CN106823559A

CN106823559A - Polypropylene and the net filter material of sky prepared by surface treated biodegradable fiber blending

Info

Publication number: CN106823559A
Application number: CN201710005730.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Shanghai Lirenbo Vibration Environmental Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Lirenbo Vibration Environmental Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-01-05
Filing date: 2017-01-05
Publication date: 2017-06-13

Abstract

The invention belongs to material science and field of Environment Protection, and in particular to the filter material purified for air filtration that a kind of use polypropylene fibre is prepared with surface treated biodegradable fiber blending.For solution polypropylene fibre surface texture is simple, the low problem of adsorption capacity, the present invention proposes one kind by electrostatic polypropylene fibre high, with surface treated, the scheme of the biodegradable fiber blending preparation purification of air filter material with high-specific surface area.Wherein polypropylene fibre mass content is not less than 20%, biodegradable fiber is before blending simultaneously, Mild degradation etching processing is done in its suitable chemical or biodegradable environment, palliating degradation degree is limited to fiber surface and the high-specific surface area structures such as obvious cavity, gap occurs, fibre diameter decreases below 30% simultaneously, to ensure fibre strength, the need for product use, blending rate can be adjusted between 20 ~ 100%, to reach the balance of expected strainability and service life.

Description

Polypropylene and the net filter material of sky prepared by surface treated biodegradable fiber blending

Technical field

The invention belongs to material science and field of Environment Protection, and in particular to one kind using polypropylene fibre with it is surface treated Filter material for air filtration purification prepared by biodegradable fiber blending.

Background technology

Recently as the enhancing of people's awareness of environment protection and health, for the protection that Inhalable Particulate pollutes, That is the demand of haze product is increasingly vigorous.Wherein, it is made by raw material of fiber with electrostatic high absorption property high Filter cloth, filter screen etc., are one of mainstream technology schemes of current purification of air, the invention of nearly all feasible use non-woven filter cloth Scheme, such as Chinese patent CN204261474U, all employ electrostatic absorption principle, among these polypropylene（PP）Fiber, because of it Low cost, easy processing, the excellent characteristic of antistatic property, as the mainstay material used in electrostatic fibre adsorption scheme.

It is known that the performance evaluation of the purification filtering for may be inhaled composition granule thing, on the one hand requires high adsorption capacity, I.e. electrostatic grabs the efficiency high of attached particle, and the performance of this respect polypropylene fibre is excellent；And also on the other hand be intended in efficiency high simultaneously On the premise of, filter element possesses larger adsorption capacity and service life, and adsorption capacity depends primarily on the ratio table of material Area, specific surface area is bigger, and the particulate matter that can adsorb receiving is more, but for fiber and the follow-up filter cloth being made, Its microstructure is smooth filament shape, and specific surface area does not have too many room for promotion, can only be by macroscopically increasing thickening filter cloth To solve capacity and life problems, and on the one hand increase thickening filter cloth can increase windage, cause other losses in efficiency, the opposing party Face it is difficult with this scheme on some application scenarios, such as mouth mask of body-worn.

And chemically biodegradable fiber in structure, being can be under corresponding degraded environment, by the table such as etching Face handling process so that fiber surface gathers fine surface texture, so as to possess bigger specific surface area, such as Chinese patent Use acid fiber by polylactic disclosed in CN104667885A prepares the scheme of purification of air filter cloth, and just make use of PLA can Degradability, the structure of high-specific surface area is obtained by surface treatment, so as to increase adsorption space and capacity, except Chinese patent Outside CN104667885A, although the report that biodegradable fiber is used as other minorities purification of air can be found at present, Do not refer to using degradable property, then additional surface handling process, with increasing specific surface area, and then increase the report of adsorption capacity Road.

But in general, degradable fiber, such as polyester fiber, its antistatic property will be inferior to polypropylene fibre, institute Although so that after by process of surface treatment such as chemical etchings, specific surface area higher can be possessed, in adsorption capacity It has been short of.

The content of the invention

To solve the above problems, the adsorption capacity of conventional polypropylene fibers filtering is improved and is lifted, the present invention proposes one And surface treated kind by electrostatic polypropylene fibre high, the biodegradable fiber blending with high-specific surface area prepares air The scheme of purified filter material.

The blending filter material that the present invention is announced, is as composition fabric using two or more different types of fiber Raw material, routinely non-woven fabrics craft is made after blending, and one of which is polypropylene fibre, and mass content is not less than 20%.Remaining One or more is common Biodegradable fibers, including but not limited to PLA, shitosan, makrolon, poly- hydroxyl second Acid esters, polyacrylonitrile, poly-succinic ester fiber etc..

Above biodegradable fiber should do Mild degradation before blending in its suitable chemical or biodegradable environment Etching processing, palliating degradation degree is limited to fiber surface and the high-specific surface area structures such as obvious cavity, gap occurs, while fiber is straight Footpath decreases below 30%, to ensure fibre strength.

It is fine with the polypropylene commodity that certification meets KN95 and KN99 standards with by the acid fiber by polylactic of surface etch chemistry As a example by the blending filter cloth of dimension, we have drawn data below by the experiment of a large amount of blending filter clothes：

Note 1：KN95 and KN99 refer to the dust-proof test specified by GB2626-2006 standards in table, can reach molecule Thing 95% and 99% index for leaching.

Note 2：National standard is not unified in the life test of filter cloth, and the method used in this experiment and standard are for 10 are multiplied 10 centimetres of filter clothes are positioned in heavy fog haze environment（Pm2.5 index=500）, using blower fan suction filtration, uninterrupted filtering is repeated, until Filter-cloth filtering efficiency is less than the time used when 80%.

Be can see by table, the pure polypropylene commodity non-woven fabrics of reliable in quality, it is clear that be to meet KN95 and KN99 mistakes Filter index, but the life-span is significantly shorter, and with increasing for acid fiber by polylactic content, filter cloth service life is obviously improved, But filter effect also declines substantially, when polypropylene fibre is less than 80, just has the strainability of KN99 ranks no longer, and works as low When 20%, the protection of KN95 ranks can not be reached.Therefore according to product use the need for, blending rate can 20 ~ Adjusted between 100%, to reach the balance of expected strainability and service life.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is principle schematic of the invention, and wherein A is conventional polypropylene fibers, and B is by the degradable of degraded etching Fiber, C is blend fibre, and D is air pollution particulate matter, and visible A has stronger electrostatic capacity in figure, but surface is smooth, absorption Limited area, B has specific surface area higher, can accommodate more particulate matters, but antistatic property is weaker, particle crawl energy Power is poor, and C then combines both advantages, and existing stronger electrostatic Grasping skill has bigger specific surface area to hold as absorption again Amount.

Fig. 2 surrounds and watches schematic diagram for Example electronic microscope of the invention, and picture scale is 30 microns, and different fibres are in figure State after the blending of dimension, wherein A are polypropylene fibre, and surface is smooth, and specific surface area is low, and B is by surface etching treatment The structures such as Biodegradable fibers, cavity, the gap of the densely covered small size in surface, with bigger specific surface area.

Embodiments of the invention：

~ short the fibre of PLA of 15 micron diameters is taken, is processed 72 hours in 0.05M sodium hydroxide solutions, obtain diameter ~ 10 micro- Rice, the fiber of the densely covered pore structure in surface, after scrubbed treatment, the polypropylene fibre with diameter ~ 10 micron presses 30:70 ratios are mixed Close, filter cloth is made by conventional blending non-woven fabrics craft, two kinds of accurate intertextures of fiber, lead to when there is air pollution particulate matter in filter cloth It is out-of-date, can be grabbed by polypropylene fibre electrostatic and be attached on blend fibre, while the high-specific surface area of acid fiber by polylactic is there is provided bigger Particulate matter adsorption capacity, extend the service life of filter cloth.

The above, is only principle schematic of the invention, and the limitation in other forms is not made to the present invention.Non- table The part stated is defaulted as using common, common-sense scheme in industry, every real to more than according to technical spirit of the invention Any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that example is made are applied, is still fallen within the range of technical scheme.

Claims

1. a kind of to pollute the blending filter material for purifying for air particle, its technique and architectural feature are using two kinds or two kinds Used as the raw material for constituting fabric, routinely non-woven fabrics craft is made different types of fiber after blending, and one of which is above Polypropylene fibre with antistatic property high, remaining one or more is Biodegradable fibers, and biodegradable fiber is before blending Mild degradation etching processing is done in its suitable chemical or biodegradable environment, it is bright that palliating degradation degree is limited to fiber surface appearance The high-specific surface area structure such as aobvious cavity, gap, while fibre diameter decreases below 30%, to ensure fibre strength；This filter material Filtration performance characteristics are that two or more fibers are accurate to interweave, when there is air pollution particulate matter to pass through, can be fine by polypropylene Dimension is grabbed by electrostatic and is attached on blend fibre, while the high-specific surface area of Biodegradable fibers provides bigger particulate matter inhaling Attached capacity, extends the service life of filter material.

2. the blending filter material for air particle pollution purification as described above such as claim 1, biodegradable described in it is fine Dimension, including common Biodegradable fibers, such as PLA, shitosan, chitin, makrolon, polyglycolic acid ester, poly- third Alkene nitrile, poly-succinic ester fiber etc..

3. such as claim 1, the 2 blending filter materials for air particle pollution purification as described above, it is characterised in that according to product The need for use, blending rate can be adjusted between polypropylene fibre content 20 ~ 100%, with reach expected strainability and The balance of service life.