CN106827536A - 3D printer adjustable nozzle component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable nozzle assembly for a 3D printer, comprising: a heat insulation mechanism including an upper tube, a middle tube and a lower tube; One end of the material tube fits with the neck, and the other end abuts against the upper surface of the middle tube; the lower tube is screwed to the heating block; the nozzle includes a screw joint and a sliding part, and the screw joint is screwed to the heating block; the adjustment mechanism includes : an inverted T-shaped bar; a disc, which includes a storage tank and a storage tank. A plurality of extrusion holes are arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the storage tank. The upper condensation part is provided with an upper threaded hole matching the lower threaded hole of the threaded part, so that when the nozzle and the disc are screwed together, the central hole of the sliding part is aligned with one of the extrusion holes. The invention has the beneficial effects of effectively diffusing the heat transferred to the cooling pipe, matching the adjustment mechanism and the nozzle, and adjusting the size of the aperture of the nozzle.

Description

3D printer with adjustable nozzle assembly

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing. More specifically, the present invention relates to an adjustable nozzle assembly for a 3D printer.

Background technique

Fused filament deposition modeling is currently the fastest-growing and most promising 3D printing rapid prototyping technology. The working principle of fused deposition modeling is that the hot-melt material, such as ABS, is first melted by the heater and drawn into a filament, and then the FDM molding equipment sends the filament-shaped printing material into the hot-melt nozzle through the wire feeding mechanism, and is drawn in the nozzle. Heating and melting, the nozzle moves along the section profile and filling trajectory of the part, extrudes the semi-fluid material according to the path controlled by the CAD layered data of the processed product, deposits it at the designated position, solidifies and forms, and bonds with the surrounding materials, layer by layer Build up. Each layer is accumulated on the previous layer, and the previous layer plays a role in positioning and supporting the current layer, so processes such as FDM are called 3D printing technology. The material of the melt extrusion molding (FDM) process is generally a thermoplastic material, which is fed in filament form through a wire feeding mechanism.

The fuse deposition molding mechanism includes a three-axis motion mechanism, a wire feeding mechanism, a printing nozzle and a control mechanism. Among them, the wire feeding structure sends the filamentous printing material into the printing nozzle through the motor to melt it for printing; the heating device in the printing nozzle heats the filamentous printing material fed by the wire feeding mechanism to a molten state, and then the unmelted material of the wire feeding mechanism Under the extrusion force, the extruded printing nozzle is deposited on the previous layer of product for cooling and forming. At present, 3D printers based on FDM technology often encounter the problem of blockage caused by wire expansion during use. The main reason is that the plastic wire melts at the hot end of the nozzle after being heated. The upward transmission causes the wire above the hot end to expand, and the wire expands to produce a huge friction force with the inner lining, causing the problem of difficult wire feeding, and the inner diameter section shape of the extrusion nozzle of the conventional 3D printer print head is only a fixed circle. The volume of the nozzle spraying wire per unit time is constant. Due to the non-adjustable cross-sectional area of the inner diameter of the nozzle, the printing speed of the 3D printer cannot be effectively controlled. However, different printing speeds are required for different printing purposes and different printing areas.

Contents of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to solve at least the above-mentioned problems and to provide at least the advantages which will be described later.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an adjustable nozzle assembly for a 3D printer, which can effectively diffuse the heat transferred to the heat pipe, and the matching use of the adjustment mechanism and the nozzle can adjust the aperture size of the nozzle at intervals, and can effectively realize Control of the extrusion speed of the printer nozzle.

In order to achieve these objects and other advantages according to the present invention, an adjustable spray head assembly for a 3D printer is provided, including a heat dissipation mechanism, a material guide tube, a heat insulation mechanism, a heating blocks and nozzles;

The heat insulation mechanism includes an integrally formed and connected upper tube, a middle tube and a lower tube, and the outer circumference of the upper tube and the lower tube both have external threads;

The heat dissipation mechanism includes a heat dissipation pipe and a plurality of heat dissipation fins arranged at circumferential intervals along the outer wall of the heat dissipation pipe, wherein the end of the heat dissipation pipe close to the heat insulation mechanism has a groove, and the upper pipe is inserted into the groove. The groove is screwed to the heat dissipation pipe, and the end of the heat dissipation pipe away from the heat insulation mechanism is condensed inwardly to form a constriction;

One end of the material guide pipe is inserted into the heat dissipation pipe and fitted to the necking, and the other end abuts against the upper surface of the middle pipe;

The upper surface of the heating block is recessed downward to form a receiving groove, the lower surface of the heating block is recessed upward to form a through hole, the bottom surface of the receiving groove communicates with the top surface of the through hole, wherein the lower tube is inserted into the The accommodating tank is screwed with the heating block;

The nozzle includes integrally formed tubular and connected screw parts and sliding parts, the outer peripheral diameter of the cross section of the sliding part is larger than the outer peripheral diameter of the cross section of the screw part, wherein the screw part is inserted into The through hole is screwed with the heating block, the top surface of the sliding part is located on the two sides opposite to the screwing part and has two lower threaded holes, the bottom surface of the sliding part is provided with two sliders at a distance, The connecting line of the slider passes through the center of the bottom surface of the sliding part, and the distance between the two sliders and the center of the bottom surface of the sliding part is equal;

Also included is a regulating mechanism comprising:

An inverted T-shaped bar, which includes a vertical bar vertically fixed to the lower surface of the heating block, and a horizontal bar fixed to the lower end surface of the vertical bar;

The disc is horizontally arranged on the lower side of the cross bar, and the center of the upper surface of the disc is provided with a receiving groove for accommodating the cross bar, so that the disc rotates horizontally with the vertical bar as the axis. The upper surface of the disk is provided with a circular storage groove along the circumferential direction, so that the sliding part of the nozzle is accommodated when the disk rotates. A plurality of extrusion holes are arranged at intervals at the center of the bottom surface of the storage groove. The upper end of the storage groove Inwardly condensing to form a condensing part with a bayonet. The condensing parts located on both sides above each of the extrusion holes are provided with upper threaded holes that match the lower threaded holes of the threaded part to fix the threaded part by screwing. When the nozzle is connected to the disc, the center hole of the sliding part is aligned with one of the extrusion holes, wherein a plurality of extrusion holes form a circular ring, and the diameters of the holes decrease successively, and the maximum diameter of the extrusion holes is equal to the The aperture of the nozzle, the minimum aperture of the extrusion hole is equal to 1/2 of the aperture of the nozzle, and there is a gap on the condensation part between the maximum aperture and the minimum aperture of the extrusion hole, so that all the sliding part enters and exits the storage slot;

Wherein, the tube wall of the upper tube is made of aluminum alloy material, the tube wall of the lower tube is made of red copper material, the tube wall of the middle tube includes a stainless steel shell, and the gas filled in the shell gel;

The apertures of the necking, the feed pipe, the middle pipe, the lower pipe, and the spray head are the same and communicated in sequence.

Preferably, the thickness of the cooling fins increases sequentially from top to bottom, and the distance between any two adjacent cooling fins decreases sequentially from top to bottom.

Preferably, the ratio of the height of the accommodating groove to the height of the through hole is 1:6.

Preferably, a ring of steel balls is arranged on the inner wall of the accommodation groove along the circumference, the steel balls are located between the inner wall of the accommodation groove and the two ends of the cross bar, and the top surface of the disc is located in the accommodation groove. A protrusion is fixed in the center, the protrusion is in the shape of a semicircular bead, and one end of the T-shaped bar located on the top surface of the disk is recessed inward to accommodate the protrusion.

Preferably, the tube wall of the heat dissipation pipe is a hollow structure with a thickness of 2-3mm, and the tube wall of the heat dissipation tube is filled with a heat conducting material.

Preferably, the heat-conducting material is one of heat-conducting silicone grease, heat-conducting paste, and heat-dissipating oil.

The present invention at least includes the following beneficial effects:

First, the use of the heat dissipation mechanism in the adjustable nozzle assembly for 3D printers according to the present invention can effectively diffuse the heat transferred to the heat dissipation pipe. The heat insulation mechanism includes an integrally formed and connected upper pipe, middle pipe and lower pipe , wherein, the upper tube is inserted into the groove of the heat dissipation pipe, and it is made of aluminum alloy material. The aluminum alloy material has a certain hardness so that the heat dissipation pipe is fixedly connected with the heat insulation mechanism, and at the same time, it is a good conductor of heat , does not affect the export of heat from the heat pipe. The middle pipe includes a stainless steel shell and airgel, both of which are poor conductors of heat, and the airgel is fixed in the stainless steel shell to increase the effect of heat insulation and benefit the upper pipe. and the fixing between the lower tube and the middle tube, the lower tube is made of red copper material, its thermal conductivity is very high, it does not affect the heat transfer of the heating block while playing a fixing role, effectively avoiding the formation of hot spots, adjusting The supporting use of the mechanism and the nozzle can adjust the size of the aperture of the nozzle at intervals, and can effectively realize the regulation of the extrusion speed of the printer nozzle.

Second, because the heating of the radiating pipes is not uniform according to the present invention, the temperature at the end close to the heating block is much higher than that at the end far away from the heating block. Good cooling effect.

Third, the setting of the height of the accommodating groove and the through hole in the heating block of the present invention can effectively use the heating block to act on the consumables in the nozzle, and improve the use of the heat of the heating block efficiency.

Fourth, the material guide tube of the present invention is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, which effectively reduces the friction between the consumables and the inner wall of the material guide tube, and avoids the problem that the consumables are difficult to move in the material guide tube.

Fifth, the semicircular bead-shaped protrusion and the T-shaped bar of the present invention are recessed inward at one end on the top surface of the disc to accommodate the setting of the protrusion, which can better solve the problem of the disc rotating around the T-shaped bar .

Sixth, the wall of the radiating pipe according to the present invention is filled with heat-conducting material, which further improves the efficiency of deriving heat from the radiating pipe.

Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will partly be embodied through the following descriptions, and partly will be understood by those skilled in the art through the study and practice of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the disassembled view of the structure of the adjustable nozzle assembly for the 3D printer of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the combined structural diagram of the adjustable nozzle assembly for the 3D printer of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of nozzle described in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of disc described in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the bottom view of the disc of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a top view of the upper surface of the disk according to the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it with reference to the description.

It should be understood that terms such as "having", "comprising" and "including" as used herein do not entail the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

As shown in Figures 1-6, the present invention provides an adjustable nozzle 4 assembly for a 3D printer, including a heat dissipation mechanism 1, a material guide tube 5, a heat insulation mechanism 2, The heating block 3 and the shower head 4 are characterized in that;

The heat insulation mechanism 2 includes an upper tube 20 , a middle tube 21 and a lower tube 22 which are integrally formed and communicated. Both the outer circumference of the upper tube 20 and the lower tube 22 have external threads. screw connection, the lower tube 22 is used for screw connection with the heating block 3;

The heat dissipation mechanism 1 includes a heat dissipation pipe 10, and a plurality of heat dissipation fins 11 arranged at intervals up and down along the circumference of the outer wall of the heat dissipation pipe 10, wherein one end of the heat dissipation pipe 10 close to the heat insulation mechanism 2 has a groove 12, The groove 12 is circular, and the inner wall of the groove 12 has an internal thread matched with the external thread of the upper pipe 20. Screw connection, after the upper tube 20 is screwed into the heat dissipation pipe 10, the upper surface of the middle pipe 21 located in the upper pipe 20 is in contact with the lower end surface of the heat dissipation pipe 10, and the heat dissipation pipe 10 One end away from the heat insulation mechanism 2 is condensed horizontally inward to form a constriction 13;

One end of the guide tube 5 is inserted into the heat pipe 10 and fitted to the neck 13, and the other end abuts against the upper surface of the middle tube 21, that is, the length of the guide tube 5 is equal to The height from the lower surface of the necking 13 of the heat dissipation pipe 10 to the lower end surface of the heat dissipation pipe 10;

The upper surface of the heating block 3 is sunken downward to form an accommodating groove 30, the accommodating groove 30 is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the accommodating groove 30 has an internal thread matched with the external thread of the lower tube 22, so The lower tube 22 is inserted into the accommodation groove 30 to be screwed with the heating block 3, and after the lower tube 22 is screwed into the heating block 3, the middle tube 21 is located outside the lower tube 22. The lower surface is in contact with the upper surface of the heating block 3, and the lower surface of the heating block 3 is recessed upwards to form a through hole 31. The bottom surface of the accommodating groove 30 communicates with the top surface of the through hole 31, and the size of the connected aperture is equal to The size of the aperture of the through hole 31;

The nozzle 4 includes a screw part 40 and a sliding part 41 which are integrally formed in a tubular shape and communicated with each other. The diameters of the screw part 40 and the sliding part 41 are the same, and the outer diameter of the cross section of the sliding part 41 is larger than The diameter of the outer circumference of the cross section of the threaded part 40, wherein the through hole 31 has an internal thread, the threaded part 40 has an external thread matched with the through hole 31, and the threaded part 40 is inserted into The through hole 31 is screwed to the heating block 3 , and after the threaded portion 40 is completely screwed to the through hole 31 , the upper end surface of the screwed portion 40 abuts against the lower tube 22 . The lower end surface, the upper end surface of the sliding part 41 is not in contact with the lower end surface of the heating block 3, and the top surface of the sliding part 41 has two lower threaded holes 43 on opposite sides of the screw part 40, The bottom surface of the sliding part 41 is located on the opposite sides of the screw part 40 and two sliders 42 are arranged at opposite intervals. The connecting line of the two sliders 42 passes through the center of the bottom surface of the sliding part 41, and the two sliders 42 is equal to the distance from the center of the bottom surface of the sliding part 41;

Also included is a regulating mechanism comprising:

An inverted T-shaped bar 60, which includes a vertical bar that is vertically fixed to the lower surface of the heating block 3, and a horizontal bar that is horizontally fixed to the lower end surface of the vertical bar;

The disc 61 is horizontally arranged on the lower side of the cross bar, and the center of the upper surface of the disc 61 protrudes upwards 69 and is provided with an accommodating groove 63 for accommodating the cross bar, so that the disc 61 can be vertically The rod rotates horizontally on the axis, and the upper surface of the disk 61 is recessed downward along the circumferential direction to provide a circular storage groove 64, so that the sliding part 41 of the nozzle 4 can be accommodated when the disk 61 rotates. A plurality of extrusion holes 65 are arranged at intervals at the center of the bottom surface of the groove 64, and the upper end of the receiving groove 64 is condensed horizontally inward to form a condensation portion 67 with a bayonet 66, and the condensation portions on both sides above each of the extrusion holes 65 67 are provided with an upper threaded hole 68 that matches the lower threaded hole 43 of the threaded part 40, so that when the nozzle 4 and the disk 61 are screwed together, the center hole of the sliding part 41 is aligned with one of them. Extrusion holes 65, wherein a plurality of extrusion holes 65 form a circular ring, and the apertures decrease successively, the maximum aperture of the extrusion holes 65 is equal to the aperture of the nozzle 4, and the minimum aperture of the extrusion holes 65 Equal to one-half of the hole diameter of the spray head 4, there is a gap 670 on the condensation part 67 between the maximum hole diameter and the minimum hole diameter of the extrusion hole 65, so that the sliding part 41 enters and exits the receiving groove 64, wherein, as shown in Figure 4-6, there are a total of six extrusion holes 65 with gradually changing sizes, which is only one of the technical solutions, the number of extrusion holes 65, and the size of the aperture can be set according to the actual need to be set;

Wherein, the tube wall of the upper tube 20 is made of aluminum alloy material, the tube wall of the lower tube 22 is made of copper material, the tube wall of the middle tube 21 includes a stainless steel shell 210, and is filled in the Airgel 211 within housing 210;

The apertures of the necking 13 , the material guide pipe 5 , the middle pipe 21 , the lower pipe 22 , and the nozzle 4 are the same and communicated in sequence.

In the above technical solution, during use, the filamentary material used for printing passes through the material guide pipe 5, reaches the heat insulation mechanism 2, and then reaches the nozzle 4 in the heating block 3 through the heat insulation mechanism 2, and the filamentary material used for printing The material melts into a liquid material under the action of the heating block 3, and the melted material filament is extruded through the nozzle 4 to the extrusion hole 65 of the disc 61, and then the disc 61 and the nozzle 4 move accurately along the contour of each section of the part , Extrude the semi-fluid thermoplastic material to deposit and solidify into a precise thin layer of the actual part, covering the built part, and solidify rapidly. Every time a layer of molding is completed, the workbench will be lowered by a layer of height, and then the next step will be carried out. The scanning spinneret of the layer section is deposited layer by layer repeatedly until the last layer, so that a solid model or part is accumulated layer by layer from bottom to top, wherein, during the printing process of the printer, the inner diameter section of the nozzle 4 can be adjusted The area can effectively control the printing speed of the 3D printer.

In another technical solution, the thickness of the cooling fins 11 increases sequentially from top to bottom, and the distance between any two adjacent cooling fins 11 decreases sequentially from top to bottom. With this technical solution, because the heat dissipation pipe 10 is heated unevenly, the temperature at the end close to the heating block 3 is much higher than that at the end far away from the heating block 3, and the thickness and spacing of the cooling fins 11 can be set to use the minimum amount of heat dissipation. Sheet 11 achieves the best heat dissipation effect.

In another technical solution, the ratio of the height of the accommodating groove 30 to the height of the through hole 31 is 1:6. With this technical solution, the height of the accommodating groove 30 and the through hole 31 in the heating block 3 can effectively use the heating block 3 to act on the consumables in the nozzle 4 while serving as a link between the upper and the lower. Improve the use efficiency of the heating block 3 heat.

In another technical solution, the material guide tube 5 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. By adopting this technical solution, the frictional force between the consumables and the inner wall of the material guide tube 5 is effectively reduced, and the problem that the consumables are difficult to move in the material guide tube 5 is avoided.

In another technical solution, a ring of steel balls 62 is arranged on the inner wall of the accommodation groove 63 along the circumference, and the steel balls 62 are located between the inner wall of the accommodation groove 63 and the two ends of the cross bar. The top surface of the disc 61 is located at the center of the receiving groove 63 and is fixed with a protrusion 69. The protrusion 69 is in the shape of a semicircular bead. From 69. Adopting this technical solution can better solve the problem that the disc 61 rotates around the T-shaped bar 60 .

In another technical solution, the tube wall of the heat dissipation pipe 10 is a hollow structure with a thickness of 2-3mm, and the tube wall of the heat dissipation pipe 10 is filled with heat-conducting materials. With this technical solution, the tube wall of the heat dissipation pipe 10 is filled with heat conducting material, so as to further improve the efficiency of deriving heat from the heat dissipation pipe 10 .

In another technical solution, the heat-conducting material is one of heat-conducting silicone grease, heat-conducting paste, and heat-dissipating oil. With this technical solution, thermally conductive silicone grease, thermally conductive paste, and heat dissipation oil are all good conductors of heat, which further improves the efficiency of deriving heat from the heat dissipation pipe 10 .

The number of devices and processing scales described here are used to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and changes to the adjustable nozzle assembly for 3D printers of the present invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the use listed in the specification and implementation, it can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, and it can be easily understood by those skilled in the art Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific details and examples shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of 3D printer adjustable nozzle component, including the radiating machine for being detachably connected successively from top to bottom and being coaxially disposed Structure, passage, heat-shield mechanism, heat block and shower nozzle, it is characterised in that；

The heat-shield mechanism includes the top tube, middle tube, and down tube for being integrally formed and connecting, and the top tube and down tube periphery is respectively provided with External screw thread；

The cooling mechanism includes radiating tube, the multiple fin set along the radiating pipe outer wall circumference spacing, wherein, it is described Radiating tube has groove near one end of the heat-shield mechanism, and the upper pipe inserts the groove and is spirally connected with the radiating tube, The radiating tube forms necking away from one end of the heat-shield mechanism to internal condensation；

One end of the passage is inserted into the radiating tube and is fitted with the necking, and the other end is connected to the middle pipe Upper surface；

Concave shape is into storage tank downwards for the heat block upper table, and depression forms through hole to the heat block lower surface upwards, described Accommodating groove bottom is communicated with the through hole top surface, wherein, the down tube is inserted the storage tank and is spirally connected with the heat block；

The shower nozzle include be integrally formed in a tubular form and connect screw part and sliding part, the cross section of the sliding part outward The outer circumference diameter of all cross sections with diameter greater than the screw part, wherein, the screw part inserts the through hole and adds with described Hot block is spirally connected, and the sliding part top surface is located at the relative both sides of the screw part has two lower screwed holes, the sliding part bottom Interplanar distance sets two sliding blocks, and two lines of sliding block pass through the center of circle of the sliding part bottom surface, and two sliding blocks distances are described The distance in the sliding part bottom surface center of circle is equal；

Also include governor motion, it includes：

T-bar is inverted, it includes being fixed in the montant of the heat block lower surface vertically, is fixed in the horizontal stroke of the montant lower surface Bar；

Disk, its level is located at the cross bar downside, and the disk upper surface center is provided with for accommodating the cross bar Holding tank so that the disk horizontally rotates by axle of montant, the disk upper surface circumferentially arranged with annular accommodating groove, with Make to be received during the disk rotational sliding part of the shower nozzle, spacing sets multiple extrusion cavities at the accommodating groove bottom center, The upper end of the accommodating groove forms the condensation unit with bayonet socket to internal condensation, positioned at the condensation of extrusion cavities top both sides each described The upper screwed hole closed with the lower corresponding threaded holes of screw part is equipped with portion, during screwing togather the fixation shower nozzle with disk, makes institute The one of extrusion cavities of central aperture of sliding part are stated, wherein, multiple extrusion cavities constitute an annular, and aperture is passed successively Subtract, the maximum diameter of hole of the extrusion cavities is equal to the aperture of the shower nozzle, the minimum-value aperture of the extrusion cavities is equal to the shower nozzle / 2nd of aperture, have a breach in the condensation unit between the maximum diameter of hole and minimum-value aperture of the extrusion cavities, with The sliding part is set to pass in and out the accommodating groove；

Wherein, the tube wall of the upper pipe is made up of aluminum alloy materials, and the tube wall of the down tube is made up of red copper material, the middle pipe Tube wall include Stainless Steel Shell and the aeroge that is filled in the housing；

The aperture of the necking, passage, middle pipe, down tube and shower nozzle is identical, and is sequentially communicated.

2. 3D printer as claimed in claim 1 adjustable nozzle component, it is characterised in that the thickness of fin from top to bottom Incremented by successively, the distance between two fin of arbitrary neighborhood successively decrease successively from top to bottom.

3. 3D printer as claimed in claim 1 adjustable nozzle component, it is characterised in that the height of the storage tank and institute The height ratio for stating through hole is 1：6.

4. 3D printer as claimed in claim 1 adjustable nozzle component, it is characterised in that the passage is by polytetrafluoroethyl-ne Alkene material is made.

5. 3D printer as claimed in claim 1 adjustable nozzle component, it is characterised in that the holding tank madial wall is along week Steel ball is enclosed to setting one, the steel ball is located between the holding tank madial wall and the two ends of the cross bar, the disk top surface Be installed with projection positioned at the receiving groove center, it is described it is raised be half ball-point pen type, the T-bar be located at one end of disk top surface to Sunken inside is accommodating the projection.

6. 3D printer as claimed in claim 1 adjustable nozzle component, it is characterised in that the radiating tube wall is hollow Structure, thickness is 2-3mm, filling Heat Conduction Material in the tube wall of the radiating tube.

7. 3D printer as claimed in claim 6 adjustable nozzle component, it is characterised in that the Heat Conduction Material is thermal conductive silicon One kind in fat, heat-conducting cream, radiating oil.