CN206272855U - Mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system - Google Patents
Mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system, and it includes several wireless terminals, more than one relaying and a gateway；The wireless terminal includes a MCU, the first radio-frequency module, sensor assembly, power management module and antenna, and the first radio-frequency module, sensor assembly and power management module are connected with a MCU respectively, the first radio-frequency module connection antenna；Described relaying includes the 2nd MCU, the second radio-frequency module and antenna based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, and the second radio-frequency module is connected with the 2nd MCU with antenna respectively.Wireless sensor network of the present utility model uses low-power consumption remote-wireless technique construction, with low in energy consumption, the advantage of long transmission distance；The mixed type topological structure netted using Star network and MESH, data traffic has been focused in relaying the MESH network for being constituted, so as to greatly reduce the data payload of wireless terminal, to meet the demand of wireless terminal low-power consumption.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to communication technical field, and in particular to a kind of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system
System.
Background technology
In the outdoor sports such as rescue, field exploration, the demand of information transfer often occurs.As rescued team member
The transmission of geographical location information, command information is assigned.At present in such activity, number is realized usually using talkback system
According to transmission.But intercom mode is typically only capable to realize half-duplex operation, and power consumption is big, relay erection inconvenience, it is impossible to meet wild
To the battery durable ability of communication equipment in outer activity, the requirement of the fast and flexible erection of network.In recent years, with the communication technology
Development especially technology of Internet of things development, different technology of Internet of things especially wireless sensor network (WSN) start should
Use in open air/outdoor sports, be used to solve data transmission problems.
The WSN technology commonly used in current open air/field scene includes ZigBee technology, RFID technique.Wherein RFID technique
With terminal RFID label tag low cost, data transfer rate advantage high.But significantly limit between RFID label tag and card reader away from
From typically smaller than several meters.And unidirectional data transfer is only generally supported, and cannot be communicated between terminal and terminal, it is not suitable for tool
There are the remote, application scenarios of MANET demand, the data transfer such as explored, rescue in outdoor sports.ZigBee technology end
End is low in energy consumption, supports two-way communication.But terminal transmission distance is near, be mainly used in it is short-range be wirelessly transferred scene, for remote
Distance is wirelessly transferred demand, then need to build a large amount of relayings, substantially increases the cost of communication and the complexity of communication protocol.
In recent years, support that the remote wireless communication technology of low-power consumption starts to occur, such as the LoRa modulation of Semtech companies
Technology, Sigfox technologies etc..The appearance of these technologies so that building a remote WSN of low-power consumption becomes possibility.At present
For the application and research of these technologies, have focused largely on the characteristics of using its long transmission distance, Star Network is built, so that greatly
The big complexity for reducing network topology structure and communication protocol, realizes to the large number of network terminal in certain distribution
Data transfer and control.
Chinese patent CN105813099A discloses a kind of outdoor wireless communication system based on LoRa MANETs, for solving
Adverse circumstances mobile network signals that certainly existing outdoor wireless communication system is present are poor, transmission range closely and the friendship without information sharing
The technical problem at mutual interface, it include central processing unit, locating module, bluetooth module, peripheral interface, power module,
LoRa communication modules and mobile phone A PP terminals；Central processing unit respectively with locating module, bluetooth module, peripheral interface, power supply
Module and LoRa communication modules are connected；LoRa communication modules build wireless Mesh netword with other systems LoRa communication modules, lead to
Crossing CSMA/CA agreements and AODV routing algorithms carries out reliable data communication；Mobile phone A PP terminals are entered with bluetooth module by bluetooth
Row data exchange.But the patent is only illustrated to the composition of network terminal system, is then adopted in terms of network structure in itself
With traditional MESH network and CSMA/CA agreements.In MESH topological structures, each terminal of network undertakes terminal with simultaneously
After the function of route.In the non-network structure being evenly distributed of flow, such as in rescue, its command centre is usually information
Main convergent point and send a little, the data traffic that the node for being close to convergent point can be caused to carry is big, big energy-consuming, so as to these sections
The data-handling capacity and power supply of point propose requirement.And the CSMA/CA consultations for being based on competition mechanism cause with terminal section
That puts increases, and network conflict increases, and network efficiency drastically declines.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is the defect and deficiency for overcoming above-mentioned technology, there is provided a kind of mixed type
Remote-wireless sensor network system, under the environment such as field, flexibly and easily building communication network, there is provided avoid punching
The prominent, long range wireless communication that transmission is reliable, terminal endurance is strong.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is：
A kind of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system, it include several wireless terminals, it is more than one in
After with a gateway；
The wireless terminal includes a MCU, the first radio-frequency module, sensor assembly, power management module and antenna, the
One radio-frequency module, sensor assembly and power management module are connected with a MCU respectively, the first radio-frequency module connection antenna；
Described relaying includes the 2nd MCU, the second radio-frequency module and antenna based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, the
Two radio-frequency modules are connected with the 2nd MCU with antenna respectively；
Described gateway includes the 3rd MCU, the 3rd radio-frequency module and antenna based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, the
Three radio-frequency modules are connected with the 3rd MCU with antenna respectively；
First radio-frequency module of described wireless terminal and the second radio-frequency module wireless communication connection for relaying, wireless terminal
The first radio-frequency module and gateway the 3rd radio-frequency module wireless communication connection, the second radio-frequency module of relaying and the 3rd of gateway the
Radio-frequency module wireless communication connection, described wireless terminal is that gateway or relaying constitute Star Network, net with its even higher level of node
Close and constitute MESH network with relaying.
Preferably, described gateway also includes Internet AM access modules, and Internet AM access modules connect with the 3rd MCU
Connect.Described Internet AM access modules can provide different access ways, such as ESP-12F WIFI modules according to different demands,
ATK-RM04 ethernet modules.
Preferably, the first described radio-frequency module, the second radio-frequency module, the 3rd radio-frequency module are low-power consumption and lead at a distance
Letter module.More preferably, described low-power consumption telecommunication module uses LoRa communication modules.
Preferably, described sensor assembly includes low-power consumption GPS locating module and low power dissipation temperature-humidity sensor.Such as
Ublox NEO series d GPS locating modules, Sensirion high accuracy SHT series Temperature Humidity Sensors.
Preferably, described power management module uses the CMOS linear voltage regulators of model RT9013.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：
1st, wireless sensor network of the present utility model uses low-power consumption remote-wireless technique construction, such as LoRa modulation skills
Art, Sigfox technologies, with low in energy consumption, the advantage of long transmission distance；
2nd, the mixed type topology that remote-wireless sensor network system of the present utility model is netted using Star network and MESH
Structure, data traffic has been focused on in relaying the MESH network that is constituted, so as to greatly reduce the data minus of wireless terminal
Carry, simplify the Protocol Design of wireless terminal, meet the demand of wireless terminal low-power consumption；
3rd, remote-wireless sensor network system relaying of the present utility model and gateway constitute the MESH network on upper strata, are
The forwarding of data provides route stand-by, it is ensured that the reliability of data transfer.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is remote-wireless sensor network system topology diagram provided by the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of remote-wireless sensor network system wireless terminal provided by the utility model；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of remote-wireless sensor network system relaying provided by the utility model；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of remote-wireless sensor network system gateway provided by the utility model；
Fig. 5 A are the workflow diagrams of remote-wireless sensor network system gateway provided by the utility model；
Fig. 5 B are the workflow diagrams of remote-wireless sensor network system relaying provided by the utility model；
Fig. 5 C are the state transition diagrams of remote-wireless sensor network system wireless terminal provided by the utility model；
Fig. 6 A are gateway beacon frame format schematic diagrames provided by the utility model；
Fig. 6 B are relay beacon form schematic diagrams provided by the utility model；
Fig. 6 C are registration request frame form schematic diagrams provided by the utility model；
Fig. 6 D are accreditation verification frame format schematic diagrames provided by the utility model；
Fig. 6 E are data frame format schematic diagrames provided by the utility model；
Fig. 6 F are relay forwarding data frame format schematic diagrames provided by the utility model；
Fig. 7 is time slot distribution schematic diagram provided by the utility model.
Specific embodiment
Technical embodiment of the present utility model is elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but protection domain of the present utility model
It is not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of remote-wireless sensor network system, including several wireless terminals, more than one
Relaying and a gateway；
The wireless terminal includes a MCU, the first radio-frequency module, sensor assembly, power management module and antenna, the
One radio-frequency module, sensor assembly and power management module are connected with a MCU respectively, the first radio-frequency module connection antenna；
Described relaying includes the 2nd MCU, the second radio-frequency module and antenna based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, the
Two radio-frequency modules are connected with the 2nd MCU with antenna respectively；
Described gateway includes the 3rd MCU, the 3rd radio-frequency module and antenna based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, the
Three radio-frequency modules are connected with the 3rd MCU with antenna respectively；
First radio-frequency module of described wireless terminal and the second radio-frequency module wireless communication connection for relaying, wireless terminal
The first radio-frequency module and gateway the 3rd radio-frequency module wireless communication connection, the second radio-frequency module of relaying and the 3rd of gateway the
Radio-frequency module wireless communication connection, described wireless terminal is that gateway or relaying constitute Star Network, net with its even higher level of node
Close and constitute MESH network with relaying.
Wherein, wireless terminal as network end node, be removable node, for gathering user profile, and by information
Gateway is sent to, while the information from gateway of reception；The intermediate node as communication is relayed, self terminal and net are come for forwarding
The information of pass, and the function of synchronization mechanism and the data route of communication in its coverage is provided；Gateway as network convergence
Point, receives the information from wireless terminal and relay forwarding, while providing the synchronization mechanism of wireless sensor network, and is responsible for pipe
Wireless terminal in reason network.
Described hybrid wireless sensor network topology structure is divided into two-layer：Wireless terminal and its upper layer node are gateway
Or relaying forms Star network, realizes point-to-point communication, is not communicated between terminal and terminal.The wireless sensor network
Via node and gateway node, form MESH network, for data forwarding provides mulitpath, strengthen the reliability and network of communication
Robustness.
As shown in Figure 2, described wireless terminal is based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, such as Semtech companies
LoRa modulation techniques, Sigfox, LTE-M etc., for user profile such as GPS information to be sent into gateway.First MCU (the places
Reason device) super low power consuming single chip processor such as STM8L series monolithics can be used.First radio-frequency module can be remote based on low-power consumption
Wireless communication chips are constituted, such as the LoRa modules based on Semtech companies SX12x chips.The power management module can be used
The CMOS linear voltage regulators of model RT9013.Described sensor assembly includes low-power consumption GPS locating module and low-power consumption temperature
Humidity sensor, such as Ublox NEO series d GPS locating module, Sensirion high accuracy SHT series Temperature Humidity Sensors.
As shown in Figure 3, the 2nd MCU (processor) can use super low power consuming single chip processor such as STM8L series monolithics.
Second radio-frequency module can be constituted based on low-power consumption long range wireless communication chip, and such as Semtech companies SX12x LoRa are adjusted
Coremaking piece.The information for forwarding terminal and gateway is relayed, the expansion of network is realized.The relaying can use small-sized external connection battery
As charger baby, small-sized solar electroplax are powered.
As shown in Figure 4, the 3rd MCU (processor) can use ARM single-chip microcomputers such as STM32 series monolithics.It is described
3rd radio-frequency module can be constituted based on low-power consumption long range wireless communication chip, such as Semtech companies SX12x LoRa modulation cores
Piece.Gateway is used to receive the information of wireless terminal and the information of relay forwarding, and sends information to wireless terminal.Also may include
Internet AM access modules, such as 3G, Ethernet module, there is provided access from WSN to Internet, Internet AM access modules with
MCU is connected, and the Internet AM access modules can provide different access ways, such as ESP-12F WIFI moulds according to different demands
Block, ATK-RM04 ethernet modules.The gateway can be powered using small-sized external connection battery such as charger baby, small-sized solar electroplax.
A kind of communication means of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system, comprises the following steps：
1) gateway periodically sends gateway beacon frame, is used to indicate network while providing synchronization mechanism；The gateway
Enter reception pattern afterwards, wait the data of relaying to be received or wireless terminal；
2) on the relaying after electricity, the beacon message that automatic search gateway or other relayings send, and build routing table letter
Breath；
3) repeating periods send relay beacon frame, for the wireless terminal in its coverage provides synchronous machine
System；Enter reception pattern after the relaying, wait the data of other relaying, wireless terminal or gateways to be received, and select route
Forwarded；
4) between the relaying and relaying, MESH network is formed between relaying and gateway；
5) on the wireless terminal described in after electricity, automatic searching network, and send registration request application addition network to gateway；
After being successfully joined network, the terminal regularly or when having and sending and ask is synchronized to gateway or network where relaying, selects time slot
Communicated；The terminal is that gateway or relaying form Star network with even higher level of node, is not communicated between terminal and terminal；
6) after the gateway receives terminal registration request, determined to receive or refuse the request according to network condition；And periodically
Detection registered terminals situation, updates and safeguards network terminal active list；
7) node uses synchronization mechanism and the avoidance mechanism based on priority to avoid conflict when data are sent,
Gateway priority level highest, relaying and terminal PRI be not low.
As shown in Figure 5A, gateway intercepts network condition to the course of work of the gateway first after the power-up, carries out channel and sweeps
Retouch, and select idle channel to set up network.Gateway periodically sends gateway beacon frame, is used to indicate that network gives its communication model simultaneously
Terminal and relaying in enclosing provide synchronization mechanism.The form of beacon frame is as fig. 6a illustrates.Gateway after beacon is distributed enter connect
Receipts pattern, waits the data of relaying to be received or wireless terminal.After receiving data, gateway carries out corresponding handling process.If receiving
Be application for registration frame, gateway decides whether to receive application for registration first according to its judgment mechanism.If receiving, the node is given
The distribution network address is simultaneously returned, and update its network terminal active list before the arriving of next beacon with accreditation verification frame.If receiving
To be data frame, then carry out corresponding data processing.If gateway confiscates the information of certain terminal or relaying for a long time, will
The node is deleted from network, and discharges the network address of the node.
The course of work of the relaying is as shown in Figure 5 B.Relaying after the power-up, intercepts network condition, and select network first
Registered.After succeeding in registration, relaying beacon period according to gateway or upper level relaying, relay beacon is periodically sent
Frame, is used to provide synchronization mechanism to the terminal in its coverage and relaying.Relay beacon frame format is as shown in Figure 6B.At one
In beacon period, after having sent beacon, relaying enters and receives forward mode, waits to be received and forwards data.After receiving data, in
After selecting to route according to routing table information, while the route field in data adds this nodal information, and routing table information is updated.
The state transition diagram of shown wireless terminal is as shown in Figure 5 C.Terminal after the power-up, automatic searching network, and to gateway
Send registration request frame application and add network.Registration request frame format is as shown in Figure 6 C.After succeeding in registration, if without information transmission,
Terminal enters resting state.If there is information transmission, terminal opens avoidance mechanism, and duration is kept out of the way in calculating and the entrance of opening timing device is stopped
Sleep.Timing is arrived, and terminal is revived and intercepts network.Data are sent if channel idle after continuously intercepting, is otherwise re-started
Once keep out of the way.After sending successfully, terminal enters dormancy until next data acquisition or sends request.
The communication means uses synchronization mechanism and supports the avoidance mechanism of priority level to avoid conflict.Specifically include：
1) the time slot distribution map of the communication means such as accompanying drawing 7.The transmission cycle is determined by gateway according to network condition.Each
The transmission cycle is divided into several sending time slots.Each sending time slots is divided into 3 competition slots again.Wherein 1-8 sending time slots are
Relaying reserved time slot, beacon is sent for relaying.
2) gateway periodically sends gateway beacon frame, and issue beacon within a beacon frame after selection channel sets up network
Cycle Length information.Gateway does not intercept channel when beacon frame is sent, and does not perform and keeps out of the way.
3) relay after the beacon frame for hearing gateway or upper level relaying, according to the beacon period length for being included, cycle
Property send relay beacon frame.After relaying hears beacon frame, random selection one relays reserved time slot and attempts sending.Into selected transmission
After time slot, competition slot is randomly choosed in 3 competition slots.If selected competition slot is competition slot 1, beacon is sent,
Otherwise continuously intercept channel.If the channel idle before selected competition slot, beacon is sent in selected competition slot.
4) terminal before transmitting, intercepts channel first, into wait beacon state.After receiving beacon, machine is kept out of the way in execution
System：Terminal first randomly chooses a certain sending time slots and attempts sending within the beacon period.After selected sending time slots are entered,
Competition slot is randomly choosed in rear 2 competition slots and is entered and intercepted.If the channel idle before selected competition slot,
Selected competition slot sends data.
5) gateway is after the log-on message of terminal or relaying is received, if receiving the registration request, intercepts channel, waits letter
Road is idle.If channel idle, accreditation verification frame is sent in the competition slot 1 of the sending time slots.
The route and repeating process of the relaying include：
1) relaying sets up routing table according to the beacon frame heard, and periodically updates.
2) after data are received, the route field according to data judges whether the forwarded over data to relaying.If having turned
Hair, then abandon the data, otherwise by the route field of data is plus this nodal information and forwards.
Frame format defined in the communication means includes：
1) gateway sends beacon frame format such as Fig. 6 A.Gateway beacon frame includes that synchronizing information field is used to sync beacon
Frame, beacon sign field is used to indicate current network, and gateway attribute field is used to be shown to be gateway institute beacon on frame.
2) beacon frame format such as Fig. 6 B that the relaying sends.It is synchronous that relay beacon frame includes that synchronizing information field is used to,
Beacon sign field is used to indicate current network that relaying attribute field is used to be shown to be relaying institute beacon on frame, and route field
It is used to indicate adjacent node situation.
3) registration request frame format such as Fig. 6 C that the wireless terminal sends, including registered symbol, device address and network
Identification field.Wherein registered symbol is used to show frame type that device address is used to illustrate terminal device address that network identity shows
Registration request object.
4) accreditation verification frame such as Fig. 6 D that the gateway sends, include validating that mark, operator logo, device address and network
Address.Wherein acknowledgement indicator is used to illustrate frame type.Operator logo is current network identification.Device address is the request end for confirming
The device address at end, the network address is WSN addresses that gateway is the terminal distribution.
5) data frame format such as Fig. 6 E that the terminal sends, including Data Labels, operator logo and is born the network address
Carry.Wherein Data Labels is used to illustrate frame type that operator logo is current network identification.The network address is the WSN addresses of terminal,
It is terminal data to load.
6) data frame format of the relay forwarding such as Fig. 6 F, including forwarding Data Labels, operator logo, the network address,
Load and route field.Wherein forwarding Data Labels is used to illustrate frame type that operator logo is current network identification.The network address
It is the WSN addresses of terminal, it is terminal data to load, route field is used to show the data frame by certain relay forwarding.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system, it is characterised in that：It include several wireless terminals, one
Relaying and a gateway above；
The wireless terminal includes a MCU, the first radio-frequency module, sensor assembly, power management module and antenna, and first penetrates
Frequency module, sensor assembly and power management module are connected with a MCU respectively, the first radio-frequency module connection antenna；
Described relaying includes the 2nd MCU, the second radio-frequency module and antenna based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, and second penetrates
Frequency module is connected with the 2nd MCU with antenna respectively；
Described gateway includes the 3rd MCU, the 3rd radio-frequency module and antenna based on low-power consumption remote-wireless technology, and the 3rd penetrates
Frequency module is connected with the 3rd MCU with antenna respectively；
Second radio-frequency module wireless communication connection of the first radio-frequency module of described wireless terminal and relaying, the of wireless terminal
3rd radio-frequency module wireless communication connection of one radio-frequency module and gateway, the second radio-frequency module of relaying and the 3rd radio frequency of gateway
Module wireless communication connection, described wireless terminal and its even higher level of node are gateway or relaying constitutes Star Network, gateway with
Relaying constitutes MESH network.
2. mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described gateway
Also include Internet AM access modules, Internet AM access modules are connected with the 3rd MCU.
3. mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described first
Radio-frequency module, the second radio-frequency module, the 3rd radio-frequency module are low-power consumption telecommunication module.
4. mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described low work(
Consumption telecommunication module uses LoRa communication modules.
5. mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described sensing
Device module includes low-power consumption GPS locating module and low power dissipation temperature-humidity sensor.
6. mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described power supply
Management module uses the CMOS linear voltage regulators of model RT9013.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201621365252.5U CN206272855U (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | Mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201621365252.5U CN206272855U (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | Mixed type remote-wireless sensor network system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110416733A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-11-05 | 华北水利水电大学 | Electromagnetic energy focus method and device under a kind of nlos environment |
| CN112235745A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-15 | 北京航空航天大学云南创新研究院 | Multi-layer distributed LoRa network based on channel subscription |
| CN113676694A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-19 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Conference integration system, gateway, wireless terminal and working state switching method |
-
2016
- 2016-12-13 CN CN201621365252.5U patent/CN206272855U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110416733A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-11-05 | 华北水利水电大学 | Electromagnetic energy focus method and device under a kind of nlos environment |
| CN110416733B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2021-04-20 | 华北水利水电大学 | Electromagnetic energy focusing method and device in non-line-of-sight environment |
| CN112235745A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-15 | 北京航空航天大学云南创新研究院 | Multi-layer distributed LoRa network based on channel subscription |
| CN112235745B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2023-03-31 | 北京航空航天大学云南创新研究院 | Multi-layer distributed LoRa network based on channel subscription |
| CN113676694A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-19 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Conference integration system, gateway, wireless terminal and working state switching method |
| CN113676694B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-12-20 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Conference integration system, gateway, wireless terminal and working state switching method |
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