CN106811613B - A kind of high-volume fractional B4C mixes the aluminum matrix composite and its preparation process of enhancing with Si particles - Google Patents
A kind of high-volume fractional B4C mixes the aluminum matrix composite and its preparation process of enhancing with Si particles Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/062—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on B4C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-volume fractional B4C mixes the aluminum matrix composite and its preparation process of enhancing with Si particles.The aluminum matrix composite is by Al Cu Mg Co alloy substrates and B4The mixing of C and Si enhances phase composition, and by volume percentage, the content of Al Cu Mg Co alloy substrates is 30 45%, B4The content of C is 55 60%, and the content of Si is a, 0 ＜ a≤10%.The aluminum matrix composite is prepared using the method for powder metallurgy, includes mainly B4Pretreatment, reinforced phase and the Al alloy substrate powders ball milling mixing of C and Si particles, powder isostatic cool pressing, vacuum degassing, hot isostatic pressing.The density of the aluminum matrix composite of the present invention is 2.55~2.60g/cm3, bending strength is 450~530MPa, and elasticity modulus is 180~220GPa, and coefficient of thermal expansion is 7.6~9.5 × 10‑6K‑1, thermal conductivity is 70~100W/mK；The excellent properties of the material can preferably meet the requirement of space flight high-strength light structure function part material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-volume fractional B4C mixes the aluminum matrix composite of enhancing with Si particles and its prepares work
Skill belongs to space material technical field.
Background technology
B4C has good physics, chemical property and mechanical property, high temperature hardness, high elasticity near constant
Modulus (450~470GPa), high-wearing feature, inoxidizability and good neutron-absorbing performance, low density (2.52g/
cm3) the features such as, play great effect in aerospace, telecommunications, cutting and grinding tool, nuclear industry field.Due to B4C
Above-mentioned excellent comprehensive performance uses it for reinforced aluminium alloy matrix and prepares B4When C/Al composite materials, material can get low
Density, high specific strength and specific stiffness, low thermal coefficient of expansion, good thermal conductivity, high-dimensional stability and the excellent power such as wear-resisting
And physical property, can be widely applied to the key areas such as aerospace, nuclear energy.
By taking the high-strength light structure function part applied to space industry as an example, need material therefor that there is low-density, height
Specific stiffness, high specific strength and good thermal property, while material being needed to have good stability under space environment.Gao Ti
Fraction (55~70vol.%) B4C/Al composite materials have above-mentioned all properties requirement, become space industry knot
The best candidate material of structure functor.At present be usually used in space flight high-strength light structure function part another kind of material be (55~
The shortcomings that 70vol.%) SiC/Al composite materials, the material, is the higher (3.2g/cm of the density of reinforced phase SiC3), cause multiple
Higher (~3.0 g/cm of density of condensation material3), and SiC and Al matrixes be in preparing SiC/Al composite materials, if
Improper process control will produce Al4C3Product, which is not only brittlement phase, and easily hydrolysis is so that Compound Material Engineering
It can be deteriorated, material practical application stability and reliability are insufficient.And high-volume fractional (55~70vol.%) B4C/Al composite woods
The density of material is~2.6g/cm3, density reduces apparent compared with (55~70vol.%) SiC/Al composite materials；In addition, B4C with
Al matrixes will not generate Al in preparation process4C3Product, prepared B4The material property of C/Al is stablized compared with SiC/Al.
It is presently used for low volume fraction (20~35vol.%) B in preparing4The preparation process of C/Al is predominantly soaked without pressure
It oozes, the techniques such as Pressure Infiltration, powder metallurgy；But currently used for preparing 55~70vol.%B of high body point4C/Al composite materials
Technique is still rarely found to prepare 55~70vol.% using powder metallurgical technique frequently with techniques such as pressure-free impregnation and Pressure Infiltrations
B4The report of C/Al composite materials.This is mainly that traditional powder metallurgy hot-pressing sintering technique high body relatively difficult to achieve divides B4C/Al is multiple
Prepared by condensation material densification, relatively low so as to cause material comprehensive performance, cannot meet the height of space flight high-strength light structure function part
Performance requirement.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-volume fractional B4C mixes the aluminum matrix composite of enhancing with Si particles,
Under the premise of not excessive expendable material elasticity modulus, B can be largely reduced4The density of C/Al composite materials and thermal expansion are
Number improves thermal conductivity.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-volume fractional B4The aluminium base that C mixes enhancing with Si particles is multiple
The preparation process of condensation material can get consistency close to fully dense high-volume fractional B using the preparation process4C/Al composite woods
Material, material high comprehensive performance.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of high-volume fractional B4C mixes the aluminum matrix composite of enhancing with Si particles, by Al-Cu-Mg-Co alloy-baseds
Body and B4The mixing of C and Si enhances phase composition, and by volume percentage, the content of Al-Cu-Mg-Co alloy substrates is 30-
45%, B4The content of C is 55-60%, and the content of Si is a, 0 ＜ a≤10%；Preferably, 5%≤a≤10%.
Wherein, in Al-Cu-Mg-Co alloys, by weight percentage, the content of each metal component is Cu 3.6%-
4.5%, Mg 0.8%-1.5%, Co 0-2%, surplus Al.That is, the nominal composition (wt.%) of Al-Cu-Mg-Co alloys is
Al-(3.6-4.5)Cu-(0.8-1.5)Mg-(0-2)Co。
A kind of high-volume fractional B4C mixed with Si particles enhancing aluminum matrix composite preparation process, including with
Lower step：
(1) by B4C carries out pre-oxidation treatment, and Si particles carry out drying and processing；
(2) Al-Cu-Mg-Co alloy powders are configured to using atomization Al powder, Cu powder, Mg powder and Co powder；
(3) by pretreated B4C, Si particles are packed into ball mill with the Al alloy powders configured and are mixed in proportion
Powder；
(4) it is billet the powder after ball milling mixing to be carried out cold isostatic compaction, and billet is packed into vacuum degassing jacket
Vacuum degassing is carried out, hip moulding then is carried out to the billet after vacuum degassing.
In step (1), B4The grain size of C is 5-20 μm, B4The purity of C is higher than 95%；Pre-oxidation in air atmosphere into
Row, temperature are 300-450 DEG C, soaking time 24-48h.
In step (2), the grain size of Al powder is 5-30 μm, and the grain size of Cu powder is 5-20 μm, and the grain size of Mg powder is 25-50 μ
The grain size of m, Co powder is 1-4 μm.
In step (3), powder mixes in rotary type ball mill, and drum's speed of rotation is 40-150 revs/min, when ball milling
Between be 10-40h, ratio of grinding media to material 2: 1.
In step (4), the pressure of isostatic cool pressing is 80-180MPa, dwell time 10-30min.The vacuum degassing
It is pure Al jackets with jacket, vacuum degree is less than 1 × 10 at the end of billet degasification-2Pa.The temperature of hot isostatic pressing is 550-580 DEG C,
Pressure is 90-130MPa, dwell time 1-3h.
The advantage of the invention is that：
With the single B of tradition4C reinforced aluminum matrix composites are compared, high-volume fractional B of the invention4C mixes increasing with Si particles
Strong aluminum matrix composite coefficient of thermal expansion and density are lower, and thermal conductivity and bending strength higher are particularly suited for space precision
Device structure function material.The density of the aluminum matrix composite of the present invention is 2.55~2.60g/cm3, bending strength 450
~530MPa, elasticity modulus are 180~220GPa, and coefficient of thermal expansion is 7.6~9.5 × 10-6K-1, thermal conductivity is 70~100W/
m·K；With comprehensive performances such as low-density, high elastic modulus, high intensity, low thermal coefficient of expansion, high heat conductance, boat disclosure satisfy that
The performance requirement of its high-strength light structure function part can be used as camera space mirror blank material material.
Compared with pressure-free impregnation and Pressure Infiltration technique, the present invention prepares composite material using powder metallurgical technique and does not need
Prepare complicated B4C prefabricated components skeleton and progress binder removing process (binder removing can cause centainly to pollute to environment),
Preparation process is simpler, environmentally friendly.In addition, the infiltration temperature of Infiltration Technics is up to 1000 DEG C or more, to equipment requirement height, and this
Invention prepares high volume using powder metallurgical technique and divides B4Sintering temperature is less than 600 DEG C when C reinforced aluminum matrix composites, pair sets
Relatively low for requiring, energy consumption is also lower.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is high-volume fractional B of the present invention4C mixes the preparation process flow of the aluminum matrix composite of enhancing with Si particles
Figure.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and examples, but embodiments of the present invention not only limit
In this.
In the aluminum matrix composite of the present invention, with high-volume fractional B4C is mixed with Si silicon particles is used as reinforced phase.Its
In, the density of Si particles is 2.33g/cm3, coefficient of thermal expansion is 2.6 × 10-6K-1, thermal conductivity is 156 W/mK, elasticity modulus
For 130~190GPa；And B4The density of C is 2.52g/cm3, coefficient of thermal expansion is 4.5 × 10-6K-1, thermal conductivity 40W/m.K,
Elasticity modulus is 450~470GPa.Contrast properties data are it is found that except elasticity modulus is less than B4Outside C, other performance phases of Si particles
Compare B4C has the performance advantage of bigger.Therefore, the present invention divides B in high body4A small amount of Si particles are added in C/Al composite materials,
Under the premise of not excessive expendable material elasticity modulus, B can be largely reduced4The density of C/Al composite materials and thermal expansion are
Number improves thermal conductivity, to obtain the composite material with more preferably comprehensive performance, it is made to be particularly suited for space flight high-strength light knot
Structure functor material.
As shown in Figure 1, the preparation process of the aluminum matrix composite of the present invention is：First by B4C progress pre-oxidation treatments, Si
Grain carries out skin drying processing, then by pretreated B4C powder carries out ball milling with Si powder, Al powder, Cu powder, Mg powder, Co powder and mixes
Powder → cold isostatic compaction → vacuum degassing → HIP sintering, finally obtains B4The aluminium base that C mixes enhancing with Si particles is multiple
Condensation material.
Embodiment 1
The volume fraction of composite material is：B4C content is 55vol.%, and Si contents are 5vol.%, Al-Cu-Mg-Co bases
Body content is 40vol.%.Above-mentioned B4C grain sizes are 11 μm, 20 μm of Al powders diameter, 10 μm of Cu powders diameter, 25 μm of Mg powders diameter, Co
3 μm of powder diameter.First to B4C carries out pre-oxidation and drying and processing respectively with Si particles, and configuration nominal composition is Al-3.5Cu-
The powder of 1.0Mg-0.5Co, then by 55vol.%B4C, 5vol.%Si and 40vol.%Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co is mixed
It closes powder and carries out the mixed powder of ball milling, 100 revs/min, Ball-milling Time 20h of drum's speed of rotation, ratio of grinding media to material 2: 1；By mixed powder
It is packed into isostatic cool pressing rubber package set after sieving, cold isostatic compaction, isostatic cool pressing pressure 120MPa, pressing time are carried out after sealing
20min；Vacuum degassing is carried out to isostatic cool pressing billet in well formula resistance furnace, vacuum level requirements are less than 1 at the end of vacuum degassing
×10-2Pa；Billet after vacuum degassing is subjected to HIP sintering, 560 DEG C, pressure 110MPa of hip temperature, pressurize
Time 2h obtains (55%B4C+5%Si)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co composite material billets.Gained (55%B4C+5%
Si the density of)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co composite materials is 2.58g/cm3, coefficient of thermal expansion 8.8 × 10-6K-1(25~
100 DEG C), thermal conductivity 90W/mK, bending strength 510MPa, elasticity modulus 195GPa.
To be compared, 60%B is prepared for using identical technique4C/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co composite materials,
Resulting materials density is 2.60g/cm3, coefficient of thermal expansion 9.5 × 10-6K-1(25~100 DEG C), 80 W/mK of thermal conductivity, bending
Intensity 470MPa, elasticity modulus 197GPa.Correction data obtains, (55%B4C+5%Si)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co
Density compared with 60%B4C/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co reduces, while coefficient of thermal expansion reduces 0.7 × 10-6K-1(25~
100 DEG C), thermal conductivity improves 10W/m.K, and bending strength improves 40MPa, and elasticity modulus is (2GPa) in a slight decrease.The result shows that
B4The aluminum matrix composite comprehensive performance that C mixes enhancing with Si particles is better than single B4The aluminum matrix composite of C enhancings.
Embodiment 2
The volume fraction of composite material is：B4C content is 55vol.%, and Si contents are 10vol.%, Al-Cu-Mg-Co
Matrix content is 35vol.%.Above-mentioned B4C grain sizes are 11 μm, 20 μm of Al powders diameter, 10 μm of Cu powders diameter, 25 μm of Mg powders diameter,
3 μm of Co powders diameter.First to B4C carries out pre-oxidation and drying and processing respectively with Si particles, and configuration nominal composition is Al-3.5Cu-
The powder of 1.0Mg-0.5Co, then by 55vol.%B4C, 10vol.%Si and 40vol.%Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co
Mixed-powder carries out ball milling and mixes powder, 100 revs/min, Ball-milling Time 20h of drum's speed of rotation, ratio of grinding media to material 2: 1；By mixed powder
It is packed into isostatic cool pressing rubber package set after the sieving of end, cold isostatic compaction, isostatic cool pressing pressure 120MPa, compacting are carried out after sealing
Time 20min；Vacuum degassing is carried out to isostatic cool pressing billet in well formula resistance furnace, vacuum level requirements are small at the end of vacuum degassing
In 1 × 10-2Pa；Billet after vacuum degassing is subjected to HIP sintering, 560 DEG C, pressure 110MPa of hip temperature is protected
Time 2h is pressed, (55%B is obtained4C+10%Si)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co composite material billets.Gained (55%B4C+
The density of 10%Si)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co composite materials is 2.56g/cm3, coefficient of thermal expansion 8.2 × 10-6K-1(25
~100 DEG C), thermal conductivity 85W/mK, elasticity modulus 200GPa, bending strength 500MPa.
To be compared, 65%B is prepared for using identical technique4C/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co composite materials,
Resulting materials density is 2.58g/cm3, coefficient of thermal expansion 9.0 × 10-6K-1(25~100 DEG C), thermal conductivity 70W/mK, bending are strong
Spend 450MPa, elasticity modulus 203GPa.Correction data obtains, (55%B4C+10%Si)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co is close
Degree is compared with 65%B4C/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co reduces, while coefficient of thermal expansion reduces 0.8 × 10-6K-1(25~100
DEG C), thermal conductivity improves 15W/mK, and bending strength improves 50MPa, and elasticity modulus is (3GPa) in a slight decrease.The result shows that B4C
The aluminum matrix composite comprehensive performance that enhancing is mixed with Si particles is better than single B4The aluminum matrix composite of C enhancings.
Embodiment 3
The volume fraction of composite material is：B4C content is 60vol.%, and Si contents are 10vol.%, Al-Cu-Mg-Co
Matrix content is 30vol.%.Above-mentioned B4C grain sizes are 11 μm, 20 μm of Al powders diameter, 10 μm of Cu powders diameter, 25 μm of Mg powders diameter,
3 μm of Co powders diameter.Pre-oxidation and drying and processing are carried out respectively to B4C and Si particles first, configuration nominal composition is Al-3.5Cu-
The powder of 1.0Mg-0.5Co, then by 55vol.%B4C, 10vol.%Si and 40vol.%Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-1.0 is mixed
It closes powder and carries out the mixed powder of ball milling, 100 revs/min, Ball-milling Time 20h of drum's speed of rotation, ratio of grinding media to material 2: 1；By mixed powder
It is packed into isostatic cool pressing rubber package set after sieving, cold isostatic compaction, isostatic cool pressing pressure 120MPa, pressing time are carried out after sealing
20min；Vacuum degassing is carried out to isostatic cool pressing billet in well formula resistance furnace, vacuum level requirements are less than 1 at the end of vacuum degassing
×10-2Pa；Billet after vacuum degassing is subjected to HIP sintering, 560 DEG C, pressure 110MPa of hip temperature, pressurize
Time 2h obtains (60%B4C+10%Si)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co composite material billets.Gained (60%B4C+
The density of 10%Si)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co composite materials is 2.55g/cm3, coefficient of thermal expansion 7.6 × 10-6K-1(25
~100 DEG C), thermal conductivity 76W/m.K, elasticity modulus 210GPa, bending strength 440MPa.
To be compared, 70%B is prepared for using identical technique4C/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co composite materials,
Resulting materials density is 2.56g/cm3, coefficient of thermal expansion 8.1 × 10-6K-1(25~100 DEG C), thermal conductivity 66W/mK, bending strength
380MPa, elasticity modulus 212GPa.Correction data obtains, (60%B4C+10%Si)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co density
Compared with 70%B4C/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co reduces, while coefficient of thermal expansion reduces 0.5 × 10-6K-1(25~100
DEG C), thermal conductivity improves 10W/mK, and bending strength improves 60MPa, and elasticity modulus is (2GPa) in a slight decrease.The result shows that B4C
The aluminum matrix composite comprehensive performance that enhancing is mixed with Si particles is better than single B4The aluminum matrix composite of C enhancings.
Embodiment 4
The volume fraction of composite material is：B4C content is 55vol.%, and Si contents are 5vol.%, Al-Cu-Mg-Co bases
Body content is 40vol.%.Above-mentioned B4C grain sizes are 11 μm, 20 μm of Al powders diameter, 10 μm of Cu powders diameter, 25 μm of Mg powders diameter, Co
3 μm of powder diameter.Pre-oxidation and drying and processing are carried out respectively to B4C and Si particles first, configuration nominal composition is Al-3.5Cu-
The powder of 1.0Mg-0.5Co, then by 55vol.%B4C, 5vol.%Si and 40vol.%Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co is mixed
It closes powder and carries out the mixed powder of ball milling, 100 revs/min, Ball-milling Time 20h of drum's speed of rotation, ratio of grinding media to material 2: 1；By mixed powder
It is packed into isostatic cool pressing rubber package set after sieving, cold isostatic compaction, isostatic cool pressing pressure 100MPa, pressing time are carried out after sealing
15min；Vacuum degassing is carried out to isostatic cool pressing billet in well formula resistance furnace, vacuum level requirements are less than 1 at the end of vacuum degassing
×10-2Pa；Billet after vacuum degassing is subjected to HIP sintering, 580 DEG C, pressure 100MPa of hip temperature, pressurize
Time 3h obtains (55%B4C+5%Si)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co composite material billets.Gained (55%B4C+5%
Si the density of)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co composite materials is 2.57g/cm3, coefficient of thermal expansion 8.6 × 10-6K-1(25~
100 DEG C), thermal conductivity 85W/mK, bending strength 505MPa, elasticity modulus 193GPa.
Embodiment 5
The volume fraction of composite material is：B4C content is 55vol.%, and Si contents are 5vol.%, Al-Cu-Mg matrixes
Content is 40vol.%.Above-mentioned B4C grain sizes are 11 μm, 20 μm of Al powders diameter, 10 μm of Cu powders diameter, 25 μm of Mg powders diameter.First
To B4C carries out pre-oxidation and drying and processing respectively with Si particles, configures the powder that nominal composition is Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg, then
By 55vol.%B4C, 5vol.%Si and 40vol.% Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg mixed-powders carry out ball milling and mix powder, and ball mill turns
100 revs/min, Ball-milling Time 20h of speed, ratio of grinding media to material 2: 1；Isostatic cool pressing rubber package set is packed into after mixed powder is sieved,
Cold isostatic compaction, isostatic cool pressing pressure 100MPa, pressing time 15min are carried out after sealing；To cold etc. in well formula resistance furnace
Static pressure billet carries out vacuum degassing, and vacuum level requirements are less than 1 × 10 at the end of vacuum degassing-2Pa；By the billet after vacuum degassing
HIP sintering is carried out, 580 DEG C, pressure 100MPa, dwell time 3h of hip temperature obtains (55%B4C+5%Si)/
Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg composite material billets.Gained (55%B4C+5%Si the density of)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg composite materials
For 2.56g/cm3, coefficient of thermal expansion 8.6 × 10-6K-1(25~100 DEG C), thermal conductivity 80W/mK, bending strength 495MPa, bullet
Property modulus 191GPa.
Embodiment 6
The volume fraction of composite material is：B4C content is 55vol.%, and Si contents are 5vol.%, Al-Cu-Mg-Co bases
Body content is 40vol.%.Above-mentioned B4C grain sizes are 20 μm, 30 μm of Al powders diameter, 20 μm of Cu powders diameter, 30 μm of Mg powders diameter, Co
1 μm of powder diameter.First to B4C carries out pre-oxidation and drying and processing respectively with Si particles, and configuration nominal composition is Al-3.5Cu-
The powder of 1.0Mg-0.5Co, then by 55vol.%B4C, 5vol.%Si and 40vol.%Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co is mixed
It closes powder and carries out the mixed powder of ball milling, 100 revs/min, Ball-milling Time 20h of drum's speed of rotation, ratio of grinding media to material 2: 1；By mixed powder
It is packed into isostatic cool pressing rubber package set after sieving, cold isostatic compaction, isostatic cool pressing pressure 100MPa, pressing time are carried out after sealing
15min；Vacuum degassing is carried out to isostatic cool pressing billet in well formula resistance furnace, vacuum level requirements are less than 1 at the end of vacuum degassing
×10-2Pa；Billet after vacuum degassing is subjected to HIP sintering, 580 DEG C, pressure 100MPa of hip temperature, pressurize
Time 3h obtains (55%B4C+5%Si)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co composite material billets.Gained (55%B4C+5%
Si the density of)/Al-3.5Cu-1.0Mg-0.5Co composite materials is 2.57g/cm3, coefficient of thermal expansion 8.6 × 10-6K-1(25~
100 DEG C), thermal conductivity 87W/mK, bending strength 500MPa, elasticity modulus 195GPa.
Embodiment 7
The volume fraction of composite material is：B4C content is 55vol.%, and Si contents are 5vol.%, Al-Cu-Mg-Co bases
Body content is 40vol.%.Above-mentioned B4C grain sizes are 20 μm, 30 μm of Al powders diameter, 20 μm of Cu powders diameter, 30 μm of Mg powders diameter, Co
1 μm of powder diameter.First to B4C carries out pre-oxidation and drying and processing respectively with Si particles, and configuration nominal composition is Al-4.0Cu-
The powder of 1.5Mg-1.0Co, then by 55vol.%B4C, 5vol.%Si and 40vol.%Al-4.0Cu-1.5Mg-1.0Co is mixed
It closes powder and carries out the mixed powder of ball milling, 100 revs/min, Ball-milling Time 20h of drum's speed of rotation, ratio of grinding media to material 2: 1；By mixed powder
It is packed into isostatic cool pressing rubber package set after sieving, cold isostatic compaction, isostatic cool pressing pressure 100MPa, pressing time are carried out after sealing
15min；Vacuum degassing is carried out to isostatic cool pressing billet in well formula resistance furnace, vacuum level requirements are less than 1 at the end of vacuum degassing
×10-2Pa；Billet after vacuum degassing is subjected to HIP sintering, 580 DEG C, pressure 100MPa of hip temperature, pressurize
Time 3h obtains (55%B4C+5%Si)/Al-4.0Cu-1.5Mg-1.0Co composite material billets.Gained (55%B4C+5%
Si the density of)/Al-4.0Cu-1.5Mg-1.0Co composite materials is 2.58g/cm3, coefficient of thermal expansion 8.4 × 10-6K-1(25~
100 DEG C), thermal conductivity 89W/mK, bending strength 530MPa, elasticity modulus 196GPa.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high-volume fractional B4C mixes the aluminum matrix composite of enhancing with Si particles, which is characterized in that by Al-Cu-Mg-Co
Alloy substrate and B4The mixing of C and Si enhances phase composition, and by volume percentage, the content of Al-Cu-Mg-Co alloy substrates is
30-45%, B4The content of C is 55-60%, and the content of Si is a, 5%≤a≤10%；In the Al-Cu-Mg-Co alloys, press
The content of weight percent meter, each metal component is Cu 3.6%-4.5%, Mg 0.8%-1.5%, Co 0-2%, and surplus is
Al。
2. a kind of high-volume fractional B described in claim 14C mixes the preparation work of the aluminum matrix composite of enhancing with Si particles
Skill, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
(1) by B4C carries out pre-oxidation treatment, and Si particles carry out drying and processing；
(2) Al-Cu-Mg-Co alloy powders are configured to using atomization Al powder, Cu powder, Mg powder and Co powder；
(3) by pretreated B4C, Si particles are packed into ball mill with the Al alloy powders configured and carry out mixed powder in proportion；
(4) it is billet the powder after ball milling mixing to be carried out cold isostatic compaction, and billet loading vacuum degassing is carried out with jacket
Then vacuum degassing carries out hip moulding to the billet after vacuum degassing.
3. preparation process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (1), B4The grain size of C is 5-20 μm, B4C
Purity be higher than 95%；Pre oxidation is 300-450 DEG C, soaking time 24-48h.
4. preparation process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (2), the grain size of Al powder is 5-30 μm,
The grain size of Cu powder is 5-20 μm, and the grain size of Mg powder is 25-50 μm, and the grain size of Co powder is 1-4 μm.
5. preparation process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (3), powder is in rotary type ball mill
Mixing, drum's speed of rotation are 40-150 revs/min, Ball-milling Time 10-40h, ratio of grinding media to material 2:1.
6. preparation process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (4), the pressure of isostatic cool pressing is 80-
180MPa, dwell time 10-30min.
7. preparation process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (4), the vacuum degassing is with jacket
Pure Al jackets, vacuum degree is less than 1 × 10 at the end of billet degasification-2Pa。
8. preparation process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (4), the temperature of hot isostatic pressing is 550-
580 DEG C, pressure 90-130MPa, dwell time 1-3h.
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