CN106800730B - Composite material for bearing, its preparation method and application in making tray - Google Patents

Composite material for bearing, its preparation method and application in making tray Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106800730B
CN106800730B CN201710003681.0A CN201710003681A CN106800730B CN 106800730 B CN106800730 B CN 106800730B CN 201710003681 A CN201710003681 A CN 201710003681A CN 106800730 B CN106800730 B CN 106800730B
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tray
content
basic unit
ash
lubricant
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CN106800730A (en
Inventor
方斌正
王文斌
曹建伟
姜淑艳
张伟
陈继胜
张鹏飞
柴泽亮
王守泽
李慧
白锁
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Inner Mongolia Jia Yun Tong intelligent environmental protection new material Co., Ltd.
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Inner Mongolia Jia Yun Tong Intelligent Environmental Protection New Material Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/08—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
    • C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
    • C08J9/103—Azodicarbonamide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B29C2948/92895—Barrel or housing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/02—CO2-releasing, e.g. NaHCO3 and citric acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/04—N2 releasing, ex azodicarbonamide or nitroso compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/18—Binary blends of expanding agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2497/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
    • C08J2497/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
    • C08L2207/20—Recycled plastic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

A composite material for bearing, its preparation method and application in making tray are disclosed. The composite material for bearing is prepared from fly ash, ferrosilicon ash, polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials, and light calcium, wood powder, a stabilizer, a modifier, a foaming agent, a foaming regulator, a first lubricant, a second lubricant and the like which are added according to needs. The tray is made by assembling the materials of the composition for carrying. The composite material for bearing has the advantages of simple preparation method, low cost, high added value of products, good environmental protection benefit and wide application prospect.

Description

Composite material for bearing, its preparation method and application in making tray
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of materials and the field of tray processing, in particular to a composite material for bearing, a tray processed by the material and a preparation method of the tray.
Background
The fly ash is a solid waste generated in the production process of a coal-fired power plant, and the yield of the fly ash accounts for 5-20% of the total coal-fired quantity. The annual emission amount of the fly ash in China is about 5 hundred million tons, the piling amount of the fly ash in China is more than 20 hundred million tons at present, and an ash storage yard occupies about 4 multiplied by 104km2 of land, so that the environment is seriously polluted, and a large amount of land resources are also occupied. At present, the technologies of doping fly ash to prepare light materials, refractory materials, heat insulation materials, building materials, daily-use ceramic materials and the like are applied, but the effect of utilizing the fly ash with high added value is not obvious.
The ferrosilicon ash is industrial waste residue formed by collecting and treating smoke dust escaping along with waste gas in the process of smelting ferrosilicon alloy by a special collecting device. At present, the accumulation amount and the yield of the ferrosilicon ash in China reach more than one billion tons, and the environment is seriously polluted. At present, the ferrosilicon ash is mainly used as an additive of cement and refractory materials, an adhesive of metallurgical pellets, a chemical product dispersant, a filler of rubber and plastics, a plastic package material of the electronic industry, pouring of the electrical industry and the like. These techniques cannot make high value-added use of ferrosilicon ash, and therefore, a new method for comprehensively utilizing ferrosilicon ash needs to be sought.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin is a thermoplastic polymer obtained by polymerizing Vinyl Chloride (VC) monomer, and is one of four general-purpose plastics in the world. According to the reckoning, the demand of PVC in China is increased by 10% every year, and the mass use of PVC inevitably causes a large amount of waste products, which pollute the environment for human life such as rivers, lakes and the like. The recycling of PVC not only can solve the problem of environmental protection, but also can relieve the pressure of resource shortage, and particularly has important significance in recycling PVC raw materials at the present that the price of the raw materials continuously rises.
The tray for bearing articles on the market at present is mainly made of wood, plastic and steel, but has the irreparable defects: the wooden tray is easy to decay after being affected with damp, and iron nails used for assembly are easily exposed to the outside to destroy the appearance of a product; the common plastic pallet has lower strength, low bearing capacity, poor size fixing flexibility, easy aging and low durability; iron pallets are heavy, expensive and waste a lot of steel resources.
Patent CN102993604A discloses a fly ash foamed sheet, which is made of fly ash and polyvinyl chloride resin, and is used for indoor floor or outdoor wallboard. Patent 104177794A discloses a tray and its preparation method, which is prepared by recycling PET and calcium carbonate powder.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem existing in the prior art is that a bearing tray which has moisture resistance, strong strength and bearing capacity and light weight is not available in the prior art, and no patent on the preparation of a bearing material or a novel environment-friendly tray by using fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and a polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material is reported. At present, the ferrosilicon ash is not proposed to be used for bearing materials, a method related to the comprehensive utilization of fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials is not proposed, and the high value-added processing and recycling of waste products of fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials are not explained.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and finds that the fly ash contains a large amount of silicon-aluminum oxides and the ferrosilicon ash contains a large amount of amorphous silicon oxides, and if the main components in the fly ash and the ferrosilicon ash are utilized and combined with the processability and the physicochemical properties of the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material, the waste can be changed into valuable, and the aim of protecting the environment is fulfilled. The composite material for bearing is prepared from raw materials including fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials, and light calcium carbonate, wood powder, a stabilizer, a modifier, a foaming agent, a foaming regulator, a first lubricant and a second lubricant which are added according to needs. The tray is made of the composite material for bearing the weight through a reasonable process.
The prior technical literature does not make relevant description on the preparation of the bearing material or the novel environment-friendly tray by using fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) reclaimed materials. Therefore, the products and methods in the prior art documents are different from the materials and trays for preparing the load bearing composition of the present invention. The invention recycles waste fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride, prepares the novel composite material for bearing by using a simple process, and uses the material for preparing the environment-friendly tray, thereby improving the added value and the recycling rate of the product.
Specifically, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a composite material for bearing, which is prepared from the following raw materials: fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials.
Preferably, in the composition material for bearing load, the amount of the fly ash is 25 to 40 wt%, preferably 27 to 30 wt%; the using amount of the ferrosilicon ash is 3-20 wt%, preferably 6-10 wt%; the amount of the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material is 25-40 wt%, preferably 29-35 wt%.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned material of the composition for supporting, the chemical composition of the fly ash comprises silica and alumina, and the content of the silica is 50-60 wt%, preferably 51-52 wt%; the content of the aluminum oxide is 20-40 wt%, preferably 26-30 wt%; the content of chlorine element in the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material is 50-86 wt%, and the content of calcium oxide is 2-28 wt%.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned composition for supporting material, the silica content in the ferrosilicon ash accounts for 80 wt% or more of the ferrosilicon ash.
Preferably, in the composite material for bearing, the sieve size of the Taylor sieve of the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material is 20-200 meshes.
Preferably, in the composition material for bearing the weight, the raw materials comprise 10 to 20 wt% of light calcium carbonate, 0 to 8 wt% of wood powder, 1 to 3 wt% of stabilizing agent, 1 to 2.5 wt% of modifying agent, 0.1 to 1 wt% of foaming agent, 2 to 5 wt% of foaming regulator, 0.1 to 1 wt% of first lubricant and 0.1 to 1 wt% of second lubricant.
Preferably, in the composition material for supporting, the content of the stabilizer is 2 to 2.5 wt%; the content of the modifier is 1.2-2.5 wt%; the content of the foaming agent is 0.3-0.6 wt%; the content of the foaming regulator is 3-4 wt%; the content of the first lubricant is 0.4-0.8 wt%; the content of the second lubricant is 0.2-0.5 wt%.
Preferably, in the material of the supporting composition, the modifier contains chlorinated polyethylene and/or an acrylate copolymer.
Preferably, in the material for a support composition, the foaming agent contains azodicarbonamide and/or sodium bicarbonate.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned composition for supporting a load, the first lubricant is one or more of stearic acid, stearic alcohol, stearic acid, and zinc stearate; the second lubricant is one or more than two selected from paraffin wax, polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax or oxidized polyethylene wax.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned material of the supporting composition, the stabilizer is selected from a complex lead salt stabilizer or a calcium-zinc complex stabilizer.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite material for bearing, which comprises the following steps:
(1) screening raw materials: screening the fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials;
(2) mixing the ingredients: mixing the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material obtained in the step (1) and other raw materials added according to needs in percentage by weight, wherein the mixing temperature is 110-130 ℃, and then cooling the mixture to 20-50 ℃;
(3) extruding: and (3) performing extrusion molding on the material obtained in the step (2) by using an extrusion molding machine to obtain a bearing composition material.
Preferably, in the above preparation method, in the step (3), the extrusion molding machine includes an extrusion part, the extrusion part includes an extrusion cylinder and a main machine screw, the extrusion cylinder is sequentially divided into a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder and a fourth cylinder along a material output direction, and the main machine screw is provided with a confluence core and a head; during extrusion, the material obtained in the step (2) sequentially passes through a first material cylinder, a second material cylinder, a third material cylinder and a fourth material cylinder along the material output direction under the rotation of a main machine screw, wherein the temperature range of the first material cylinder is 175-185 ℃, the temperature range of the second material cylinder is 172-182 ℃, the temperature range of the third material cylinder is 170-180 ℃, the temperature range of the fourth material cylinder is 165-180 ℃, the temperature range of a confluence core is 160-170 ℃, and the temperature range of a machine head is 167-177 ℃.
Preferably, in the preparation method, a part of the ingredient mixture obtained in the step (1) and the step (2) is replaced by waste bearing composition materials or waste tray crushed materials, and the addition ratio of the crushed materials is preferably 5-15%.
The invention also provides a tray prepared from the composition material for bearing.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the tray, which comprises the following steps:
(1) molding: sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the basic unit size requirement of the tray panel, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray panel; sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the size requirement of the basic unit of the tray base, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray base;
(2) assembling: and (3) transversely arranging the finished products of the basic units of the tray panel obtained in the step (1) on the finished products of the basic units of the tray base obtained in the step (1) according to the size requirement of the tray, and nailing steel nails into the joints of each basic unit of the tray panel and the basic units of the tray base by using steel nails guns to obtain the finished products of the tray.
The use of the load bearing composition material of the present invention in a tray.
The invention provides application of ferrosilicon ash in preparing a composition material for bearing.
Preferably, the ferrosilicon ash is used in the preparation of pallets.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
the novel environment-friendly tray is prepared by scientifically proportioning fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials, and the main raw materials (25-40% of fly ash particles, 3-20% of ferrosilicon ash and 25-40% of polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials) belong to bulk industrial solid wastes, so that the raw material cost is extremely low; according to the method for preparing the novel environment-friendly tray by using the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials, the finished tray product can be obtained by the raw materials through simple processes of screening, mixing, extruding, forming, assembling and the like, the process is extremely simple, and the additional value is high; unqualified products produced in the production and products with service life exceeding are crushed and can be used as raw materials for reproduction, the product recovery rate is extremely high, and good economic benefits can be obtained; the invention provides a new technical support for the comprehensive utilization of fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials, and can obtain good environmental protection benefits; the invention changes the fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials into valuable and fills the blank of the field of preparing the novel environment-friendly tray by utilizing the fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials.
According to the method for preparing the novel environment-friendly tray by using the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials, the utilization ratio of waste (the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials) in the raw materials is 53-80%, and the utilization ratio of the waste is extremely high.
After the ferrosilicon ash is added into the fly ash and polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials, the density of the materials can be reduced, the strength is improved, and the materials are not easy to crack. The prepared tray has light weight, strong bearing capacity and low cost.
The invention and its advantageous technical effects are explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and various embodiments, in which:
drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the tray manufacturing process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of a tray product manufactured according to examples 1 to 4 of the present invention, which is composed of a tray panel basic unit product and a tray base basic unit product.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a tray panel basic unit completed product prepared in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention in a direction of a-a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the completed base unit of the pallet base prepared in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention, taken along the direction B-B in fig. 2.
Wherein the length of the finished product of the basic unit of the tray panel is L1And one side surface of the finished product of the panel basic unit is provided with two grooves along the length direction.
The length of the finished product of the basic unit of the tray base is L2The section vertical to the length direction is of an I-shaped structure. The I-shaped structure consists of a middle connecting section and two parallel structures.
Detailed Description
As described above, the present invention aims to: the composite material for bearing is obtained by utilizing fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials through scientific proportioning and reasonable process, and the novel environment-friendly tray is prepared by utilizing the composite material for bearing.
A method of making a load bearing composite material comprising the steps of:
(1) screening raw materials: screening the fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material raw materials, and packaging for later use, preferably screening by using a 20-200-mesh screen;
(2) mixing the ingredients: uniformly mixing the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material obtained in the step (1) with light calcium, wood powder, a stabilizer, a modifier, a foaming agent, a foaming regulator, a first lubricant and a second lubricant which are added according to needs according to a weight ratio to obtain a composition material for bearing, mixing, wherein the mixing temperature is 110-130 ℃, and then cooling to 20-50 ℃; preferably, the weight ratio of the silicon iron dust, the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material, the light calcium, the wood powder, the stabilizer, the modifier, the foaming agent, the foaming regulator, the first lubricant and the second lubricant is (25-40): (3-20): (25-40): (10-20): (0-8): (1-3): (1-2.5): (0.1-1): (2-5): (0.1-1): (0.1-1) uniformly mixing at 140 ℃ under 120 ℃, -and cooling to 20-50 ℃;
the stabilizer used in the present invention may be a conventional stabilizer commercially available. The stabilizer is preferably a composite lead salt stabilizer, more preferably a dust-free lead salt composite stabilizer, wherein the content of lead oxide is 53-57 wt%, and the content of calcium oxide is 40-44 wt%. The calcium zinc stabilizer contains main components such as calcium salt, zinc salt, lubricant, antioxidant and the like, and the conventional calcium zinc stabilizer comprises liquid calcium zinc stabilizer, solid calcium zinc stabilizer and paste calcium zinc stabilizer. Preferably, the calcium zinc stabilizer comprises 10-20 wt% of zinc stearate, 5-10 wt% of calcium stearate, 40-50 wt% of calcium carbonate, 10-20 wt% of hydrotalcite, 5-10 wt% of calcium hydroxide, 1-3 wt% of pentaerythritol, 1-3 wt% of paraffin, 3-8 wt% of ethylene bis stearamide, 1-3 wt% of dibenzoyl methane and 0-1 wt% of composite antioxidant.
The modifier used in the present invention may be a conventional stabilizer commercially available. The modifier preferably comprises chlorinated polyethylene and/or an acrylate copolymer. The acrylate copolymer used by the modifier is preferably one or more of butyl acrylate polymer, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene graft copolymer, polyacrylate and methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer.
After the bearing composition material is unqualified in detection or discarded and recycled in use, the recycled material is obtained through technological treatment such as crushing and grinding, and is added in an external feeding mode, wherein the external proportion is 5-15%, for example: 5-15 kg of reclaimed materials can be added into 100kg of normal production raw materials and uniformly mixed for use.
(3) Extruding: and (3) performing extrusion molding on the material obtained in the step (2) by using an extrusion molding machine to obtain a bearing composition material. The extrusion molding machine comprises a feeding part and an extrusion part, wherein the feeding part comprises a feeding motor, a feeding cylinder and a feeding screw; the extrusion part comprises a host motor, an extrusion material cylinder and a host screw rod, the confluence core and the machine head are installed at one end of material output by the host screw rod, and the extrusion material cylinder is sequentially divided into a first material cylinder, a second material cylinder, a third material cylinder and a fourth material cylinder along the material output direction. During extrusion, the material obtained in the step (2) is sequentially extruded through a first material cylinder, a second material cylinder, a third material cylinder and a fourth material cylinder along the material output direction under the rotation of a main machine screw, wherein the temperature range of the first material cylinder is 175-185 ℃, the temperature range of the second material cylinder is 172-182 ℃, the temperature range of the third material cylinder is 170-180 ℃, the temperature range of the fourth material cylinder is 165-180 ℃, the temperature range of a confluence core is 160-170 ℃, the temperature range of a machine head is 167-177 ℃, and the bearing composition material is obtained through extrusion;
the temperature of first feed cylinder to fourth feed cylinder reduces gradually, and the high temperature of first feed cylinder or cross the high temperature of crossing and all can influence the material quality, and the high temperature of first feed cylinder, the material can take place to be burnt and glue the material, and the temperature of first feed cylinder is crossed lowly, can make the material be difficult to plastify extrusion moulding.
The composite material for bearing is molded to produce different bearing parts for use in tray, etc.
A method of making a tray from a load bearing composition material, comprising the steps of:
(1) molding: sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the size requirement of the basic unit of the tray panel, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray panel shown in figure 3;
sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the size requirement of the basic unit of the tray base, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray base shown in figure 4;
(2) assembling: and (3) transversely arranging the finished products of the basic units of the tray panel obtained in the step (1) on the finished products of the basic units of the tray base obtained in the step (1) according to the size requirement of the tray, and nailing steel nails into the joints of each basic unit of the tray panel and the basic units of the tray base by using steel nails guns to obtain the finished products of the tray.
Wherein, the sizing table, the tractor, the cutter and the nail gun are all conventional equipments or tools for those skilled in the art, all the conventional equipments or tools can be used in the invention, and the specific forming and assembling conditions are the conditions which can be conventionally determined by those skilled in the art.
The following will describe the composition material for supporting of the present invention, a tray prepared by using the composition material for supporting of the present invention, and the performance of the tray was examined by using specific examples.
The reagents and instrumentation used in the following examples were from the following sources:
Figure BDA0001202403900000091
example 1
The environmental protection tray 1# is prepared by the following steps:
(1) screening raw materials: sieving the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material by using 20-mesh and 200-mesh screens, and packaging for later use;
(2) mixing the ingredients: the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: weighing 25% of fly ash, 20% of ferrosilicon ash, 35% of polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material, 11% of light calcium, 2% of stabilizer compound lead salt, 2.5% of modifier chlorinated polyethylene, 0.3% of foaming agent azodicarbonamide, 3% of foaming regulator methyl acrylate, 0.8% of first lubricant stearic acid and 0.4% of second lubricant paraffin, uniformly mixing all the materials, wherein the mixing temperature is 110 ℃, and then cooling to 20 ℃;
(3) extruding: extruding and molding the mixed raw materials by using an extrusion molding machine to obtain a bearing composition material, wherein the temperature of a first material cylinder is 185 ℃, the temperature of a second material cylinder is 182 ℃, the temperature of a third material cylinder is 180 ℃, the temperature of a fourth material cylinder is 180 ℃, the temperature of a confluence core is 170 ℃, and the temperature of a machine head is 177 ℃;
(4) molding: sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the size requirement of the basic unit of the tray panel, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray panel shown in figure 3; the finished product of the basic unit of the tray panel is 1000mm long, and one side surface of the finished product of the basic unit of the tray panel is provided with two grooves along the length direction.
Sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the size requirement of the basic unit of the tray base, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray base shown in figure 4; the length of the finished product of the basic unit of the tray base is 1200mm, and the section vertical to the length direction is of an I-shaped structure. The I-shaped structure consists of a middle connecting section and two parallel structures.
(5) Assembling: mixing six L1The finished products of the basic units of the tray panel which is 1000mm long are transversely arranged in four L2The finished product of the base basic unit of the special-shaped tray which is 1200mm long is nailed with a steel nail with the length of 4.5cm by a steel nail gun at the joint of the finished product of the base basic unit of each panel and the finished product of the base basic unit; the finished tray product 1# as shown in fig. 2 is obtained.
The tray performance test was as follows:
the density of the material of the composition for bearing is 1390kg/m3The tray panel basic unit static bending strength (GB/T17657-1999) is 24.5MPa, and the tray stacking strength (test No. 4 in GB/T4995-2014) is 4600 kg.
Example 2
Preparing an environmental protection tray 2# by the following steps:
(1) screening raw materials: sieving the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material raw materials by using 20-mesh and 200-mesh screens, and packaging for later use;
(2) mixing the ingredients: the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40% of fly ash, 3% of ferrosilicon ash, 29% of polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material, 15% of light calcium, 3% of wood flour (80 meshes), 2.3% of stabilizer composite lead salt, 2.1% of modifier (1.5% of chlorinated polyethylene, 0.6% of acrylate copolymer), 0.6% of foaming agent (0.35% of azodicarbonamide, 0.25% of sodium bicarbonate), 4% of foaming regulator methyl acrylate, 0.8% of first lubricant stearic acid and 0.2% of second lubricant (0.1% of paraffin and 0.1% of PE wax) are weighed, all the materials are uniformly mixed, wherein the mixing temperature is 130 ℃, and then the materials are cooled to 50 ℃;
(3) extruding: extruding and molding the mixed raw materials by using an extrusion molding machine to obtain a bearing composition material, wherein the temperature of a first material cylinder is 178 ℃, the temperature of a second material cylinder is 175 ℃, the temperature of a third material cylinder is 172 ℃, the temperature of a fourth material cylinder is 169 ℃, the range of a confluence core is 161 ℃, and the range of a machine head is 172 ℃;
(4) molding: sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the basic unit size requirement of the tray panel, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray panel shown in figure 3, wherein the structure of the finished product is the same as that of the finished product in the embodiment 1;
sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the size requirement of the basic unit of the tray base, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, carrying out traction through a traction machine, and carrying out fixed-length cutting through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray base shown in figure 4, wherein the structure of the finished product is the same as that of the finished product in the embodiment 1;
(5) assembling: mixing six L1The finished products of the basic units of the tray panel which is 1000mm long are transversely arranged in four L2The finished product of the base basic unit of the special-shaped tray which is 1200mm long is nailed with a steel nail with the length of 4.5cm by a steel nail gun at the joint of the finished product of the base basic unit of each panel and the finished product of the base basic unit; the finished tray product 2# as shown in fig. 2 is obtained.
The tray performance test was as follows:
the density of the material of the composition for bearing is 1490kg/m3The static bending strength of the basic unit of the tray panel (GB/T17657-1999) is 22.4MPa, and the stacking strength of the tray (test No. 4 in GB/T4995-2014) is 4500 kg.
Example 3
Preparing an environmental protection tray 3# by the following steps:
(1) screening raw materials: sieving the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material raw materials by using 20-mesh and 200-mesh screens, and packaging for later use;
(2) mixing the ingredients: the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 27% of fly ash, 6% of ferrosilicon ash, 40% of polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material, 10% of light calcium, 8% of wood powder (120 meshes), 2.5% of stabilizer dust-free lead salt multifunctional composite stabilizer, 1.2% of modifier (0.7% of chlorinated polyethylene, 0.5% of acrylate copolymer), 0.6% of foaming agent (0.35% of azodicarbonamide, 0.25% of sodium bicarbonate), 4% of foaming regulator methyl acrylate, 0.4% of first lubricant stearic acid and 0.3% of second lubricant PE wax, and uniformly mixing all the materials, wherein the mixing temperature is 120 ℃, and then cooling to 30 ℃;
(3) extruding: extruding and molding the mixed raw materials by using an extrusion molding machine to obtain a bearing composition material, wherein the temperature of a first material cylinder is 182 ℃, the temperature of a second material cylinder is 180 ℃, the temperature of a third material cylinder is 178 ℃, the temperature of a fourth material cylinder is 178 ℃, the temperature of a confluence core is 168 ℃, and the temperature of a machine head is 175 ℃;
(4) molding: sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the basic unit size requirement of the tray panel, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray panel shown in figure 3, wherein the structure of the finished product is the same as that of the finished product in the embodiment 1;
sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the size requirement of the basic unit of the tray base, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, carrying out traction through a traction machine, and carrying out fixed-length cutting through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray base shown in figure 4, wherein the structure of the finished product is the same as that of the finished product in the embodiment 1;
(5) assembling: mixing six L1The finished products of the basic units of the tray panel which is 1000mm long are transversely arranged in four L2The finished product of the base basic unit of the special-shaped tray which is 1200mm long is nailed with a steel nail with the length of 4.5cm by a steel nail gun at the joint of the finished product of the base basic unit of each panel and the finished product of the base basic unit; the finished tray product 3# as shown in fig. 2 is obtained.
The tray performance test was as follows:
the material density of the bearing composition is 1350kg/m3, the static bending strength of the basic unit of the tray panel (GB/T17657-1999) is 19.7MPa, and the stacking strength of the tray (test No. 4 in GB/T4995-2014) is 4100 kg.
Example 4
The environmental protection tray 4# is prepared by the following steps:
(1) screening raw materials: sieving the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material raw materials by using 20-mesh and 200-mesh screens, and packaging for later use;
(2) mixing the ingredients: the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30% of fly ash, 10% of ferrosilicon ash, 25% of polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material, 20% of light calcium, 6% of wood powder (100 meshes), 2.4% of stabilizer composite lead salt, 2% of modifier (1.3% of chlorinated polyethylene, 0.7% of acrylate copolymer), 0.4% of foaming agent (0.25% of azodicarbonamide, 0.15% of sodium bicarbonate), 3.2% of foaming regulator methyl acrylate, 0.5% of first lubricant stearic acid and 0.5% of second lubricant (0.3% of paraffin and 0.2% of PE wax) are weighed, all the materials are uniformly mixed, wherein the mixing temperature is 125 ℃, and then the materials are cooled to 40 ℃;
(3) extruding: extruding and molding the mixed raw materials by using an extrusion molding machine to obtain a bearing composition material, wherein the temperature of a first material cylinder is 180 ℃, the temperature of a second material cylinder is 178 ℃, the temperature of a third material cylinder is 176 ℃, the temperature of a fourth material cylinder is 171 ℃, the temperature of a confluence core is 165 ℃ and the temperature of a machine head is 174 ℃;
(4) molding: sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the basic unit size requirement of the tray panel, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray panel shown in figure 3, wherein the structure of the finished product is the same as that of the finished product in the embodiment 1;
sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the size requirement of the basic unit of the tray base, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, carrying out traction through a traction machine, and carrying out fixed-length cutting through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray base shown in figure 4, wherein the structure of the finished product is the same as that of the finished product in the embodiment 1;
(5) assembling: mixing six L1Finished products of basic units of the tray panel which is 1000mm are transversely arranged in four L2The finished product of the base basic unit of the special-shaped tray which is 1200mm long is nailed with a steel nail with the length of 4.5cm by a steel nail gun at the joint of the finished product of the base basic unit of each panel and the finished product of the base basic unit; the finished tray product 4# as shown in fig. 2 is obtained.
The tray performance test was as follows:
the material density of the composition for supporting was 1420kg/m3The tray panel has a basic unit static bending strength (GB/T17657-1999) of 20.3MPa and a tray stacking strength (test No. 4 in GB/T4995-2014) of 4200 kg.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the example 1 is that the weight percentage of the fly ash is 23 percent, and the weight percentage of the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material is 37 percent.
The obtained material cannot be applied to the production of tray products.
Comparative example 2
The difference from the example 1 is that the weight percentage of the ferrosilicon ash is 22 percent, and the weight percentage of the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material is 33 percent.
Because the ferrosilicon gray matter has high light viscosity, stable process parameters cannot be obtained by using the equipment used in the experiment.
Comparative example 3
The difference from the example 2 is that the weight percentage of the ferrosilicon ash is 1 percent, and the weight percentage of the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material is 31 percent.
The extruded sheet has the performance defects of layering, easy cracking, weak binding force and the like.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the temperature of the first cartridge was 188 ℃.
The extruded material is burnt, which affects the forming and foaming effect, and the tray can not be made.
As can be seen from the above examples 1-4, the density of the material of the load-bearing composition of the present invention can be adjusted to 1350-1490 kg/m3The static bending strength of the basic unit of the tray panel (GB/T17657-1999) reaches 19.7-24.5 MPa, and the stacking strength of the tray (No. 4 test in GB/T4995-2014) reaches 4100-4600 kg, so that the tray manufactured by adopting the waste materials such as waste fly ash, ferrosilicon ash and polyvinyl chloride has high strength, low density and excellent performance. As can be seen from comparative examples 1 to 4, when the amount of the raw materials added exceeds the range of the present application or the temperature process parameters of the cylinder exceed the range of the present application, the produced material cannot be used for the production of the material for the supporting composition, much lessThe method is used for manufacturing the tray.

Claims (19)

1. A method of making a tray, comprising the steps of:
(1) screening raw materials: screening the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials, wherein the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials respectively account for 25-40 wt% of the fly ash, 3-20 wt% of the ferrosilicon ash and 25-40 wt% of the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed materials in percentage by weight;
(2) mixing the ingredients: mixing the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material obtained in the step (1) with the following other raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-20 wt% of light calcium carbonate, 0-8 wt% of wood powder, 1-3 wt% of stabilizer, 1-2.5 wt% of modifier, 0.1-1 wt% of foaming agent, 2-5 wt% of foaming regulator, 0.1-1 wt% of first lubricant and 0.1-1 wt% of second lubricant, wherein the mixing temperature is 110-;
wherein the stabilizer is selected from a composite lead salt stabilizer or a calcium-zinc composite stabilizer;
the modifier contains chlorinated polyethylene and/or acrylate copolymer;
the foaming agent contains azodicarbonamide and/or sodium bicarbonate;
the first lubricant is one or more than two of stearic acid, stearic alcohol, calcium stearate or zinc stearate; the second lubricant is one or more than two selected from paraffin wax, polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax or oxidized polyethylene wax;
(3) extruding: extruding and molding the material obtained in the step (2) by using an extrusion molding machine to obtain a bearing composition material;
in the step (3), the extrusion molding machine comprises an extrusion part, the extrusion part comprises an extrusion charging barrel and a host machine screw rod, the extrusion charging barrel is sequentially divided into a first charging barrel, a second charging barrel, a third charging barrel and a fourth charging barrel along the material output direction, and the host machine screw rod is provided with a confluence core and a machine head; during extrusion, the material obtained in the step (2) sequentially passes through a first material cylinder, a second material cylinder, a third material cylinder and a fourth material cylinder along the material output direction under the rotation of a main machine screw rod, wherein the temperature range of the first material cylinder is 175-185 ℃, the temperature range of the second material cylinder is 172-182 ℃, the temperature range of the third material cylinder is 170-180 ℃, the temperature range of the fourth material cylinder is 165-180 ℃, the temperature range of a confluence core is 160-170 ℃, and the temperature range of a machine head is 167-177 ℃.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the fly ash is 27-30 wt%; the using amount of the ferrosilicon ash is 6-10 wt%; the amount of the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material is 29-35 wt%.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the fly ash comprises silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, and the content of the silicon dioxide is 50-60 wt%; the content of the aluminum oxide is 20-40 wt%; the content of chlorine element in the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material is 50-86 wt%, and the content of calcium oxide is 2-28 wt%.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the content of the silica is 51-52 wt%; the content of the aluminum oxide is 26-30 wt%.
5. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the chemical composition of the fly ash comprises silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, and the content of the silicon dioxide is 50-60 wt%; the content of the aluminum oxide is 20-40 wt%; the content of chlorine element in the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material is 50-86 wt%, and the content of calcium oxide is 2-28 wt%.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the content of the silica is 51-52 wt%; the content of the aluminum oxide is 26-30 wt%.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the silicon dioxide content in the ferrosilicon ash is 80 wt% or more of the ferrosilicon ash.
8. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the Taylor sieve of the fly ash, the ferrosilicon ash and the polyvinyl chloride reclaimed material has a sieve size of 20 to 200 meshes.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the stabilizer is present in an amount of 2 to 2.5 wt%; the content of the modifier is 1.2-2.5 wt%; the content of the foaming agent is 0.3-0.6 wt%; the content of the foaming regulator is 3-4 wt%; the content of the first lubricant is 0.4-0.8 wt%; the content of the second lubricant is 0.2-0.5 wt%.
10. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein the content of the stabilizer is 2-2.5 wt%; the content of the modifier is 1.2-2.5 wt%; the content of the foaming agent is 0.3-0.6 wt%; the content of the foaming regulator is 3-4 wt%; the content of the first lubricant is 0.4-0.8 wt%; the content of the second lubricant is 0.2-0.5 wt%.
11. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein the content of the stabilizer is 2-2.5 wt%; the content of the modifier is 1.2-2.5 wt%; the content of the foaming agent is 0.3-0.6 wt%; the content of the foaming regulator is 3-4 wt%; the content of the first lubricant is 0.4-0.8 wt%; the content of the second lubricant is 0.2-0.5 wt%.
12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a part of the mixture of ingredients obtained in step (1) and step (2) is replaced by a waste load bearing composition material or a waste pallet crumble, and the addition ratio of the crumble is 5 to 15%.
13. The method according to claim 7, wherein a part of the mixture of ingredients obtained in the steps (1) and (2) is replaced by waste load bearing composition material or waste pallet crumbling material, and the addition ratio of the crumbling material is 5-15%.
14. The method according to claim 9, wherein a part of the mixture of ingredients obtained in the steps (1) and (2) is replaced by waste load bearing composition material or waste pallet crumbling material, and the addition ratio of the crumbling material is 5-15%.
15. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising the steps of:
(1) molding: sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the basic unit size requirement of the tray panel, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray panel; sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the size requirement of the basic unit of the tray base, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray base;
(2) assembling: and (3) transversely arranging the finished products of the basic units of the tray panel obtained in the step (1) on the finished products of the basic units of the tray base obtained in the step (1) according to the size requirement of the tray, and nailing steel nails into the joints of each basic unit of the tray panel and the basic units of the tray base by using steel nails guns to obtain the finished products of the tray.
16. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises the steps of:
(1) molding: sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the basic unit size requirement of the tray panel, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray panel; sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the size requirement of the basic unit of the tray base, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray base;
(2) assembling: and (3) transversely arranging the finished products of the basic units of the tray panel obtained in the step (1) on the finished products of the basic units of the tray base obtained in the step (1) according to the size requirement of the tray, and nailing steel nails into the joints of each basic unit of the tray panel and the basic units of the tray base by using steel nails guns to obtain the finished products of the tray.
17. The method of claim 9, wherein the method further comprises the steps of:
(1) molding: sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the basic unit size requirement of the tray panel, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray panel; sequentially carrying out sizing on the bearing composition material through a sizing table according to the size requirement of the basic unit of the tray base, cooling through a circulating water cooling system, drawing through a drawing machine, and cutting at a fixed length through a cutting machine to obtain a finished product of the basic unit of the tray base;
(2) assembling: and (3) transversely arranging the finished products of the basic units of the tray panel obtained in the step (1) on the finished products of the basic units of the tray base obtained in the step (1) according to the size requirement of the tray, and nailing steel nails into the joints of each basic unit of the tray panel and the basic units of the tray base by using steel nails guns to obtain the finished products of the tray.
18. A pallet produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
19. Use of ferrosilicon ash in the preparation of pallets, characterized in that it is obtained by the method of any one of claims 1 to 17 using a material of a load bearing composition containing ferrosilicon ash.
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