CN106838099A - The method for designing and damper of a kind of multi-functional viscous damper of variable element - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses the method for designing and damper of a kind of multi-functional viscous damper of variable element, it is related to antivibration area.Damped coefficient C according to damper with viscosity_iWith Rate Index α_iChange with the change of orifice valve speed V, the constitutive relation curve of viscous damper is divided into some stages, according to three sections of arc-shaped curved surfaces of orifice valve in its constitutive relation Curve Design damper with viscosity, and the piecewise function of first surface, the second curved surface and the 3rd curved surface respectively with stage i, phase il and ii I-stage is corresponding.The viscous damper of method for designing design of the invention can meet plurality of application scenes according to the movement velocity automatic damping adjusting power of damper piston in same bridge, and the viscous damper can be prevented effectively from the damage that warm mutagens shape is caused to bridge；Advantageously reduce wind shake, the displacement that skidding external load causes, prevent the devices such as viscous damper, expansion joint from fatigue rupture occurs to early；Be conducive to improving the anti-seismic performance of bridge structure.

Description

The method for designing and damper of a kind of multi-functional viscous damper of variable element

Technical field

The present invention relates to antivibration area, and in particular to a kind of method for designing of multi-functional viscous damper of variable element and Damper.

Background technology

Common damper with viscosity is generally made up of parts such as cylinder body, piston, piston rod and resisting mediums.Resisting medium Riddle in two cavitys before and after piston, the related piston of piston rod can be slided in the inner chamber of cylinder body, and resisting medium is slided in piston During dynamic, another cavity is flow to by a cavity by the passage between piston and cylinder body.

Damped coefficient and Rate Index are two important parameters for reflecting damper with viscosity mechanical property.Small Rate Index Damper with viscosity larger damping force can be produced in the case where speed is extremely low, the Rate Index with piston movement is 0.1 As a example by, as the orifice valve speed V=0.005V of damper with viscosity_maxWhen, the corresponding damping force F of damper with viscosity_D= 0.5887F_{D max}, wherein V_maxAnd F_{D max}The respectively maximal rate and maximum damping force of damper with viscosity orifice valve, greatly across Easily there is strong nonlinear time-varying altitude temperature difference effect in degree bridge, cause the structure of Longspan Bridge under strong action of thermal difference There is serious temperature and cause stress concentration and warm mutagens shape, cause serious structural damage；The damper with viscosity of small Rate Index When orifice valve speed is higher, damping force increasing degree is limited, is unfavorable for the anti-seismic performance of raising structure under severe earthquake action.If choosing The larger viscous damper of Rate Index is selected, in the case where speed is relatively low, the growth of damping force is more slow, and bridge is in vehicle Larger displacement may be produced under braking, the effect of slight wind shake, causes the structure members such as viscous damper, expansion joint easily to be sent out Raw fatigue rupture.It can be seen that, the applicable scene of the viscous damper of traditional preset parameter is more single, typically in cable-stayed bridge simultaneously Solved the above problems using the viscous damper of multiple different sizes, the emerging continent highway and railway bi-purpose cable-stayed bridge bridge of such as Wuhan Tian is employed It is dual and use damper, on the one hand longitudinally small shaken using what 12 40 tons of MR damper limitation brake caused in bridge It is dynamic, on the other hand using 200 tons of EIAJ the load such as Future Earthquakes of the main bridge of large-scale Damper Control drift, this certainty The difficulty and construction costs of construction and installation can be increased.

The content of the invention

For defect present in prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of multi-functional viscous damping of variable element The method for designing and damper of device, the movement velocity automatic damping adjusting power according to damper piston, can be in same bridge Meet plurality of application scenes, be conducive to improving the anti-seismic performance of bridge structure.

To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is adopted the technical scheme that：

A kind of method for designing of the multi-functional viscous damper of variable element, the damped coefficient C according to damper with viscosity_iWith speed Degree index α_iChange with the change of orifice valve speed V, the constitutive relation curve of viscous damper is divided into some stages, root According to the arc-shaped curved surface of orifice valve in viscous damper described in constitutive relation Curve Design.

On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, comprise the following steps that：

S1, the damped coefficient C according to damper with viscosity_iWith Rate Index α_iChange with the change of orifice valve speed V, By the F of damper with viscosity_iDamping force uses piecewise function to be expressed as follows for formula I：

The curved end for designing damper with viscosity according to piecewise function includes three sections of curved surfaces, respectively first surface, the Two curved surfaces and the 3rd curved surface, and the piecewise function of stage i corresponds to first surface, the piecewise function correspondence second of phase il is bent Face, piecewise function the 3rd curved surface of correspondence of ii I-stage；

Wherein i=1,2,3, F₁、C₁、α₁Damping force, damped coefficient and the speed of the viscous damper of stage i are represented respectively Degree index, F₂、C₂、α₂Damping force, damped coefficient and the Rate Index of the viscous damper of phase il, F are represented respectively₃、C₃、α₃ Damping force, damped coefficient and the Rate Index of the viscous damper of ii I-stage are represented respectively, and sign () is sign function, V It is orifice valve speed, V_maxIt is the piston movement maximal rate of damper with viscosity；

S2, it is known that the flow of the circumferential weld by being formed between the curved end and throttle orifice of valve element It is formula II, wherein δ is the width of the circumferential weld of formation between the curved end and throttle orifice of valve element, and D is the diameter of throttle orifice, μ It is resisting medium viscosity, l is the length of the curved end of valve element, and Δ P is the pressure of the first damping chamber and the second damping chamber Difference；Known Q=AV is formula III, and wherein A is piston area, and V is orifice valve speed；Derived by formula II and formula IIIIt is formula IV, wherein F is the damping force of damper with viscosity；

The both sides of formula IV are integrated and obtained by S3 simultaneouslyIt is formula V；

S4, is derived by formula I and formula V

Be formula VI, according to formula VI calculate the curved end of valve element with The width δ of the circumferential weld formed between throttle orifice；

S4, usesFormula VI is substituted into, high order fitting, wherein x are carried out with coordinate to δ^jIt is Fitting Coordinate System, b_jIt is fitting coefficient, n is the positive integer more than or equal to 4, obtains the corresponding matched curve of three sections of curved surfaces of curved end.

On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the parameter of the corresponding viscous damper of three sections of curved surfaces is determined；

The orifice valve speed V of stage i, the IIth stage and the IIIth stage corresponding viscous damper, respectively | V |≤ 0.005V_max、0.005V_max＜ | V |≤0.2V_max, | V | ＞ 0.2V_max, V_maxIt is the maximum speed of the piston movement of damper with viscosity Degree；

The value of the Rate Index of stage i, the IIth stage and the IIIth stage corresponding viscous damper is respectively α₁≥ 1、0.25≥α₂>=0.1,1.0 ＞ α₃＞ 0.25；

The damped coefficient C of stage i, the IIth stage and the IIIth stage corresponding viscous damper₁、C₂And C₃Value by Bridge structure characteristic and Seismic Design Requirements are determined.

On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the first surface correspondence viscous damper of the viscous damper is in speed The extremely low situation of degree is | V |≤0.005V_max, now damping force is minimum, the viscous damper temperature change cause it is slow Motion is lower will not to produce larger damping force；

The second curved surface correspondence viscous damper of the viscous damper is 0.005V in the relatively low situation of speed_max ＜ | V |≤0.2V_max, now damping force increase along the less curve of Rate Index, damping force can be increased rapidly to one it is larger Numerical value；

The 3rd curved surface correspondence viscous damper of the viscous damper is | V | ＞ 0.2V in the larger situation of speed_max, Now damping force increases along the larger curve of Rate Index, damping force more uniform increase with the increase of speed.

A kind of multi-functional viscous damper of variable element, including

Damper body, inner chamber is provided with the damper body；

With the piston rod in the damper body；

The inner chamber of the damper body is divided into the first damping chamber by the piston being connected with the piston rod, the piston With the second damping chamber, resisting medium is filled with the first damping chamber and the second damping cavity room；

Orifice valve described in two on the piston is installed on, the orifice valve includes：Bonnet, the bonnet is provided with throttling Hole, valve body, the bottom of the valve body is provided with valve seat, and the seat bottom portion is provided with through hole, and the valve seat is located at institute respectively with bonnet State the two ends of valve body, the throttle orifice and the through hole UNICOM；Valve element, the valve element is installed in the valve body, the valve element End be provided with curved end, the valve element can be reciprocal in the valve body, when the curved end is moved to the throttle orifice When interior, the curved end and the throttle orifice form circumferential weld towards between the hole wall of described valve body one end, and with the arc The change in location that end face enters in the throttle orifice, the change width of the circumferential weld；

Orifice valve described in two, respectively the first orifice valve and the second orifice valve, the first orifice valve and the second orifice valve are distinguished The setting direction phase of the first damping chamber described in UNICOM and the second damping chamber, first orifice valve and second orifice valve Instead.

On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the curved end includes three sections of curved surfaces being sequentially connected, respectively first Curved surface, the second curved surface and the 3rd curved surface, and the first surface is near the bonnet side, and the first surface, the second song The curvature of face and the 3rd curved surface is unequal.

On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the curvature of the curvature less than the 3rd curved surface of second curved surface is described Curvature of the curvature of the 3rd curved surface less than the first surface.

On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the orifice valve is provided with upper channel, groove and the lower channel being sequentially connected, The upper channel is located between the bonnet and the valve body, and the bonnet is outer with the valve body with the opposite face of the valve seat The groove is formed between surface, the lower channel, throttling described in the upper channel UNICOM are provided between the valve seat and valve body Hole and the groove, through hole and the groove described in the lower channel UNICOM.

On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the throttle orifice of first orifice valve is located at the described first damping chamber one Side, the through hole of first orifice valve is located at the described second damping chamber side, the groove of first orifice valve and institute State and form first passage between piston, the upper channel of the first orifice valve described in the first passage UNICOM and first orifice valve Lower channel；

The throttle orifice of second orifice valve is located at the described second damping chamber side, the through hole position of second orifice valve In the described first damping chamber side, second channel is formed between the groove and the piston of second orifice valve, institute State the lower channel of the upper channel of the second orifice valve described in second channel UNICOM and second orifice valve.

On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the damper body includes cylindric gray iron, the first cylinder sleeve and the Two cylinder sleeves, the cylinder cap is installed on the cylinder body two ends and encloses the inner chamber, and the piston rod runs through cylinder cap described in connection two, The piston is installed between the piston rod and the cylinder body, and positioned at the middle part of the cylinder body；

First cylinder sleeve is sheathed on the cylinder body and is close near one end of the described first damping chamber, and the piston rod One end of the first damping chamber connects first cylinder sleeve, and the second cylinder sleeve is connected with the other end of the cylinder body.

Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：

(1) method for designing of the multi-functional viscous damper of a kind of variable element of the invention, according to the resistance of damper with viscosity Buddhist nun's coefficient C_iWith Rate Index α_iChange with the change of orifice valve speed V, the constitutive relation curve of viscous damper is divided into In 3 stages, each stage, corresponding viscous damper was applicable a kind of working condition, it is to avoid the single speed of traditional viscous damper The drawbacks of index variation, damping force also very little is realized in the case of various functions, speed very little on single viscous damper, kept away The major injury that warm cause stress concentration and warm mutagens shape are caused to bridge is exempted from；In the case of speed is less, damping force can be compared with Increase to a larger numerical value soon, advantageously reduce the displacement that the external loads such as wind shake, skidding cause, prevent viscous resistance Buddhist nun's device, expansion gap device occur to early fatigue rupture；In the case that speed is larger, viscous damper damping force with speed increase compared with It is uniform increase, it is to avoid almost stop increased phenomenon in high velocity damping force when Rate Index is smaller and occur, be conducive to carrying The anti-seismic performance of bridge structure high.

(2) circumferential weld is formed between the curved end of orifice valve and the hole wall of throttle orifice of viscous damper in the present invention, and The change of the depth location entered in throttle orifice with curved end, the change width of circumferential weld, compared to the circumferential weld of single-width, this The function of the damper of invention is more, and the scope of application is wider；When realizing that brake load is controlled, it is to avoid installation various viscous resistances Buddhist nun's device and speed locking device, install and later maintenance is simpler, reduce instrument purchase cost.

(3) curved end of the orifice valve in the present invention is designed to three sections of different curved surfaces of curvature, and the stress of orifice valve exists Each sections is different, can be applicable and various be unable to scene.

(4) viscous damper in the present invention, with the change in location that curved end enters in throttle orifice, the width of circumferential weld Also change therewith, when the speed of damper with viscosity is extremely low, the circumferential weld width of orifice valve is maximum, and the damping for flowing through orifice valve is situated between Mass flow speed is slightly lower, and the now slow motion of damper with viscosity will not produce larger damping force；When the speed of damper with viscosity When degree somewhat increases, the width of circumferential weld diminishes, and the resisting medium flow velocity for flowing through orifice valve is very fast so that the damping of viscous damper Power can increase to a higher value, be prevented from viscous damper and fatigue damage occurs to early；When the speed of damper with viscosity Degree is when persistently increasing, and the width increase of circumferential weld, the resisting medium flow velocity for flowing through orifice valve is uniform, the damping force of viscous damper with The increase of speed and it is uniform, the scope that same viscous damper can be applicable is wider, increased the service life of viscous damper, Improve the anti-seismic performance of bridge simultaneously.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of this structure curve in the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of this structure curvilinear equation structure in the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of orifice valve in the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the close-up schematic view of the curved end of orifice valve in the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of viscous damper in the embodiment of the present invention.

In figure：1- orifice valves, 10- bonnets, 11- throttle orifices, 12- valve bodies, 13- valve seats, 14- through holes, 141- upper channels, 142- lower channels, 15- valve elements, 16- curved ends, 161- first surfaces, the second curved surfaces of 162- 162, the curved surfaces of 163- the 3rd, 17- Groove, 18- springs, 2- damper bodies, 3- piston rods, the damping chambers of 4- first, the damping chambers of 5- second, 6- first is damped Valve, the orifice valves of 7- second, 8- first passages, 9- second channels, 20- cylinder bodies, 21- cylinder caps, the cylinder sleeves of 22- first, the cylinders of 23- second Set, 24- universal spherical joints.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method for designing of the multi-functional damper with viscosity of variable element, according to visous damping The damped coefficient C of device_iWith Rate Index α_iChange with the change of orifice valve speed V, by the constitutive relation curve of viscous damper Some stages are divided into, the arc-shaped curved surface of orifice valve in the viscous damper according to constitutive relation Curve Design.Specific steps It is as follows：

S1, the damped coefficient C according to damper with viscosity_iWith Rate Index α_iWith the situation of change of orifice valve speed V, will The damping force of damper with viscosity uses piecewise function to be expressed as follows for formula I：

According to piecewise function design damper with viscosity described in orifice valve three sections of curved surfaces, and stage i segmentation letter Number correspondence first surface, piecewise function second curved surface of correspondence of phase il, the piecewise function correspondence the 3rd of ii I-stage is bent Face；

Wherein i=1,2,3, F₁、C₁、α₁Damping force, damped coefficient and the speed of the viscous damper of stage i are represented respectively Degree index, F₂、C₂、α₂Damping force, damped coefficient and the Rate Index of the viscous damper of phase il, F are represented respectively₃、C₃、α₃ Damping force, damped coefficient and the Rate Index of the viscous damper of ii I-stage are represented respectively, and sign () is sign function, resistance Buddhist nun's valve speed V, V_maxIt is the piston movement maximal rate of damper with viscosity；

Determine the parameter of the corresponding viscous damper of three sections of curved surfaces of this structure curve：

The orifice valve speed V of stage i, the IIth stage and the IIIth stage corresponding viscous damper, respectively | V |≤ 0.005V_max、0.005V_max＜ | V |≤0.2V_max, | V | ＞ 0.2V_max, V_maxIt is the maximum speed of the piston movement of damper with viscosity Degree；

It is α that the value of the Rate Index of stage i, the IIth stage and the IIIth stage corresponding viscous damper is respectively₁ ≥1、0.25≥α₂>=0.1,1.0 ＞ α₃＞ 0.25；

The damped coefficient C of stage i, the IIth stage and the IIIth stage corresponding viscous damper₁、C₂And C₃Value by Bridge structure characteristic is determined with Seismic Design Requirements.

It is shown in Figure 2, comprising the following steps that for constitutive relation curve is built in S1：

S10, Aseismic Design is carried out using the viscous damper of preset parameter, selectes required required design ginseng Number, including preset parameter viscous damper damped coefficient C₀, Rate Index α₀, maximum damping force F_0maxAnd range；

S11, determines the parameter of the corresponding viscous damper of three sections of curved surfaces, C₁=μ₁C₀, α₁>=1, whereinIt is regulation coefficient, recommends α₁=2.0；C₂=μ₂C₀Wherein It is regulation coefficient, α₂Span be 0.1≤α₂＜ 0.25, recommends α₂=0.1；C₃、α₃Take former design parameter, i.e. C₃=C₀, α₃ =α₀；

S12, according to the Rate Index α for determining₂、α₃Speed-damping force the relation curve after 1 normalization is drawn respectively, then It is α Rate Index₂Curve be multiplied by regulation coefficient μ₂So that curve and Rate Index after adjustment are α₃Curve meet at 0.2V_max.Similarly, it is α Rate Index₁Curve be multiplied by regulation coefficient μ₁A Rate Index can also be obtained for α₁Adjustment Curve.This structure curve of the multi-functional viscous damper of variable element form of construction is shown in shown in solid in Fig. 1, including 3 stages：Rank Section I is that the Rate Index after adjustment is α₁The initial segment of curve, 0~0.005V of abscissa correspondence_max；Stage II is Rate Index It is α₂Adjust the interlude of curve, abscissa correspondence 0.005V_max~0.2V_max；Stage III is that Rate Index is α₃The tail of curve Section, abscissa correspondence 0.2V_max~V_max；

S13, obtains t_kThe real-time speed of viscous damper during the moment；

S14, the speed V sizes according to viscous damper select different damper mechanics parameters：

As | V |≤0.005V_maxWhen, this structure curve of viscous damper corresponds to stage I, and now damping force is

Work as 0.005V_max≤|V|≤0.2V_maxWhen, this structure curve of viscous damper corresponds to the stage II, and now damping force is

As | V | ＞ 0.2V_maxWhen, this structure curve of viscous damper corresponds to the stage III, and now damping force is

Whether S15, the review time terminates, if not terminating, makes t_k=t_k+ Δ t, reenters step S13~S15.

S2, it is known that the flow of the circumferential weld by being formed between the curved end and throttle orifice of valve element It is formula II, wherein δ is the width of the circumferential weld of formation between the curved end and throttle orifice of valve element, and D is the diameter of throttle orifice, μ It is resisting medium viscosity, l is the length of the curved end of valve element, and Δ P is the pressure of the first damping chamber and the second damping chamber Difference；Known Q=AV is formula III, and wherein A is piston area, and V is orifice valve speed；Derived by formula II and formula IIIIt is formula IV, wherein F is the damping force of damper with viscosity；

The both sides of formula IV are integrated and obtained by S3 simultaneouslyIt is formula V；

S4, is derived by formula I and formula V

Be formula VI, according to formula VI calculate the curved end of valve element with The width δ of the circumferential weld formed between throttle orifice；

S5, usesFormula VI is substituted into, high order fitting, wherein x are carried out with coordinate to δ^jIt is Fitting Coordinate System, b_jIt is fitting coefficient, n is the positive integer more than or equal to 4, obtains the corresponding matched curve of three sections of curved surfaces of curved end.

Corresponding first surface correspondence orifice valve speed | V |≤0.005V of stage i_max, viscous damper Rate Index Value be α₁>=1, recommend α₁=2.0；V_maxThe piston movement maximal rate of damper with viscosity, C₁=μ₁C₀, whereinIn this stage, damping force increases ground very slowly, is constantly in relatively low number Value so that viscous damper does not produce larger damping force under the slow motion that temperature change causes, and efficiently avoid temperature Cause the major injury that stress concentration and warm mutagens shape are caused to bridge.

IIth stage corresponding second curved surface pair answers orifice valve speed 0.005V_max≤|V|≤0.2V_max, viscous damping The value of the Rate Index of device is 0.25 >=α₂>=0.1, the corresponding damped coefficient C of the second curved surface₂=μ₂C₀, whereinHad an effect comparatively fast in this stage damping power, a larger numerical value is rapidly increased to the increase of speed.This The damping force in stage increases along the less curve of Rate Index, and circumferential weld width where the second curved surface of damper with viscosity subtracts It is small so that damping force can be increased rapidly to a larger numerical value, advantageously reduce the external loads such as wind shake, skidding and cause Displacement, prevent viscous damper, expansion gap device from fatigue rupture occurs to early.

Corresponding orifice valve speed | V | ＞ 0.2V of IIIth stage corresponding 3rd curved surface_max, the speed of viscous damper refers to Several values is 1.0 ＞ α₃＞ 0.25.Slow down compared with the second curved surface in this stage damping power speed of having an effect, damper with viscosity The 3rd curved surface where circumferential weld compare circumferential weld width increase where the second curved surface so that damping force can be with the increase of speed More equably increase, be conducive to improving the anti-seismic performance of bridge.

Referring to shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, a kind of multi-functional damper with viscosity of variable element, including：

Inner chamber is provided with damper body 2, damper body 2；

With the piston rod 3 in damper body 2；

The inner chamber of damper body 2 is divided into the first damping chamber 4 and the second resistance by the piston being connected with piston rod 3, piston Buddhist nun's chamber 5, resisting medium is filled with the first damping damping chamber 5 of chamber 4 and second；

Two orifice valves 1 on piston, respectively the first orifice valve 6 and the second orifice valve 7 are installed on, the orifice valve 1 includes：

Bonnet 10, bonnet 10 is in the form of annular discs, is set along the axis of disk, there is throttle orifice 11；

Valve body 12, valve body 12 is cylindrical, and the bottom of valve body 12 is provided with valve seat 13, and valve seat 13 is in the form of annular discs, along disk Axis be provided with through hole 14, valve seat 13 and bonnet 10 respectively positioned at the two ends of valve body 12, bonnet 10 with diameter greater than valve body 12 Diameter forms one and encloses step, and the diameter with diameter greater than valve body 12 of valve seat 13 forms one and encloses step, bonnet along the edge of valve body 12 Groove 17 is formed between 10 step and the step of valve seat 13 and the outer surface of valve body 12；Footpath is provided between bonnet 10 and valve body 12 To upper channel 141, the groove 17 outside the UNICOM's throttle orifice 11 of upper channel 141 and valve body 12；Set between valve seat 13 and valve body 12 There are the lower channel 142 of radial direction, the UNICOM's through hole 14 of lower channel 142 and groove 17.

Valve element 15, valve element 15 is installed in valve body 12, and spring 18, the end of valve element 15 are provided between valve element 15 and valve seat 13 Curved end 16 is provided with, valve element 15 can be moved back and forth in valve body 12, when curved end 16 is moved in throttle orifice 11, arc End face 16 and throttle orifice 11 are towards forming circumferential weld between the hole wall of the one end of valve body 12, and end with curved end 16 enters throttling Change in depth in hole, the change width of circumferential weld.

Curved end 16 includes three sections of curved surfaces being sequentially connected, respectively first surface 161, the second curved surface 162 and the 3rd Curved surface 163, and first surface 161 is near the side of bonnet 10.The curvature of the second curved surface 162 is less than the 3rd curved surface in the present embodiment 163 curvature, the curvature of the curvature less than first surface 161 of the 3rd curved surface 163.

The throttle orifice 11 of the first orifice valve 6 is located at the first damping chamber 4 side, and the through hole 14 of the first orifice valve 6 is located at the Two damping chamber 5 sides, form first passage 8, the UNICOM first of first passage 8 between the groove 17 and piston of the first orifice valve 6 The lower channel of the upper channel of orifice valve 6 and the first orifice valve 6；

When piston is to the first damping 4 one side shifting of chamber, the resisting medium in the first damping chamber 4 is through the first orifice valve 6 throttle orifice 11, upper channel 141, first passage 8, lower channel 142 and through hole 14 enter second and damp chamber 5；

The throttle orifice 11 of the second orifice valve 7 is located at the second damping chamber 5 side, and the through hole 14 of the second orifice valve 7 is located at the One damping chamber 4 side, forms second channel 9, the UNICOM second of second channel 9 between the groove 17 and piston of the second orifice valve 7 The lower channel 142 of the orifice valve 7 of upper channel 141 and second of orifice valve 7.

Resisting medium in second damping chamber 5 through the throttle orifice 11 of the second orifice valve 7, upper channel 141, second channel 9, Lower channel 142 and through hole 14 enter first and damp chamber 4, wherein, first passage 8 and second channel 9 are cylindrical, and first logical The axis of road 8 and second channel 9 and the diameter parallel of piston rod 3, respectively positioned at the both sides of piston rod 3.

Wherein, damper body 2 includes cylindric cylinder body 20, cylinder cap 21, the first cylinder sleeve 22 and the second cylinder sleeve 23, cylinder cap 21 It is installed on the two ends of cylinder body 20 and encloses inner chamber, piston rod 3 is installed on piston rod 3 and cylinder body 20 through two cylinder caps 21 of connection, piston Between, and positioned at the middle part of cylinder body 20；First cylinder sleeve 22 is sheathed on cylinder body 20 near one end of the first damping chamber 4, and piston Bar 3 connects the first cylinder sleeve 22 near one end of the first damping chamber 4, and the second cylinder sleeve 23 is connected with the other end of cylinder body 20, and first Universal spherical joint 24 is equipped with the cylinder sleeve 23 of cylinder sleeve 22 and second.

The curved end 16 of the orifice valve of the damper with viscosity in the present embodiment includes three sections of curved surfaces being sequentially connected, point Not Wei first surface 161, the second curved surface 162 and the 3rd curved surface 163, and first surface 161 is near the side of bonnet 10, the second curved surface 162 curvature is less than the curvature of the 3rd curved surface 163, the curvature of the curvature less than first surface 161 of the 3rd curved surface 163.Root Speed-damping curve is constructed according to the Rate Index and damping of the preset parameter of damper with viscosity i.e., then this structure curve is drawn It was divided into for three stages, respectively stage I, stage II and stage III.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, for those skilled in the art, is not departing from On the premise of the principle of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection of the invention Within the scope of.The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to prior art known to professional and technical personnel in the field.

Claims (10)

1. the method for designing of the multi-functional viscous damper of a kind of variable element, it is characterised in that：According to the damping of damper with viscosity Coefficient C_iWith Rate Index α_iChange with the change of orifice valve speed V, if the constitutive relation curve of viscous damper is divided into Dry stage, the arc-shaped curved surface of orifice valve in the viscous damper according to constitutive relation Curve Design.

2. a kind of method for designing of the multi-functional viscous damper of variable element as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that specific step It is rapid as follows：

S1, the damped coefficient C according to damper with viscosity_iWith Rate Index α_iChange with the change of orifice valve speed V, will be viscous The F of stickiness damper_iDamping force uses piecewise function to be expressed as follows for formula I：

$F_i=C_i{V}^{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_i}sign\left(V\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}{C}_1|V{|}^{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1}sign\left(V\right)& \left|V\right|\&le;0.005V_{\max }\\ C_2|V{|}^{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2}sign\left(V\right)& 0.005V_{\max }<\left|V\right|\&le;0.2V_{\max }\\ C_3|V{|}^{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_3}sign\left(V\right)& \left|V\right|>0.2V_{\max }\end{array}\right.$

The curved end for designing damper with viscosity according to piecewise function includes three sections of curved surfaces, respectively first surface, the second song Face and the 3rd curved surface, and the piecewise function of stage i corresponds to first surface, the piecewise function of phase il corresponds to the second curved surface, Piecewise function the 3rd curved surface of correspondence of ii I-stage；

Wherein i=1,2,3, F₁、C₁、α₁Represent that damping force, damped coefficient and the speed of the viscous damper of stage i refer to respectively Number, F₂、C₂、α₂Damping force, damped coefficient and the Rate Index of the viscous damper of phase il, F are represented respectively₃、C₃、α₃Respectively Damping force, damped coefficient and the Rate Index of the viscous damper of ii I-stage are represented, sign () is sign function, and V is resistance Buddhist nun's valve speed, V_maxIt is the piston movement maximal rate of damper with viscosity；

S2, it is known that the flow of the circumferential weld by being formed between the curved end and throttle orifice of valve elementFor Formula II, wherein δ are the width of the circumferential weld of formation between the curved end and throttle orifice of valve element, and D is the diameter of throttle orifice, and μ is Resisting medium viscosity, l is the length of the curved end of valve element, and Δ P is the pressure difference of the first damping chamber and the second damping chamber； Known Q=AV is formula III, and wherein A is piston area, and V is orifice valve speed；Derived by formula II and formula IIIIt is formula IV, wherein F is the damping force of damper with viscosity；

The both sides of formula IV are integrated and obtained by S3 simultaneouslyIt is formula V；

S4, is derived by formula I and formula V It is formula VI, the width δ of the circumferential weld formed between the curved end of valve element and throttle orifice is calculated according to formula VI；

S4, usesFormula VI is substituted into, high order fitting, wherein x are carried out with coordinate to δ^jIt is Fitting Coordinate System, b_jTo intend Syzygy number, n is the positive integer more than or equal to 4, obtains the corresponding matched curve of three sections of curved surfaces of curved end.

3. a kind of method for designing of the multi-functional viscous damper of variable element as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Determine three The parameter of the corresponding viscous damper of section curved surface；

The orifice valve speed V of stage i, the IIth stage and the IIIth stage corresponding viscous damper, respectively | V |≤ 0.005V_max、0.005V_max＜ | V |≤0.2V_max, | V ＞ 0.2V_max, V_maxIt is the maximum speed of the piston movement of damper with viscosity Degree；

The value of the Rate Index of stage i, the IIth stage and the IIIth stage corresponding viscous damper is respectively α₁≥1、0.25 ≥α₂>=0.1,1.0 ＞ α₃＞ 0.25；

The damped coefficient C of stage i, the IIth stage and the IIIth stage corresponding viscous damper₁、C₂And C₃Value by bridge Architectural characteristic and Seismic Design Requirements are determined.

4. a kind of method for designing of the multi-functional viscous damper of variable element as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：

The first surface correspondence viscous damper of the viscous damper the extremely low situation of speed be | V |≤ 0.005V_max, now damping force is minimum, and the viscous damper will not produce larger under the slow motion that temperature change causes Damping force；

The second curved surface correspondence viscous damper of the viscous damper is 0.005V in the relatively low situation of speed_max＜ | V | ≤0.2V_max, now along the less curve increase of Rate Index, damping force can be increased rapidly to a larger number to damping force Value；

The 3rd curved surface correspondence viscous damper of the viscous damper is | V | ＞ 0.2V in the larger situation of speed_max, now Damping force increases along the larger curve of Rate Index, damping force more uniform increase with the increase of speed.

5. the multi-functional viscous damper of a kind of variable element, it is characterised in that including

Inner chamber is provided with damper body (2), the damper body (2)；

With the piston rod (3) in the damper body (2)；

The inner chamber of the damper body (2) is divided into the first damping cavity by the piston being connected with the piston rod (3), the piston Room (4) and the second damping chamber (5), resisting medium is filled with first damping chamber (4) and the second damping chamber (5)；

Orifice valve (1) described in two on the piston is installed on, the orifice valve (1) includes：Bonnet (10), the bonnet (10) Throttle orifice (11) is provided with, valve body (12), the bottom of the valve body (12) is provided with valve seat (13), and the seat bottom portion is provided with through hole (14), the valve seat (13) and bonnet (10) be respectively positioned at the two ends of the valve body (12), the throttle orifice (11) and described leads to Hole (14) UNICOM；Valve element (15), the valve element (15) is installed in the valve body (12), and the end of the valve element (15) is provided with arc Shape end face (16), the valve element (15) can be reciprocal in the valve body (12), when the curved end (16) is moved to the section When discharge orifice (11) is interior, the curved end (16) and the throttle orifice (11) towards shape between the hole wall of the valve body (12) one end Into circumferential weld, and the change in location entered in the throttle orifice (11) with the curved end (16), the change width of the circumferential weld；

Orifice valve described in two (1), respectively the first orifice valve (6) and the second orifice valve (7), the first orifice valve (6) and the second resistance The first damping chamber (4) described in UNICOM and second damps chamber (5) to Buddhist nun's valve (7) respectively, first orifice valve (6) and described the The setting direction of two orifice valves (7) is opposite.

6. a kind of multi-functional viscous damper of variable element as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The curved end (16) Including three sections of curved surfaces being sequentially connected, respectively first surface (161), the second curved surface (162) and the 3rd curved surface (163), and institute First surface (161) is stated near the bonnet (10) side, and the first surface (161), the second curved surface (162) and the 3rd are bent The curvature in face (163) is unequal.

7. a kind of multi-functional viscous damper of variable element as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：

The curvature of second curved surface (162) is less than the curvature of the 3rd curved surface (163), the song of the 3rd curved surface (163) Curvature of the rate less than the first surface (161).

8. a kind of multi-functional viscous damper of variable element as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：

The orifice valve (1) is provided with upper channel (141), groove (17) and the lower channel (142) being sequentially connected, the upper channel (141) between the bonnet (10) and the valve body (13), the opposite face of the bonnet (10) and the valve seat (13) with The groove (17) is formed between the outer surface of the valve body (12), be provided between the valve seat (13) and valve body (12) it is described under Passage (142), throttle orifice (11) and the groove (17) described in upper channel (141) UNICOM, lower channel (142) UNICOM The through hole (14) and the groove (17).

9. a kind of multi-functional viscous damper of variable element as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：

The throttle orifice (11) of first orifice valve (6) is positioned at described first damping chamber (4) side, first orifice valve (6) through hole (14) is positioned at described second damping chamber (5) side, the groove (17) of first orifice valve (6) and institute State and first passage (8) is formed between piston, the upper channel of the first orifice valve (6) described in first passage (8) UNICOM and described The lower channel of the first orifice valve (6)；

The throttle orifice (11) of second orifice valve (7) is positioned at described second damping chamber (5) side, second orifice valve (7) through hole (14) is positioned at described first damping chamber (4) side, the groove (17) of second orifice valve (7) and institute State and second channel (9) is formed between piston, the upper channel of the second orifice valve (7) described in second channel (9) UNICOM and described The lower channel of the second orifice valve (7).

10. a kind of multi-functional viscous damper of variable element as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：

The damper body (2) includes cylindric cylinder body (20), cylinder cap (21), the first cylinder sleeve (22) and the second cylinder sleeve (23), The cylinder cap (21) is installed on the cylinder body (20) two ends and encloses the inner chamber, and the piston rod (3) is through described in connection two Cylinder cap (21), the piston is installed between the piston rod (3) and the cylinder body (20), and in the cylinder body (20) Portion；

First cylinder sleeve (22) is sheathed on the cylinder body (20) near one end of the described first damping chamber (4), and the work Stopper rod (3) connects first cylinder sleeve (22), the second cylinder sleeve (23) and the cylinder near one end of the described first damping chamber (4) The other end of body (20) is connected.