CN106835791A - A kind of method that fibrous material is prepared with cotton stalk - Google Patents
A kind of method that fibrous material is prepared with cotton stalk Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106835791A CN106835791A CN201710008213.2A CN201710008213A CN106835791A CN 106835791 A CN106835791 A CN 106835791A CN 201710008213 A CN201710008213 A CN 201710008213A CN 106835791 A CN106835791 A CN 106835791A
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- Prior art keywords
- cotton stalk
- prepared
- fibrous material
- core
- rub
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
- D21B1/30—Defibrating by other means
- D21B1/36—Explosive disintegration by sudden pressure reduction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
- B27N1/006—Pretreatment of moulding material for increasing resistance to swelling by humidity
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/06—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods
Abstract
It is a kind of method that fibrous material is prepared with cotton stalk the invention belongs to fibrous material field.Including:(1) crush:Will be by or without the separate cotton crushed stalk of core-skin to the 15mm of particle diameter 5;(2) sieve:Sieve the material of 5 15mm and remove dust;(3) swollen is heated:Add water, be heated to 70 100 DEG C of abundant swollens;(4) once rub:Machinery is rubbed makes preliminary brooming;(5) Hong quick-fried treatment:Closed pressure vessel is inserted, high steam is passed through, 1.0 2.5MPa air pressure is kept 5 15 minutes, material and steam pressure release are discharged within 60 75ms times to atmospheric pressure, material is produced;(6) it is secondary to rub:Machinery adds water extruding after rubbing;(7) wash:Removal catabolite obtains fibrous material;(8) it is dehydrated;(9) dry;Fibrous material specific surface area prepared by the present invention is high, and wellability is high, and plastic mixing process median surface compatibility is obviously improved, and bond strength is significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
It is a kind of method that fibrous material is prepared with cotton stalk the invention belongs to fibre reinforced composites technical field.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, possesses abundant agricultural leftover material source, and annual surplus materials, up to more than 700,000,000 tons, is huge
Big renewable resource, wherein having, 40% stalk is idle to be wasted or on-site incineration, causes serious air environmental pollution.
Effective comprehensive utilization in agricultural leftover material source, is the important topic for being related to environment and energy problem.And utilize crops fine
Dimension, exploitation stalk compound material will turn into one of grand strategy decision-making of China's this century timber industry sustainable development.
Stalk compound material is developed on an unprecedented scale by studying in a century with application, agronomic crop fibre composite.Straw
Stalk composite enhancing selection early stage is based on bagasse, waste of flax.Subsequent maize straw, cotton stalk turn into research emphasis, two
The plate property for planting raw material production is excellent.Although cotton stalk fibre is similar to broad-leaved wood, polysaccharide and ash in chemical composition
Point content is higher, and the sheet material waterproof fungicidal properties of preparation is poor, causes it to make full use of value.(1) its main cause is ash
Part up to 9.47%, wherein the inorganic matter based on silica forms nonpolar surface structure in string, have impact on
The absorption of adhesive and the formation of hydrogen bond, so as to reduce the adhesion of fiber and adhesive, so as to cause internal bond strength to drop
Low, nail-holding ability is poor, and secondary operation veneer easily comes off.(2) the 1%NaOH extract concentrations for using are up to 40.23%, and this gives stalk
The manufacture of composite brings two problems, and in one hot pressing, low intermediate carbohydrate is easily decomposed, and produces amylan,
Template easy to stick and prepared sheet material water-resistance is poor, secondly it is rotten easily to be gone mouldy during the storage of cotton stalk fibre.(3) pentosan
Content is high, and mold sticking is also easy to produce in hot pressing, and internal bond and water proofing property all affect adversely.For this is producing cotton
, it is necessary to reference to its feature in the method for stalk fibre, find out rational process, maximized comprehensive utilization cotton straw into
It is the problem for being currently needed for solving.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method that fibrous material is prepared with cotton stalk, low-carb in can effectively degrading
And pentosan content, while inorganic matter therein is dissociated separating out, prepare the composite wood with high-specific surface area, wellability high
Material fibrous material, subsequently to prepare that can effectively improve adhesive in the glue-applying technique of composite compatible with fiber interface
Property, so that the significantly bond strength between the two interface of increase.
Generally, biological material is made up of the plant tissue that various plant cells are constituted, and mainly has xylem, bast
Deng, mainly it is made up of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose, lignin is hard, usually constitutes the skeleton of plant, cellulose
And hemicellulose(Low polymer)Constitute the cell membrane of plant, plant under uniform temperature and pressure, macromolecule
In inside connecting key be interrupted, be cracked into small molecule, cell membrane is partly broken, and fibre bundle is dissociated into fiber fines, increase
Specific surface area.
The technical scheme is that:
A kind of method that fibrous material is prepared with cotton stalk, implements as follows:
(1) crush:By cotton stalk, the cladding and core material difference powder for separating and removing peach by core-skin, obtain after leaf, withe
The broken cladding and core material for obtaining particle diameter 5-15mm, or separated without core-skin and directly input pulverizer and crushed, obtain grain
The non-separating material of footpath 5-15mm;
(2) sieve:Step (1) resulting material is screened out the qualified material of particle diameter 5-15mm, while removing dust;
(3) swollen is heated:Adjustment water content makes its abundant swollen to 50%wt, heated material to 70-100 DEG C of temperature is less than;
(4) once rub:Machinery is rubbed makes the fibre bundle in material tentatively dissociate, preliminary brooming;
(5) Hong quick-fried treatment:To rub one or more mixed material in the dipped cladding of heap, core material and non-separating material insert it is close
Close in pressure vessel, be passed through high steam temperature-pressure, keep 1.0-2.5MPa air pressure 5-15 minutes, pass through in 60-75ms
To atmospheric pressure, material is produced for disengaged vapor and material pressure release simultaneously;
(6) it is secondary to rub:Machinery is rubbed, and the fibre bundle in stalk is fully dissociated, by adding water, extruding, by Partial digestion product
Removed with ash content;
(7) wash:Catabolite is further separated by washing, ash content is washed out;
(8) it is dehydrated:Dehydration, makes moisture be down to 20-30%wt;
(9) dry:Drying, makes that cotton stalk fibre homogeneous is fluffy, and moisture is down to 7-10%wt, obtains finished product cotton stalk fibre.
Present invention additionally comprises optimization or/and improvement have:
One of preferred scheme:In the step (2) by size more than 15mm unqualified material return to step (1) pulverizer after
Continued powder is broken, and the unqualified material by size less than 5mm is discarded;
The two of preferred scheme:Particle diameter in the step (1) and step (2) is 8-12mm;
The three of preferred scheme:Flotation step is added after the step (2):Qualified material is entered into water-filling flotation, by cotton stalk core
The magazines such as marrow, waxy peel are removed;
The four of preferred scheme:Heating-up temperature is to 80-100 DEG C in the step (3);
The five of preferred scheme:Adjustment water content in the step (3) heating swollen include soaking water suction or enter
Row dehydration.
Implementing the beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is:
The present invention can effectively destroy natural lignin, cellulose and the hemicellulose structure of cotton stalk, make the inside in macromolecule
Connecting key is interrupted, and is cracked into small molecule, and fibre bundle is dissociated into fiber fines, increased specific surface area.Can effectively drop simultaneously
Low-carb and pentosan content in solution, while inorganic matter therein is dissociated separating out.Using prepared by the present invention being combined
Material fibrous material has high-specific surface area and wellability high, in the glue-applying technique for subsequently preparing composite adhesive with
The compatibility of fiber interface is significantly increased, and bond strength is significantly increased, and the performance such as composite material strength is more excellent.
After testing, the specific surface area for implementing the present embodiment gained cotton stem fibric material expands 20 compared with common cotton stalk fibre
More than times, 1200.4-2261.1m is reached2/g;20% binding agent is added to be made reinforcing fiber composite board, its bending strength reaches
To 30-40MPa, significantly more than the Standard 22MPa of common medium and high density fibre panel bending strength.
Technical scheme is described in detail with reference to embodiment.
Brief description of the drawings
Nothing.
Specific embodiment
To make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical scheme, below with embodiment the present invention is made into
One step ground is described in detail.
Embodiment 1 takes 1.5 tons of cotton stalk, implements according to the following steps:
(1) crush:Cotton stalk is separated to directly input pulverizer and crush without core-skin and obtains not dividing for particle diameter 5-15mm
From material;
(2) sieve:Step (1) resulting material is screened out the qualified material of particle diameter 5-15mm, while removing dust;Size is big
Pulverizer is returned in the unqualified material of 15mm to continue to crush, the unqualified material by size less than 5mm is discarded;
Flotation step is added after step (2):Qualified material is entered into water-filling flotation, the magazines such as cotton stalk core marrow, waxy peel are removed.
Dehydration is added after flotation step:Material after flotation is carried out into dewater treatment, 50%wt is less than to moisture;
(3) swollen is heated:Adjustment water content makes its abundant swollen to 50%wt, heated material to 70-100 DEG C of temperature is less than;
(4) once rub:Machinery is rubbed makes the fibre bundle in material tentatively dissociate, preliminary brooming;
(5) Hong quick-fried treatment:The dipped material of heap will be rubbed to insert in closed pressure vessel, high steam temperature-pressure is passed through, protected
Hold 1.0-2.5MPa air pressure 5-15 minutes, disengaged vapor simultaneously and material pressure release to air binder, material are passed through in 60-75ms
Produce;
(6) it is secondary to rub:Machinery is rubbed, and the fibre bundle in stalk is fully dissociated, by adding water, extruding, by Partial digestion product
Removed with ash content;
(7) wash:Catabolite is further separated by washing, ash content is washed out;
(8) it is dehydrated:Dehydration, makes moisture be down to 20-30%wt;
(9) dry:Drying, makes that cotton stalk fibre homogeneous is fluffy, and moisture is down to 7-10%wt, obtains finished product cotton stalk fibre 1.0
Ton.
After testing, the specific surface area for implementing the present embodiment gained cotton stem fibric material expands 20 compared with common cotton stalk fibre
More than times, 1963m is reached2/g;20% binding agent is added to be made reinforcing fiber composite board, its bending strength reaches 35MPa,
Significantly more than the Standard 22MPa of common medium and high density fibre panel bending strength.
Embodiment 2 takes 1.5 tons of cotton stalk, implements according to the following steps:
(1) crush:The cladding input pulverizer for separating and removing peach cotton stalk by core-skin, obtain after leaf, withe carries out powder
It is broken to obtain particle diameter 8-12mm claddings;
(2) sieve:Step (1) resulting material is screened out the qualified material of particle diameter 8-12mm, while removing dust;Size is big
Pulverizer is returned in the unqualified material of 12mm to continue to crush, the unqualified material by size less than 8mm is discarded;
(3) swollen is heated:Adjustment water content makes its abundant swollen to 50%wt, heated material to 70-100 DEG C of temperature is less than;
(4) once rub:Machinery is rubbed makes the fibre bundle in material tentatively dissociate, preliminary brooming;
(5) Hong quick-fried treatment:The dipped material of heap will be rubbed to insert in closed pressure vessel, high steam temperature-pressure is passed through, protected
Hold 1.0-2.5MPa air pressure 5-15 minutes, by the way that disengaged vapor and material pressure release are to atmospheric pressure simultaneously in 60-75ms, material is quick-fried
Go out;
(6) it is secondary to rub:Machinery is rubbed, and the fibre bundle in stalk is fully dissociated, by adding water, extruding, by Partial digestion product
Removed with ash content;
(7) wash:Catabolite is further separated by washing, ash content is washed out;
(8) it is dehydrated:Dehydration, makes moisture be down to 20-30%wt;
(9) dry:Drying, makes that cotton stalk fibre homogeneous is fluffy, and moisture is down to 7-10%wt, obtains finished product cotton stalk fibre 1.0
Ton.
After testing, the specific surface area for implementing the present embodiment gained cotton stem fibric material expands 20 compared with common cotton stalk fibre
More than times, 2260m is reached2/g;20% binding agent is added to be made reinforcing fiber composite board, its bending strength reaches 40MPa,
Significantly more than the Standard 22MPa of common medium and high density fibre panel bending strength.
Embodiment 3 takes 1.5 tons of cotton stalk, implements according to the following steps:
(1) crush:The core material input pulverizer for separating and removing peach cotton stalk by core-skin, obtain after leaf, withe carries out powder
The broken core material for obtaining particle diameter 5-15mm;
(2) sieve:Step (1) resulting material is screened out the qualified material of particle diameter 5-15mm, while removing dust;
(3) swollen is heated:Adjustment water content makes its abundant swollen to 50%wt, heated material to 70-100 DEG C of temperature is less than;
(4) once rub:Machinery is rubbed makes the fibre bundle in material tentatively dissociate, preliminary brooming;
(5) Hong quick-fried treatment:The dipped material of heap will be rubbed to insert in closed pressure vessel, high steam temperature-pressure is passed through, protected
Hold 1.0-2.0MPa air pressure 5-10 minutes, by the way that disengaged vapor and material pressure release are to atmospheric pressure simultaneously in 60-75ms, material is quick-fried
Go out;
(6) it is secondary to rub:Machinery is rubbed, and the fibre bundle in stalk is fully dissociated, by adding water, extruding, by Partial digestion product
Removed with ash content;
(7) wash:Catabolite is further separated by washing, ash content is washed out;
(8) it is dehydrated:Dehydration, makes moisture be down to 20-30%wt;
(9) dry:Drying, makes that cotton stalk fibre homogeneous is fluffy, and moisture is down to 7-10%wt, obtains finished product cotton stalk fibre 1.2
Ton.
After testing, the specific surface area for implementing the present embodiment gained cotton stem fibric material expands 20 compared with common cotton stalk fibre
More than times, 1630m is reached2/g;20% binding agent is added to be made reinforcing fiber composite board, its bending strength reaches 31MPa,
Significantly more than the Standard 22MPa of common medium and high density fibre panel bending strength.
Embodiment 4 takes 3.0 tons of cotton stalk, implements according to the following steps:
(1) crush:3.0 tons of cotton stalk is taken, the skin for 2.0 tons therein being separated and removing peach by core-skin, is obtained after leaf, withe
Material and core material crush 0.8 ton of 0.7 ton of cladding and core material for obtaining particle diameter 5-15mm respectively, by 1.0 tons therein without core-skin
Separation directly inputs pulverizer and is crushed 0.7 ton of non-separating material, and qualified material particle diameter is 5-15mm;
(2) sieve:Step (1) resulting material is screened out the qualified material of particle diameter 5-15mm, while removing dust;Size is big
Pulverizer is returned in the unqualified material of 15mm to continue to crush, the unqualified material by size less than 5mm is discarded.Powder is removed simultaneously
Dirt;
(3) swollen is heated:Adjustment water content makes its abundant swollen to 50%wt, heated material to 70-100 DEG C of temperature is less than;
(4) once rub:Machinery is rubbed makes the fibre bundle in material tentatively dissociate, preliminary brooming;
(5) Hong quick-fried treatment:To rub one or more mixed material in the dipped cladding of heap, core material and non-separating material insert it is close
Close in pressure vessel, be passed through high steam temperature-pressure;
For non-separating material, 1.0-2.5MPa air pressure is kept 5-15 minutes, discharge material simultaneously in the 60-75ms times and steam is let out
It is depressed into atmospheric pressure;For core material, 1.0-2.0MPa air pressure is kept 5-10 minutes, material and steaming are discharged simultaneously in the 60-75ms times
Gas pressure release is to atmospheric pressure;For cladding, 1.5-2.5MPa air pressure is kept 10-15 minutes;
For non-separating material and the mixed material of cladding, 1.2-2.3MPa air pressure is kept 9-15 minutes, for non-separating material and core
Material, keeps 1.5-2.5MPa air pressure 10-15 minutes, mixed material or cladding, core material for cladding and core material and does not separate
Three's mixed material of material, keeps 1.3-1.9MPa air pressure 8-13 minutes;
Material and steam pressure release are discharged simultaneously to atmospheric pressure in the 60-75ms times, and material is produced;
(6) it is secondary to rub:Machinery is rubbed, and the fibre bundle in stalk is fully dissociated, by adding water, extruding, by Partial digestion product
Removed with ash content;
(7) wash:Catabolite is further separated by washing, ash content is washed out;
(8) it is dehydrated:Dehydration, makes moisture be down to 20-30%wt;
(9) dry:Drying, makes that cotton stalk fibre homogeneous is fluffy, and moisture is down to 7-10%wt, obtains finished product cotton stalk fibre 1.0
Ton.
After testing, the specific surface area for implementing the present embodiment gained cotton stem fibric material expands 20 compared with common cotton stalk fibre
More than times, 1200-2260m is reached2/g;20% binding agent is added to be made reinforcing fiber composite board, its bending strength reaches
30-40MPa, significantly more than the Standard 22MPa of common medium and high density fibre panel bending strength.
It is understood that the above example principle being intended to be merely illustrative of the present and the exemplary embodiment party for using
Formula, but the invention is not limited in this, implementer can technology according to the present invention scheme and actual conditions combination known technology
To determine specific embodiment.For those skilled in the art, spirit of the invention and reality are not being departed from
In the case of matter, various changes and modifications can be made therein, and increased these variations and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method that fibrous material is prepared with cotton stalk, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) crush:By cotton stalk, the cladding and core material difference powder for separating and removing peach by core-skin, obtain after leaf, withe
The broken cladding and core material for obtaining particle diameter 5-15mm, or separated without core-skin and directly input pulverizer and crushed, obtain grain
The non-separating material of footpath 5-15mm;
(2) sieve:Step (1) resulting material is screened out the qualified material of particle diameter 5-15mm, while removing dust;
(3) swollen is heated:Adjustment water content makes its abundant swollen to 50%wt, heated material to 70-100 DEG C of temperature is less than;
(4) once rub:Machinery is rubbed makes the fibre bundle in material tentatively dissociate, preliminary brooming;
(5) Hong quick-fried treatment:To rub one or more mixed material in the dipped cladding of heap, core material and non-separating material insert it is close
Close in pressure vessel, be passed through high steam temperature-pressure, keep 1.0-2.5MPa air pressure 5-15 minutes, pass through in 60-75ms
To atmospheric pressure, material is produced for disengaged vapor and material pressure release simultaneously;
(6) it is secondary to rub:Machinery is rubbed, and the fibre bundle in stalk is fully dissociated, by adding water, extruding, by Partial digestion product
Removed with ash content;
(7) wash:Catabolite is further separated by washing, ash content is washed out;
(8) it is dehydrated:Dehydration, makes moisture be down to 20-30%wt;
(9) dry:Drying, makes that cotton stalk fibre homogeneous is fluffy, and moisture is down to 7-10%wt.
2. a kind of method that fibrous material is prepared with cotton stalk according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
(2) unqualified material return to step (1) pulverizer in by size more than 15mm continues to crush, by size not conforming to less than 5mm
Lattice material is discarded.
3. a kind of method that fibrous material is prepared with cotton stalk according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
(1) particle diameter and in step (2) is 8-12mm.
4. a kind of method that fibrous material is prepared with cotton stalk according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
(3) heating-up temperature is to 80-100 DEG C in.
5. a kind of method that fibrous material is prepared with cotton stalk according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
(2) flotation step is added after:Qualified material is entered into water-filling flotation, the magazines such as cotton stalk core marrow, waxy peel are removed.
6. a kind of method that fibrous material is prepared with cotton stalk according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
(3) heating swollen in adjustment water content include soak water suction or be dehydrated.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109371076A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-22 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of research method improving cotton stalk biomass degradation and sugar alcohol transformation efficiency |
CN112553933A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-26 | 上海定业贸易有限公司 | Multi-section straw fiber slurry extraction method |
CN112663369A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-16 | 湖南登科材料科技有限公司 | Cotton processing system of maize straw based on intelligent control |
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CN101934548A (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2011-01-05 | 南京林业大学 | Artificial board and manufacturing method |
CN104594090A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-05-06 | 北京中金元龙科技开发有限公司 | Water-free explosion pulping process |
CN105216087A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2016-01-06 | 常州大学 | A kind of preparation method of novel disposable environmental protection appliance |
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DE4316861A1 (en) * | 1993-05-19 | 1994-11-24 | Lignotock Gmbh | Application of a method of high-pressure steam treatment |
WO2003092972A1 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2003-11-13 | K.C. Shen International Limited | Method for making dimensionally stable composite products from lignocellulosic material |
CN1786340A (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2006-06-14 | 山东丰源中科生态科技有限公司 | Corrugated paper produced by steam blasting straw to pulp and its production method |
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CN109371076A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-22 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of research method improving cotton stalk biomass degradation and sugar alcohol transformation efficiency |
CN112553933A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-26 | 上海定业贸易有限公司 | Multi-section straw fiber slurry extraction method |
CN112663369A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-16 | 湖南登科材料科技有限公司 | Cotton processing system of maize straw based on intelligent control |
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