CN106834840B - A kind of high intensity Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag systems magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high intensity Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag systems magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106834840B CN106834840B CN201710003372.3A CN201710003372A CN106834840B CN 106834840 B CN106834840 B CN 106834840B CN 201710003372 A CN201710003372 A CN 201710003372A CN 106834840 B CN106834840 B CN 106834840B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The present invention relates to one kind containing Sn, and the weight percent of Ca, the high-strength magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof of Ag elements, chemical composition composition are:The tin (Sn) of 4.0 10.0wt%, the calcium (Ca) of 0.5 3.0wt%, the silver (Ag) of 0.5 2.5wt%, remaining is magnesium (Mg) and trace impurity.Alloy preparation technology includes three melting, homogenization and solution treatment, ageing treatment steps.The alloy to the refining effect of the CaMgSn phases in Mg Sn Ca alloys and promotes Mg to the composite alloying of Mg Sn alloys by Ca, Ag using Ag2The dispersion-strengthened action of generation is precipitated in Sn phases, has played high-melting-point CaMgSn phases and Mg2The synergistic effect that Sn disperse educts are strengthened, reinforcing is with obvious effects, and hardness number of the alloy under 200 DEG C of aging temp is made to reach 81.7HV.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to non-ferrous metal structural material and field of metallurgy, and in particular to a kind of high intensity Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag systems
Magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy is gradually paid close attention to by the mankind as most light one of structural material, with society fast development,
Advantage is gradually found, and is come into operation.That the biggest advantage is to density is small for magnesium alloy, and with higher than strong
Degree and specific stiffness;In addition functionally, magnesium alloy has higher thermal conductivity, damping shock absorption, electromagnetic wave shielding;It is opened from market
It sends and says, magnesium occupies the third position of metal in earth rich reserves, while having the characteristics that easy to process and easy recycling, this makes
Obtaining magnesium alloy has higher cost performance, is conducive to its application in market.Limit the principal element of magnesium alloy development and application
It is the failure to well solve mechanical behavior under high temperature, corrosion resistance and the moulding processing performance of magnesium alloy.In research field, pass through
Constantly improve material alloys elemental composition, manufacturing process and heat treatment process to improve the comprehensive performance of magnesium alloy.In recent years,
Through forming more ripe Mg-Al systems, Mg-Zn systems, Mg-Re systems high-strength magnesium alloy, but the height of Mg-Al systems and Mg-Zn systems alloy
Warm nature can be unsatisfactory, and when temperature is increased to 150 DEG C, intensity declines rapidly, and the cost of Mg-Re systems alloy is relatively high, very
Hardly possible realizes industrialization.
Mg-Sn alloys gradually attract attention, and main cause is Mg therein2Sn hardening constituent fusing points reach 770.5 DEG C;Separately
Outside, solid solubility of the Sn in Mg is preferable, and precipitating reinforcing effect is relatively good, and solubility 14.48% at 561 DEG C, 200 DEG C are reduced to
0.45%, solid solution aging reinforcing works well.But the aspect for needing to continue to improve there are still two:First, it is thick that phase constitution is precipitated
Greatly, nonuniform organization causes the strong plasticity of alloy poor;Second, as cast condition Mg-Sn alloys precipitated phase is in mainly net distribution in crystalline substance
Boundary and dendrite wall, the operating temperature of eutectic state is relatively low, and lacks transgranular reinforcing effect, so also further increase
Space.Many researchs promote timeliness by adding the trace alloying elements such as alloy element Zn, Ag, Na, Zr, Mn at present, improve
Alloy comprehensive performance.Granted patent CN 102358929 discloses Ag has the apparent work for promoting timeliness to Mg-Sn alloy groups
With.On the basis of Mg-Sn bianry alloys, the Mg-Sn-Ca ternary alloy systems plate that research has gradually developed, but is precipitated recently
Strip CaMgSn stable dimensions are coarseer, its development and application is made to be restricted.Patent CN 101985713, CN
101440438, CN 101440441 individually disclose the work by adding the elements such as Ce, Y, Sr to play apparent refinement CaMgSn phases
With improving the performance of Mg-Sn-Ca systems magnesium alloy.To improve the performance of Mg-Sn systems alloy, the present invention, which proposes, utilizes Ag energy
It refines CaMgSn phases and effectively facilitates Mg2The Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag series high strengths magnesium alloy and its system of the dual invigoration effect of Sn phases
Preparation Method makes the intensity of alloy significantly improve.
Invention content
The present invention to the refining effect of the CaMgSn phases in Mg-Sn-Ca alloys and promotes Mg using Ag2Generation is precipitated in Sn
A kind of invigoration effect, it is proposed that Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag series high strengths magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof.CaMgSn phases are refined by Ag
Effect makes alloy have higher intensity, overcomes that plasticity caused by CaMgSn phase is coarse in Mg-Sn-Ca alloys is poor to ask
Topic.Using solid solution+aging thermal treating process, Ag has been given full play to Mg2The facilitation of Sn precipitation strengths, forms disperse
Mg2Sn precipitated phases make the intensity of alloy be further enhanced, and maximum hardness reaches 81.7HV.
The ingredient and mass percent of Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag series high strengths magnesium alloy proposed by the present invention be:
Tin(Sn):4.0-10.0%;Calcium(Ca):0.5-3%;Silver(Ag):0.5-2.5%;Remaining is magnesium(Mg), it is desirable that Ca/Sn
Content ratio is no more than 30%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag series high strengths magnesium alloy provided by the invention mainly includes the following steps:
Step 1:Alloy melting
Using pure magnesium ingot, Mg-Ca intermediate alloys, metal Sn, metal Ag are raw material, according to the weight of the alloying component of proposition
Percentage carries out dispensing:Tin(Sn):4.0-10.0%;Calcium(Ca):0.5-3%;Silver(Ag):0.5-2.5%;Remaining is magnesium(Mg).Gold
Belong to Mg, for the purity of Sn, Ag more than 99.9%, melting protective atmosphere is 99%CO2+1%SF6Mixed gas, concrete technology are:
(1)Alloy is smelted using crucible for smelting stove, after the temperature of smelting furnace is raised to 400-500 DEG C first, is led into stove
Enter protective gas 4-6 minutes, then ready pure magnesium metal derby is put into smelting furnace, then furnace temperature is raised to 700 DEG C -720
DEG C, the slag after the fusing of magnesium metal derby above removal liquid melts;
(2)Mg-Ca intermediate alloys are added in completion after removing slag, then furnace temperature is raised to 740 DEG C -760 DEG C and keeps the temperature 20 minutes.It waits for
After the completion of the dissolving of Mg-Ca intermediate alloys, furnace temperature is dropped to 700 DEG C -720 DEG C, then Ag, Sn metal is successively added, while stirring liquid
Then state melt carries out deslagging refining;
(3)It is kept the temperature at 700 DEG C after the completion of second of slagging-off, keeps the temperature 10-15min, liquid melts are then molded into metal
In mold, natural cooling obtains cast alloy, and metal die requires the preheating by 200 DEG C -250 DEG C;
Step 2:Homogenization and solution treatment
Alloy blank is kept the temperature 16 hours at 390-400 DEG C and carries out Homogenization Treatments, carries out water cooling, solution treatment is will to close
Gold at 450 DEG C -470 DEG C, keep the temperature 2-6 hour, then alloy is cooled down in water, it is all be heat-treated under protective atmosphere into
Row;
Step 3:Ageing treatment
Under the conditions of atmosphere protection, it is small that the alloy after solution treatment is carried out at a temperature of 160 DEG C -230 DEG C to 110-170
When ageing treatment.
The preparation method of Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag series high strengths magnesium alloy proposed by the present invention, sets according to the optimization of alloying component
Meter is theoretical with alloy strengthening, so that the heat-resisting phases of the CaMgSn of Mg-Sn-Ca alloys is refined by the common addition of Ca, Ag, Ag pairs
Mg2Significant facilitation is played in the precipitation of Sn phases, can be efficiently used in alloy by solid solution aging technique proposed by the present invention
Mg2The disperse educt of Sn improves the room temperature intensity and elevated temperature strength of Mg-Sn alloys, and Ag can shorten arrival age-hardening peak value
Time, the hardness of alloy is up to 81.7HV after solid-solution and aging heat treatment.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is Mg-7Sn-1Ca-1Ag peak timeliness state metallographic structures under 200 DEG C of timeliness
Attached drawing 2 is that Mg-7Sn-1Ca-1Ag peak timeliness states under 200 DEG C of timeliness transmit tissue.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1:Alloying ingredient is by following mass percentage content dispensing:5%Sn, 1%Ca, 0.5%Ag, remaining is Mg,
Prepared by alloy and performance optimization operation is as follows:
Furnace temperature is raised to 500 DEG C first and is passed through protective gas 5 minutes, crucible is added in MAG block, continues to be warming up to 700 DEG C,
After MAG block is completely melt, fishing slag for the first time is carried out, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy is then added, continued to be warming up to 740 DEG C and keep the temperature 20 minutes,
Then 720 DEG C are cooled to, metallic silver is successively added, tin is stirred evenly, then carry out second of fishing slag all after fusing with stirring rod, essence
Refining, then cool to 700 DEG C and keep the temperature 10 minutes, it casts(Mold is preheating to 200 DEG C);Under the conditions of atmosphere protection, alloy
16 hours are first kept the temperature at 400 DEG C and carries out Homogenization Treatments, and 4 hours are then kept the temperature at 450 DEG C and carries out solution treatment, then in water
It is cooling;By the sample after solution treatment under the conditions of atmosphere protection, ageing treatment is carried out at a temperature of 160 DEG C, alloy is in this work
Reach peak hardness 65.2HV when timeliness 160 hours under skill.
Embodiment 2:Alloying ingredient is by following mass percentage content dispensing:5%Sn, 1.5%Ca, 0.5%Ag, remaining is
Mg, prepared by alloy and performance optimization operation is as follows:
Furnace temperature is raised to 500 DEG C first and is passed through protective gas 5 minutes, crucible is added in MAG block, continues to be warming up to 700 DEG C,
After MAG block is completely melt, fishing slag for the first time is carried out, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy is then added, continued to be warming up to 740 DEG C and keep the temperature 20 minutes,
Then 720 DEG C are cooled to, metallic silver is successively added, tin is stirred evenly, then carry out second of fishing slag all after fusing with stirring rod, essence
Refining, then cool to 700 DEG C and keep the temperature 10 minutes, it casts(Mold is preheating to 200 DEG C);Under the conditions of atmosphere protection, alloy
16 hours are first kept the temperature at 400 DEG C and carries out Homogenization Treatments, and 4 hours are then kept the temperature at 450 DEG C and carries out solution treatment, then in water
It is cooling;By the sample after solution treatment under the conditions of atmosphere protection, ageing treatment is carried out at a temperature of 230 DEG C, alloy is in this work
Reach peak hardness 68.8HV when timeliness 130 hours under skill.
Embodiment 3:Alloying ingredient is by following mass percentage content dispensing:7%Sn, 1%Ca, 1%Ag, remaining is Mg, is closed
Prepared by gold and performance optimization operation is as follows:
Furnace temperature is raised to 500 DEG C first and is passed through protective gas 5 minutes, crucible is added in MAG block, continues to be warming up to 700 DEG C,
After MAG block is completely melt, fishing slag for the first time is carried out, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy is then added, continued to be warming up to 760 DEG C and keep the temperature 20 minutes,
Then 720 DEG C are cooled to, metallic silver is successively added, tin is stirred evenly, then carry out second of fishing slag all after fusing with stirring rod, essence
Refining, then cool to 700 DEG C and keep the temperature 10 minutes, it casts(Mold is preheating to 200 DEG C);Under the conditions of atmosphere protection, alloy
Homogenization Treatments are carried out, temperature is 400 DEG C, keeps the temperature 16 hours, 4 hours are then kept the temperature at 450 DEG C and carries out solution treatment, has been handled
It is cooled down in water at rear alloy;Under alloying atmosphere protective condition after solution treatment, ageing treatment, alloy are carried out at 200 DEG C
Timeliness 140 hours under this technique, reach peak hardness 80.1HV.
Embodiment 4:Alloying ingredient is by following mass percentage content dispensing:8%Sn, 2.3%Ca, 0.5%Ag, remaining is
Mg, prepared by alloy and performance optimization operation is as follows:
Furnace temperature is raised to 500 DEG C first and is passed through protective gas 5 minutes, crucible is added in MAG block, continues to be warming up to 700 DEG C,
After MAG block is completely melt, fishing slag for the first time is carried out, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy is then added, continued to be warming up to 740 DEG C and keep the temperature 20 minutes,
Then 720 DEG C are cooled to, metallic silver is successively added, tin is stirred evenly, then carry out second of fishing slag all after fusing with stirring rod, essence
Refining, then cool to 700 DEG C and keep the temperature 10 minutes, it casts(Mold is preheating to 200 DEG C);Under the conditions of atmosphere protection, alloy
Homogenization Treatments are carried out, temperature is 400 DEG C, keeps the temperature 16 hours, 4 hours are then kept the temperature at 460 DEG C and carries out solution treatment, has been handled
It is cooled down in water at rear alloy;Under alloying atmosphere protective condition after solution treatment, ageing treatment, alloy are carried out at 230 DEG C
Reach peak hardness 73.2HV when timeliness 140 hours under this technique.
Embodiment 5:Alloying ingredient is by following mass percentage content dispensing:10%Sn, 2.6%Ca, 1%Ag, remaining is
Mg, prepared by alloy and performance optimization operation is as follows:
Furnace temperature is raised to 500 DEG C first and is passed through protective gas 5 minutes, crucible is added in MAG block, continues to be warming up to 700 DEG C,
After MAG block is completely melt, fishing slag for the first time is carried out, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy is then added, continued to be warming up to 740 DEG C and keep the temperature 20 minutes,
Then 710 DEG C are cooled to, metallic silver is successively added, tin is stirred evenly, then carry out second of fishing slag all after fusing with stirring rod, essence
Refining, then cool to 700 DEG C and keep the temperature 10 minutes, it casts(Mold is preheating to 200 DEG C);Under the conditions of atmosphere protection, alloy
Homogenization Treatments are carried out, temperature is 400 DEG C, keeps the temperature 16 hours, 4 hours are then kept the temperature at 460 DEG C and carries out solution treatment, has been handled
It is cooled down in water at rear alloy;Under alloying atmosphere protective condition after solution treatment, ageing treatment, alloy are carried out at 200 DEG C
Reach peak hardness 78.9HV when timeliness 150 hours under this technique.
Embodiment 6:Alloying ingredient is by following mass percentage content dispensing:9%Sn, 2%Ca, 1.0%Ag, remaining is Mg,
Prepared by alloy and performance optimization operation is as follows:
Furnace temperature is raised to 500 DEG C first and is passed through protective gas 5 minutes, crucible is added in MAG block, continues to be warming up to 700 DEG C,
After MAG block is completely melt, fishing slag for the first time is carried out, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy is then added, continued to be warming up to 740 DEG C and keep the temperature 20 minutes,
Then 720 DEG C are cooled to, metallic silver is successively added, tin is stirred evenly, then carry out second of fishing slag all after fusing with stirring rod, essence
Refining, then cool to 700 DEG C and keep the temperature 10 minutes, it casts(Mold is preheating to 200 DEG C);Under the conditions of atmosphere protection, alloy
Homogenization Treatments are carried out, temperature is 400 DEG C, keeps the temperature 16 hours, 4 hours are then kept the temperature at 460 DEG C and carries out solution treatment, has been handled
It is cooled down in water at rear alloy;Under alloying atmosphere protective condition after solution treatment, ageing treatment, alloy are carried out at 200 DEG C
Reach peak hardness 80.3HV when timeliness 140 hours under this technique.
Embodiment 7:Alloying ingredient is by following mass percentage content dispensing:7%Sn, 1%Ca, 2%Ag, remaining is Mg, is closed
Prepared by gold and performance optimization operation is as follows:
Furnace temperature is raised to 500 DEG C first and is passed through protective gas 5 minutes, crucible is added in MAG block, continues to be warming up to 700 DEG C,
After MAG block is completely melt, fishing slag for the first time is carried out, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy is then added, continued to be warming up to 740 DEG C and keep the temperature 20 minutes,
Then 720 DEG C are cooled to, metallic silver is successively added, tin is stirred evenly, then carry out second of fishing slag all after fusing with stirring rod, essence
Refining, then cool to 700 DEG C and keep the temperature 10 minutes, it casts(Mold is preheating to 200 DEG C);Under the conditions of atmosphere protection, alloy
Homogenization Treatments are carried out, temperature is 400 DEG C, keeps the temperature 16 hours, 4 hours are then kept the temperature at 460 DEG C and carries out solution treatment, has been handled
It is cooled down in water at rear alloy;Under alloying atmosphere protective condition after solution treatment, ageing treatment, alloy are carried out at 200 DEG C
Reach peak hardness 81.7HV when timeliness 130 hours under this technique.
Embodiment 8:Alloying ingredient is by following mass percentage content dispensing:7%Sn, 2%Ca, 1%Ag, remaining is Mg, is closed
Prepared by gold and performance optimization operation is as follows:
Furnace temperature is raised to 500 DEG C first and is passed through protective gas 5 minutes, crucible is added in MAG block, continues to be warming up to 700 DEG C,
After MAG block is completely melt, fishing slag for the first time is carried out, magnesium calcium intermediate alloy is then added, continued to be warming up to 740 DEG C and keep the temperature 20 minutes,
Then 720 DEG C are cooled to, metallic silver is successively added, tin is stirred evenly, then carry out second of fishing slag all after fusing with stirring rod, essence
Refining, then cool to 700 DEG C and keep the temperature 10 minutes, it casts(Mold is preheating to 200 DEG C);Under the conditions of atmosphere protection, alloy
Homogenization Treatments are carried out, temperature is 390 DEG C, keeps the temperature 16 hours, 4 hours are then kept the temperature at 460 DEG C and carries out solution treatment, has been handled
It is cooled down in water at rear alloy;Under alloying atmosphere protective condition after solution treatment, ageing treatment, alloy are carried out at 180 DEG C
Reach peak hardness 65.9HV when timeliness 150 hours under this technique.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag systems magnesium alloy, which is characterized in that the mass percent of each alloy element component in the magnesium alloy
For:Tin(Sn):4.0-10.0%;Calcium(Ca):0.5-3%;Silver(Ag):0.5-2.5%;Remaining is magnesium(Mg)And trace impurity;
Ca/Sn mass ratio≤30%;
Preparation method has technical process below:
(1)By corresponding alloy ratio dispensing in Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag systems magnesium alloy;
(2)After the temperature of smelting furnace is raised to 400-500 DEG C, protective gas is passed through into stove 4-6 minutes, then by pure magnesium metal
Dispensing is put into smelting furnace, then furnace temperature is raised to 700 DEG C -720 DEG C, is removed above liquid solution after pure magnesium metal molten
Slag;
(3)Mg-Ca intermediate alloys are added in completion after removing slag, then furnace temperature is raised to 740 DEG C -760 DEG C and keeps the temperature 20 minutes;
(4)After the completion of the dissolving of Mg-Ca intermediate alloys, furnace temperature is dropped to 700 DEG C -720 DEG C, then Ag, Sn metallic element is successively added,
Stirring appropriate is carried out, deslagging refining is then carried out;
(5)10-15 minutes are kept the temperature at 700 DEG C after the completion of second of slagging-off, then pours into liquid alloy in metal die, it is natural
It is cooling, cast alloy is obtained, metal die requires to be preheating to 200 DEG C -250 DEG C.
2. Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag systems according to claim 1 magnesium alloy, it is characterised in that:Protective atmosphere in fusion process
For 99%CO2+1%SF6Mixed gas.
3. Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag systems according to claim 1 magnesium alloy, it is characterised in that:Refining agent is the chlorine centainly matched
Change the compounding substances of magnesium, calcirm-fluoride, potassium chloride.
4. Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag systems according to claim 1 magnesium alloy, it is characterised in that:As cast condition Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag systems magnesium closes
The heat treatment process of gold,
(1)Under conditions of protective atmosphere, as cast condition Mg-Sn-Ca-Ag system's magnesium alloys are in 390 DEG C of -400 DEG C of heat preservations, 16 hours equal
Processing is homogenized, then cools down alloy in water;
(2)Under conditions of protective atmosphere, the alloy after Homogenization Treatments is done into solution treatment, solution treatment heating temperature is
450 DEG C -470 DEG C, 2-6 hours are kept the temperature, alloy is then subjected to water quenching;
(3)Under conditions of protective atmosphere, by the alloy after solution treatment, 110-170 is carried out at a temperature of 160 DEG C -230 DEG C
The ageing treatment of hour.
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CN113718146B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-05-17 | 承德石油高等专科学校 | Mg-Sn-Ce-Ag-Sc alloy and preparation method thereof |
CN114086046B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-08-02 | 承德石油高等专科学校 | Mg-Sn-Sr-Zr-Sc alloy with room-temperature and high-temperature high-strength deformation and preparation process thereof |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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Effects of Ca additions on the microstructural stability and mechanical properties of Mg-5%Sn alloy;G.Nayyeri et.al;《Materials and Design》;20100918;第1571-1576页 * |
Effects of extrusion and Ag,Zn addition on the age-hardening response and microstructure of a Mg-7Sn alloy;Xuefei Huang et.al;《Materials Science and Engineering A》;20160309;第233-239页 * |
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