CN106819360A - A kind of edible fungi residue feed additive and preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of edible fungi residue feed additive and preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN106819360A CN106819360A CN201710005249.5A CN201710005249A CN106819360A CN 106819360 A CN106819360 A CN 106819360A CN 201710005249 A CN201710005249 A CN 201710005249A CN 106819360 A CN106819360 A CN 106819360A
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- mushroom bran
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- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 108010029541 Laccase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Chemical compound N1CCCC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000223233 Cutaneotrichosporon cutaneum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
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- 235000013960 Lactobacillus bulgaricus Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000199885 Lactobacillus bulgaricus Species 0.000 description 4
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- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 4
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- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940004208 lactobacillus bulgaricus Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000722885 Brettanomyces Species 0.000 description 3
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000007685 Pleurotus columbinus Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000001462 Pleurotus ostreatus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000001603 Pleurotus ostreatus Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 240000003433 Miscanthus floridulus Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of edible fungi residue feed additive and preparation method and application.The present invention passes through four sections of zymotechniques, laccase enzyme liquid pre fermentation is directly added into mushroom bran, microbial fermentation solution degradation of fibers component, fiber degradation complex enzyme enzyme liquid deep layer Synergistic degradation, probiotics bacterial liquid flavor regulation, by microorganism and biology enzyme Synergistic degradation, progress step by step ground submerged fermentation mushroom bran, dietary fiber, various essential amino acids and iron, zinc, the edible fungi residue feed additive of selenium and other trace elements are rich in so as to be obtained, hydration is good, can make an addition in the feed strippeds such as ox, beneficial to growing for livestock animals, improve domestic animal quality.The preparation method is easy to operate, it is to avoid unpacking piles up heat production, is difficult to the problem of temperature control and Yi Sheng fly mosquitos, in terms of the industrialization of edible fungi residue feed great application prospect before mushroom bran fermentation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to feed addictive development technique field, more particularly to a kind of edible fungi residue feed additive and its preparation side
Method and application.
Background technology
China is big country of mushroom producing, and the mushroom bran of enormous amount is produced per annual meeting.Nowadays Edible Fungi producer is main
Formal layout by it to burn production capacity, that is, pollute environment waste of resource again.At present, mushroom bran is typically using cotton seed hulls as cultivation base
Material, wherein fibre fractionation content is high, and fibrous polymer degree is high, and hydration is poor, if easily occurred in being directly appended to feed stripped
The adverse reactions such as the stagnant length of cultivated animals, diarrhoea, influence the digestibility and palatability of feed.In recent years, this area is also to sugarcane
Slag expands research for base-material carries out solid state cultivation production edible mushroom, such as yellow clear ploughshare etc. (Huang Qinghua, Wang Qingfu, Gao Yufeng,
Deng bagasse, the research of brewex's grains culture ganoderma lucidum and constituent analysis [J] food industry science and technology, 2015 (21)) and Wang Qingfu etc.
(Wang Qingfu, Huang Qinghua, Li Qiwei, wait bagasse brewex's grains Efficient Conversions Experiment of Pleurotus Ostreatus to study [J] tropical agricultural sciences,
2014,34(12):68-71.).Using bagasse as edible and medical fungi cultivation base stock, it is possible to decrease production cost, but produce
Ten hundreds of discarded leftover bits and pieces；On the other hand, the mushroom bran compost that it is produced has abundant mycelia mycoderma, nutritional ingredient
It is abundant, feed stripped industrial circle is can be applied to, with huge development and application potentiality.It is rare for bagasse mushroom bran at present
The research of feed additive technology exploitation is carried out for raw material, is also had no using the existing skill of bacterium enzyme cooperative fermentation bagasse mushroom bran
Art.Additionally, the fermentation of edible fungi residue feed at present is nearly all to pile up heat production fermentation, easily raw fly mosquito mould pollutes environment, windrow center
Temperature is up to more than 70 DEG C, and the easy dried cake of windrow outer layer, nexine high humidity, it is difficult to which temperature and humidity control realizes industrialization, seriously
Hinder development of the mushroom bran as feed addictive.
The content of the invention
Primary and foremost purpose of the invention is the shortcoming and deficiency for overcoming prior art, there is provided a kind of edible fungi residue feed additive
Preparation method.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the edible fungi residue feed additive prepared by methods described.
A further object of the present invention is the application of the edible fungi residue feed additive described in offer.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of preparation method of edible fungi residue feed additive, comprises the following steps：
Mushroom bran after collecting with bagasse as solid state cultivation base-material culture edible and medical fungi, ferments in described mushroom bran internal spray
Liquid and/or enzyme liquid, fermentation；Comprise the following steps that：
(1) room temperature is adjusted to 37 DEG C~45 DEG C, the pH value of mushroom bran is adjusted to 4~6, spray laccase, the consumption of laccase is by every
The laccase of gram mushroom bran proportioning more than total enzyme activity 500U is calculated, envelope pretreatment enzymolysis 8~12 hours, obtains fermentation mushroom bran 1.；
(2) room temperature is down to 25 DEG C~30 DEG C, the fermentation mushroom bran obtained to step (1) 1. in match 3~6mL by every gram of mushroom bran
Bacterium solution adds fermentation bacterium bacterium solution, and fermentation is more than 20% with the thalline weight in wet base of bacterium bacterium solution, and envelope ferments 24~36 hours, obtains
Fermentation mushroom bran is 2.；
(3) room temperature is to 37 DEG C~50 DEG C, adds 2~10% (w/w) of fermentation mushroom bran that step (2) obtains 2. quality
Complex enzyme, envelope digest more than 12 hours, obtain fermentation mushroom bran 3.；
(4) room temperature is adjusted to 35 DEG C~45 DEG C, the fermentation mushroom bran obtained to step (3) 3. in match 3 by every gram of mushroom bran~
6mL bacterium solutions add probiotics bacterial liquid, and the thalline weight in wet base of probiotics bacterial liquid is more than 20%, and envelope ferments 12~36 hours, obtains
Fermentation mushroom bran is 4.；
(5) the fermentation mushroom bran for obtaining step (4) 4. the inside mushroom bran feed liquid carry out drying concentration be pressed into feed addition
Agent.
Strain used and its consumption meet national security sanitary standard.
Preferably by thin rod is sprayed in mushroom bran internal spray, the thin rod of described sprinkling is syringe to the mode of described sprinkling
Structure, syringe front stall top connects the bar-shaped hollow structure of length of the densely covered small holes of connection surface at syringe needle, can go deep into mushroom bran center, leads to
The small holes that the thrust for crossing syringe allows zymotic fluid/enzyme liquid from thin rod spray.
Described fermentation is preferably in automatic swing shaking table top fermentation.
The pH value of the mushroom bran described in step (1) is preferably adjusted by inorganic acid；More preferably pass through phosphoric acid
It is adjusted.
Laccase described in step (1) is preferably from the production extraction such as plant, domestomycetes, bacterium containing many phenolase of ketone.
The consumption of the laccase described in step (1) is preferably based on every gram of laccase of 1000~5000U of mushroom bran proportioning total enzyme activity
Calculate；Further preferably calculated by the laccase of every gram of 1000~2000U of mushroom bran proportioning total enzyme activity；It is more preferably total by every gram of mushroom bran proportioning
The laccase of enzyme activity 1000U is calculated.
Room temperature described in step (1) is preferably 37 DEG C.
Mushroom bran pH value described in step (1) is preferably 6.
The time of the enzymolysis described in step (1) is preferably 12 hours.
Fermentation described in step (2) with bacterium be preferably trichosporon cutaneum, candida utili, bacillus subtilis and
One kind in corynebacterium glutamicum or at least two.
Fermentation described in step (2) is preferably every gram of mushroom bran and matches 5mL bacterium solutions with the amount of bacterium bacterium solution.
Fermentation described in step (2) preferably is prepared via a method which to obtain with bacterium bacterium solution：It is inoculated with from slant tube
To primary seed solution rejuvenation, then more than shaking table culture 12h under the conditions of 27 DEG C is forwarded to secondary seed solution, 27 DEG C of conditions to bacterial strain
Lower more than shaking table culture 12h, obtains fermentation and uses bacterium bacterium solution.
The culture medium of described seed liquor is preferably and contains potato glucose pigment 24g/L, the culture of pH5.6 ± 0.2
Base.
Room temperature described in step (2) is preferably 30 DEG C.
The time of the fermentation described in step (2) is preferably 36 hours.
Complex enzyme described in step (3) is preferably the feed addition enzyme of enzymolysis fibre fractionation；More preferably fiber
One kind in plain enzyme, chitinase and zytase or at least two.
The amount of the complex enzyme described in step (3) is preferably 2% (w/w) of fermentation mushroom bran that step (2) obtains 2. quality.
Room temperature described in step (3) is preferably 37 DEG C.
The time of the fermentation described in step (3) is preferably 12 hours.
Probiotics described in step (4) is preferably local flavor regulation bacterium；More preferably in brettanomyce and lactic acid bacteria
One kind or at least two.
Described lactic acid bacteria is preferably Bacillus acidi lactici.
Probiotics bacterial liquid described in step (4) preferably is prepared via a method which to obtain：Bacterium is inoculated with from slant tube
Primary seed solution rejuvenation is arrived in strain, and then more than shaking table culture 12h under the conditions of 27 DEG C is forwarded to secondary seed solution, under the conditions of 27 DEG C
More than shaking table culture 12h, obtains fermentation and uses bacterium bacterium solution.
The time of described culture is more preferably 12h.
The culture medium of described seed liquor is preferably and contains potato glucose pigment 24g/L, the culture of pH5.6 ± 0.2
Base.
The amount of the probiotics bacterial liquid described in step (4) is preferably every gram of mushroom bran proportioning 3mL bacterium solution.
Room temperature described in step (4) is preferably 40 DEG C.
The time of the fermentation described in step (4) is preferably 24 hours.
The edible fungi residue feed additive prepared by methods described.
Described edible fungi residue feed additive is rich in dietary fiber.
Application of the described edible fungi residue feed additive in feed preparation.
The present invention has the following advantages and effect relative to prior art：
1. conventional edible fungi residue feed preparation technology includes directly feeding intake and single fermentation, easily causes domestic animal dysentery occur, disappears
Change inferior capabilities, or even apocleisis, increase weight slow, have a strong impact on feedstuff-meat ratio.The present invention breaks through the limitation, using biofermentation hand
Section, microorganism and biology enzyme Synergistic degradation fiber, progress step by step ground submerged fermentation mushroom bran, substantially improve mushroom bran dietary fiber
Nutritional quality and palatability, while assigning its more nutritive effect, increased various essential amino acids, wherein methionine and junket ammonia
Sour increment is notable, while being rich in various trace elements, such as iron, zinc, selenium.
2. compared with traditional handicraft, operation is simpler, using special for the synergy zymotechnique of edible fungi residue feed additive
Bar-shaped sprinkling, sprays thin rod and uses syringe cylinder structure, and front stall top (being originally to connect at syringe needle) connects the rod long of small holes of being gathered with surface
Shape structure, can go deep into mushroom bran center, allow small holes of the zymotic fluid/enzyme liquid from thin rod to spray by the thrust of syringe, so as to enter
The comprehensive sprinkling of row, it is easy to operate, and the abundant mixing of feed liquid can be directly realized by, it is to avoid unpacking is piled up and produced before fermentation
Heat, it is difficult to temperature control, the trouble of easily raw fly mosquito, the great application prospect in terms of industrialization.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is situation of change of the different strain to sour molten content of lignin in ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran fermentation process.
Fig. 2 is situation of change of the different strain to sour insoluble content of lignin in ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran fermentation process.
Fig. 3 is situation of change of the different strain to hemicellulose level in ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran fermentation process.
Fig. 4 is situation of change of the different strain to content of cellulose in ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran fermentation process.
Fig. 5 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the feed addictive obtained by embodiment 3.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited
In this.
Ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran used in following examples uses Huang Qinghua et al. and exists《Bagasse, brewex's grains culture ganoderma lucidum
Research and constituent analysis》(Huang Qinghua, Wang Qingfu, Gao Yufeng wait bagasse, the research of brewex's grains culture ganoderma lucidum and constituent analysis
[J] food industry science and technology, 2015 (21)) used by most suitable solid state cultivation method obtain, namely：Culture medium for cultivating formula is：
Bagasse 82%, brewex's grains 15%, pulverized limestone 2%, sugar 1%, water content is 65%；By inoculum concentration 5% in the cultivation culture
Ganoderma strain is inoculated with base and (is purchased from Guangdong Province's Culture Collection, numbering is the ganoderma applanatum (tree of GIM5.282
Tongue)), in 25~28 DEG C of light cultures, air humidity 50%~65% is kept, after cultivating chamber is transferred to after purseful long, humid control exists
70%~80%, at 25~28 DEG C, gas concentration lwevel is 800ppm or so to temperature control, and small mushroom bud to be grown controls humidity
75%~85%, stronger ventilation amount controls gas concentration lwevel for 500~600ppm, treats that fructification edge growing point disappears,
Start ejection spore and then close ventilation and humidification apparatus, harvested after spore has been played, obtain the ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran.
Flat mushroom mushroom bran used uses Wang Qingfu et al. and exists《Bagasse brewex's grains Efficient Conversion Experiment of Pleurotus Ostreatus is studied》
(Wang Qingfu, Huang Qinghua, Li Qiwei, wait bagasse brewex's grains Efficient Conversions Experiment of Pleurotus Ostreatus to study [J] tropical agricultural sciences,
2014,34(12):Biological transformation ratio highest solid state cultivation method is prepared in 68-71.), namely：Culture medium for cultivating is formulated
For：Bagasse 72%, brewex's grains 15%, wheat bran 10%, pulverized limestone 2%, sucrose 1%, by bagasse, brewex's grains and wheat bran by matching somebody with somebody
Square ratio mixing and stirring, is prewetted with the water containing 2% pulverized limestone and 1% sucrose to bagasse, and water content control exists
65%, fed with the Polypropylene Bag of 33cm*17cm*0.05cm, every bag of wet feed 1000g, height about 20cm, siccative about 350g, 121
DEG C small sterilizing 2.5h, is inoculated with pleurotus cornucopiae 6 (reaching edible mushroom research institute purchased from Jiangsu Jiangdu day) after cooling, be placed in 25 DEG C of hair bacterium rooms and enter
Row culture, 70%, when mycelia covers with bacterium bag and kink former base occurs, harvesting obtains described flat humid control after conventional fruiting
Mushroom chaff.
De Shi lactobacillus bulgaricus subspecies, saccharomyces cerevisiae, a type brettanomyce, skin shape silk spore ferment used in embodiment
Mother, Bacillus subtilis subspecies, product Ruan's Candida are purchased from Guangdong Province's Culture Collection, specifically, moral
Family name's lactobacillus bulgaricus sp. strain numbering GIM1.155, Wine brewing yeast strain numbering GIM2.134, a type British mold
Strain numbering GIM2.144, trichosporon cutaneum strain number GIM2.67, Bacillus subtilis sp. strain numbering
GIM1.372, produces Ruan's candida bacterial strain numbering GIM2.148.
The zymotic fluid preparation method of strain used in embodiment：Inoculating strain (is planted to primary seed solution from slant tube
Sub- liquid culture medium composition is：Potato glucose pigment 24g/L, pH5.6 ± 0.2, potato glucose pigment are bought in Guangdong
Huan Kai microorganisms Science and Technology Ltd.) rejuvenation, then shaking table culture 12h under the conditions of 27 DEG C be forwarded to secondary seed solution, 27 DEG C of bars
Shaking table culture 12h under part, obtains thalline weight in wet base for more than 20% zymotic fluid.
Cellulase, zytase, laccase are the commercially available enzyme of commercialization.
Fibre fractionation assay method and degradation rate assay method in embodiment are existed using Ning Xu et al.
《Hemicelluloses negatively affect lignocellulose crystallinity for high
biomass digestibility under NaOH and H2SO4pretreatments in Miscanthus》In
Method described in " Method " chapters and sections is measured.
The percent concentration is mass/mass (W/W) percent concentration, mass/volume (W/V) unless otherwise instructed
Percent concentration or volume/volume (V/V) percent concentration.
Various biomaterials in embodiment obtain approach and are only to provide a kind of approach for obtaining of testing to reach specific public affairs
The purpose opened, should not turn into the limitation to biological material source of the present invention.In fact, biological material source used is extensive
, any biomaterial that can be obtained with moral ethics that keeps on the right side of the law can be replaced according to the prompting in embodiment and made
With.
Embodiment 1
Ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran after collecting with bagasse as solid state cultivation base-material culture ganoderma lucidum, with the thin rod of sprinkling toward spray in ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran
Enzyme liquid is spilt, being placed directly on automatic swing shaking table carries out interim enzyme fermentation Process Exploration：
First stage：Room temperature is adjusted to 40 DEG C, the pH of ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran is adjusted to 4.8 with phosphate buffer solution, spray total enzyme
Living is the laccase enzyme liquid of 1000U/g, and 1. envelope pretreatment enzymolysis 8~12 hours obtains fermentation mushroom bran.
Second stage：Room temperature is warming up to 45 DEG C again, the fermentation mushroom bran obtained to the first stage 1. middle addition equivalent to hair
Complex enzyme (the cellulase of yeast-like fungi chaff 1. quality 2% (w/w):Zytase=1:1, mass ratio), envelope is digested 12 hours.
Scale up test result shows：After with bagasse as solid matrix cultivating ganoderma, the fibre fractionation of bagasse is from 87.08%
66.88% is reduced to, the amplitude that reduces is 23.20%.By mixed enzyme fermentation technique, content of cellulose degradation rate in ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran
It is 36.81%, hemicellulose level degradation rate is 29.09%, and content of lignin degradation rate is 17.97%, embodies laccase, fibre
The plain enzyme of dimension and three kinds of industry feed enzymes of zytase degradation effective to the ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran of sugarcane slag for cultivating.
Embodiment 2
With ganoderma lucidum mushroom bran as research object, 6 groups are set, sprayed respectively by every gram of mushroom bran proportioning 3mL bacterium solution in bacterium bag and connect
Plant lactobacillus bulgaricus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, brettanomyce, trichosporon cutaneum, bacillus subtilis, six kinds of product Ruan Candida
Strain fermentation mother liquor, 35 DEG C of envelope solid fermentations is carried out on automatic swing shaking table and is processed 36 hours, to improve mushroom bran as poultry
The utilization rate of fowl feed, determines the change of dietary fiber component in the front and rear mushroom bran of fermentation.Result is as shown in Figures 1 to 3.
As shown in figure 1, being decomposed by thalline, sour molten lignin has declined in mushroom bran, wherein bacillus subtilis pair
The decomposition of the molten lignin of acid is the most obvious, and content drops to 9% from 13.7%, after remaining strain fermentation, sour molten lignin
Content still 10% or so.It can be seen that several plants of selected strains using more substantially, wherein withered in the molten lignin of degradation acid
The effect of careless bacillus is the most notable.
As shown in Fig. 2 after fermentation of bacillus subtilis, sour insoluble content of lignin change is the most obvious in mushroom bran, by
15.9% drops to 12.7%, it is seen that bacillus subtilis is relatively preferable to the discomposing effect of sour insoluble lignin, but overall change
Change little, it is seen that decomposition of the selected strain to lignin is relatively limited.
As shown in figure 3, mushroom bran is after fermentation of bacillus subtilis, hemicellulose drops to from 22.7% in mushroom bran
5.8%, it is seen that degraded of the bacillus subtilis to hemicellulose plays a significantly greater role, hemicellulose after remaining strain fermentation
All decline.As shown in figure 4, it is more obvious to produce the degraded to cellulose of Ruan's Candida and trichosporon cutaneum, respectively by
25.7% drops to 11.7% and 14.3%, it is seen that this two plants of strains can effective decomposition of cellulose.
Embodiment 3
1. the preparation of feed addictive
Flat mushroom mushroom bran is collected after solid state cultivation flat mushroom, preparing feed by bacterium enzyme multistage Synergistic zymotechnique adds
Agent, comprises the following steps that：
First in the appropriate phosphate buffer regulation pH to 6 of mushroom bran internal spray (without adjusting if pH in bacterium bag has been 6
PH), the laccase enzyme liquid that total enzyme activity is 1000U/g is sprayed in bacterium bag with the thin rod of sprinkling, is transferred to automatically in 37 DEG C of room temperature conditions
Envelope on shaking table is swung to pre-process 12 hours；Again by every gram of Bacillus subtilis strain fermentation of mushroom bran proportioning 5mL bacterium solution sprinklings
Mother liquor, envelope fermentation 36h on automatic swing shaking table is transferred in 30 DEG C of room temperature conditions；Spray again equivalent to mushroom bran quality 2%
Complex enzyme (cellulase：Zytase=1:1, mass ratio, total enzyme activity is 1000U/g), transferred to certainly in 37 DEG C of room temperature conditions
Movable pendulum shakes envelope on bed and pre-processes 12 hours；(made by every gram of mushroom bran proportioning 3mL bacterium solution sprinkling probiotics strain fermentation mother liquor again
Brewer yeast：De Shi lactobacillus bulgaricus=1:1), envelope fermentation on automatic swing shaking table is transferred in 40 DEG C of room temperature conditions
24h, finally carries out drying concentration and is pressed into feed addictive.
2. ESEM (SEM) analysis
Using German Phenom ProX type SEM, in the range of 2000 multiplication factors, to the present embodiment institute
Obtained feed addictive carries out electron-microscope scanning analysis, as a result as shown in figure 5, feed addictive size probably 323 μm with
Under, the fine and close extexine of bagasse substantially comes off, and signs of degradation occurs in intermediate void structure sheaf so that zymophyte enzyme liquid be easier into
Enter the internal structure of bagasse, being attached to the bigger contact surface of sugarcane fiber carries out fiber hydrolization reaction.Final the present embodiment institute
Obtained feed addictive amplifies 840 times and the scattered broken, structure of part agglomerate of part icepro is presented afterwards.
3. nutrient component determining
Dietary fiber hydration analysis method is existed using Li Ruicen《Pomace prepares grinding for dietary fiber decoloration process
Study carefully》(Li Rui Cen pomaces prepare research [D] the Shaanxi Tech Univ of dietary fiber decoloration process, 2014.) " 4.3.2 is hydrated
Method described in capability analysis " is measured.
Commission Guangdong Province quality surveillance Food Inspection station is entered to the nutritional ingredient of the feed addictive obtained by the present embodiment
Row detection, assay is as shown in table 2.According to survey report, tyrosine content, methionine content and total amino acid content are used
National standard《The measure of amino acid in GB/T 5009.124-2003 food》Method be measured；Micro- iron content
Using national standard《GB/T 5009.90-2003 iron in food, magnesium, the measure of manganese》Method be measured；Trace element zinc
Content uses national standard《The measure of GB/T 5009.14-2003 Zinc in Foods》Method be measured；Trace elements of selenium contains
Amount uses national standard《The measure of GB 5009.93-2010 national food safety standard selenium in food》Method be measured.
Flat mushroom mushroom bran and the feed addictive index of correlation obtained by the present embodiment are determined respectively, analyze its dietary fiber
Nutritional quality, it is as a result as shown in the table：
The hydration analysis of the feed addictive dietary fiber of table 1
The mushroom bran Analysis of Nutritive Composition of table 2
It can be seen that, mushroom bran is fermented by bacterium enzyme multistage Synergistic, and dietary fiber hydratability is strong, best in quality, favorably
Before being emptied in livestock gastrointestinal, the heavy metal ion of dietary fiber rapid adsorption body intake.Additive has abundant ammonia simultaneously
Two kinds of essential amino acids in base acid content, wherein feed stripped --- tyrosine and methionine increment substantially, are conducive to domestic animal
Animal grows.Also increment is extremely notable for iron, zinc, three kinds of beneficial mineral matters of selenium, therefore the dietary fiber feed addictive
It is suitably applied feedstuff industry.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably implementation method, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, it is other it is any without departing from Spirit Essence of the invention and the change, modification, replacement made under principle, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of edible fungi residue feed additive, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Mushroom bran after collecting with bagasse as solid state cultivation base-material culture edible and medical fungi, in described mushroom bran internal spray zymotic fluid
And/or enzyme liquid, fermentation；Comprise the following steps that：
(1) room temperature is adjusted to 37 DEG C~45 DEG C, the pH value of mushroom bran is adjusted to 4~6, spray laccase, the consumption of laccase presses every gram of bacterium
The laccase of chaff proportioning more than total enzyme activity 500U is calculated, envelope pretreatment enzymolysis 8~12 hours, obtains fermentation mushroom bran 1.；
(2) room temperature is down to 25 DEG C~30 DEG C, the fermentation mushroom bran obtained to step (1) 1. in match 3~6mL bacterium solutions by every gram of mushroom bran
Fermentation bacterium bacterium solution is added, fermentation is more than 20% with the thalline weight in wet base of bacterium bacterium solution, and envelope ferments 24~36 hours, is fermented
Mushroom bran is 2.；
(3) room temperature is to 37 DEG C~50 DEG C, and 2. 2~10% (w/w) of quality are answered to add fermentation mushroom bran that step (2) obtains
Synthase, envelope is digested more than 12 hours, obtains fermentation mushroom bran 3.；
(4) room temperature is adjusted to 35 DEG C~45 DEG C, the fermentation mushroom bran obtained to step (3) 3. in match 3~6mL bacterium by every gram of mushroom bran
Liquid adds probiotics bacterial liquid, and the thalline weight in wet base of probiotics bacterial liquid is more than 20%, and envelope ferments 12~36 hours, obtains zymophyte
Chaff is 4.；
(5) the fermentation mushroom bran for obtaining step (4) 4. the inside mushroom bran feed liquid carry out drying concentration be pressed into feed addictive.
2. the preparation method of edible fungi residue feed additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described in step (1)
The pH value of mushroom bran is adjusted by inorganic acid.
3. the preparation method of edible fungi residue feed additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described in step (2)
It is one kind in trichosporon cutaneum, candida utili, bacillus subtilis and corynebacterium glutamicum or extremely to ferment with bacterium
It is few two kinds.
4. the preparation method of edible fungi residue feed additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described in step (2)
Fermentation is prepared via a method which to obtain with bacterium bacterium solution：Inoculating strain is to primary seed solution rejuvenation, 27 DEG C of bars from slant tube
More than shaking table culture 12h under part, is then forwarded to secondary seed solution, and more than shaking table culture 12h under the conditions of 27 DEG C obtains fermentation and uses
Bacterium bacterium solution.
5. the preparation method of edible fungi residue feed additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described in step (3)
Complex enzyme is the feed addition enzyme for digesting fibre fractionation.
6. the preparation method of edible fungi residue feed additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described in step (4)
Probiotics is that local flavor adjusts bacterium.
7. the preparation method of edible fungi residue feed additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mode of described sprinkling
It is by spraying thin rod in mushroom bran internal spray.
8. a kind of edible fungi residue feed additive, it is characterised in that：Added by the edible fungi residue feed described in any one of claim 1~7
The preparation method of agent is prepared.
9. edible fungi residue feed additive according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described edible fungi residue feed additive is rich in meals
Food fiber.
10. application of the edible fungi residue feed additive described in claim 8 in feed preparation.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101513257A (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2009-08-26 | 黄继红 | Method for fermenting functional wheat bran |
| CN104171759A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2014-12-03 | 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所 | Edible mushroom residue feed preparation process |
| CN104472887A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-01 | 邳州市小河科技发展有限公司 | Probiotic feed additive |
| CN104472869A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-01 | 江苏千药堂国医研究院有限公司 | Mushroom bran protein biological feed additive and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101513257A (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2009-08-26 | 黄继红 | Method for fermenting functional wheat bran |
| CN104171759A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2014-12-03 | 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所 | Edible mushroom residue feed preparation process |
| CN104472887A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-01 | 邳州市小河科技发展有限公司 | Probiotic feed additive |
| CN104472869A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-01 | 江苏千药堂国医研究院有限公司 | Mushroom bran protein biological feed additive and preparation method thereof |
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