CN106811754B - 一种汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺 - Google Patents

一种汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺 Download PDF

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CN106811754B
CN106811754B CN201710024619.XA CN201710024619A CN106811754B CN 106811754 B CN106811754 B CN 106811754B CN 201710024619 A CN201710024619 A CN 201710024619A CN 106811754 B CN106811754 B CN 106811754B
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张家荣
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Abstract

发明公开了一种汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺,包括:(1)除油污(2)碱洗(3)气体处理(4)激光处理(5)浸酸(6)水洗。本发明提供的汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺简单,可以使气缸盖获得表面干净的外观,同时获得防霉斑的保护膜,保护膜具有良好的耐高变色、耐腐蚀的性能,获得光亮美观的气缸盖,同时使气缸盖具备防腐蚀防霉斑效果。

Description

一种汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车配件表面处理领域,特别是涉及一种汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺。
背景技术
进入20世纪,随着社会的发展,汽车的需求量也越来越大,发动机缸盖是汽车的一个重要组成部件,发动机缸盖的性能好、坏直接关系着整个汽车的性能。
然而,现有技术中的汽车发动机缸盖表面耐腐蚀性差,使用寿命较短,且现有的汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺较为复杂,提高生产成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺,通过以下技术方案实现:
一种汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺,包括:
(1)除油污:将汽车发动机缸盖放入质量浓度为0.15%的酒石酸钠溶液中,在55-60℃下浸泡2小时,然后过滤,表面加热至140-150℃,保温22min,后,自然冷却至室温;
(2)碱洗:用高压水枪以碱溶液来冲洗汽车发动机缸盖表面12-15min,碱溶液的温度为60-64℃,喷射压力为8-10MPa,所述碱溶液按重量百分比计由以下成分制成:碳酸钠4.4%、聚丙烯酸钠0.5%、木质素磺酸钠0.3%,其余为水;
(3)气体处理:将发动机缸盖置入一密闭空腔内,通过连续氮气,将空腔内的空气排出,然后将氟气和氨气注入空腔内,使该空腔内的气体氟气体积占比为2-4%,氨气体积占比为30-40%,保持空腔内气压为22-25MPa,空腔内温度为46-50℃,处理时间为22-24min,然后将发动机缸盖从空腔内取出;
(4)激光处理:采用高光束质量大功率半导体激光器,最大输出功率为2800W,激光器的光束聚焦光斑成1mm×6mm的矩形分布,沿慢轴方向对汽车发动机缸盖进行扫描,处理后表面加热至172-180℃,保温处理22min,然后冷却至42℃,放入质量浓度为1.5%的双辛伯烷基二硫代磷酸溶液中浸泡20min,然后过滤,清水洗涤,烘干;
(5)浸酸:将汽车发动机缸盖浸泡在预先准备好的质量浓度为1-4%硫酸、0.010-0.013%氯化铯、1,3-二苯基脲和吲哚已基阿糖0.0012-0.0014%,其余为水配制的溶液中,进行酸洗浸泡145-170s,浸泡温度为45-50℃;
(6)水洗:将步骤(6)中的汽车发动机缸盖捞出,采用88℃清水进行冲洗10min,然后进行烘干,最后进行喷漆,即可。
进一步的:所述步骤(7)中的88℃清水为在88℃下保温过30min后的。
本发明的有益效果:本发明提供的汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺简单,可以使气缸盖获得表面干净的外观,同时获得防霉斑的保护膜,保护膜具有良好的耐高变色、耐腐蚀的性能,获得光亮美观的气缸盖,同时使气缸盖具备防腐蚀防霉斑效果,而且表面可以防油污,工艺简单,能耗低,通过对汽车发动机缸盖进行电解抛光后,结合激光处理,能够形成汽车发动机缸盖表面的耐磨微观结构,能够使得汽车发动机缸盖抗划痕能力显著增强,同时提高了汽车发动机缸盖表面接受极化的能力增强,同时提高氧化膜的抗蚀性,协同配合气体处理的作用,使得汽车发动机缸盖表面具有优异的热稳定性和化学惰性,能耐强酸、强碱和盐类物质腐蚀,防渗性能好,能够显著提高汽车发动机缸盖2.4-2.8倍的寿命,经过本发明工艺的处理,使汽车发动机缸盖表面抗腐蚀性能得到极大的提高,不易起斑点,为后续喷漆打下基础,使得喷漆效果好,与油漆的结合力得到极大的提高,相较于未处理前对油漆的附着力提高了1.5-2倍。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺,包括:
(1)除油污:将汽车发动机缸盖放入质量浓度为0.15%的酒石酸钠溶液中,在55℃下浸泡2小时,然后过滤,表面加热至140℃,保温22min,后,自然冷却至室温;
(2)碱洗:用高压水枪以碱溶液来冲洗汽车发动机缸盖表面12min,碱溶液的温度为60℃,喷射压力为8MPa,所述碱溶液按重量百分比计由以下成分制成:碳酸钠4.4%、聚丙烯酸钠0.5%、木质素磺酸钠0.3%,其余为水;
(3)气体处理:将发动机缸盖置入一密闭空腔内,通过连续氮气,将空腔内的空气排出,然后将氟气和氨气注入空腔内,使该空腔内的气体氟气体积占比为2%,氨气体积占比为30%,保持空腔内气压为22MPa,空腔内温度为46℃,处理时间为22min,然后将发动机缸盖从空腔内取出;
(4)激光处理:采用高光束质量大功率半导体激光器,最大输出功率为2800W,激光器的光束聚焦光斑成1mm×6mm的矩形分布,沿慢轴方向对汽车发动机缸盖进行扫描,处理后表面加热至172℃,保温处理22min,然后冷却至42℃,放入质量浓度为1.5%的双辛伯烷基二硫代磷酸溶液中浸泡20min,然后过滤,清水洗涤,烘干;
(5)浸酸:将汽车发动机缸盖浸泡在预先准备好的质量浓度为1%硫酸、0.010%氯化铯、1,3-二苯基脲和吲哚已基阿糖0.0012%,其余为水配制的溶液中,进行酸洗浸泡145s,浸泡温度为45℃;
(6)水洗:将步骤(6)中的汽车发动机缸盖捞出,采用88℃清水进行冲洗10min,然后进行烘干,最后进行喷漆,即可。
所述步骤(7)中的88℃清水为在88℃下保温过30min后的。
实施例2
一种汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺,包括:
(1)除油污:将汽车发动机缸盖放入质量浓度为0.15%的酒石酸钠溶液中,在60℃下浸泡2小时,然后过滤,表面加热至150℃,保温22min,后,自然冷却至室温;
(2)碱洗:用高压水枪以碱溶液来冲洗汽车发动机缸盖表面15min,碱溶液的温度为64℃,喷射压力为10MPa,所述碱溶液按重量百分比计由以下成分制成:碳酸钠4.4%、聚丙烯酸钠0.5%、木质素磺酸钠0.3%,其余为水;
(3)气体处理:将发动机缸盖置入一密闭空腔内,通过连续氮气,将空腔内的空气排出,然后将氟气和氨气注入空腔内,使该空腔内的气体氟气体积占比为4%,氨气体积占比为30-40%,保持空腔内气压为22-25MPa,空腔内温度为50℃,处理时间为24min,然后将发动机缸盖从空腔内取出;
(4)激光处理:采用高光束质量大功率半导体激光器,最大输出功率为2800W,激光器的光束聚焦光斑成1mm×6mm的矩形分布,沿慢轴方向对汽车发动机缸盖进行扫描,处理后表面加热至180℃,保温处理22min,然后冷却至42℃,放入质量浓度为1.5%的双辛伯烷基二硫代磷酸溶液中浸泡20min,然后过滤,清水洗涤,烘干;
(5)浸酸:将汽车发动机缸盖浸泡在预先准备好的质量浓度为4%硫酸、0.013%氯化铯、1,3-二苯基脲和吲哚已基阿糖0.0014%,其余为水配制的溶液中,进行酸洗浸泡170s,浸泡温度为50℃;
(6)水洗:将步骤(6)中的汽车发动机缸盖捞出,采用88℃清水进行冲洗10min,然后进行烘干,最后进行喷漆,即可。
所述步骤(7)中的88℃清水为在88℃下保温过30min后的。
实施例3
一种汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺,包括:
(1)除油污:将汽车发动机缸盖放入质量浓度为0.15%的酒石酸钠溶液中,在58℃下浸泡2小时,然后过滤,表面加热至144℃,保温22min,后,自然冷却至室温;
(2)碱洗:用高压水枪以碱溶液来冲洗汽车发动机缸盖表面13min,碱溶液的温度为62℃,喷射压力为9MPa,所述碱溶液按重量百分比计由以下成分制成:碳酸钠4.4%、聚丙烯酸钠0.5%、木质素磺酸钠0.3%,其余为水;
(3)气体处理:将发动机缸盖置入一密闭空腔内,通过连续氮气,将空腔内的空气排出,然后将氟气和氨气注入空腔内,使该空腔内的气体氟气体积占比为3%,氨气体积占比为38%,保持空腔内气压为23MPa,空腔内温度为49℃,处理时间为23min,然后将发动机缸盖从空腔内取出;
(4)激光处理:采用高光束质量大功率半导体激光器,最大输出功率为2800W,激光器的光束聚焦光斑成1mm×6mm的矩形分布,沿慢轴方向对汽车发动机缸盖进行扫描,处理后表面加热至176℃,保温处理22min,然后冷却至42℃,放入质量浓度为1.5%的双辛伯烷基二硫代磷酸溶液中浸泡20min,然后过滤,清水洗涤,烘干;
(5)浸酸:将汽车发动机缸盖浸泡在预先准备好的质量浓度为3%硫酸、0.012%氯化铯、1,3-二苯基脲和吲哚已基阿糖0.0013%,其余为水配制的溶液中,进行酸洗浸泡150s,浸泡温度为47℃;
(6)水洗:将步骤(6)中的汽车发动机缸盖捞出,采用88℃清水进行冲洗10min,然后进行烘干,最后进行喷漆,即可。
所述步骤(7)中的88℃清水为在88℃下保温过30min后的。
对实施例1-3使用中性盐雾试验,盐雾温度38℃,5%氯化钠溶液,处理时压强为0.035MPa,处理290h汽车发动机缸盖表面开始出现腐蚀。
对实施例1-3使用醋酸盐雾试验,处理温度38℃,5%氯化钠溶液中加入冰醋酸,调节使其pH为3,处理135h汽车发动机缸盖表面开始出现腐蚀,当实施例1中省略激光处理时,处理的汽车发动机缸盖表面进行醋酸烟雾试验,处理温度38℃,5%氯化钠溶液中加入冰醋酸,调节使其pH为3,处理102h汽车发动机缸盖表面出现腐蚀,当实施例1中省略气体处理时,处理的汽车发动机缸盖表面进行醋酸烟雾试验,处理温度38℃,5%氯化钠溶液中加入冰醋酸,调节使其pH为3,处理115h汽车发动机缸盖表面出现腐蚀。
结果证明,本发明处理后的汽车发动机缸盖表面耐腐蚀性好。
对汽车发动机缸盖表面硬度进行测试,经过本发明工艺处理后的汽车发动机缸盖表面硬度相较于未处理前提高了2.2-2.5倍,当实施例1中省略激光处理时,处理的汽车发动机缸盖表面硬度相较于未处理前提高了1.5倍,当实施例1中浸酸处理只采用2%硫酸溶液处理,相较于未处理前提高了1.8倍。
对汽车发动机缸盖表面与油漆结合力进行测试,经过实施例1-3工艺处理的发动机缸盖与普通油漆的附着力高达8-9MPa,当实施例1中省略气体处理时,处理的汽车发动机缸盖表面与普通油漆的附着力为5Mpa,当实施例1中省略激光处理时,处理的汽车发动机缸盖表面与普通油漆的附着力为6.8MPa,可见,本发明中气体处理与激光处理能够明显影响处理后的发动机缸盖对油漆的附着力。

Claims (1)

1.一种汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺,其特征在于,包括:
(1)除油污:将汽车发动机缸盖放入质量浓度为0.15%的酒石酸钠溶液中,在55-60℃下浸泡2小时,然后过滤,表面加热至140-150℃,保温22min后,自然冷却至室温;
(2)碱洗:用高压水枪以碱溶液来冲洗汽车发动机缸盖表面12-15min,碱溶液的温度为60-64℃,喷射压力为8-10MPa,所述碱溶液按重量百分比计由以下成分制成:碳酸钠4.4%、聚丙烯酸钠0.5%、木质素磺酸钠0.3%,其余为水;
(3)气体处理:将发动机缸盖置入一密闭空腔内,通过连续氮气,将空腔内的空气排出,然后将氟气和氨气注入空腔内,使该空腔内的气体氟气体积占比为2-4%,氨气体积占比为30-40%,保持空腔内气压为22-25MPa,空腔内温度为46-50℃,处理时间为22-24min,然后将发动机缸盖从空腔内取出;
(4)激光处理:采用高光束质量大功率半导体激光器,最大输出功率为2800W,激光器的光束聚焦光斑成1mm×6mm的矩形分布,沿慢轴方向对汽车发动机缸盖进行扫描,处理后表面加热至172-180℃,保温处理22min,然后冷却至42℃,放入质量浓度为1.5%的双辛伯烷基二硫代磷酸溶液中浸泡20min,然后过滤,清水洗涤,烘干;
(5)浸酸:将汽车发动机缸盖浸泡在预先准备好的质量浓度为1-4%硫酸、0.010-0.013%氯化铯、1,3-二苯基脲和吲哚已基阿糖0.0012-0.0014%,其余为水配制的溶液中,进行酸洗浸泡145-170s,浸泡温度为45-50℃;
(6)水洗:将汽车发动机缸盖捞出,采用88℃清水进行冲洗10min,然后进行烘干,最后进行喷漆,即可。
CN201710024619.XA 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 一种汽车发动机缸盖表面处理工艺 Expired - Fee Related CN106811754B (zh)

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US3728188A (en) * 1971-07-29 1973-04-17 Amchem Prod Chrome-free deoxidizing and desmutting composition and method
JPH06108223A (ja) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-19 Daido Steel Co Ltd 含Cr鋼製部材の浸炭前処理方法
CN103318102A (zh) * 2013-07-10 2013-09-25 宁波华翔特雷姆汽车饰件有限公司 一种汽车装饰板层结构以及层结构处理工艺
CN104630790A (zh) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-20 青岛立博汽车零部件精密铸造有限公司 一种新型汽车发动机支架表面加工工艺

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3728188A (en) * 1971-07-29 1973-04-17 Amchem Prod Chrome-free deoxidizing and desmutting composition and method
JPH06108223A (ja) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-19 Daido Steel Co Ltd 含Cr鋼製部材の浸炭前処理方法
CN103318102A (zh) * 2013-07-10 2013-09-25 宁波华翔特雷姆汽车饰件有限公司 一种汽车装饰板层结构以及层结构处理工艺
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