CN1067961A - The hole is to the detection method of plane verticality - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is with the computer controlled measurement process, with three sensors and the mandrel measured hole method to plane verticality.Core of the present invention is that the hole is converted into measurement to two plane normal angles to the measurement of plane verticality.Method to the effect that earlier with sensor calibration in same plane perpendicular to the mandrel axis, mandrel inserts in the measured hole, record the coordinate figure on 3 on tested plane by sensor, computing machine is according to the initial value and the value of measuring of sensor, calculate the angle of two plane normals, promptly finished the measurement of hole plane verticality.Characteristics are measuring accuracy height, and method is rapid, easy, reliable.

Description

The hole is to the detection method of plane verticality

The present invention relates to the detection range of hole, more particularly, relate to carry out data acquisition process, utilize mandrel and sensor measurement hole technical field plane verticality by computing machine to plane verticality.

Traditional hole is to the measuring method of plane verticality, as shown in Figure 1.Measure with a sensing and a mandrel, sensor is an end that can be placed in mandrel around mandrel rotationally by axle, and mandrel inserts in the measured hole, sensor and tested plane contact, make sensor rotate a week, obtain two reading values, i.e. full-scale reading value △ from sensor around mandrel _MaxWith least count value △ _Min, calculate the difference of this two reading value again by operating personnel, i.e. △=△ _Max-△ _Min, error amount is exactly the sag of hole to the plane.The advantage of this measuring method is, only adopted a sensor, and is simple in structure according to the measuring equipment that this method is designed, cost is low.But the place of its deficiency is, the error of axle system, and technical level of operators all can directly influence measurement result, and accuracy of detection is not high.And, and easy scratch surface difficult to continuing surface measurement.

The objective of the invention is to avoid the weak point of prior art, carry out data acquisition, processing and provide a kind of by computing machine, can show the printing measurement result simultaneously, and can be to the measurement result diagnostic alarms, tested plane can be interrupted plane, can not scratch tested plane in the measuring process, the measuring accuracy height, easy rapidly hole is to the measuring method of plane verticality.

Purpose of the present invention can be by taking following technical measures accomplished:

1, with the measured hole be positioning reference, tested plane is for measuring key element;

2, cooperate a mandrel to implement to measure with three sensors;

3, with each sensor calibration in same plane, and make the axis of this plane perpendicular to mandrel, promptly set up the reference frame of measured hole to plane verticality;

4, the initial coordinate values with above-mentioned each sensor deposits the computing machine reservoir in;

5, mandrel inserts in the measured hole, makes each sensor and tested plane contact, and the coordinate figure on the tested plane that each sensor is recorded is imported computing machine;

6, computing machine calculates according to following formula and portals to the verticality (with the angle value representation) on plane:

$\mathrm{\theta =}\frac{A_1{A}_2{\mathrm{+B}}_1{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B"\; filenames="911072241\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{+C}}_1{C}_2}{\sqrt{A^2{}_1{\mathrm{+B}}^2{}_A{\mathrm{+<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="911072241\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}^2{}_1}·\sqrt{A^2{}_2{\mathrm{+<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B"\; filenames="911072241\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout>}}^2{}_2{\mathrm{+<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="911072241\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}^2{}_2}}$

Wherein: A ₁, B ₁, C ₁It is the mould of three determined plane normal vectors of sensor initial coordinate.

A ₂, B ₂, C ₂It is the mould of three sensors determined plane normal vector of coordinate figure of recording tested plane.

7, show printing measurement result, diagnostic alarms.

In order to make purpose of the present invention obtain more favourable realization, also can take following technical measures.

The initial value of three sensors is adjusted to the zero computing machine reservoir that deposits in.

Three sensors are arranged on the same circumference equidistantly.

When the flatness error on tested plane is excessive, a dressing plate that embodies this tested plane is set on this tested plane, mandrel passes dressing plate and inserts in the measured hole, and each sensor contacts with dressing plate, measures the coordinate figure on tested plane by this dressing plate.

Core concept of the present invention is that the hole is converted into the measurement of two plane normal angles to the measurement of plane verticality, realizes the measurement of hole to plane verticality by the normal angle of measuring two planes, and measuring principle of the present invention is as follows.

From space analysis geometry as can be known, cross any 3 of space and can determine a plane.When the position one on plane determines that then the normal on this plane is also just decided thereupon.Therefore, just can design a reference plane, as the reference frame of measured hole to plane verticality, this just is converted into measurement to two plane normal angles to the hole to the measurement of plane verticality with the normal of this plane and it.For this reason, the equation of establishing reference plane and tested plane is respectively:

A ₁x+B ₁y+C ₁z+D ₁＝0

A ₂x+B ₂y+C ₂z+D ₂＝0

Then the normal line vector angle on two planes is:

$\mathrm{\theta =arc\; cos}\frac{A_1{A}_2{\mathrm{+B}}_1{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B"\; filenames="911072241\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{+C}}_1{C}_2}{\sqrt{A^2{}_1{\mathrm{+B}}^2{}_A{\mathrm{+<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="911072241\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}^2{}_1}\sqrt{A^2{}_2{\mathrm{+<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B"\; filenames="911072241\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout>}}^2{}_2{\mathrm{+<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="911072241\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}^2{}_2}}$

If 3 coordinate is a on the known reference plane ₁(x ₁, y ₁, z ₁), b ₁(x ₂, y ₂, z ₂), c ₂(x ₃, y ₃, z ₃), then according to the formula of asking vector equation, the normal line vector of reference plane is:

In like manner can try to achieve the normal line vector on tested plane:

m ₂＝｛A ₂，B ₂，C ₂｝

With the A that tries to achieve ₁, B ₁, C ₁And A ₂, B ₂, C ₂The above-mentioned formula of finding the solution two plane normal angles of substitution can be tried to achieve the error of hole to plane verticality.

In technical scheme of the present invention, before measuring earlier with three sensor calibrations in same plane and perpendicular to the axis of mandrel, also just set up the reference frame of measured hole to plane verticality.The determined plane of the initial coordinate values of three sensors (zero or equivalent) is above-mentioned said reference plane, and the axis of mandrel is the normal on this plane.When mandrel inserts in the measured hole, then the axis of mandrel just embodies the axis of measured hole, three sensors and tested plane contact, record the coordinate figure of three points in tested plane, can try to achieve the normal on tested plane by the coordinate of these three points, and then just can try to achieve the normal angle θ on this two plane, just try to achieve the verticality of measured hole tested surface, when the θ value is zero, show that measured hole is fully perpendicular to tested plane; The θ value is not equal to zero, then shows measured hole and tested plane out of plumb.This has just realized the measurement of hole to plane verticality.

Compared with the prior art the present invention has following relatively more outstanding advantage:

1, the data acquisition in the measuring process, analysis, processing, and fault diagnosis etc. is finished the automaticity height by computing machine.

2, tested plane is discontinuous, and perhaps the flatness on tested plane is not inconsistent requirement, do not influence measurement effect of the present invention, so usable range is wide.And in measuring process, can not scratch tested plane.

3, the axial system error in the prior art, operating personnel's working experience all can directly influence measurement result, are the main causes that causes the prior art measuring accuracy not high.The present invention has save shafting structure, and measurement result is not subjected to the influence of technical level of operators, has reduced the error link, thereby has improved measuring accuracy greatly.

4, adopt method of the present invention, mandrel is inserted in the measured hole, sensor contacts with tested plane one, has just obtained measurement result, and method is easy rapidly.

5, adopt method of the present invention, in measuring process, measure with showing printing and carry out simultaneously, and can be to the measurement result diagnostic alarms.

Below in conjunction with description of drawings, the present invention is further illustrated again by embodiment.

Accompanying drawing 1 is the synoptic diagram of traditional measurement method.Adopt a sensor (4) and a mandrel (5) to measure.Sensor is the end that (3) can be installed in mandrel rotationally around mandrel by axle, and mandrel inserts in the measured hole (1), and sensor contacts with tested plane (2).During measurement, operating personnel rotate a week with sensor around mandrel, obtain full-scale reading value △ from sensor _MaxWith least count value △ _Min, obtain both difference again by calculating, promptly recorded the error of hole to plane verticality.

Accompanying drawing 2 is measuring method synoptic diagram of the present invention, also is a specific embodiment of the present invention, is used for the verticality of measured automobiles engine cylinder-body tappet bore to the cylinder body baseplane.(1) be tested tappet bore, (2) are tested cylinder body baseplanes, because the flatness of cylinder body baseplane does not meet measurement requirement, so be provided with a dressing plate (7) that embodies tested plane on the cylinder body baseplane.(6) be the location-plate of sensor (4), three sensors (4) are placed on the same circumference of location-plate (6) equidistantly.The hole that mandrel passes dressing plate is inserted in the tappet bore, and the contact of sensor contacts with dressing plate.During measurement, earlier with three sensor calibrations in same plane, this plane and perpendicular to the axis of mandrel, and the initial value of three sensors is adjusted to zero is input to computing machine and stores; Again mandrel is inserted tested tappet bore, three sensors are all contacted with dressing plate, obtain to embody three point coordinate values of cylinder body baseplane, and import computing machine simultaneously and use for calculating, computing machine calculates the mould of the normal vector on two planes through computing, and then according to formula:

$\mathrm{\theta =arc\; cos}\frac{A_1{A}_2{\mathrm{+B}}_1{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B"\; filenames="911072241\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{+C}}_1{C}_2}{\sqrt{A^2{}_1{\mathrm{+B}}^2{}_A{\mathrm{+<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="911072241\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}^2{}_1}\sqrt{A^2{}_2{\mathrm{+<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B"\; filenames="911072241\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout>}}^2{}_2{\mathrm{+<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="911072241\_DRIMG1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}^2{}_2}}$

Obtain the normal angle on two planes, promptly obtain the verticality of tappet bore, simultaneously by showing printing equipment the cylinder body baseplane.Show and print measurement result, and to the measurement result diagnostic alarms.

The invention is not restricted to described this a kind of mode of embodiment.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of is positioning reference with the measured hole, and tested plane utilizes mandrel and the sensor measurement hole method to plane verticality for measuring key element, it is characterized in that:

(1) cooperate a mandrel to implement to measure with three sensors;

(2) with each sensor calibration in same plane, and make the axis of this plane perpendicular to mandrel;

(3) initial coordinate values with above-mentioned each sensor deposits the computing machine reservoir in;

(4) mandrel inserts measured hole, makes each sensor and tested plane contact, and the coordinate figure on the tested plane that each sensor is recorded is imported computing machine;

(5) computing machine calculates according to following formula and portals to the verticality (with the angle value representation) on plane:

$\mathrm{\theta =arc\; cos}\frac{A_1{A}_2{\mathrm{+B}}_1{B}_2{\mathrm{+C}}_1{C}_2}{\sqrt{A^2{}_1{\mathrm{+B}}^2{}_A{\mathrm{+C}}^2{}_1}·\sqrt{A^2{}_2{\mathrm{+B}}^2{}_2{\mathrm{+C}}^2{}_2}}$

Wherein: A ₁, B ₁, C ₁It is the mould of three determined plane normal vectors of sensor initial coordinate;

A ₂, B ₂, C ₂It is the mould of three groups of determined plane normal vectors of coordinate recording of three sensors;

(6) show printing measurement result, diagnostic alarms.

2, measured hole according to claim 1 is characterized in that the initial value of three sensors is adjusted to the zero computing machine reservoir that deposits in to the method for plane verticality.

3, according to claim 1,2 described measured holes method, it is characterized in that three sensors equidistantly are arranged on same garden on week to plane verticality.

4, according to claim 1,2 described measured holes method to plane verticality, it is characterized in that, when the flatness error on tested plane excessive, a dressing plate that embodies this tested plane then is set on this tested plane, mandrel passes dressing plate and shakes in the measured hole, each sensor contacts with dressing plate, measures the coordinate figure on tested plane by this dressing plate.

5, measured hole according to claim 3 is to the method for plane verticality, it is characterized in that, when the flatness error on tested plane excessive, survey is provided with a dressing plate that embodies this tested plane on this tested plane, mandrel passes dressing plate and inserts in the measured hole, each sensor contacts with dressing plate, measures the coordinate figure on tested plane by this dressing plate.

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