CN106830895A - 一种低成本环保透水地砖 - Google Patents

一种低成本环保透水地砖 Download PDF

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CN106830895A
CN106830895A CN201611258881.2A CN201611258881A CN106830895A CN 106830895 A CN106830895 A CN 106830895A CN 201611258881 A CN201611258881 A CN 201611258881A CN 106830895 A CN106830895 A CN 106830895A
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薛念念
汤俊怀
李青松
王军
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Anhui city clean environment Technology Co., Ltd.
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Anhui Huapu Environmental Remediation Mstar Technology Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种低成本环保透水地砖，其原料按重量份包括：稻壳5‑12份，花生壳7‑14份，天然橡胶1‑5份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯1‑3份，羧甲基纤维素钠0.5‑1.2份，碳酸铵2‑4份，碳酸镁0.5‑1.5份，珍珠岩2‑8份，石英砂2‑10份，沸石粉3‑12份，煤矸石8‑14份，低温砂10‑20份，竹炭粉7‑14份，粉煤灰10‑18份，麦饭石5‑12份，玻璃微珠4‑8份，废弃陶瓷30‑50份，水滑石粉复合物40‑80份，紫砂矿土20‑50份，铁尾矿15‑35份。本发明透水速度快，日晒天气向空气释放水汽快，成本低，环保。

Description

一种低成本环保透水地砖
技术领域
本发明涉及透水砖技术领域，尤其涉及一种低成本环保透水地砖。
背景技术
随着城市不断的扩张和楼房不断的扩建，随之不断增长的还有建筑业的要求和技术，其中下水道系统是建筑物的基础设施之一，尤其在雨量大的城市更应注重下水道的建设与改进，现有的下水道系统仅仅通过下水口还排水，下水口有限，排水量小，排水速度慢，不利于雨水的快速下排，容易造成城市的交通堵塞，目前步行道地面砖不能透水，使路面积满了污水，给行者带来很多不便，亟待解决。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种低成本环保透水地砖，透水速度快，日晒天气向空气释放水汽快，成本低，环保。
本发明提出的一种低成本环保透水地砖，其原料按重量份包括：稻壳5-12份，花生壳7-14份，天然橡胶1-5份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯1-3份，羧甲基纤维素钠0.5-1.2份，碳酸铵2-4份，碳酸镁0.5-1.5份，珍珠岩2-8份，石英砂2-10份，沸石粉3-12份，煤矸石8-14份，低温砂10-20份，竹炭粉7-14份，粉煤灰10-18份，麦饭石5-12份，玻璃微珠4-8份，废弃陶瓷30-50份，水滑石粉复合物40-80份，紫砂矿土20-50份，铁尾矿15-35份。
优选地，水滑石粉复合物采用如下工艺制备：将水滑石粉、硅溶胶超声分散，加入水玻璃搅拌，搅拌温度为60-70℃，加入硅酸镁铝、羧甲基纤维素、四硼酸锂继续搅拌，搅拌温度为60-70℃，得到预处理水滑石粉；将云母粉、硅烷偶联剂KH560、乙醇溶液超声震荡，在温度70-85℃搅拌，过滤，干燥，加入盐酸混合搅拌，过滤，洗涤，加入二氧化硅、预处理水滑石粉、无水丙醇、水混合超声，过滤，洗涤，干燥，得到水滑石粉复合物。
优选地，硅溶胶固含量为15-22％；且水滑石粉、硅溶胶、水玻璃的重量比为10-20：60-100：1-4。
优选地，云母粉、硅烷偶联剂KH560的重量比为15-35：0.5-1.2。
优选地，二氧化硅、预处理水滑石粉的重量比为20-40：20-35。
优选地，硅酸镁铝、羧甲基纤维素、四硼酸锂的重量比为1-2：2-6：1-2。
优选地，水滑石粉复合物采用如下工艺制备：
按重量份将10-20份水滑石粉、60-100份固含量为15-22％的硅溶胶超声分散40-60min，加入1-4份水玻璃搅拌60-80min，搅拌温度为60-70℃，加入1-2份硅酸镁铝、2-6份羧甲基纤维素、1-2份四硼酸锂继续搅拌35-45min，搅拌温度为60-70℃，得到预处理水滑石粉；
按重量份将15-35份云母粉、0.5-1.2份硅烷偶联剂KH560、60-100份浓度为60-70wt％乙醇溶液超声震荡25-45min，在温度70-85℃搅拌0.5-2.5h，过滤，干燥，加入100-140份浓度为1-1.8mol/L盐酸混合搅拌30-60min，过滤，洗涤，加入20-40份二氧化硅、20-35份预处理水滑石粉、20-40份无水丙醇、65-80份水混合超声30-45min，过滤，洗涤，干燥，得到水滑石粉复合物。
优选地，所述的低成本环保透水地砖，其原料按重量份包括：稻壳8-10份，花生壳10-12份，天然橡胶2-4份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯1.5-2份，羧甲基纤维素钠0.8-1份，碳酸铵2.5-3份，碳酸镁0.8-1.2份，珍珠岩4-6份，石英砂5-8份，沸石粉6-8份，煤矸石11-13份，低温砂14-16份，竹炭粉10-12份，粉煤灰14-16份，麦饭石8-10份，玻璃微珠5-7份，废弃陶瓷42-46份，水滑石粉复合物60-68份，紫砂矿土35-42份，铁尾矿26-30份。
本发明中，预处理水滑石粉流动性好，透气透水性及强度极高，且具有稳定的网络结构，在绢云母表面沉积一层至数层的纳米二氧化硅，形成微球壳结构，可充分利用绢云母与二氧化硅的优点，具有很好的抗紫外性能与分散性，并与预处理水滑石粉配合混参性极好，且可吸附高温融化的水玻璃，防止其对原料中其他砂料的侵蚀，有效的改善砖质量，成本极低，水滑石粉复合物与废弃陶瓷、紫砂矿土、铁尾矿配合，不仅透水透气性极好，且可解决上述废弃物难易处理的问题，达到节能环保的要求，另外水滑石粉复合物与粉煤灰、麦饭石、煤矸石、玻璃微珠、稻壳、花生壳配合，形成层层通孔的结构，有利于提高砖体的孔隙率，从而可以提高透水率，不仅透水速度快，日晒天气向空气释放水汽快，配合天然橡胶、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、羧甲基纤维素钠作用，制品可塑性良好，通过烧结，砖体中形成连续的通孔，具有良好的渗透性，同时保留了极强的抗折强度以及抗压强度，本发明制成的产品原料来源广泛，成本低，有助于保护矿产资源与生态资源。本发明渗水砖头有利于大规模生产，渗水率高，渗水速度快，安全可靠，使用寿命长，坚固耐用，在渗水砖头的普及上有着广泛的市场前景。
具体实施方式
下面，通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种低成本环保透水地砖，其原料按重量份包括：稻壳12份，花生壳7份，天然橡胶5份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯1份，羧甲基纤维素钠1.2份，碳酸铵2份，碳酸镁1.5份，珍珠岩2份，石英砂10份，沸石粉3份，煤矸石14份，低温砂10份，竹炭粉14份，粉煤灰10份，麦饭石12份，玻璃微珠4份，废弃陶瓷50份，水滑石粉复合物40份，紫砂矿土50份，铁尾矿15份。
实施例2
一种低成本环保透水地砖，其原料按重量份包括：稻壳5份，花生壳14份，天然橡胶1份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯3份，羧甲基纤维素钠0.5份，碳酸铵4份，碳酸镁0.5份，珍珠岩8份，石英砂2份，沸石粉12份，煤矸石8份，低温砂20份，竹炭粉7份，粉煤灰18份，麦饭石5份，玻璃微珠8份，废弃陶瓷30份，水滑石粉复合物80份，紫砂矿土20份，铁尾矿35份。
实施例3
一种低成本环保透水地砖，其原料按重量份包括：稻壳8份，花生壳12份，天然橡胶2份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯2份，羧甲基纤维素钠0.8份，碳酸铵3份，碳酸镁0.8份，珍珠岩6份，石英砂5份，沸石粉8份，煤矸石11份，低温砂16份，竹炭粉10份，粉煤灰16份，麦饭石8份，玻璃微珠7份，废弃陶瓷42份，水滑石粉复合物68份，紫砂矿土35份，铁尾矿30份。
水滑石粉复合物采用如下工艺制备：
按重量份将10份水滑石粉、100份固含量为15％的硅溶胶超声分散60min，加入1份水玻璃搅拌80min，搅拌温度为60℃，加入2份硅酸镁铝、2份羧甲基纤维素、2份四硼酸锂继续搅拌35min，搅拌温度为70℃，得到预处理水滑石粉；
按重量份将15份云母粉、1.2份硅烷偶联剂KH560、60份浓度为70wt％乙醇溶液超声震荡25min，在温度85℃搅拌0.5h，过滤，干燥，加入140份浓度为1mol/L盐酸混合搅拌60min，过滤，洗涤，加入20份二氧化硅、35份预处理水滑石粉、20份无水丙醇、80份水混合超声30min，过滤，洗涤，干燥，得到水滑石粉复合物。
实施例4
一种低成本环保透水地砖，其原料按重量份包括：稻壳10份，花生壳10份，天然橡胶4份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯1.5份，羧甲基纤维素钠1份，碳酸铵2.5份，碳酸镁1.2份，珍珠岩4份，石英砂8份，沸石粉6份，煤矸石13份，低温砂14份，竹炭粉12份，粉煤灰14份，麦饭石10份，玻璃微珠5份，废弃陶瓷-46份，水滑石粉复合物60份，紫砂矿土42份，铁尾矿26份。
水滑石粉复合物采用如下工艺制备：
按重量份将20份水滑石粉、60份固含量为22％的硅溶胶超声分散40min，加入4份水玻璃搅拌60min，搅拌温度为70℃，加入1份硅酸镁铝、6份羧甲基纤维素、1份四硼酸锂继续搅拌45min，搅拌温度为60℃，得到预处理水滑石粉；
按重量份将35份云母粉、0.5份硅烷偶联剂KH560、100份浓度为60wt％乙醇溶液超声震荡45min，在温度70℃搅拌2.5h，过滤，干燥，加入100份浓度为1.8mol/L盐酸混合搅拌30min，过滤，洗涤，加入40份二氧化硅、20份预处理水滑石粉、40份无水丙醇、65份水混合超声45min，过滤，洗涤，干燥，得到水滑石粉复合物。
实施例5
一种低成本环保透水地砖，其原料按重量份包括：稻壳9份，花生壳11份，天然橡胶3份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯1.75份，羧甲基纤维素钠0.95份，碳酸铵2.8份，碳酸镁0.95份，珍珠岩5份，石英砂6份，沸石粉7份，煤矸石12份，低温砂15份，竹炭粉11份，粉煤灰15份，麦饭石9份，玻璃微珠6份，废弃陶瓷44份，水滑石粉复合物63份，紫砂矿土38份，铁尾矿28份。
水滑石粉复合物采用如下工艺制备：
按重量份将14份水滑石粉、85份固含量为18.2％的硅溶胶超声分散55min，加入2.5份水玻璃搅拌72min，搅拌温度为65℃，加入1.6份硅酸镁铝、4份羧甲基纤维素、1.2份四硼酸锂继续搅拌42min，搅拌温度为66℃，得到预处理水滑石粉；
按重量份将24份云母粉、0.85份硅烷偶联剂KH560、85份浓度为66wt％乙醇溶液超声震荡32min，在温度78℃搅拌1.5h，过滤，干燥，加入120份浓度为1.6mol/L盐酸混合搅拌55min，过滤，洗涤，加入32份二氧化硅、28份预处理水滑石粉、36份无水丙醇、72份水混合超声38min，过滤，洗涤，干燥，得到水滑石粉复合物。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种低成本环保透水地砖，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：稻壳5-12份，花生壳7-14份，天然橡胶1-5份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯1-3份，羧甲基纤维素钠0.5-1.2份，碳酸铵2-4份，碳酸镁0.5-1.5份，珍珠岩2-8份，石英砂2-10份，沸石粉3-12份，煤矸石8-14份，低温砂10-20份，竹炭粉7-14份，粉煤灰10-18份，麦饭石5-12份，玻璃微珠4-8份，废弃陶瓷30-50份，水滑石粉复合物40-80份，紫砂矿土20-50份，铁尾矿15-35份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低成本环保透水地砖，其特征在于，水滑石粉复合物采用如下工艺制备：将水滑石粉、硅溶胶超声分散，加入水玻璃搅拌，搅拌温度为60-70℃，加入硅酸镁铝、羧甲基纤维素、四硼酸锂继续搅拌，搅拌温度为60-70℃，得到预处理水滑石粉；将云母粉、硅烷偶联剂KH560、乙醇溶液超声震荡，在温度70-85℃搅拌，过滤，干燥，加入盐酸混合搅拌，过滤，洗涤，加入二氧化硅、预处理水滑石粉、无水丙醇、水混合超声，过滤，洗涤，干燥，得到水滑石粉复合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的低成本环保透水地砖，其特征在于，硅溶胶固含量为15-22％；且水滑石粉、硅溶胶、水玻璃的重量比为10-20：60-100：1-4。
4.根据权利要求2所述的低成本环保透水地砖，其特征在于，云母粉、硅烷偶联剂KH560的重量比为15-35：0.5-1.2。
5.根据权利要求2所述的低成本环保透水地砖，其特征在于，二氧化硅、预处理水滑石粉的重量比为20-40：20-35。
6.根据权利要求2所述的低成本环保透水地砖，其特征在于，硅酸镁铝、羧甲基纤维素、四硼酸锂的重量比为1-2：2-6：1-2。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的低成本环保透水地砖，其特征在于，水滑石粉复合物采用如下工艺制备：
按重量份将10-20份水滑石粉、60-100份固含量为15-22％的硅溶胶超声分散40-60min，加入1-4份水玻璃搅拌60-80min，搅拌温度为60-70℃，加入1-2份硅酸镁铝、2-6份羧甲基纤维素、1-2份四硼酸锂继续搅拌35-45min，搅拌温度为60-70℃，得到预处理水滑石粉；
按重量份将15-35份云母粉、0.5-1.2份硅烷偶联剂KH560、60-100份浓度为60-70wt％乙醇溶液超声震荡25-45min，在温度70-85℃搅拌0.5-2.5h，过滤，干燥，加入100-140份浓度为1-1.8mol/L盐酸混合搅拌30-60min，过滤，洗涤，加入20-40份二氧化硅、20-35份预处理水滑石粉、20-40份无水丙醇、65-80份水混合超声30-45min，过滤，洗涤，干燥，得到水滑石粉复合物。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的低成本环保透水地砖，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：稻壳8-10份，花生壳10-12份，天然橡胶2-4份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯1.5-2份，羧甲基纤维素钠0.8-1份，碳酸铵2.5-3份，碳酸镁0.8-1.2份，珍珠岩4-6份，石英砂5-8份，沸石粉6-8份，煤矸石11-13份，低温砂14-16份，竹炭粉10-12份，粉煤灰14-16份，麦饭石8-10份，玻璃微珠5-7份，废弃陶瓷42-46份，水滑石粉复合物60-68份，紫砂矿土35-42份，铁尾矿26-30份。
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