CN106805236A - Extracting method and its application of mushroom mucus are slided with inoxidizability - Google Patents
Extracting method and its application of mushroom mucus are slided with inoxidizability Download PDFInfo
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 13
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- HHEAADYXPMHMCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dpph Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N]N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 HHEAADYXPMHMCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007760 free radical scavenging Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000168667 Pholiota nameko Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014528 Pholiota nameko Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007400 DNA extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLXPLDLEBORRPT-UHFFFAOYSA-M [NH4+].[Fe+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O Chemical class [NH4+].[Fe+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZLXPLDLEBORRPT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
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- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005461 organic phosphorous group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of extracting method and its application that mushroom mucus is slided with inoxidizability.The extracting method of sliding mushroom mucus is：Fresh sliding mushroom root is wiped out, sliding massee fruiting bodies is shaken in 25~27 DEG C of water and is washed 2~3h, sliding massee fruiting bodies are 1 with water solid-liquid ratio:1~1:3 (g/ml), filtering and collecting filter liquid repeats 2~4 same operation merging filtrates, and filtering and impurity removing obtains sliding mushroom mucus.Poured into tray after the sliding mushroom rotated evaporation in vacuo of mucus is concentrated into 45 times, heated-air drying obtains sliding mushroom mucus dry to constant weight in 45~60 DEG C of baking ovens, sliding mushroom mucus dry is prepared into antioxidant as active ingredient.It is simple to operation using the inventive method, low cost, the antioxidant of preparation is green, pollution-free, antioxidation activity is high.The present invention has widened the application field of sliding mushroom mucus, takes full advantage of sliding mushroom mucus, as the raw material of antioxidant, can substitute existing chemical antioxidants, makes up the deficiencies in the prior art, for antioxidant field provides new approaches.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to food processing field, and in particular to a kind of to slide the extracting method of mushroom mucus with inoxidizability and answer
With.
Background technology
Sliding mushroom scientific name Pholiota nameko (Pholiota nameko).It is glutinous when eating to slide because there is one layer of mucus on its cap surface
It is good to eat and gain the name.Mushroom not only delicious flavour is slided, it is nutritious, and with medical value higher.China has turned into the world
The maximum country of sliding mushroom yield, main producing region concentrates on the ground such as northern Hebei, Liaoning, Heilungkiang.In Taiwan Province of China, because of sliding mushroom umbrella
Shape is small, hemispherical, fruit agglomerate, as the jewelry that a string of pearls are made, also referred to as " pearl mushroom " or " natural pearls mushroom ".
Sliding mushroom fresh mushroom moisture content is about 93%.33.76g containing crude protein, pure protein 15.13g, fat in the dry mushroom of mushroom are slided per 100g
(wherein add water generation reduced sugar 32.24g, pentosan 2.77g, methylpentosan 0.94g, marine alga for fat 4.05g, total reducing sugar 38.89g
Sugared 3.67g, mannose 3.20g), fiber 14.23g, ash content 8.99g.Contain various mineral units such as potassium, phosphorus, iron, calcium in ash content
Element.Additionally, mushroom is slided per 100g contains vitamin B20.05mg, vitamin C 8.83mg, vitamin D 0.22g, sliding mushroom have very
Nutritive value high, is a kind of low in calories, low-fat health food.
A large amount of mucus are contained on fresh sliding mushroom surface, and from terms of the function of sliding mushroom mucus, sliding mushroom mucus can be by improving thymus gland
Index, spleen index and Splenic vein hemodynamics rate enhancing immunity of organisms, play anti-aging effects.Water is usually used in industry
Wash, finish, cooling down, mushroom is slided in the method treatment of salt marsh, to extend storage life, and instant edible, this process can produce substantial amounts of
Waste water containing sliding mushroom mucus, throws away generally as waste liquid, not only pollutes environment, also results in a large amount of losses of sliding mushroom nutriment,
Cause to waste.
The content of the invention
In order to be made full use of to sliding mushroom mucus, it is to avoid waste, environmental pollution is reduced, the present invention provides a kind of with anti-
The extracting method of the sliding mushroom mucus of oxidisability and its application.
First purpose of the present invention is that the extracting method that mushroom mucus is slided with inoxidizability is claimed, and slides carrying for mushroom mucus
The method of taking is：
Fresh sliding mushroom root is wiped out, sliding massee fruiting bodies is shaken in 25~27 DEG C of water and is washed 2~3h, sliding massee fruiting bodies and water
Solid-liquid ratio is 1:1~1:3 (g/ml), filtering and collecting filter liquid repeats 2~4 same operation merging filtrates, and filtering and impurity removing is obtained
To sliding mushroom mucus.
Preferably, shaking the condition of washing is：25 DEG C of temperature is shaken and washes 2h.
Preferably, sliding massee fruiting bodies and water solid-liquid ratio are 1:1(g/ml).
Another object of the present invention is claimed the application of above-mentioned sliding mushroom mucus, and method is：Will the sliding mushroom rotated steaming of mucus
Poured into tray after 4-5 times of vacuum concentration of getting angry, heated-air drying obtains sliding mushroom mucus dry to constant weight in 45~60 DEG C of baking ovens
Matter, antioxidant is prepared using sliding mushroom mucus dry as active ingredient.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The sliding mushroom mucus extracting method of the present invention is simple to operation, into
This is low, is adapted to large-scale production, beneficial to industrialization.The sliding mushroom mucus inoxidizability that the method is obtained is strong, the antioxidant of preparation
Green, pollution-free, antioxidation activity is high, can substitute existing chemical antioxidants.The present invention has widened answering for sliding mushroom mucus
With field, sliding mushroom mucus utilization rate is improved, the raw material turned waste into wealth as antioxidant makes up the deficiencies in the prior art,
For antioxidant field provides new approaches.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 protein standard curves；
DNA agargel electrophoresis in Fig. 2 mucus；
Fig. 3 phosphorus standard curves；
Fig. 4 glucose standard curves；
Fig. 5 slides the inoxidizability curve of mushroom mucus.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further described with reference to specific embodiment, but the present invention is not with any shape
Formula is limited to embodiment content.Test method described in embodiment unless otherwise specified, is conventional method；Such as without special theory
Bright, the reagent and biomaterial are commercially obtained.
Embodiment 1
The extraction of sliding mushroom mucus：
Fresh sliding mushroom root is wiped out, 3 parts of each 200g of sliding massee fruiting bodies are weighed, numbering is 1,2, No. 3 respectively.Every part of use
200mL water washes 2h in being shaken at 25 DEG C, filtering and collecting filter liquid.Sliding massee fruiting bodies 200mL water is washed into 2h in being shaken at 25 DEG C again, mistake
Filter.Shaken under the conditions of with 100mL water again and washed, the filtrate after three filterings is merged respectively.With six layers of filtered through gauze removal of impurities three times, system
Into sliding mushroom mucus.4 DEG C of Refrigerator stores.
The extraction data summary table of the mucus of table 1
Test result indicate that, the fresh sliding mushrooms of 200g add 500ml water altogether, at 25 DEG C shake washing.Final acquisition mucus amount
Average value is 315ml, and the average yield of mucus is 63%.Sliding mushroom mucus pH average values are 5.42, in faintly acid.Sliding mushroom water content
It is 95.23%, the dry matter content of mucus is 2.25mg/mL.
Embodiment 2
Sliding mushroom mucus qualitative analysis
(1) protein qualitative test
Protein content is surveyed using Bradford methods.The presence of albumen is detected with biuret method.Protein contains multiple peptide bonds,
Energy and Cu in alkaline solution2+It is complexed into the complex compound of aubergine.The depth of its color is in protein concentration in sample
Direct ratio, and it is unrelated with protein molecular weight and aminoacid ingredient, therefore can be used to determine protein content.
Two test tubes are taken, 1% standard protein solution 1mL and mucus 1mL is separately added into.It is each again to add 10%NaOH solution
2mL, shakes up, and the copper-bath 2 for adding 1% drips, and side edged shakes, and observes the change of solution colour.
The light absorption value that the standard protein of table 2 is measured
Table 3 slides the result of mushroom mucus protein assay
Test result indicate that, protein concentration is 15.41 μ g/mL in sliding mushroom mucus, and protein content is 0.685%.
(2) nucleic acid qualitative test
Surveyed using fixing phosphorus method and adjust content.The DNA in sliding mushroom mucus extract and pure using DNA extraction kit
Change, then detected with 1% agargel electrophoresis.
As shown in Figure 2.Test result indicate that, occur two bright bands in figure, illustrate there is the presence of DNA in cunning mushroom mucus.
Table 4 slides the measure of mushroom mucus nucleic acid content
DNA concentration computing formula：Organic phosphorous content/survey timing sampling milliliter number × extension rate/9.9% (1)
Test result indicate that, DNA concentration is 27.38 μ g/mL in sliding mushroom mucus, and nucleic acid content is 1.217%.
(3) polysaccharide qualitative test
Using FehLing methods.Two test tubes are taken, 1% glucose solution 1mL, mucus 1mL, then each addition is separately added into
FehLing reagents (0.1g/ml NaOH and 0.05g/ml CuSO4Mixing, matching while using) 2mL, the concentrated sulfuric acid 1 drip.In boiling water bath
Heating 5min, takes out, cools down, and observes color change.
Table 5 slides the data summarization of mushroom mucilage polysaccharides assay
Test result indicate that, polysaccharide concentration is 0.512mg/mL in mucus, and purity of polysaccharide is 74.50%, and polyoses content is
22.76%
The fresh sliding mushrooms of 200g with 500mL water shake washing, and obtain the average value of mucus amount for 315mL, and the yield of mucus is
63%.That is the fresh sliding mushrooms of 1g, obtainable mucus amount is 1.575mL, and wherein mucilage polysaccharides are 0.891mg, and nucleic acid is 43.12 μ
G, protein is 24.27 μ g.Because the water content of sliding mushroom is 95.23%, so the dry weight of the fresh sliding mushrooms of 1g is 0.0477g.With cunning
The dry weight of mushroom is converted, and can be obtained and be contained mucilage polysaccharides 18.679mg, nucleic acid 0.904mg, protein in the cunning dry mushroom of mushroom per 1g
0.508mg。
Embodiment 3
Antioxygenic property is tested
Scavenging action of the sliding mushroom mucus to OH
Six 10mL graded tubes are taken, the Tris-HCL solution (pH8.20) of 1mL, 0.3mL iron ammonium sulfates is sequentially added
The Phen solution (7.5mmol/L) of (5mmol/L) and 0.3mL, No. 1 and No. 2 test tubes are not added with sample, in 3 to No. 6 test tubes point
Not Jia Ru 0.5mL, 1.0mL, 1.5mL, 2.0mL mucus, No. 1 test tube is added without H2O2(7.5mmol/L), 2 to No. 6 test tubes add
Enter H2O2.It is settled to 10mL.1h is reacted in 37 DEG C of water-bath, is returned to zero with Tris-HCL solution, absorbance is surveyed under 510nm
A, calculates the clearance rate to OH.
The mucus scavenging hydroxyl activity test of table 6 is loaded table
OH clearance rate computing formula are：
In formula (2), A1 is not added with H for system2O2With the light absorption value of mucus；A2 adds H for system2O2And it is later to be not added with mucus
Light absorption value；A3 is that system adds H2O2With the light absorption value after mucus.
Table 7 slides clearance rate of the mushroom mucus to OH
When clearance rate reaches 50%, the volume for adding mucus is 1.45mL, wherein the polysaccharide containing 0.82mg, 22.34 μ
The nucleic acid of the protein of g and 39.70 μ g.
Sliding mushroom mucus is to O2-Scavenging action
5 10mL graded tubes are taken, it is each to add 0.05mol/L Tris-HCL buffer solution 4.5mL, it is placed in 25 DEG C of water-baths pre-
Hot 25min, 1 to No. 4 are separately added into 0.5mL, 1.0mL, 1.5mL, 2.0mL mucus and supply 2.0mL with water.In No. 5 test tubes
Add 2mL water.Every test tube adds 0.4mL pyrogallols solution (0.5mmol/L), mixes after reaction in 25 DEG C of water-baths
4min, adds the drop terminating reactions of HCL (8mol/L) 2.Returned to zero with Tris-HCL buffer solutions, the mensuration absorbance at 320nm, blank
Control group is replaced with the water of same volume.
Table 8 removes superoxide anion activity test sample-adding table
Superoxide anion clearance rate computing formula is：
O2-Clearance rate (%)=(Ao-Ai) ÷ Ao × 100% (3)
In formula (3), Ao is the light absorption value that system does not add sugar juice (mucus)；Ai is that system adds polysaccharide solution (mucus)
Light absorption value.
Table 9 slides clearance rate of the mushroom mucus to superoxide anion
By can be calculated, when clearance rate reaches 50%, the volume for adding mucus is 1.22mL, wherein containing 0.69mg
Polysaccharide, the nucleic acid of the protein of 18.80 μ g and 33.40 μ g.With the sliding mushroom mucilage polysaccharides and Vc antioxygens measured by same group experiment
The result of activity is compared, and when clearance rate reaches 50%, polysaccharide concentration is 0.72mg/mL, and Vc concentration is 0.43mg/mL.Determine
The volume of Shi Suojia is 1mL, and sliding mushroom mucus has stronger oxidation resistance, and the material of its Main Function is polysaccharide.
Scavenging action of the sliding mushroom mucus to DPPH free radicals
9 test tubes are taken, No. 1 is blank cuvette, adds 2mL absolute ethyl alcohols and 2mLDPPH solution.2 to No. 5 test tubes add respectively
Enter 2mL DPPH solution, 6 to No. 9 test tubes are separately added into the absolute ethyl alcohol of 2mL.2 to No. 5 test tubes be separately added into 0.5mL, 1.0mL,
The mucus of 1.5mL, 2.0mL, and complement to 2.0mL6 to No. 9 test tube with water and be separately added into 0.5mL, 1.0mL, 1.5mL, 2.0mL
Mucus, and complement to 2.0mL with water.Light absorption value Ai is surveyed at 517nm after reaction 0.5h.
The free radical scavenging of table 10 experiment sample-adding table
DPPH free radical scavenging activity computing formula are：
DPPH free radical scavenging activities (%)=[1- (Ai-Aj)] ÷ Ac × 100% (4)
In formula (4), Ai is the light absorption value that system adds DPPH and sliding mushroom mucus；Aj does not add for system adds polysaccharide solution
The light absorption value of DPPH；Ac is added without sliding the light absorption value of mushroom mucus for system.
Table 11 slides clearance rate of the mushroom mucus to DPPH
By can be calculated, when clearance rate reaches 50%, the volume for adding mucus is 1.21mL, wherein containing 0.68mg
Polysaccharide, the nucleic acid of the protein of 18.65 μ g and 33.13 μ g.With the sliding mushroom mucilage polysaccharides and Vc antioxygens measured by same group experiment
The result of activity is compared, and when clearance rate reaches 50%, polysaccharide concentration is 0.78mg/mL, and Vc concentration is 0.44mg/mL.Determine
The volume of Shi Suojia is 1mL, and sliding mushroom mucus has stronger oxidation resistance, and the material of its Main Function is polysaccharide.
Mushroom mucus will be slided to OH, O2-·And the clearance rate of DPPH is contrasted, as shown in Figure 5, it can be seen that sliding mushroom sticks
Scavenging action of the liquid to DPPH is stronger, and before mucus volume is 1mL, to O2-The increased speed of clearance rate is relatively
Hurry up, after mucus volume is 1mL, sliding mushroom mucus is relatively fast to the increased speed of DPPH clearance rates.
Embodiment 4 prepares antioxidant
Sliding mushroom mucus prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 can prepare antioxidant directly as antioxidant raw material, also may be used
It is used to prepare antioxidant as auxiliary material.The method for preparing antioxidant can be using the life of coated tablet commonly used in the art
Product method.When preparing antioxidant, poured into tray after the sliding rotated boil-off gas of mushroom mucus first are concentrated in vacuo into 5 times, in 45 DEG C
Heated-air drying obtains sliding mushroom mucus dry to constant weight in baking oven.Will sliding mushroom mucus dry and dispensing (Tea Polyphenols, crystallite fibre
Dimension element) it is well mixed, it is made coated tablet through powder vertical compression, plain piece, film coating piece.
Claims (4)
1. there is inoxidizability to slide the extracting method of mushroom mucus, it is characterised in that the extracting method of sliding mushroom mucus is：
Fresh sliding mushroom root is wiped out, sliding massee fruiting bodies is shaken in 25~27 DEG C of water and is washed 2~3h, slide massee fruiting bodies and water feed liquid
Than being 1:1~1:3 (g/ml), filtering and collecting filter liquid repeats 2~4 same operation merging filtrates, and filtering and impurity removing is slided
Mushroom mucus.
2. it is according to claim 1 with inoxidizability slide mushroom mucus extracting method, it is characterised in that shake the condition of washing
For：25 DEG C of temperature is shaken and washes 2h.
3. the extracting method that mushroom mucus is slided with inoxidizability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sliding massee fruiting bodies
It is 1 with water solid-liquid ratio:1(g/ml).
4. application of the sliding mushroom mucus in antioxidant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that by the sliding mushroom rotated steaming of mucus
Poured into tray after 4-5 times of vacuum concentration of getting angry, heated-air drying obtains sliding mushroom mucus dry to constant weight in 45~60 DEG C of baking ovens
Matter, antioxidant is prepared using sliding mushroom mucus dry as active ingredient.
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