CN106834800A - A kind of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy and preparation method for preparing free-cutting brass - Google Patents
A kind of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy and preparation method for preparing free-cutting brass Download PDFInfo
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- CN106834800A CN106834800A CN201611164644.XA CN201611164644A CN106834800A CN 106834800 A CN106834800 A CN 106834800A CN 201611164644 A CN201611164644 A CN 201611164644A CN 106834800 A CN106834800 A CN 106834800A
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- bismuth
- antimony
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C12/00—Alloys based on antimony or bismuth
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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Abstract
The present invention relates to free-cutting brass, a kind of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy for preparing free-cutting brass is refered in particular to.Described bismuth antimony magnesium alloy component and the weight percentage of component are：Bismuth 40~45%, magnesium 10~20%；Inevitable impurity content≤0.8%, balance of antimony.The present invention makes bismuth element with the Mg higher than copper alloy fusing point3Sb2With the Mg less than copper alloy fusing point3Bi2Compound is present in bismuth antimony magnesium alloy simultaneously, Mg of the fusing point higher than brass fusing point (880 DEG C or so)3Sb2(1245 DEG C) compound, is entered in copper alloy liquid by the way of dissolving, Mg of the fusing point less than brass fusing point (880 DEG C or so)3Bi2(821 DEG C) compound, entered in copper alloy liquid by the way of fusing, the intermediate alloy has the features such as making cutting brass alloy process feasible, the recovery rate of bismuth, antimony and magnesium elements is high, is a kind of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy additive suitable for environment protection type easy Cutting Steel Alloying Treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to free-cutting brass, a kind of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy for preparing free-cutting brass is refered in particular to, belong to coloured
Alloy (C22C alloys) technology of preparing.
Background technology
The crystal structure of bismuth metal (Bi) belongs to orthorhombic system, and outward appearance is silvery white in color, and has strong metallic luster.Pure bismuth is soft
Soft metal, property is crisp when impure, and at room temperature, bismuth does not react with oxygen or water, stable in the air, and the conduction and thermal conductivity of bismuth are all
It is poor；The main ore of bismuth-containing is bismuthine (Bi2S5) and reddish brown bismuth stone (Bi2O5).Bismuth ranks first in the world in the reserves of China,
Account for more than the 70% of global gross reserves.
Because bismuth is nontoxic, and low melting point, high-flexibility with lead etc. is permitted many performances and is close, and industrially wide
The general substitute as lead；Mainly for the manufacture of fusible alloy, melting range is 47~262 DEG C to bismuth, most commonly the same lead of bismuth,
The metals such as tin, antimony, indium composition alloy, for fire plant, automatic water sprayer, boiler flame-arrester vent plug, once occur fire when,
" automatic " fusing of piston meeting of some water pipes, sprays water, in fire-fighting and electrical industry, as automatic fire extinguishing system and electrical equipment
Fuse, scolding tin；Non-shrinking characteristic when bismuth alloy has solidification, for casting printing type and high accuracy casting mold；Carbonic acid gas
Bismuth and novismuth are used to treat skin injury and enterogastritis；Bismuth metal is used to prepare acolite, in fire-fighting and electrical safety
There is special importance on device；Bismuth-containing free-machining alloy steel and copper alloy, it has also become modern manufacturing industry in the urgent need to one
Plant raw material.
Ledrite has excellent cutting ability and anti-wear performance, is widely used in electronic apparatus connector, instrument zero
The necks such as the hydraulic valve for using such as part, the water pipe of drinking-water system, tap, valve, pipe joint and automobile, fire-fighting and aircraft
Domain；Lead is a kind of toxic element, and in recent years, with the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness, national governments have put into effect to containing lead bronze in succession
Alloyapplication is ordered within a certain time, and the application of ledrite will face strict limitation, thus exploitation Lead free cutting copper alloys to substitute lead
Brass has turned into the manufacturing key subjects of world today's metal material；In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars are devoted to bismuth system, tin
The developmental research of the Lead free cutting copper alloys of system, antimony system, silicon systems and addition graphite etc., at present, by add appropriate Bi,
Mg, Se, Si, Ti, Al and rare earth element ce alloying element substitute the lead in ledrite, and achieve more satisfactory practical effect
Really.Such as：Mei Hu etc. is by micro pure magnesium and pure calcium is added in brass, have studied the knot of tissue of leadless easy-cutting magnesium calcium brass
Structure and performance.Wu Weidong etc. have studied the microscopic structure and performance of hot extrusion antimony magnesium brass, but do not illustrate magnesium and antimony plus
Enter mode.Central South University Xiao flourish et al. to have studied influence and bismuth pair of the tin to magnesium brass cutting ability and corrosive nature respectively
The influence of non-leaded easily-cutting brass performance.The AT＆T Labs in the U.S. and the KITZ companies of Japan announce to have been developed that containing Bi and Se
Copper alloy, and be applied on the water supply components such as tap, valve；Japanese researchers just endeavour early in the nineties in 20th century
In the research of non-leaded easily-cutting brass, have developed and be not added with any other micro- Bi brass；Japan Xin Dong in 2004
Metal has gone out unleaded and low-lead brass series of products with Sumitomo light metal research and development centre joint development, is substituted using bismuth and tin
Lead；Xiao Yinxin, from its mechanism, free-cutting brass is prepared with silicon by studying the free cutting property of Winn bronze instead of lead；
Sb can also improve the cutting ability of brass, and Central South University Xiao carrys out flourish grade and adds pure Bi and pure Sb to substitute lead and yellow-collation simultaneously in brass
Lead in copper, and add a certain amount of Ti and rare earth element ce and improve alloy property, obtain preferable effect.Applicant exists
In previous research work, in the form of the bismuth antimony alloy to brass in add bismuth and antimony, bismuth antimony free-cutting brass is prepared for, due to bismuth
Solid solution is formed with antimony, recovery rate (a kind of bismuth antimony alloy for preparing bismuth antimony free-cutting brass of bismuth and antimony element is improve
And preparation method, 201410231537.9), but the fusing point of alloy is too low, its recovery rate is received certain influence, therefore have
The necessary recovery rate for further improving alloying element.Applicant have observed that, in the research having had, without discovery simultaneously to Huang
Bi, Sb and Mg element are added in copper improves the document report of its machinability to reach.
Because the fusing point of bismuth is low (271.3 DEG C), very big difficulty is caused to the Alloying Treatment of the free-cutting brass,
With bismuth metal (refined bismuth) as copper alloy Alloying Treatment additive, it will cause very big scaling loss and waste；Although existing
Guillaume metal, but when Guillaume metal is prepared, because the fusing point of copper is very high, bismuth also has a very big scaling loss；Due to bismuth
It is still exist with simple substance form in Guillaume metal, when Guillaume metal is added into brass alloys liquid, can also produces secondary
Scaling loss.Research report, adds the alloying elements such as Mg, Sb in basis brass, can form crisp without hard complicated intermetallic
Composition granule.These particles are uniformly distributed in matrix, and in working angles, these compound particles are served in similar ledrite
The chip breaking effect of lead.Magnesium Stibium Brass has the cutting ability suitable with casting lead brass (ZCuzn40Pb2), and has more preferable power
Learn performance.But, because the fusing point of Sb and Mg is relatively low, therefore there is also scaling loss when Alloying Treatment is carried out to brass and ask
Topic.And Chinese patent retrieval and other literature search results show：Alloying Treatment is feasible, high yellow for Cutting free of recovery rate
The additive bismuth antimony magnesium alloy of copper alloyization treatment, there is not yet report.
Therefore, providing, a kind of Alloying Treatment is feasible, the recovery rate bismuth antimony magnesium alloy chemical for preparing free-cutting brass high
The additive for the treatment of, it is the consistent requirement of the non-ferrous metal industry developed by leaps and bounds to become.
The content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of Alloying Treatment is feasible, recovery rate bismuth antimony magnesium alloy high, to meet Cutting free
Demand prepared by copper alloy.
The present invention implement its purpose technical scheme be：
A kind of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy, it is characterised in that its component is calculated as according to weight/mass percentage composition：
Bismuth：40~45, magnesium 10~20%；Inevitable impurity：≤0.8；Antimony：Surplus.
A kind of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy of the present invention, it is characterised in that exist simultaneously in bismuth antimony magnesium intermediate alloy tissue high
The Mg of fusing point3Sb2(1245 DEG C) and Mg3Bi2(821 DEG C) compound, can substantially reduce the scaling loss of bismuth and magnesium elements.In bismuth antimony magnesium
Between Mg of the fusing point higher than brass fusing point (880 DEG C or so) in alloy structure3Sb2(1245 DEG C) compound, is entered by the way of dissolving
In entering copper alloy liquid.Mg of the fusing point less than brass fusing point (880 DEG C or so)3Bi2(821 DEG C) compound, is entered by the way of fusing
In entering copper alloy liquid.
After above-mentioned technological invention is carried out, due to bismuth of the present invention weight/mass percentage composition be 40%~45% when, magnesium
Dystectic intermetallic compound (Mg is formed with bismuth and antimony respectively3Sb2：1245℃、Mg3Bi2：821 DEG C), hence it is evident that higher than pure bismuth
Fusing point；The existing Mg higher than copper alloy fusing point in intermediate alloy3Sb2Compound, there is the Mg less than copper alloy fusing point again3Bi2Change
Compound, thus using alloy of the present invention be feasible as the stokehold Alloying Treatment of free-cutting copper alloy, and bismuth recovery rate
Height, it is achieved thereby that the purpose of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The brief description of preparation method of the present invention is：Method using melting, permanent mold casting and Mechanical Crushing implements this
Invention：By the charge ratio dispensing of technical pure bismuth, industrial star antimony and pure magnesium as needed for preparing the present invention, fusing point is first melted higher
Industrial star antimony and pure magnesium obtain antimony magnesium alloy fused mass, no longer heat, then the relatively low technical pure bismuth of fusing point is added to antimony
In magnesium alloy fused mass and be stirred, to accelerate the dissolution velocity of bismuth, constantly reduced due to the temperature of melt in fusion process and
Smelting time is short, therefore can reduce the scaling loss amount of bismuth and magnesium elements；After bismuth all dissolves in antimony magnesium alloy fused mass, then
It is poured into as early as possible in metal mold and is quickly cooled down, to avoid the segregation of bismuth, obtains bismuth antimony magnesium alloy of the invention；Due to this hair
Bright bismuth antimony magnesium alloy is more crisp, if desired during short grained bismuth antimony magnesium alloy, artificial or machine can be carried out to alloy of the present invention
Tool is crushed.There is dystectic Mg simultaneously in bismuth antimony magnesium intermediate alloy tissue3Sb2(1245 DEG C) and Mg3Bi2(821 DEG C) chemical combination
Thing, Mg of the fusing point higher than brass fusing point (880 DEG C or so)3Sb2(1245 DEG C) compound, copper alloy is entered by the way of dissolving
In liquid, Mg of the fusing point less than brass fusing point (880 DEG C or so)3Bi2(821 DEG C) compound, copper alloy is entered by the way of fusing
In liquid, the scaling loss of bismuth and magnesium elements can be substantially reduced.
When bismuth antimony magnesium free-cutting brass is prepared, the addition of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy of the present invention is brass alloys material quality
0.66%-1.2%.
Implementation method one
The weight/mass percentage composition of a kind of bismuth antimony alloy, its component and each component is (%)：Bismuth 40, magnesium 20%, unavoidably
Impurity：≤ 0.8, antimony：Surplus；, in bulk, its lumpiness is in 45mm for bismuth antimony alloy；In 3000 grams of Cu-42Zn brass alloys of melting
When, to the bismuth antimony magnesium alloy that 20 grams are added in alloy melt, the recovery rate of bismuth is 98%.
Implementation method two
The weight/mass percentage composition of a kind of bismuth antimony alloy, its component and each component is (%)：Bismuth 42.5, magnesium 15% can not be kept away
The impurity exempted from：≤ 0.8, antimony：Surplus；Bismuth antimony alloy is in granular form, and its particle diameter is in the range of 1~5mm；In 3000 grams of Cu- of melting
During 42Zn brass alloys, to the bismuth antimony magnesium alloy that 27 grams are added in alloy melt, the recovery rate of bismuth is 96%.
Implementation method three
The weight/mass percentage composition of a kind of bismuth antimony alloy, its component and each component is (%)：Bismuth 45, magnesium 10%, unavoidably
Impurity：≤ 0.8, antimony：Surplus；Bismuth antimony alloy is in granular form, and its particle diameter is in the range of 1~5mm；In 3000 grams of Cu- of melting
During 42Zn brass alloys, to the bismuth antimony magnesium alloy that 35 grams are added in alloy melt, the recovery rate of bismuth is 95%.
When preparing bismuth antimony magnesium free-cutting copper alloy using the present invention, as a result show that its Adding Way is simple and feasible, bismuth
The recovery rate of magnesium and antimony all more than 95%, higher than using refined bismuth or Guillaume metal when recovery rate.
Range of application of the invention, is not limited by the description of its specification.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy for preparing free-cutting brass, it is characterised in that：Its component is according to weight/mass percentage composition meter
It is：Bismuth：40~45, magnesium 10~20%；Inevitable impurity：≤0.8；Antimony：Surplus；Using melting, permanent mold casting and
The method of Mechanical Crushing obtains bismuth antimony magnesium alloy.
2. a kind of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy for preparing free-cutting brass as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Bismuth antimony magnesium is closed
There is dystectic Mg simultaneously in payment organization3Sb2The Mg of (1245 DEG C) and low melting point3Bi2(821 DEG C) compound, can substantially reduce
The scaling loss of bismuth and magnesium elements.
3. a kind of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy for preparing free-cutting brass as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Bismuth antimony magnesium is closed
Mg of the fusing point higher than brass fusing point in payment organization3Sb2Compound, is entered in copper alloy liquid by the way of dissolving；Fusing point is less than Huang
The Mg of copper fusing point3Bi2Compound, is entered in copper alloy liquid by the way of fusing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611164644.XA CN106834800A (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | A kind of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy and preparation method for preparing free-cutting brass |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611164644.XA CN106834800A (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | A kind of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy and preparation method for preparing free-cutting brass |
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| CN106834800A true CN106834800A (en) | 2017-06-13 |
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| CN201611164644.XA Pending CN106834800A (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | A kind of bismuth antimony magnesium alloy and preparation method for preparing free-cutting brass |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109627002A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-16 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of new method quickly preparing antimony Mg base thermoelectricity material |
| CN114959357A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-30 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Bismuth-base alloy and energy-storage heat exchange method |
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| CN102477497A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-05-30 | 逢威工业(惠阳)有限公司 | Non-lead-bismuth easily-cut antimony brass alloy |
| JP2014133939A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-24 | Kyoto Univ | Method for producing titanium |
| CN103993198A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-20 | 常州大学 | Bismuth-antimony alloy for preparing bismuth-antimony easily-cut brass and preparation method of bismuth-antimony alloy |
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2016
- 2016-12-16 CN CN201611164644.XA patent/CN106834800A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN1557981A (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2004-12-29 | 宁波博威集团有限公司 | Non-lead free cutting antimony yellow copper alloy |
| CN102477497A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-05-30 | 逢威工业(惠阳)有限公司 | Non-lead-bismuth easily-cut antimony brass alloy |
| JP2014133939A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-24 | Kyoto Univ | Method for producing titanium |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109627002A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-16 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of new method quickly preparing antimony Mg base thermoelectricity material |
| CN114959357A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-30 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Bismuth-base alloy and energy-storage heat exchange method |
| CN114959357B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-04-25 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Bismuth base alloy and energy storage heat exchange method |
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Application publication date: 20170613 |