CN102143570A - Wireless sensor network scheduling method and system for realizing real-time monitoring of low-power-consumption nodes - Google Patents
Wireless sensor network scheduling method and system for realizing real-time monitoring of low-power-consumption nodes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102143570A CN102143570A CN2010101026369A CN201010102636A CN102143570A CN 102143570 A CN102143570 A CN 102143570A CN 2010101026369 A CN2010101026369 A CN 2010101026369A CN 201010102636 A CN201010102636 A CN 201010102636A CN 102143570 A CN102143570 A CN 102143570A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wireless sensor network scheduling method and a system based on TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) fast total network synchronous support frequency hopping, which are applicable to acquisition and monitoring of data of low-power-consumption equipment. The system consists of a gateway node, a plurality of cluster head nodes forming MESH network, a plurality of wireless sensor nodes and transmission nodes forming a star-type network and a plurality of selectable relay nodes. The system fuses cluster-cluster communication and cluster-in communication for realization, and supports a fast total network synchronization strategy and provides technical support for low power consumption and real-time performance simultaneously. The system supports a frequency hopping design, can carry out simultaneous communication between the adjacent cluster nodes and provides technical support on real-time performance and scale networking. For certain simple application scenes, the system can not comprise a cluster-cluster communication part but only a cluster-in communication part, and consists of one cluster head node and the wireless sensor nodes to which the cluster head node belongs and the selectable relay nodes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to industrial circle, wireless sensor network technology, particularly a kind of be applicable to low-power consumption node real-time data acquisition and monitoring support the wireless sensor network system of frequency hopping synchronously based on the quick the whole network of TDMA.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Networks, WSN) begun at present to be widely used in the social all trades and professions such as industry monitoring, intelligent grid, Smart Home, intelligent transportation, public safety, health care, environmental protection, be particularly useful for the field that some is inconvenient to connect up, for example industrial circle such as power high voltage equipment on-line monitoring, slewing vibration online monitoring; Or some often needs the occasion of mobile test, for example commerical test data acquisition system etc.Comprised a large amount of wireless sensor nodes in the wireless sensor network, for wireline communication network, the advantage of wireless sensor network is to avoid wiring, convenient for installation and maintenance, so in the major applications occasion, wireless sensor node all is battery-powered, and the power supply capacity of battery is limited relatively, in order to improve the useful life of wireless sensor node, need adopt various technological means as much as possible to reduce the power consumption of wireless sensor node; Simultaneously, in the application scenario of most of industrial data collection and monitoring, there is requirement than high real-time again in wireless sensor node, for example requires wireless sensor node to have the function of in the time precision of level second, finishing the reporting real-time data; And often objectively also there is demand cheaply in these a large amount of wireless sensor nodes of laying.This just needs a kind of wireless sense network system that can scale support lay, that satisfy the requirement of low-power consumption and real-time aspect simultaneously to realize the data acquisition of equipment and the demand of monitoring function aspect.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned problem, the invention provides a kind of can support that the wireless sensor node scale is laid, satisfy the requirement of low-power consumption and real-time aspect simultaneously support the wireless sense network dispatching method and the system of frequency hopping synchronously based on the quick the whole network of TDMA.
This wireless sense network dispatching method provided by the invention comprises the steps:
Step 1: create superframe on gateway node, described superframe is made up of the frame of a plurality of identical configurations, and each frame is made up of business time-slot between synchronization slot between CSMA time slot between bunch, bunch, a plurality of bunches.
System will bunch between communication with bunch in communicate by letter the fusion in a time slot, realize, support quick the whole network synchronization policy, described each time slot all comprised simultaneously be used for bunch between communication service and bunch in a plurality of sub-slots of communication service, described each sub-slots all is a least unit of scheduling separately, is a radio frequency burst sequences on the characteristic frequency.Each time slot has all comprised a bunch of inter-sync sub-slots, the access of wireless sensor node and synchronously in being used for bunch, wireless sensor node time slots of cost at most can be finished synchronizing function, the energy consumption of having saved wireless sensor node under the prerequisite that guarantees real-time; Each frame has all comprised synchronization slot between bunch, is used for the access of leader cluster node with synchronously, and leader cluster node can be realized one time synchronizing function in the time of the shortest frame, improved the clock accuracy of leader cluster node.Described method is a kind of based on the synchronous wireless sense network dispatching method of the quick the whole network of TDMA, provides technical support simultaneously to low-power consumption and real-time.
Between bunch the CSMA time slot be used for realizing functional requirement that new leader cluster node networks and bunch in the business function demand, it comprise a bunch inter-sync sub-slots, bunch between up CSMA access sub-slots, bunch between the downstream arrangements sub-slots, bunch in the upstream data sub-slots, bunch in the downlink data sub-slots.
Between bunch synchronization slot be used for realizing between the leader cluster node and leader cluster node and gateway node between synchronous functional requirement and bunch in the business function demand, it comprise a bunch inter-sync sub-slots, bunch between the uplink synchronous sub-slots, bunch between the down-going synchronous sub-slots, bunch in the upstream data sub-slots, bunch in the downlink data sub-slots.
The functional requirement that business time-slot is used for realizing between the leader cluster node and leader cluster node is communicated by letter with the two-way services between the gateway node between bunch and bunch in the business function demand, it comprise a bunch inter-sync sub-slots, bunch between the uplink service sub-slots, bunch between the downlink business sub-slots, bunch in the upstream data sub-slots, bunch in the downlink data sub-slots.
The data sub-slots is used for finishing other all business functions except bunch inter-sync function in bunch, comprises networking request, configuration order, data service.In described sub-slots, support to finish to keep out of the way multiple single business of receiving that competitive way is the main networking request of serving that realizes; The business that the single-shot of serving configuration order is overcharged is finished in support; Support is finished at the single-shot list that does not have to serve data communication under the via node situation and is received business, or is having the single-shot under the via node situation to overcharge business.
Leader cluster node is to be that unit communicates in the cycle with the time slot with the frame, a plurality of leader cluster nodes are formed a MESH network configuration, can communicate simultaneously between all adjacent cluster head nodes, system supports the frequency hopping design, can occur on the different frequencies in the communication on the identical time slot between the different leader cluster nodes, system supports power control techniques simultaneously, and the leader cluster node enough far away of being separated by can multiplexing same frequency.
Wireless sensor node is to be that unit communicates in the cycle with the time slot with the superframe, a plurality of wireless sensor nodes are formed a Star Network structure, the different radio sensor node takies different time interval resources, a plurality of wireless sensor nodes under the same leader cluster node communicate in the TDMA mode, take same frequency resource; The different radio sensor node of identical time slot is operated in different frequencies under the adjacent cluster head node, communicates in the FDMA mode.In bunch communication frequency support select with bunch between the identical frequency of communicating by letter.
System also supports the communication between any two wireless sensor nodes except supporting the two-way communication between arbitrary wireless sensor node and the gateway node.
After superframe was created and to be finished, gateway node began that the mode according to the superframe scheduling enters running status on the Fc frequency, and every frame bunch between broadcast synchronization information and superframe structure information on the synchronization slot;
Step 2: new leader cluster node powers on after the operation, beginning is that chronomere carries out scan channel with the frame length, scan F1～Fn channel successively, each scanning one frame length is the time of unit, behind all scan channels one time, wait for predefined a period of time, proceed the next round scan channel then, up to synchronizing information between receiving on a certain channel Fc bunch;
Step 3: new leader cluster node is between receiving on the Fc channel bunch after the synchronizing information, and the sending node of synchronizing information carries out synchronously between described bunch, and know the superframe structure of network, constantly later on, receive between this bunch synchronizing information to keep synchronous regime at each fixing frame.Simultaneously, described leader cluster node begin on the Fc channel bunch between up CSMA insert on the sub-slots and initiate the request of networking in the mode of keeping out of the way competition, and on the Fc of the next frame channel bunch between receive the networking configuration information on the downstream arrangements sub-slots.
The networking information of new leader cluster node can be received by gateway node, perhaps by the leader cluster node of the work that networks receive the back by bunch between professional sub-slots be transmitted to gateway node;
Step 4: gateway node bunch between up CSMA insert sub-slots or bunch between after the uplink service sub-slots receives the networking request of new leader cluster node, according to predefined strategy, the allocate communications resource is given new leader cluster node, and the communication resource comprises the configuration information of node address, Hyper Frame Number, frame number, time slot, frequency, mode of operation.The communication resource that distributes can by gateway node by bunch between the downstream arrangements sub-slots send to this new leader cluster node, perhaps send to the leader cluster node of the work that networks by professional sub-slots, by described leader cluster node again by bunch between the downstream arrangements sub-slots send to new leader cluster node;
Step 5: new leader cluster node on the Fc channel bunch between after the downstream arrangements sub-slots receives the networking configuration information, beginning enters operating state according to communication resource configuration the carrying out superframe scheduling of receiving.The leader cluster node of the described work that networked is the fc frequency broadcasting bunch inter-sync information to have disposed on bunch inter-sync sub-slots of each time slot;
Step 6: wireless sensor node powers on after the operation, beginning is that chronomere carries out scan channel with time slot length, scan f1～fm channel successively, each scanning one time slot length is the time of unit, behind all scan channels one time, enter resting state, wait for predefined a period of time after, proceed the next round scan channel, up on a certain channel fc, receiving a bunch inter-sync information;
Step 7: wireless sensor node after receiving bunch inter-sync information on the fc, with broadcasting bunch inter-sync information this leader cluster node carry out synchronously.And in certain bunch, initiate the request of networking on the data sub-slots, on this data sub-slots of next superframe, receive configuration order;
Step 8: after leader cluster node is received the networking request of wireless sensor node, be transmitted to gateway node through multi-hop, gateway node is according to predefined strategy, the allocate communications resource is given described wireless sensor node, the communication resource comprises the configuration information of node address, time slot, frequency, mode of operation, and send it back leader cluster node through multi-hop, leader cluster node bunch in send described communication resource configuration information to wireless sensor node on the data sub-slots;
Step 9: wireless sensor node begins to enter running status after receiving communication resource configuration information.The wireless sensor node overwhelming majority time can be in the extremely low power dissipation resting state, when data communication service, rely on timer to wake up, on the distributed time slot resource, communicate, continue to enter the low-power consumption resting state after communication is finished with leader cluster node from resting state.For the communication that needs affirmation mechanism, in confirming packet, can comprise synchronizing information at every turn, with keep between wireless sensor node and the leader cluster node synchronously; For the communication that does not need affirmation mechanism, system supports the time every fixed length, wake up once from resting state, farm labourer does the time of every time slot unit length, carry out synchronously with leader cluster node, the time of described fixed length is relevant with the factor of the clock stability of node, node scale, no wire rate, data volume size.
Step 10: system enters normal operating condition, wireless sensor node sends to leader cluster node with data message, and leader cluster node is forwarded to other leader cluster node again, is sent to gateway node at last until information, be sent to the external network system by gateway node, vice versa.System supports the radio communication between any 2 in the wireless sense network simultaneously.
Transmission node adopts the operation strategy identical with wireless sensor node.
Via node adopts the networking strategy identical with wireless sensor node, after via node is gone into network operation, with the relay function of carrying out between wireless sensor node and the leader cluster node, via node has bunch inter-sync sub-slots of oneself, keep precise synchronization between via node and the leader cluster node, wireless sensor node supports from via node or leader cluster node receiving synchronous information, and do not influence wireless sensor node bunch in communication function.Via node and leader cluster node are shared the data communication timeslots resource with wireless sensor node, when the relaying node receives the data message of wireless sensor node, be transmitted to leader cluster node, carry out integrated treatment, support a plurality of via nodes in one bunch by leader cluster node.
As simplification, described step 2 can support to adopt the method for fixed configurations, and by configuration in advance, described leader cluster node steady job is on certain known frequency, with the implementation of simplified system.
As simplification, described step 3 can support to adopt the method for fixed configurations, and by configuration in advance, described leader cluster node promptly begins to put into operation in the superframe mode of predetermined configurations, with the implementation of simplified system.
As simplification, described step 6 can support to adopt the method for fixed configurations, and by configuration in advance, described wireless sensor node steady job is on certain known frequency, with the implementation of simplified system.
As simplification, described step 7 can support to adopt the method for fixed configurations, and by configuration in advance, described wireless sensor node promptly begins to put into operation with the time interval resource of predetermined configurations, with the implementation of simplified system.
As simplification, for some simple application scenarios, communications portion between can not comprising bunch, and communications portion in including only bunch, by a leader cluster node and the wireless sensor node under it and optionally via node form, at this moment, leader cluster node will be carried out the function of gateway node simultaneously, as simplification, create frame at leader cluster node, each frame is made of configuration time slot, an a plurality of data slot.The configuration time slot is made of synchronous sub-slots, up CSMA sub-slots, downstream arrangements sub-slots; Data slot is made of synchronous sub-slots, upstream data sub-slots, downlink data sub-slots.Each time slot all comprises a synchronous sub-slots, its timeslot scheduling method with the front described from step 6 beginning bunch in communications portion identical, just leader cluster node will directly be carried out the function of gateway node this moment, and not need to be sent to gateway node again.
Realize the wireless sense network system of described dispatching method of the present invention, comprising:
The wireless sensor node of gateway node, the leader cluster node of a plurality of formation MESH networks, a plurality of formation Star Networks and transmission node, optional a plurality of via nodes, all support wireless connections between system's each several part, simultaneously, can support wired connection between the leader cluster node.
Between leader cluster node and the gateway node and the communication between the leader cluster node constitute bunch between communication; Communication in communication between leader cluster node and wireless sensor node, transmission node, the via node constitutes bunch.
Gateway node is realized the management function of whole wireless sensor network, and can realize and being connected of other automated network by the industrial field bus interface; Realize and being connected of wireless public network by the wireless public network interface; Realize and being connected of WLAN (wireless local area network) by wireless lan interfaces, with the data communication function between realization wireless sensor network and the external network.
The access and the data communication of wireless sensor node and transmission node in leader cluster node is responsible for bunch, it also has routing function simultaneously, with bunch in communication data be forwarded to other bunch head or gateway node; Via node is optional in system, it is responsible for extending the coverage of leader cluster node, or increase the reliability of wireless sensor node communication as the multipath reception node, finish management function by leader cluster node to via node, the gateway node support monitors the quality of via node, not needing does not directly influence the MESH topology of networks to the via node management that networks so increase via node; Transmission node is provided with in order to realize supporting the user data terminal equipment; Wireless sensor node is the elementary cell that realizes the wireless sense network function, and wireless sensor node is supported the low-power consumption node device.
As simplification, for some simple application scenarios, communications portion between can not comprising bunch, and communications portion in including only bunch, by the wireless sensor node under a leader cluster node and its and optionally via node constitute, at this moment, leader cluster node will be carried out the function of gateway node simultaneously.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
Support the wireless sensor node Life cycle interior non-maintaining, product can come into operation after being installed to the scene automatically;
Wireless sensor node can possess the extremely low power dissipation characteristic, supports long-time useful life, can support the characteristic of small size simultaneously;
Wireless sensor node has stronger real-time, can support the requirement of second level real-time in the general industry field;
Wireless sensor node has the scale networking, can support the application scale of the hundreds of even thousands of nodes in the general industry field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for supporting the wireless sense network dispatching method superframe structure figure of frequency hopping synchronously based on the quick the whole network of TDMA in the embodiment of the invention 1
Fig. 2 is for supporting the wireless sense network system architecture diagram of frequency hopping synchronously based on the quick the whole network of TDMA in the embodiment of the invention 1
Fig. 3 is the structural principle block diagram of gateway node in the embodiment of the invention 1
Fig. 4 is the structural principle block diagram of leader cluster node, via node and transmission node in the embodiment of the invention 1
Fig. 5 is the structural principle block diagram of wireless sensor node in the embodiment of the invention 1
Fig. 6 simplifies version wireless sense network dispatching method frame assumption diagram in the embodiment of the invention 2
Fig. 7 simplifies version wireless sense network system architecture diagram in the embodiment of the invention 2
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but be not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 1 is the wireless sense network dispatching method superframe structure figure that supports frequency hopping based on the quick the whole network of TDMA synchronously of the present invention.As shown in fig. 1, system dispatches in the mode of superframe, and superframe n represents current superframe, and superframe n+1 represents next same superframe.Each superframe comprises the frames of 8 same configurations, and each frame comprises 6 time slots, is respectively: business time-slot between synchronization slot between CSMA time slot between bunch, bunch, 4 bunches, and each Time Slot Occupancy 20ms, so every frame takies 120ms, every superframe takies 960ms.
Each time slot all comprised simultaneously be used for bunch between communication service and bunch in a plurality of sub-slots of communication service:
Between bunch the CSMA time slot comprise a bunch inter-sync sub-slots, bunch between up CSMA insert sub-slots, bunch between the downstream arrangements sub-slots, bunch in the upstream data sub-slots, bunch in the downlink data sub-slots.Wherein: between bunch up CSMA insert sub-slots, bunch between the downstream arrangements sub-slots be used for bunch between communication service, bunch inter-sync sub-slots, bunch in the upstream data sub-slots, bunch in the downlink data sub-slots be used for bunch in communication service;
Between bunch synchronization slot comprise a bunch inter-sync sub-slots, bunch between the uplink synchronous sub-slots, bunch between the down-going synchronous sub-slots, bunch in the upstream data sub-slots, bunch in the downlink data sub-slots.Wherein: uplink synchronous sub-slots between bunch, bunch between the down-going synchronous sub-slots be used for bunch between communication service, bunch inter-sync sub-slots, bunch in the upstream data sub-slots, bunch in the downlink data sub-slots be used for bunch in communication service;
Between bunch business time-slot comprise a bunch inter-sync sub-slots, bunch between the uplink service sub-slots, bunch between the downlink business sub-slots, bunch in the upstream data sub-slots, bunch in the downlink data sub-slots.Wherein: uplink service sub-slots between bunch, bunch between the downlink business sub-slots be used for bunch between communication service, bunch inter-sync sub-slots, bunch in the upstream data sub-slots, bunch in the downlink data sub-slots be used for bunch in communication service.
Each sub-slots all is a least unit of scheduling separately, is a radio frequency burst sequences on the characteristic frequency, comprising: protected field, lead code, synchronous code, length byte, address byte, data field, check byte, protected field.
Leader cluster node is to be that unit communicates in the cycle with the time slot with the frame, as shown in fig. 1, each frame has all comprised synchronization slot between bunch, be used for the synchronous of leader cluster node, so leader cluster node can be realized a synchronizing function in the 120ms altogether in the time of the shortest frame, can improve the clock accuracy of leader cluster node largely.System supports the frequency hopping design, the frequency of communicating by letter between the typical case supports 9 bunches, be to occur on the different frequencies in the communication on the identical time slot between the different leader cluster nodes, can in a frame, finish communication between the leader cluster node of each jumping, a MESH network for typical case's 8 jumpings, can finish in the 960ms altogether from starting point to more any communication at 8 frames at most, be satisfied the requirement of real-time and scale networking.
Wireless sensor node is to be that unit communicates in the cycle with the time slot with the superframe, as shown in fig. 1, each time slot has all comprised a bunch of inter-sync sub-slots, in being used for bunch wireless sensor node synchronously, so wireless sensor node time slots of cost at most can be finished synchronizing function in the 20ms altogether, can save the energy consumption of wireless sensor node largely.Wireless sensor node is after dispatching from the factory, the typical case can be set to per 5 minutes from the extremely low power dissipation sleep pattern synchronous working method that once networks of waking up, wake up the time of work 20ms at most at every turn, duty ratio is 5 * 60 * 1000ms ÷ 20ms=15000, like this, both can satisfy wireless sensor node not having to keep the characteristic of extremely low power dissipation before on-the-spot the installation, so that store for a long time and transportation; Can satisfy simultaneously again and need not human intervention after wireless sensor node is installed at the scene and the characteristic of normal operation input in 5 minutes at most.Every superframe comprises 48 time slots, each leader cluster node can be supported 48 wireless sensor nodes at most simultaneously, each wireless sensor node can be finished once communication in the 960ms altogether at every superframe, the frequency of communicating by letter in system typical case supports 6 bunches, support to select with bunch between the identical frequency of communicating by letter, can multiplexing identical frequency between the difference enough far away of being separated by bunch, so satisfied the requirement of real-time and scale networking.
Fig. 2 is a wireless sense network system architecture diagram of supporting frequency hopping based on the quick the whole network of TDMA synchronously of the present invention, system is made of wireless sensor node (5) and transmission node (4), optional a plurality of via nodes (3) of a gateway node (1), the leader cluster node (2) of a plurality of formation MESH networks, a plurality of formation Star Networks, supports between system's each several part to connect by wireless.
Fig. 3 is the structural principle block diagram of gateway node of the present invention, and gateway node is made of power supply, voltage stabilizing circuit, microcontroller, 32.768K clock crystal oscillator, digital temperature sensor, radio-frequency (RF) transmit-receive circuit, field-bus interface circuit, wireless public network interface circuit, wireless lan interfaces circuit.According to different applicable cases, microcontroller can be selected the ARM7 of high-end ARM9 family chip or middle-end or the MSP430F54 series monolithic of CORTEX-M3 family chip or low and middle-end; 32.768K clock crystal oscillator, is used for the synchronizing function of the system that finishes as synchronised clock, also can select the high frequency clock crystal oscillator to realize more accurate the whole network synchronizing function; Digital temperature sensor is used for calibrating the frequency difference that clock crystal oscillator causes with temperature; Radio-frequency (RF) transmit-receive circuit is according to on-the-spot needs, the device of radio frequency bands such as 433M, 470M, 780M, 2.4G be can select to support, the CC1101 of TI company, the ADF7020-1 of ADI company, the wireless receiving and dispatching one radio-frequency devices such as CC2520 of TI company for example can be selected; The field-bus interface circuit can the supporting industry Ethernet, RS485, CAN, industrial field bus such as Profibus, HART; The wireless public network interface circuit can be supported wireless public networks such as 2G, 3G; The wireless lan interfaces circuit can support to insert WiMAXs such as WIFI, WLAN, WiMAX, to realize the data communication function between wireless sensor network and the external network.
Fig. 4 is the structural principle block diagram of leader cluster node of the present invention, and leader cluster node is made of power unit, voltage stabilizing circuit, microcontroller, 32.768K clock crystal oscillator, digital temperature sensor, radio-frequency (RF) transmit-receive circuit, interface circuit.The optional DC power supply of power unit, powered battery, solar modules power supply; Microcontroller can be selected the MSP430F54 series monolithic of TI company or 16 series monolithics of low-power consumption of Microchip company, to take into account the requirement of resource and power consumption; 32.768K clock crystal oscillator, is used for the synchronizing function of the system that finishes as synchronised clock, also can select the high frequency clock crystal oscillator to realize more accurate the whole network synchronizing function; Digital temperature sensor is used for calibrating the frequency difference that clock crystal oscillator causes with temperature; Radio-frequency (RF) transmit-receive circuit is according to on-the-spot needs, the device of radio frequency bands such as 433M, 470M, 780M, 2.4G be can select to support, the CC1101 of TI company, the ADF7020-1 of ADI company, the wireless receiving and dispatching one radio-frequency devices such as CC2520 of TI company for example can be selected; Interface circuit can be supported common interfaces such as RS485, RS232, is connected with onsite user's equipment.
The structural principle block diagram of via node, transmission node is identical with leader cluster node.
Fig. 5 is the structural principle block diagram of wireless sensor node of the present invention, and wireless sensor node is made of battery, microcontroller, 32.768K clock crystal oscillator, digital temperature sensor, radio-frequency (RF) transmit-receive circuit, transducer external interface circuit.Wireless sensor node itself can be a low-power consumption node device, wireless temperature collector as integrated thermal electric idol, the collection of thermal resistance equitemperature, also can be to have the buffer module of certain universal sensor interface and the automation equipment that connects the user, as have the wireless universal data acquisition unit of input function interfaces such as 0-5V, 4-20mA or have wireless controller of relay dry contact output function interface etc.Battery is generally selected disposable lithium argon battery for use, so that the energy support in the Life cycle to be provided to equipment; Microcontroller can be selected the MSP430 series super low-power consumption series monolithic of TI company, perhaps selects the super low-power consumption series monolithic of Microchip company; 32.768K clock crystal oscillator, is used for the synchronizing function of the system that finishes as synchronised clock; Digital temperature sensor is used for calibrating the frequency difference that clock crystal oscillator causes with temperature, can be used to simultaneously that calibrating sensors partly varies with temperature and the deviation brought; Radio-frequency (RF) transmit-receive circuit is according to on-the-spot needs, the device of radio frequency bands such as 433M, 470M, 780M, 2.4G be can select to support, the CC1101 of TI company, the ADF7020-1 of ADI company, the wireless receiving and dispatching one radio-frequency devices such as CC2520 of TI company for example can be selected; The transducer external interface circuit generally comprises sensor circuit, signal conditioning circuit, A/D or D/A circuit, signal isolation circuit etc., for example for Temperature sampler, transducer external interface circuit part can comprise 18 A/D converter spares of a K type thermocouple and an integrated inner amplifier.
Embodiment 2:
Fig. 6 is that wireless sense network dispatching method of the present invention is simplified the version frame assumption diagram.As shown in FIG., system simplification superframe structure, dispatch in the mode of frame, the n frame is represented current frame, the n+1 frame is represented next same frame.Each frame comprises 48 time slots, is respectively: a configuration time slot, 47 data time slots, each Time Slot Occupancy 20ms is so every frame takies 960ms.
The configuration time slot is made of synchronous sub-slots, up CSMA sub-slots, downstream arrangements sub-slots.
Data slot is made of synchronous sub-slots, upstream data sub-slots, downlink data sub-slots.
Each sub-slots all is a least unit of scheduling separately, is a radio frequency burst sequences on the characteristic frequency, comprising: protected field, lead code, synchronous code, length byte, address byte, data field, check byte, protected field.
Wireless sensor node is to be that unit communicates in the cycle with the time slot with the frame, as shown in Figure 6, each time slot has all comprised a synchronous sub-slots, in being used for bunch wireless sensor node synchronously, so wireless sensor node time slots of cost at most can be finished synchronizing function in the 20ms altogether, can save the energy consumption of wireless sensor node largely.Wireless sensor node is after dispatching from the factory, the typical case can be set to per 5 minutes from the extremely low power dissipation sleep pattern synchronous working method that once networks of waking up, wake up the time of work 20ms at most at every turn, duty ratio is 5 * 60 * 1000ms ÷ 20ms=15000, like this, both can satisfy wireless sensor node not having to keep the characteristic of extremely low power dissipation before on-the-spot the installation, so that store for a long time and transportation; Can satisfy simultaneously again need not human intervention after wireless sensor node is installed at the scene and in maximum 5 minutes the characteristic of normal operation input.Every frame comprises 48 time slots, the optional access of new wireless sensor node and the configuration information of broadcasting leader cluster node of fixedly being used for of first time slot.Each leader cluster node can be supported 48 wireless sensor nodes at most simultaneously, and each wireless sensor node can be finished once communication in the 960ms altogether at every frame, is satisfied the requirement of real-time.
Fig. 7 is that wireless sense network of the present invention is simplified the edition system structured flowchart, and system is made of a leader cluster node, a plurality of wireless sensor node that constitutes Star Network.Leader cluster node has the function of gateway node simultaneously, and fieldbus such as interface circuit can the supporting industry Ethernet, RS485, CAN, Profibus are to realize the data communication function between wireless sensor network and the external network.
Claims (10)
- One kind be applicable to the low power consuming devices data acquisition and monitoring support the wireless sense network dispatching method of frequency hopping synchronously based on the quick the whole network of TDMA, described dispatching method moves in the mode of superframe scheduling based on TDMA, it is characterized in that, described superframe is made up of the frame of a plurality of identical configurations, each frame is by CSMA time slot between bunch, synchronization slot between one bunch, business time-slot is formed between a plurality of bunches, between bunch communication with bunch in communicate by letter the fusion in a time slot, finish, the quick the whole network synchronization policy of system's support, each time slot all comprised simultaneously be used for bunch between communication service and bunch in a plurality of sub-slots of communication service, each sub-slots all is a least unit of scheduling separately, it is a radio frequency burst sequences on the characteristic frequency, each time slot has all comprised a bunch of inter-sync sub-slots, the access of wireless sensor node and synchronously in being used for bunch, wireless sensor node spends a time slots at most promptly can finish synchronizing function; Each frame has all comprised synchronization slot between bunch, is used for the access of leader cluster node with synchronously, and leader cluster node can be realized one time synchronizing function in the time of the shortest frame.
- 2. the wireless sense network dispatching method of supporting frequency hopping based on the quick the whole network of TDMA synchronously according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, leader cluster node is to be that unit communicates in the cycle with the time slot with the frame, a plurality of leader cluster nodes are formed a MESH network configuration, can communicate simultaneously between all adjacent cluster head nodes, system supports the frequency hopping design, can occur on the different frequencies in the communication on the identical time slot between the different leader cluster nodes, simultaneity factor is supported power control techniques, and the leader cluster node enough far away of being separated by can multiplexing same frequency; Wireless sensor node is to be that unit communicates in the cycle with the time slot with the superframe, a plurality of wireless sensor nodes are formed a Star Network structure, the different radio sensor node takies different time interval resources, a plurality of wireless sensor nodes under the same leader cluster node communicate in the TDMA mode, take same frequency resource, the different radio sensor node of identical time slot is operated in different frequencies under the adjacent cluster head node, communicates in the FDMA mode.
- 3. the wireless sense network dispatching method of supporting frequency hopping based on the quick the whole network of TDMA synchronously according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, system except supporting the two-way communication between arbitrary wireless sensor node and the gateway node, can also back-up system in communication between any two nodes.
- 4. the wireless sense network dispatching method of supporting frequency hopping based on the quick the whole network of TDMA synchronously according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, system also supports the application simplified, for some simple application scenarios, communications portion between can not comprising bunch, and communications portion in including only bunch, form by a leader cluster node and wireless sensor node and optional via node under it, at this moment, leader cluster node will be carried out the function of gateway node simultaneously, create frame at leader cluster node, and each frame is by a configuration time slot, a plurality of data slots constitute, each time slot all comprises a synchronous sub-slots, and its timeslot scheduling method adopts client/server adaptation scheme in described same bunch.
- 5. realize the wireless sense network system of the described dispatching method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, system comprises gateway node, the leader cluster node of a plurality of formation MESH networks, the wireless sensor node of a plurality of formation Star Networks and transmission node, optional a plurality of via node, between leader cluster node and the gateway node and the communication between the leader cluster node constitute bunch between communication, leader cluster node and wireless sensor node, transmission node, communication in communication between the via node constitutes bunch, all support wireless connections between system's each several part, simultaneously, can support wired connection between the leader cluster node.
- 6. the wireless sense network system that supports frequency hopping based on the quick the whole network of TDMA synchronously according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, gateway node is realized the management function of whole wireless sensor network, and can realize and being connected of other automated network by the industrial field bus interface; Realize and being connected of wireless public network by the wireless public network interface; Realize and being connected of WLAN (wireless local area network) by wireless lan interfaces, to realize the data communication function between described wireless sensor network and the external network.
- 7. the wireless sense network system that supports frequency hopping based on the quick the whole network of TDMA synchronously according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the access and the data communication of wireless sensor node and transmission node in leader cluster node is responsible for bunch, simultaneously it also has routing function, with bunch in communication data be forwarded to other bunch head or gateway node.
- 8. the wireless sense network system that supports frequency hopping based on the quick the whole network of TDMA synchronously according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, via node has bunch inter-sync sub-slots of oneself, via node and leader cluster node keep precise synchronization, wireless sensor node is supported from via node or leader cluster node receiving synchronous information, and do not influence wireless sensor node bunch in communication function, via node and leader cluster node are shared the data communication timeslots resource with wireless sensor node, when the relaying node receives the data message of wireless sensor node, be transmitted to leader cluster node, carry out integrated treatment by leader cluster node, support a plurality of via nodes in one bunch; Via node is optional in system, it is responsible for extending the coverage of leader cluster node, or increase the reliability of wireless sensor node communication as the multipath reception node, finish management function by leader cluster node to via node, the gateway node support monitors the quality of via node, not needing does not directly influence the MESH of system topology of networks to the via node management that networks so increase via node.
- 9. the wireless sense network system that supports frequency hopping based on the quick the whole network of TDMA synchronously according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, wireless sensor node is the elementary cell that realizes the wireless sense network function, wireless sensor node is supported the low-power consumption node device, and the simultaneity factor support connects the transmission node of user data terminal equipment.
- 10. the wireless sense network system that supports frequency hopping based on the quick the whole network of TDMA synchronously according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, system also supports the application simplified, for some simple application scenarios, communications portion between can not comprising bunch, and communications portion in including only bunch, by a leader cluster node and the wireless sensor node under it and optionally via node form, at this moment, leader cluster node will be carried out the function of gateway node simultaneously.
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