A kind of aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to fining agent technical field, a kind of aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent and preparation method thereof is specifically related to.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy is most light structural metallic materials in current commercial Application, with density is small, specific strength and specific stiffness it is high,
The advantages of damping shock absorption is good, effectiveness is good, in automobile, motorcycle, electronic information, track traffic, Aero-Space etc.
Field has very big application potential.But the absolute intensity of most of magnesium alloys is still relatively low, secondly, magnesium alloy is close-packed hexagonal
Crystal structure, its temperature-room type plasticity deformability is poor, limits the products such as wrought magnesium alloy strip, tubing, section bar and forging
Production and application.Crystal grain refinement is the effective ways for improving magnesium alloy mechanical property and improving magnesium alloy plastic deformation ability, together
When crystal grain refinement also contribute to the uniformity of Magnesium Alloy, improve the decay resistance of magnesium alloy, reduce hot tearing and group
Knit the casting flaw such as loose.
Early in 1931, people found that element Zr has obvious grain refining effect to pure magnesium, were added in pure magnesium liquid
Minimal amount of zirconium, so that it may greatly improve the nucleation rate of pure magnesium, plays the effect of crystal grain thinning.But the elements such as Zr and Al, Mn can shape
Into the compound of stabilization, the effect of crystal grain thinning is not had.For example, adding Zr, Zr and the Al to be formed in the magnesium alloy containing Al
The Al of stabilization3Zr compounds, and Al3The B.C.T. shape crystal structure of Zr is entirely different with the Patterns for Close-Packed Hexagonal Crystal structure of magnesium, and
The lattice parameter of the two differs greatly, therefore, Al3Zr cannot function as the heterogeneous forming core core of magnesium crystal grain, while forming Al3Zr will
Cause the loss of Al and Zr in magnesium alloy.Therefore, single Zr elements cannot function as containing Al, Mn element magnesium alloy crystal grain it is thin
Agent.Later it is found that the characteristics of ZrC particles have fusing point high, good stability, particularly ZrC particles are all solid matter six with magnesium
The square crystal structure and lattice parameter of the two is close, lattice constant mismatch degree is very low, according to metallography lattice match principle,
ZrC particles are the excellent heterogeneous nucleis of magnesium, and the aluminium zirten containing ZrC particles is developed accordingly as magnesium alloy
Grain refiner, solve the problems, such as the crystal grain refinement of the magnesium alloy containing elements such as Al, Mn.
At present, aluminium zirten is mainly prepared using thermit reaction method, i.e., with zirconium source and carbon source as raw material, by zirconium source and carbon
Source is added in aluminum melt, by reacting aluminium alloy of the generation containing ZrC particles, aluminium alloy then is cast as into aluminium zirconium carbon again and is closed
Ingot or continuous casting and rolling are into aluminium zirten bar.But in the preparation method, due to ZrC particles large number of in aluminium alloy and
Size is tiny, has very strong compatibility between particle, along with there is nonequilibrium freezing characteristic in aluminium alloy process of setting, most
Cause there is serious ZrC particle segregations reunion in aluminium zirten eventually, and the segregation of ZrC particles reunion can not only reduce crystal grain
The grain refining capability of fining agent, accelerates the decline of grain refining capability, and is produced from the surface for also resulting in magnesium alloy deep processed product
The defects such as greensand eye, pin hole.In addition, the method can produce substantial amounts of hydrogen and oxidation because temperature is high and thermit reaction violent
The slags such as aluminium, not only result in serious environmental pollution, can also increase the nonmetal inclusion such as hydrogen, aluminum oxide in aluminium zirten
The content of the metallic impurity elements such as thing and Fe, Si, reduces the cleanliness factor of grain refiner, and finally influences whether to use crystal grain
The cleanliness factor of the magnesium alloy of fining agent, it is impossible to meet high-cleanness, the production need of bright, high-accuracy magnesium alloy deep processed product high
Will.
The content of the invention
Above-mentioned there is problem and shortage it is an object of the invention to be directed to, there is provided a kind of ZrC particles are evenly distributed, crystal grain is thin
Change ability is strong and cleanliness factor aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent high and preparation method thereof.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way:
Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent of the present invention, is characterized in by following mass percent into being grouped into:Zr 4.5~
5.5%, C 0.8~1.2%, Re 0.1~0.5%, balance of Al and inevitable impurity, wherein the composition and quality of the Re
Percentage is:Pr 8.5%, Nd 9.2%, Pm 12.5%, Sm 6.7%, Tb 15.9%, Dy 11.4%, Ho 10.7%, Tm 7.5%,
Yb 13.2%, Lu 4.4%.
The preparation method of aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent of the present invention, is characterized in comprising the following steps:
The first step:It is by mass percentage 1 by titanium valve and carbon dust:0.15~0.27 ratio is well mixed, and is then pressed into pre-
Clamp dog;
Second step:By technical pure aluminium ingot 800~850 DEG C heating fusing, be subsequently adding account for aluminium ingot weight be 5.6~7.2% it is pre-
Clamp dog, stirring reaction 30~90 minutes removes scum silica frost above, and aluminium zirten liquid is obtained after refined degasification removal of impurities;
3rd step:Added in aluminium zirten liquid and account for the rare earth Re that aluminium zirten liquid weight is 0.1~0.5%, stirring is obtained
Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid;
4th step:Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid is cooled to 700~740 DEG C and 30~60 minutes are stood, aluminium zirconium is then cast as
Carbon rare earth alloy ingot or continuous casting and rolling obtain aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent into aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy bar.
The present invention compared with prior art, with advantages below:
There is aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent of the invention ZrC particles to be more evenly distributed, grain refining capability is stronger and cleanliness factor more
Advantage high, can make magnesium alloy obtain the grain structure of more fine uniform, meet high-cleanness, bright, high-accuracy magnesium high
The production of alloy deep processed product needs, with wide market application foreground.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and effect clearer, clear and definite, make further detailed to the present invention below
Describe in detail bright.
Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent of the present invention, by following mass percent into being grouped into:Zr 4.5~5.5%,
C 0.8~1.2%, Re 0.1~0.5%, balance of Al and inevitable impurity.
Wherein, the composition and mass percent of the Re are:Pr 8.5%, Nd 9.2%, Pm 12.5%, Sm 6.7%, Tb
15.9%, Dy 11.4%, Ho 10.7%, Tm 7.5%, Yb 13.2%, Lu 4.4%.
The preparation method of aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent of the present invention, comprises the steps of:
The first step:It is by mass percentage 1 by titanium valve and carbon dust:0.15~0.27 ratio is well mixed, and is then pressed into pre-
Clamp dog;
Second step:Technical pure aluminium ingot is fused into fine aluminium liquid in 800~850 DEG C of heating, be subsequently adding account for aluminium ingot weight for 5.6~
7.2% prefabricated section, stirring reaction 30~90 minutes removes scum silica frost above, and aluminium zirten is obtained after refined degasification removal of impurities
Liquid;
3rd step:Added in aluminium zirten liquid and account for the rare earth Re that aluminium zirten liquid weight is 0.1~0.5%, stirring is obtained
Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid;
4th step:Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid is cooled to 700~740 DEG C and 30~60 minutes are stood, aluminium zirconium is then cast as
Carbon rare earth alloy ingot or continuous casting and rolling obtain aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent into aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy bar.
Wherein, Zr and C are the main alloy elements of aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent, by titanium valve and the mixture and aluminium liquid of carbon dust
Reaction is obtained, main in fining agent to exist with ZrC particulate forms.ZrC particles have the characteristics of fusing point is high, stability is strong, special
It is not that ZrC particles have same Patterns for Close-Packed Hexagonal Crystal structure with magnesium and lattice parameter is close, lattice constant mismatch degree is low, is magnesium
The excellent heterogeneous nuclei of crystal grain, plays magnesium alloy grains effect.The content of Zr and C is higher, the quantity of ZrC particles
Also more, grain refining effect is also better.But the content of Zr and C is too high, the solidifying segregation of aluminium zirten is also more difficult, melting
Prepare and cast or continuous casting and rolling is all extremely difficult.Therefore, the selection of Zr contents is 4.5~5.5%, C content selection 0.8~
1.2%。
Re is mixed containing six kinds of heavy rare earth elements of tetra- kinds of LREEs of Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm and Tb, Dy, Ho, Tm, Yb, Lu
Rare earth is closed, the physicochemical properties of mischmetal are very active, there is following Main Function in aluminium zirten:(1)First,
Rare earth is surface active element, can reduce the surface tension of aluminium zirten liquid, improves the mobility of aluminium zirten liquid, drop
The surface energy of low ZrC particles, the tendency so that segregation for reducing ZrC particles is reunited, makes ZrC particles be more evenly distributed in aluminium zirconium
In carbon alloy, increase effective number of nuclei of ZrC particles, and then improve the grain refining capability of aluminium zirten.In addition, ZrC
Particle distribution is more uniform, can just slow down sinking speed of the ZrC particles in liquid magnesium alloy, so as to improve the anti-of aluminium zirten
Fading of refinement ability.(2)Secondly, rare earth element has chemism very high, with the metal such as hydrogen, oxygen, iron, silicon and nonmetallic miscellaneous
Prime element has very strong chemical affinity, can be with the rare earth chemical combination of the impurity such as hydrogen, oxygen, iron, silicon reaction generation high stability
Thing, and eventually through floating or sinking to being removed, so as to the catharsis to aluminium zirten liquid with depth, make aluminium zirconium
Carbon alloy obtains cleanliness factor higher, meets high-cleanness, the production needs of bright, high-accuracy magnesium alloy deep processed product high,
With wide market application foreground.
The lot of experiments of inventor shows, addition containing tetra- kinds of LREEs of Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm and Tb, Dy, Ho,
Six kinds of effects of the mischmetal of heavy rare earth element of Tm, Yb, Lu are all better than adding a kind of or a few rare earth element effect.
It also requires it is realized that, expensive due to rare earth element, excessive addition rare earth element can also increase aluminium zirten
Production cost.Through considering effect and cost factor, the addition of Re mischmetals is selected 0.1~0.5%.
Preparation method of the invention, by optimizing the mixed proportion and addition of titanium valve and carbon dust, first prepares aluminium zirconium carbon
Aluminium alloy, after removing the gred and refining degasification removal of impurities, adds rare earth, is conducive to giving full play to rare earth to improving aluminium zirten
ZrC particles distributing homogeneity, grain refining capability and cleanliness factor effect, it is ensured that it is final to be obtained in that the distribution of ZrC particles is equal
Even property, the aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent that grain refining capability is strong and cleanliness factor is high.
In order to describe aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent of the invention and preparation method thereof more in detail, several implementations are exemplified below
Example is further described.
Embodiment 1:
Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent of the present invention, by following mass percent into being grouped into:Zr 5%, C 1.0%, Re
0.3%, balance of Al and inevitable impurity, wherein the composition and mass percent of the Re are:Pr 8.5%, Nd 9.2%,
Pm 12.5%, Sm 6.7%, Tb 15.9%, Dy 11.4%, Ho 10.7%, Tm 7.5%, Yb 13.2%, Lu 4.4%.
The preparation method of the aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent is comprised the steps of:
The first step:It is by mass percentage 1 by titanium valve and carbon dust:0.2 ratio is well mixed, and is then pressed into prefabricated section;
Second step:Technical pure aluminium ingot is fused into fine aluminium liquid in 825 DEG C of heating, be subsequently adding account for aluminium ingot weight be 6.4% it is prefabricated
Block, stirring reaction 60 minutes removes scum silica frost above, and aluminium zirten liquid is obtained after refining degasification removal of impurities with carbon trichloride;
3rd step:Added in aluminium zirten liquid and account for the mischmetal Re that aluminium zirten liquid weight is 0.3%, stirring is obtained
Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid;
4th step:Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid is cooled to 720 DEG C and 45 minutes are stood, aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy is then cast as
Ingot or continuous casting and rolling obtain the aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent into aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy bar.
Embodiment 2:
Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent of the present invention, by following mass percent into being grouped into:Zr 4.5%, C 0.8%, Re
0.1%, balance of Al and inevitable impurity, wherein the composition and mass percent of the Re are:Pr 8.5%, Nd 9.2%,
Pm 12.5%, Sm 6.7%, Tb 15.9%, Dy 11.4%, Ho 10.7%, Tm 7.5%, Yb 13.2%, Lu 4.4%.
The preparation method of the aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent is comprised the steps of:
The first step:It is by mass percentage 1 by titanium valve and carbon dust:0.18 ratio is well mixed, and is then pressed into prefabricated section;
Second step:Technical pure aluminium ingot is fused into fine aluminium liquid in 800 DEG C of heating, be subsequently adding account for aluminium ingot weight be 5.6% it is prefabricated
Block, stirring reaction 30 minutes removes scum silica frost above, and aluminium zirten liquid is obtained after refining degasification removal of impurities with carbon trichloride;
3rd step:Added in aluminium zirten liquid and account for the mixed light rare earth Re that aluminium zirten liquid weight is 0.1%, stirred
To aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid;
4th step:Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid is cooled to 700 DEG C and 30 minutes are stood, aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy is then cast as
Ingot or continuous casting and rolling obtain the aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent into aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy bar.
Embodiment 3:
Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent of the present invention, by following mass percent into being grouped into:Zr 5.5%, C 1.2%, Re
0.5%, balance of Al and inevitable impurity, wherein the composition and mass percent of the Re are:Pr 8.5%, Nd 9.2%,
Pm 12.5%, Sm 6.7%, Tb 15.9%, Dy 11.4%, Ho 10.7%, Tm 7.5%, Yb 13.2%, Lu 4.4%.
The preparation method of the aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent is comprised the steps of:
The first step:It is by mass percentage 1 by titanium valve and carbon dust:0.22 ratio is well mixed, and is then pressed into prefabricated section;
Second step:Technical pure aluminium ingot is fused into fine aluminium liquid in 850 DEG C of heating, be subsequently adding account for aluminium ingot weight be 7.2% it is prefabricated
Block, stirring reaction 90 minutes removes scum silica frost above, and aluminium zirten liquid is obtained after refining degasification removal of impurities with carbon trichloride;
3rd step:Added in aluminium zirten liquid and account for the mixed light rare earth Re that aluminium zirten liquid weight is 0.5%, stirred
To aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid;
4th step:Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid is cooled to 740 DEG C and 60 minutes are stood, aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy is then cast as
Ingot or continuous casting and rolling obtain the aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent into aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy bar.
Embodiment 4:
Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent of the present invention, by following mass percent into being grouped into:Zr 4.5%, C 1.2%, Re
0.2%, balance of Al and inevitable impurity, wherein the composition and mass percent of the Re are:Pr 8.5%, Nd 9.2%,
Pm 12.5%, Sm 6.7%, Tb 15.9%, Dy 11.4%, Ho 10.7%, Tm 7.5%, Yb 13.2%, Lu 4.4%.
The preparation method of the aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent is comprised the steps of:
The first step:It is by mass percentage 1 by titanium valve and carbon dust:0.27 ratio is well mixed, and is then pressed into prefabricated section;
Second step:Technical pure aluminium ingot is fused into fine aluminium liquid in 815 DEG C of heating, be subsequently adding account for aluminium ingot weight be 6% it is prefabricated
Block, stirring reaction 45 minutes removes scum silica frost above, and aluminium zirten liquid is obtained after refining degasification removal of impurities with carbon trichloride;
3rd step:Added in aluminium zirten liquid and account for the mischmetal Re that aluminium zirten liquid weight is 0.2%, stirring is obtained
Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid;
4th step:Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid is cooled to 710 DEG C and 40 minutes are stood, aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy is then cast as
Ingot or continuous casting and rolling obtain the aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent into aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy bar.
Embodiment 5:
Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent of the present invention, by following mass percent into being grouped into:Zr 5.5%, C 0.8%, Re
0.4%, balance of Al and inevitable impurity, wherein the composition and mass percent of the Re are:Pr 8.5%, Nd 9.2%,
Pm 12.5%, Sm 6.7%, Tb 15.9%, Dy 11.4%, Ho 10.7%, Tm 7.5%, Yb 13.2%, Lu 4.4%.
The preparation method of the aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent is comprised the steps of:
The first step:It is by mass percentage 1 by titanium valve and carbon dust:0.15 ratio is well mixed, and is then pressed into prefabricated section;
Second step:Technical pure aluminium ingot is fused into fine aluminium liquid in 840 DEG C of heating, be subsequently adding account for aluminium ingot weight be 6.7% it is prefabricated
Block, stirring reaction 75 minutes removes scum silica frost above, and aluminium zirten liquid is obtained after refining degasification removal of impurities with carbon trichloride;
3rd step:Added in aluminium zirten liquid and account for the mischmetal Re that aluminium zirten liquid weight is 0.4%, stirring is obtained
Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid;
4th step:Aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy liquid is cooled to 730 DEG C and 50 minutes are stood, aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy is then cast as
Ingot or continuous casting and rolling obtain the aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth fining agent into aluminium zirconium carbon rare earth alloy bar.
The present invention is described by embodiment, but is not limited the invention, with reference to description of the invention, institute
Other changes of disclosed embodiment, such as the professional person for this area is readily apparent that, such change should belong to
Within the scope of the claims in the present invention are limited.