CN106792916A - A kind of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system and its communication means - Google Patents
A kind of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system and its communication means Download PDFInfo
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- CN106792916A CN106792916A CN201611146174.4A CN201611146174A CN106792916A CN 106792916 A CN106792916 A CN 106792916A CN 201611146174 A CN201611146174 A CN 201611146174A CN 106792916 A CN106792916 A CN 106792916A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system and its communication means.The mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system, it includes several wireless terminals, more than one relaying and a gateway, wherein wireless terminal as network end node, to may move node, for gathering user profile, and gateway is sent information to, while the information from gateway of reception；The intermediate node as communication is relayed, the information of self terminal and gateway is carried out for forwarding, and the function of synchronization mechanism and the data route of communication in its coverage is provided；Gateway receives the information from wireless terminal and relay forwarding as the convergent point of network, while providing the synchronization mechanism of wireless sensor network, and is responsible for the wireless terminal in network.Wireless sensor network of the invention uses low-power consumption remote-wireless technique construction, such as LoRa modulation techniques, Sigfox technologies, with low in energy consumption, the advantage of long transmission distance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication technical field, and in particular to a kind of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system
And its communication means (WSN).
Background technology
In the outdoor sports such as rescue, field exploration, the demand of information transfer often occurs.As rescued team member
The transmission of geographical location information, command information is assigned.At present in such activity, number is realized usually using talkback system
According to transmission.But intercom mode is typically only capable to realize half-duplex operation, and power consumption is big, relay erection inconvenience, it is impossible to meet wild
To the battery durable ability of communication equipment in outer activity, the requirement of the fast and flexible erection of network.In recent years, with the communication technology
Development especially technology of Internet of things development, different technology of Internet of things especially wireless sensor network (WSN) start should
Use in open air/outdoor sports, be used to solve data transmission problems.
The WSN technology commonly used in current open air/field scene includes ZigBee technology, RFID technique.Wherein RFID technique
With terminal RFID label tag low cost, data transfer rate advantage high.But significantly limit between RFID label tag and card reader away from
From typically smaller than several meters.And unidirectional data transfer is only generally supported, and cannot be communicated between terminal and terminal, it is not suitable for tool
There are the remote, application scenarios of MANET demand, the data transfer such as explored, rescue in outdoor sports.ZigBee technology end
End is low in energy consumption, supports two-way communication.But terminal transmission distance is near, be mainly used in it is short-range be wirelessly transferred scene, for remote
Distance is wirelessly transferred demand, then need to build a large amount of relayings, substantially increases the cost of communication and the complexity of communication protocol.
In recent years, support that the remote wireless communication technology of low-power consumption starts to occur, such as the LoRa modulation of Semtech companies
Technology, Sigfox technologies etc..The appearance of these technologies so that building a remote WSN of low-power consumption becomes possibility.At present
For the application and research of these technologies, have focused largely on the characteristics of using its long transmission distance, Star Network is built, so that greatly
The big complexity for reducing network topology structure and communication protocol, realizes to the large number of network terminal in certain distribution
Data transfer and control.
Chinese patent CN105813099A discloses a kind of outdoor wireless communication system based on LoRa MANETs, for solving
Adverse circumstances mobile network signals that certainly existing outdoor wireless communication system is present are poor, transmission range closely and the friendship without information sharing
The technical problem at mutual interface, it include central processing unit, locating module, bluetooth module, peripheral interface, power module,
LoRa communication modules and mobile phone A PP terminals；Central processing unit respectively with locating module, bluetooth module, peripheral interface, power supply
Module and LoRa communication modules are connected；LoRa communication modules build wireless Mesh netword with other systems LoRa communication modules, lead to
Crossing CSMA/CA agreements and AODV routing algorithms carries out reliable data communication；Mobile phone A PP terminals are entered with bluetooth module by bluetooth
Row data exchange.But the patent is only illustrated to the composition of network terminal system, in network structure in itself and its communication
Method aspect then employs traditional MESH network and CSMA/CA agreements.In MESH topological structures, network each terminal is simultaneously
Undertake the function of terminal and transistroute.In the non-network structure being evenly distributed of flow, such as in rescue, its command centre
Usually the main convergent point of information and send a little, the data traffic that the node for being close to convergent point can be caused to carry is big, big energy-consuming,
So as to propose requirement to the data-handling capacity of these nodes and power supply.And the CSMA/CA consultations for being based on competition mechanism are led
Increasing with terminal node is caused, network conflict increases, and network efficiency drastically declines.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are the defect and deficiency for overcoming above-mentioned technology, there is provided a kind of mixed type long distance
From wireless sensor network system and its communication means, under the environment such as field, flexibly and easily building communication network, carry
For avoiding conflicting, transmitting the strong long range wireless communication of reliable, terminal endurance.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system, it include several wireless terminals, it is more than one in
After with a gateway, wherein wireless terminal as network end node, be removable node, for gathering user profile, and will
Information is sent to gateway, while the information from gateway of reception；The intermediate node as communication is relayed, self terminal is carried out for forwarding
And the information of gateway, and the function of synchronization mechanism and the data route of communication in its coverage is provided；Gateway is used as network
Convergent point, receives the information from wireless terminal and relay forwarding, while providing the synchronization mechanism of wireless sensor network, and bears
Wireless terminal in duty management network；Described hybrid wireless sensor network topology structure is divided into two-layer：Wireless terminal with
Its even higher level of node is gateway or relaying constitutes ground floor Star network, and gateway constitutes second layer MESH network with relaying.
Preferably, described wireless terminal is based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, and the terminal is powered using battery.
Preferably, the wireless terminal include a MCU, the first radio-frequency module, sensor assembly, power management module and
Antenna, radio-frequency module, sensor assembly and power management module are connected with a MCU respectively, the first radio-frequency module connection antenna.
First MCU can use super low power consuming single chip processor such as STM8L series monolithics.First radio-frequency module can be based on low-power consumption
Long range wireless communication chip is constituted, such as the LoRa modules based on Semtech companies SX12x chips.The sensor assembly can
It is low-power consumption sensor module, such as Ublox NEO series d GPS locating modules, Sensirion high accuracy SHT series humitures are passed
Sensor.The power management module can be using the CMOS linear voltage regulators of model RT9013.
Preferably, described relaying include the 2nd MCU, the second radio-frequency module based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology and
Antenna, the second radio-frequency module is connected with the 2nd MCU with antenna respectively.2nd MCU can be using super low power consuming single chip processor such as
STM8L series monolithics.Second radio-frequency module can be constituted based on low-power consumption long range wireless communication chip, such as Semtech
Company's SX12x LoRa modulation chips.
Preferably, described gateway include the 3rd MCU, the 3rd radio-frequency module based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology and
Antenna, the 3rd radio-frequency module is connected with the 3rd MCU with antenna respectively.3rd MCU can use ARM single-chip microcomputers such as STM32 systems
Row single-chip microcomputer.3rd radio-frequency module can be constituted based on low-power consumption long range wireless communication chip, such as Semtech companies
SX12x LoRa modulation chips.
Preferably, described gateway also includes Internet AM access modules, there is provided wireless sensor network is to Internet
Access, Internet AM access modules are connected with the 3rd MCU.The Internet AM access modules can be provided not according to different demands
Same access way, such as ESP-12F WIFI modules, ATK-RM04 ethernet modules.
Preferably, described radio-frequency module is the communication module based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, is such as based on
The communication module of Semtech companies SX12x LoRa modems.
Preferably, described sensor assembly is low-power consumption sensor module, for different application demands provides terminal sense
Know information.More preferably, described sensor assembly includes low-power consumption GPS locating module and low power dissipation temperature-humidity sensor, than
Such as Ublox NEO series d GPS locating modules, Sensirion high accuracy SHT series Temperature Humidity Sensors.
A kind of communication means of the mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system, comprises the following steps：
1) gateway periodically sends gateway beacon frame, is used to indicate network while providing synchronization mechanism；The gateway
Enter reception pattern afterwards, wait the data of relaying to be received or wireless terminal；
2) on the relaying after electricity, the beacon message that automatic search gateway or other relayings send, and build routing table letter
Breath；
3) repeating periods send relay beacon frame, for the wireless terminal in its coverage provides synchronous machine
System；Enter reception pattern after the relaying, wait the data of other relaying, wireless terminal or gateways to be received, and select route
Forwarded；
4) between the relaying and relaying, MESH network is formed between relaying and gateway；
5) on the wireless terminal described in after electricity, automatic searching network, and send registration request application addition network to gateway；
After being successfully joined network, the terminal regularly or when having and sending and ask is synchronized to gateway or network where relaying, selects time slot
Communicated；The terminal is that gateway or relaying form Star network with even higher level of node, is not communicated between terminal and terminal；
6) after the gateway receives terminal registration request, determined to receive or refuse the request according to network condition；And periodically
Detection registered terminals situation, updates and safeguards network terminal active list；
7) node uses synchronization mechanism and the avoidance mechanism based on priority to avoid conflict when data are sent,
Gateway priority level highest, relaying and terminal PRI be not low.
The relaying can be powered using small-sized external connection battery such as charger baby, small-sized solar electroplax.The gateway can be used
Small-sized external connection battery such as charger baby, small-sized solar electroplax is powered.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, wireless sensor network of the invention uses low-power consumption remote-wireless technique construction, such as LoRa modulation techniques,
Sigfox technologies, with low in energy consumption, the advantage of long transmission distance；
2nd, the mixed type topological structure that remote-wireless sensor network system of the invention is netted using Star network and MESH,
Data traffic is focused on in relaying the MESH network that is constituted, it is simple so as to greatly reduce the data payload of wireless terminal
Change the Protocol Design of wireless terminal, meet the demand of wireless terminal low-power consumption；
3rd, remote-wireless sensor network system relaying of the invention and gateway constitute the MESH network on upper strata, are data
Forwarding provide route stand-by, it is ensured that the reliability of data transfer；
4th, remote-wireless sensor network system gateway of the invention and relaying provide communication with periodic beacon frame
Synchronization mechanism, reduce network conflict.
5th, the wireless terminal of remote-wireless sensor network system of the invention employs the avoidance mechanism of priority level,
The priority level of gateway commands data is ensure that, while further reducing network conflict.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is remote-wireless sensor network system topology diagram provided by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of remote-wireless sensor network system wireless terminal provided by the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of remote-wireless sensor network system relaying provided by the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of remote-wireless sensor network system gateway provided by the present invention；
Fig. 5 A are the workflow diagrams of remote-wireless sensor network system gateway provided by the present invention；
Fig. 5 B are the workflow diagrams of remote-wireless sensor network system relaying provided by the present invention；
Fig. 5 C are the state transition diagrams of remote-wireless sensor network system wireless terminal provided by the present invention；
Fig. 6 A are gateway beacon frame format schematic diagrames provided by the present invention；
Fig. 6 B are relay beacon form schematic diagrams provided by the present invention；
Fig. 6 C are registration request frame form schematic diagrams provided by the present invention；
Fig. 6 D are accreditation verification frame format schematic diagrames provided by the present invention；
Fig. 6 E are data frame format schematic diagrames provided by the present invention；
Fig. 6 F are relay forwarding data frame format schematic diagrames provided by the present invention；
Fig. 7 is time slot distribution schematic diagram provided by the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical embodiment of the invention is elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
This.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system, it include several wireless terminals,
More than one relaying and a gateway, wherein wireless terminal, to may move node, are used as the end node of network for gathering
Family information, and gateway is sent information to, while the information from gateway of reception；The intermediate node as communication is relayed, is used for
Forwarding carrys out the information of self terminal and gateway, and provides the function of synchronization mechanism and the data route of communication in its coverage；Net
Close as the convergent point of network, receive the information from wireless terminal and relay forwarding, while providing wireless sensor network
Synchronization mechanism, and it is responsible for the wireless terminal in network；Described hybrid wireless sensor network topology structure is divided into two
Layer：Wireless terminal is that gateway or relaying form Star network with its upper layer node, realizes point-to-point communication, between terminal and terminal not
Communicated.The via node and gateway node of the wireless sensor network, form MESH network, for data forwarding provides many
Paths, strengthen the reliability of communication and the robustness of network.
As shown in Figure 2, described wireless terminal is based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, such as Semtech companies
LoRa modulation techniques etc., for user profile such as GPS information to be sent into gateway.The wireless terminal includes a MCU (treatment
Device), the first radio-frequency module, sensor assembly, power management module and antenna, the first radio-frequency module, sensor assembly and power supply
Management module is connected with a MCU respectively, the first radio-frequency module connection antenna.The first described radio-frequency module can communicate for LoRa
Module.First MCU can use super low power consuming single chip processor such as STM8L series monolithics.First radio-frequency module can be based on
Low-power consumption long range wireless communication chip is constituted, such as the LoRa modules based on Semtech companies SX12x chips.The power supply pipe
Reason module can be using the CMOS linear voltage regulators of model RT9013.Described sensor assembly includes low-power consumption GPS positioning mould
Block and low power dissipation temperature-humidity sensor, such as Ublox NEO series d GPS locating module, Sensirion high accuracy SHT series temperature
Humidity sensor.
As shown in Figure 3, described relaying is including the 2nd MCU (processor), based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology
Second radio-frequency module and antenna, the second radio-frequency module are connected with the 2nd MCU with antenna respectively.2nd MCU can use ultralow
Power consumption single-chip microcomputer such as STM8L series monolithics.Second radio-frequency module can be based on low-power consumption long range wireless communication chip structure
Into such as Semtech companies SX12x LoRa modulation chips.The information for forwarding terminal and gateway is relayed, opening up for network is realized
Exhibition.The relaying can be powered using small-sized external connection battery such as charger baby, small-sized solar electroplax.
As shown in Figure 4, described gateway is including the 3rd MCU (processor), based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology
3rd radio-frequency module and antenna, the 3rd radio-frequency module are connected with the 3rd MCU with antenna respectively.3rd MCU can be mono- using ARM
Piece machine such as STM32 series monolithics.3rd radio-frequency module can be constituted based on low-power consumption long range wireless communication chip, such as
Semtech companies SX12x LoRa modulation chips.Gateway is used to receive the information of wireless terminal and the information of relay forwarding, and to
Wireless terminal sends information.Also Internet AM access modules, such as 3G, Ethernet module be may include, there is provided WSN is to Internet
Access, Internet AM access modules are connected with MCU, and the Internet AM access modules can provide difference and connect according to different demands
Enter mode, such as ESP-12F WIFI modules, ATK-RM04 ethernet modules.The gateway can be using small-sized external connection battery as charged
Precious, small-sized solar electroplax is powered.
A kind of communication means of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system, comprises the following steps：
1) gateway periodically sends gateway beacon frame, is used to indicate network while providing synchronization mechanism；The gateway
Enter reception pattern afterwards, wait the data of relaying to be received or wireless terminal；
2) on the relaying after electricity, the beacon message that automatic search gateway or other relayings send, and build routing table letter
Breath；
3) repeating periods send relay beacon frame, for the wireless terminal in its coverage provides synchronous machine
System；Enter reception pattern after the relaying, wait the data of other relaying, wireless terminal or gateways to be received, and select route
Forwarded；
4) between the relaying and relaying, MESH network is formed between relaying and gateway；
5) on the wireless terminal described in after electricity, automatic searching network, and send registration request application addition network to gateway；
After being successfully joined network, the terminal regularly or when having and sending and ask is synchronized to gateway or network where relaying, selects time slot
Communicated；The terminal is that gateway or relaying form Star network with even higher level of node, is not communicated between terminal and terminal；
6) after the gateway receives terminal registration request, determined to receive or refuse the request according to network condition；And periodically
Detection registered terminals situation, updates and safeguards network terminal active list；
7) node uses synchronization mechanism and the avoidance mechanism based on priority to avoid conflict when data are sent,
Gateway priority level highest, relaying and terminal PRI be not low.
As shown in Figure 5A, gateway intercepts network condition to the course of work of the gateway first after the power-up, carries out channel and sweeps
Retouch, and select idle channel to set up network.Gateway periodically sends gateway beacon frame, is used to indicate that network gives its communication model simultaneously
Terminal and relaying in enclosing provide synchronization mechanism.The form of beacon frame is as fig. 6a illustrates.Gateway after beacon is distributed enter connect
Receipts pattern, waits the data of relaying to be received or wireless terminal.After receiving data, gateway carries out corresponding handling process.If receiving
Be application for registration frame, gateway decides whether to receive application for registration first according to its judgment mechanism.If receiving, the node is given
The distribution network address is simultaneously returned, and update its network terminal active list before the arriving of next beacon with accreditation verification frame.If receiving
To be data frame, then carry out corresponding data processing.If gateway confiscates the information of certain terminal or relaying for a long time, will
The node is deleted from network, and discharges the network address of the node.
The course of work of the relaying is as shown in Figure 5 B.Relaying after the power-up, intercepts network condition, and select network first
Registered.After succeeding in registration, relaying beacon period according to gateway or upper level relaying, relay beacon is periodically sent
Frame, is used to provide synchronization mechanism to the terminal in its coverage and relaying.Relay beacon frame format is as shown in Figure 6B.At one
In beacon period, after having sent beacon, relaying enters and receives forward mode, waits to be received and forwards data.After receiving data, in
After selecting to route according to routing table information, while the route field in data adds this nodal information, and routing table information is updated.
The state transition diagram of shown wireless terminal is as shown in Figure 5 C.Terminal after the power-up, automatic searching network, and to gateway
Send registration request frame application and add network.Registration request frame format is as shown in Figure 6 C.After succeeding in registration, if without information transmission,
Terminal enters resting state.If there is information transmission, terminal opens avoidance mechanism, and duration is kept out of the way in calculating and the entrance of opening timing device is stopped
Sleep.Timing is arrived, and terminal is revived and intercepts network.Data are sent if channel idle after continuously intercepting, is otherwise re-started
Once keep out of the way.After sending successfully, terminal enters dormancy until next data acquisition or sends request.
The communication means uses synchronization mechanism and supports the avoidance mechanism of priority level to avoid conflict.Specifically include：
1) the time slot distribution map of the communication means such as accompanying drawing 7.The transmission cycle is determined by gateway according to network condition.Each
The transmission cycle is divided into several sending time slots.Each sending time slots is divided into 3 competition slots again.Wherein 1-8 sending time slots are
Relaying reserved time slot, beacon is sent for relaying.
2) gateway periodically sends gateway beacon frame, and issue beacon within a beacon frame after selection channel sets up network
Cycle Length information.Gateway does not intercept channel when beacon frame is sent, and does not perform and keeps out of the way.
3) relay after the beacon frame for hearing gateway or upper level relaying, according to the beacon period length for being included, cycle
Property send relay beacon frame.After relaying hears beacon frame, random selection one relays reserved time slot and attempts sending.Into selected transmission
After time slot, competition slot is randomly choosed in 3 competition slots.If selected competition slot is competition slot 1, beacon is sent,
Otherwise continuously intercept channel.If the channel idle before selected competition slot, beacon is sent in selected competition slot.
4) terminal before transmitting, intercepts channel first, into wait beacon state.After receiving beacon, machine is kept out of the way in execution
System：Terminal first randomly chooses a certain sending time slots and attempts sending within the beacon period.After selected sending time slots are entered,
Competition slot is randomly choosed in rear 2 competition slots and is entered and intercepted.If the channel idle before selected competition slot,
Selected competition slot sends data.
5) gateway is after the log-on message of terminal or relaying is received, if receiving the registration request, intercepts channel, waits letter
Road is idle.If channel idle, accreditation verification frame is sent in the competition slot 1 of the sending time slots.
The route and repeating process of the relaying include：
1) relaying sets up routing table according to the beacon frame heard, and periodically updates.
2) after data are received, the route field according to data judges whether the forwarded over data to relaying.If having turned
Hair, then abandon the data, otherwise by the route field of data is plus this nodal information and forwards.
Frame format defined in the communication means includes：
1) gateway sends beacon frame format such as Fig. 6 A.Gateway beacon frame includes that synchronizing information field is used to sync beacon
Frame, beacon sign field is used to indicate current network, and gateway attribute field is used to be shown to be gateway institute beacon on frame.
2) beacon frame format such as Fig. 6 B that the relaying sends.It is synchronous that relay beacon frame includes that synchronizing information field is used to,
Beacon sign field is used to indicate current network that relaying attribute field is used to be shown to be relaying institute beacon on frame, and route field
It is used to indicate adjacent node situation.
3) registration request frame format such as Fig. 6 C that the wireless terminal sends, including registered symbol, device address and network
Identification field.Wherein registered symbol is used to show frame type that device address is used to illustrate terminal device address that network identity shows
Registration request object.
4) accreditation verification frame such as Fig. 6 D that the gateway sends, include validating that mark, operator logo, device address and network
Address.Wherein acknowledgement indicator is used to illustrate frame type.Operator logo is current network identification.Device address is the request end for confirming
The device address at end, the network address is WSN addresses that gateway is the terminal distribution.
5) data frame format such as Fig. 6 E that the terminal sends, including Data Labels, operator logo and is born the network address
Carry.Wherein Data Labels is used to illustrate frame type that operator logo is current network identification.The network address is the WSN addresses of terminal,
It is terminal data to load.
6) data frame format of the relay forwarding such as Fig. 6 F, including forwarding Data Labels, operator logo, the network address,
Load and route field.Wherein forwarding Data Labels is used to illustrate frame type that operator logo is current network identification.The network address
It is the WSN addresses of terminal, it is terminal data to load, route field is used to show the data frame by certain relay forwarding.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system, it is characterised in that：It include several wireless terminals, one
More than relaying and a gateway, wherein wireless terminal as network end node, be removable node, for gathering user's letter
Breath, and gateway is sent information to, while the information from gateway of reception；The intermediate node as communication is relayed, for forwarding
Carry out the information of self terminal and gateway, and the function of synchronization mechanism and the data route of communication in its coverage is provided；Gateway is made
It is the convergent point of network, receives the information from wireless terminal and relay forwarding, while provides the synchronization of wireless sensor network
Mechanism, and it is responsible for the wireless terminal in network；Described hybrid wireless sensor network topology structure is divided into two-layer：Nothing
Line terminal is that gateway or relaying constitute ground floor Star network with its even higher level of node, and gateway constitutes second layer MESH nets with relaying
Network.
2. mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described is wireless
Terminal is based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, and the terminal is powered using battery.
3. mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The wireless end
End includes a MCU, the first radio-frequency module, sensor assembly, power management module and antenna, the first radio-frequency module, sensor
Module and power management module are connected with a MCU respectively, the first radio-frequency module connection antenna.
4. mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described relaying
The second radio-frequency module and antenna including the 2nd MCU, based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, the second radio-frequency module is respectively with
Two MCU and antenna are connected.
5. mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described gateway
The 3rd radio-frequency module and antenna including the 3rd MCU, based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, the 3rd radio-frequency module is respectively with
Three MCU and antenna are connected.
6. mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described gateway
Also include Internet AM access modules, there is provided access from wireless sensor network to Internet, Internet AM access modules with
3rd MCU is connected.
7. the mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system according to claim 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterised in that：It is described
Radio-frequency module be low-power consumption telecommunication module.
8. mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described sensing
Device module includes low-power consumption GPS locating module and low power dissipation temperature-humidity sensor.
9. a kind of communication means of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps：
1) gateway periodically sends gateway beacon frame, is used to indicate network while providing synchronization mechanism；After the gateway
Into reception pattern, the data of relaying to be received or wireless terminal are waited；
2) on the relaying after electricity, the beacon message that automatic search gateway or other relayings send, and build routing table information；
3) repeating periods send relay beacon frame, for the wireless terminal in its coverage provides synchronization mechanism；Institute
State and enter reception pattern after relaying, wait the data of other relaying, wireless terminal or gateways to be received, and select route to be turned
Hair；
4) between the relaying and relaying, MESH network is formed between relaying and gateway；
5) on the wireless terminal described in after electricity, automatic searching network, and send registration request application addition network to gateway；Success
After adding network, the terminal regularly or when having and sending and ask is synchronized to gateway or network where relaying, and selection time slot is carried out
Communication；The terminal is that gateway or relaying form Star network with even higher level of node, is not communicated between terminal and terminal；
6) after the gateway receives terminal registration request, determined to receive or refuse the request according to network condition；And periodic detection
Registered terminals situation, updates and safeguards network terminal active list；
7) node uses synchronization mechanism and the avoidance mechanism based on priority to avoid conflict, gateway when data are sent
Priority level highest, relaying and terminal PRI be not low.
10. the communication means of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：
Described synchronization mechanism and the avoidance mechanism based on priority level comprises the following steps：
1) gateway determines the transmission cycle according to network condition, and each transmission cycle is divided into several sending time slots, each
Sending time slots are divided into 3 competition slots again；Wherein 1-8 sending time slots are relaying reserved time slot, and beacon is sent for relaying；
2) gateway periodically sends gateway beacon frame, and issue beacon within a beacon frame after selection channel sets up network
Cycle Length information；The gateway does not intercept channel when beacon frame is sent, and does not perform and keeps out of the way；
3) it is described to relay after the beacon frame for hearing gateway or upper level relaying, according to the beacon period length for being included, cycle
Property send relay beacon frame；After the relaying hears beacon frame, random selection one relays reserved time slot and attempts sending；Into selected
After sending time slots, competition slot is randomly choosed in 3 competition slots；If selected competition slot is competition slot 1, letter is sent
Mark, otherwise continuously intercepts channel；If the channel idle before selected competition slot, beacon is sent in selected competition slot；
4) terminal before transmitting, intercepts channel first, into wait beacon state；After receiving beacon, machine is kept out of the way in execution
System：Terminal described first randomly chooses a certain sending time slots and attempts sending within the beacon period；Entering selected sending time slots
Afterwards, competition slot is randomly choosed in rear 2 competition slots and is entered and intercepted；If the channel idle before selected competition slot,
Then data are sent in selected competition slot；
5) gateway is after the log-on message of terminal or relaying is received, if receiving the registration request, intercepts channel, waits letter
Road is idle；If channel idle, accreditation verification frame is sent in the competition slot 1 of the sending time slots.
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