most preferred embodiment as shown in Figure 2.As a critical piece, each fuel injector cartridge is equipped with a band piston oil-cylinder 40 of linking the outer pipe 42 of a changing valve 44, this changing valve is by an actuating device 46 controls, this changing valve 44 can be switched to respectively and links to each other with fuel supply line 10 with spray bar 6, short tube 6 is provided with an one-way valve 7, in case flow from the oil return oil of tank filler sleeve 4.

Piston 48 is contained in the oil cylinder 40, and in its back-end, oil cylinder 40 is linked a conduit 50 that leads to the conversion equipment 52 that matches with changing valve 44.Like this when oil outlet tube 42 is linked oil spout organ pipe 6 then conduit 50 link pressure oil pipe 10, then conduit 50 is linked return tube 18 when oil outlet tube 42 is linked pressure oil pipe 10.

One pin 50 is placed in piston 48 tops and gives prominence to forward by oil cylinder rear end, 40 top, and this pin has been determined the maximum collapse position of piston 48.Pin with not shown mode fastening and can not rotate, pin is meshed with fixed nut 56 with screw thread in its outer end, this nut can make its rotation by the stepper motor 58 that control gear among Fig. 1 22 is controlled.

One pressure transducer 60 can be positioned to conduit 50 and be connected, and a corresponding sensor can be placed in selectively from the outlet port 42,6 of oil cylinder 40, and these sensors also can be linked control gear 22, for example is used for control and supervision purpose.In the starting stage, valving 42,52 is parked in and makes conduit 42 link the pressure oil pipe 10 of oil cylinder 40 lower ends, and in the upper end of oil cylinder 40, makes oil pipe 50 link the position of return tube 18.Thereby pressure oil is pressed into the lower end of oil cylinder 40, and piston 40 is pressed to the top up to the termination of piston near pin 54 like this, therefore just can measure by pin 54 location (just by the signal that is received by motor 58 by cable 20 from control gear 22).And draw by exactly determined oily volume in the oil cylinder 40 of piston 48 belows.Shown in Fig. 1 arrow, control gear 22 has received some different and relevant information of sending from each sensor of system, the result, and the oily volume that sprays into oil cylinder will be undertaken fuel feeding to the oil mass of this partial volume by oilhole 4 subsequently suitably.

By before the tank filler sleeve 4, control gear 22 is energized to actuating device 46 immediately with switch transition valving 44,52 at pair of pistons ring or scraper ring 36.Tank filler sleeve 4 is linked by managing 6 in the lower end that this means present oil cylinder, and pressure tube 10 is linked by managing 50 in the upper end of oil cylinder, and high pressure oil just is sent to piston 48 superjacent air spaces as a result.Thereby the strong downward promotion of this piston so as with energetically the oil before the piston, very short time at interval in, carry out oil spout by tank filler sleeve 4, like this, finished beginning and ending phase during conversion valve is opened once.

Subsequently, actuating device 46 can be driven immediately and reset conversion valve 44,52, the result flows into new oil mass the upper space of oil cylinder 40 once more, carry out once more oil-filled up to piston 48 near pin 54, the position of this pin is normally according to the testing signal from different respective sensor, adjust by control gear 22 control step motors 58, so, from machinery, can settle control program according to any required standard, this is also uncomplicated, in control gear 22 relative or interactional two kinds of standards between input and the input can take place simultaneously, for example, the one detected motor load signal that reduces can be stipulated an oil mass that reduces, and meanwhile, if flip-flop just in time takes place in motor load, certainly comprise also that load reduces, as a principal element, may wish to increase oil mass, therefore this unexpected variation can cause the oil cylinder wearing and tearing that increase day by day.After load variations takes place, the oil mass that increases should be kept certain hour, for example 15-30 minute, can be easy to adjust by a timer and coupled selectable sensor in this time, these selectable sensors be in order to detect the situation that influence is kept increases lubricated ideal time.The parameter that indicates relevant controlling in detail is not a purpose of the present invention, when the actuating device 46,54 (no matter character of this driving) that has only control gear 22 end product to be delivered to motor 58 or corresponding regulating device respectively and deliver to independent measuring apparatus, make according to all parameters that can expect, can control measuring apparatus easily.

Finish volume read-out in order to reach energetically with high speed, layout shown in the hope can make a pressure oil accumulator be placed on each conversion equipment 52 the place ahead or measure in the inlet duct 10 in dispensing device group the place ahead in each part, for example accumulator is the diameter slightly resilient container more slightly larger than inlet tube only, like this, required oil mass flows to the rear end of oil cylinder 40 very soon by the driving of changing valve 44,52, and and does not require that inlet tube 10 has any king-sized diameter.

In the embodiment of metering dispensing device shown in Figure 3, still be used for piston 48 pressed forward and oil mass in the measurement chamber before sending piston at the oil pressure at import 10 places, but here, this device is designed to bidirectional-movement, in the position 1, shown in changing valve 62 pressure oil is delivered to the right-hand member of oil cylinder 40 from conduit 10 by a conduit 64, the left end of oil cylinder is then linked a parallel selector valve 66 in the I position by a conduit 68 simultaneously, this valve 66 forever links to each other with relevant lubricating point by a short tube 70.

As mentioned above, pipe 64 and 68 is all linked the selector valve 62 and 66 of I position separately, and manage 64 with the 68 II positions of linking relative separately selector valve by extension tube 74 and 76.

Oil cylinder 40 is full of oil entirely in piston 48 2 sides, is in the position II by a pair of selector valve 62,66 shown in Figure 3, and piston 48 will be in illustrated right side tip position.When a oil mass was prepared to distribute, valve 62,66 forwarded the position I again to, then flow to the right-hand member of oil cylinder from the pressure oil of conduit 10 by valve 62 and conduit 64, thereby piston is pushed to right-hand and by conduit 68 oil pressure to lubricant pipe 70.When piston 48 near the oil cylinder left end, this presses the oil action just to stop suddenly.

Simultaneously, the expansive space on piston 48 right sides will be full of oil, and meanwhile just, a new oil mass is set up again, and first-class gauging has flowed into as isodose oil extrudes from the piston opposite side.

When down a oil mass was prepared to distribute, valve 62,62 forwarded the position II again to.Pressure oil flows to the left end of oil cylinder from inlet duct 10 by valve 66 and conduit 68 then, thereby piston 48 is shifted to right-hand and by conduit 64 valves 62 and conduit 74 oil mass on piston right side is forced into lubricant pipe 70.And when piston 48 during near pin 54, the action of this pressure oil stops suddenly.

This presses oily process to repeat once more as shown in Figure 3, and new lubricated operation repeats no more as mentioned above.

Adopt system shown in Figure 3 one very important benefit be that whole facility can be positioned to and do not have return tube 18.Described embodiment refuels according to the continuous and quantitative of having surveyed in the past measured lubricants capacity, but it is also noted that the present invention is not limited thereto.So, under given some extreme case, control gear is intervened the quantitative refueling process by conversion valve device 44,46,52 before can be before piston 48 is all pressed in oil cylinder.Connecting pipe 6 between measuring apparatus and the engine cylinder 2 can be quite short, and like this from the fluid mechanics viewpoint, connecting pipe 6 is rigidity fully, so without any noticeable accumulator effect, yet be not desirable herein.It is also noted that for example, by the horizontal location of oil cylinder 40, measuring apparatus is placed to directly and links to each other with relevant tank filler sleeve all-in-one-piece cylinder liner, has suppressed possible accumulator effect thus.Also have one may be that each measuring apparatus can be settled like this in order that several lubricating points are connected together work simultaneously, in normal range (NR), several lubricating points be seated in the same cross section of engine cylinder.In addition, an independent measuring apparatus can link to each other with several lubricating points at different time, but will be by a suitable conversion equipment.

Should be understood that measuring apparatus is not to be placed on next-door neighbour's filling-up area, measuring apparatus just in time is placed on next-door neighbour's cylinder district, with respect to present convention, can shorten the length of lubricant pipe greatly, in addition, measuring apparatus can also be placed in groups.

The embodiment who relates to above to be discussed, what say all is the pressure oil itself that is used to produce jet power, but the present invention is not limited thereto.Also can select a compressed air system for use in addition, for example be used for amplification at oil measurement piston upward pressure jointly with a stepped piston device.In addition, a powerful electromagnet also can be used to stretch out the oil measurement piston with suitable one suitable Spring effect, and in this case, import oil need not transmit with extra high pressure.

Claims (4)

1. One in the big piston engine cylinder, promptly on marine engine, be used for lubrication system at least one lubricating point continuous and quantitative fuel feeding, there is an oil pump in this system, be used to draw the transport pipe of hanging oneself and be connected to the lubricant oil of pressure oil-source, at least one links the measuring apparatus of pressure fuel pump side by conduit, this measuring apparatus is furnished with the metering dispensing device, each measures dispensing device and is suitable for when engine operational cycle by the control gear that links to each other with described measuring apparatus the pressure oil of the good oil mass of controllable adjustment being sent to a continuous lubricated filling-up area, it is characterized in that, the suitable volumetric measurement device of described measuring apparatus, the work of control gear is controllably to change the volume of surveying, measuring apparatus is designed to and is positioned to the controllable operating by subsequently, the oil mass that is measured above-mentioned lubricating point of discharging under the effect of being exerted pressure in above-mentioned oily part, described measuring apparatus is provided with one and measures oil cylinder, settle a piston or a plunger in it, moving of this piston limited by pin in a direction at least, and the position of pin is adjusted by a mobile mechanism outside oil cylinder.
2. 2. according to right described 1 described lubrication system, it is characterized in that by relevant independent control valve, measuring apparatus links to each other with described pressure oil-source, the control valve that this control gear is handled moves between spare space and lubricated position, in the spare space, in the time lag between continuous dispensing oil, pressure oil is full of the measurement chamber of this measuring apparatus, is added to the device of filling-up area separately at lubricated position pressure oil as an oil pressure in measurement chamber.
3. 3. lubrication system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, measuring oil cylinder links to each other with the guiding valve of a conversion valve with each personal conduit of relative two ends, by this guiding valve, alternately link to each other with the outlet of a pressure oil import and a lubricating point at piston or the pairing separately cylinder of plunger two sides chamber.
4. 4. lubrication system according to claim 1 is characterized in that controlled pressure exerting arrangement is an exercisable electromagnet, and electricity consumption drives a piston oil pressure that measures is gone out so that be sent to filling-up area.