CN106792461B - BLE-based relay concentrator and low-power topology networking method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a BLE-based relay concentrator, which is characterized by being provided with a host BLE terminal node circuit module and a slave BLE terminal node circuit module, wherein the host BLE terminal node circuit module is connected with the slave terminal node circuit module through an I2C bus so as to be favorable for directly connecting with a BLE node through one relay concentrator to read and write star-shaped topological data, and then forming tree-shaped topological data reading and writing with an upper computer through a plurality of relay concentrators so as to form large-scale data transmission, break through the upper limit of 8 slaves in the original networking, achieve the effects of low power consumption and long wireless transmission distance, and have the advantages of quick connection, high self-networking capability, electromagnetic interference resistance, accurate data transmission and the like.

Description

BLE-based relay concentrator and low-power topology networking method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of data acquisition systems, in particular to a BLE4.0-based relay concentrator and a low-power-consumption topology networking method.

Background technique

The traditional BLE4.0 Central-Peripheral communication method can only perform a single point-to-point transmission and a simple star topology connection, and in the connection process, it is necessary to perform "scanning-connection-pairing-binding-transmission- "Disconnect" is a cumbersome process, and in the process, there are prone to problems such as lack of scanning and too long response time for connection and pairing. And in the connection process of star topology, the master can only connect 8 slaves at most, which cannot realize large-scale networking. The other traditional BLE4.0 Observer-Broadcaster connection method, although no connection is required, cannot perform large-scale data transmission and collection.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a BLE-based relay concentrator and a low-power topology networking method with fast connection, large self-organizing network capability, anti-electromagnetic interference, and accurate data transmission.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

A BLE-based relay concentrator is characterized in that it is provided with a host BLE terminal node circuit module, a slave BLE terminal node circuit module and a power supply module, and the power supply modules are the host BLE terminal node circuit module and the slave BLE terminal respectively. The node circuit module is powered, the host BLE terminal node circuit module is connected with the slave BLE terminal node circuit module through the USB_P and USB_M ports, and communicates through the IIC mode, and the host BLE terminal node circuit module includes the CC2540 processor U5 , capacitors C29, C31, C33, C27, C25, C21, C22, C19, C17, C13, resistor R9, inductor L5, L7, L9, L11, crystal oscillator Y3, Y5, PCB antenna E2, among which U5, R9, C33 and The 32.768k crystal oscillator system composed of crystal oscillator Y5 and capacitors C29 and C31 and the 32M crystal oscillator system composed of crystal oscillator Y3, capacitors C27 and C25 together constitute the minimum working system of the single-chip microcomputer, that is, the circuit system required for the normal operation of the single-chip microcomputer CC2540. C17, C21, C22 and inductors L5, L7, L9, L11 form a Barents matching circuit, which is used to modulate the impedance matching of the transmitted and received signals, and the antenna E2 is responsible for the reception and transmission of the signal;

The slave BLE terminal node circuit module includes CC2540 processor U6, capacitors C30, C32, C34, C28, C26, C24, C23, C20, C18, C14, resistors R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, inductor L6, L8, L9, L12, crystal oscillator Y4, Y6, PCB antenna E3, LED indicators D5, D6, D7, D8, among which U6, R10, C34 and the 32.768k crystal oscillator system composed of crystal oscillator Y6 and capacitors C30, C32 and crystal oscillator Y4 , The 32M crystal oscillator system composed of capacitors C28 and C26 together constitutes the minimum working system of the single-chip microcomputer, that is, the circuit system required for the normal operation of the single-chip microcomputer CC2540. A matching circuit is used to modulate the impedance matching of the transmitted and received signals, and the antenna E2 is responsible for the reception and transmission of the signal. The resistors R11, R12, R13, R14 and the LED indicators D5, D6, D7, and D8 constitute the indicator system. It is used to display the working status of the repeater, so as to facilitate the formation of tree topology data reading and writing through several relay concentrators and the host computer, so as to form a large-scale data transmission, and then form a star through the relay concentrator and several BLE node devices. Shape topology data reading and writing, breaking through the upper limit of 8 slaves in the original network, omitting the unnecessary cumbersome process of "scanning-connecting-pairing-binding", reducing the connection time to 3ms, greatly reducing power consumption , and make the wireless transmission distance longer.

The relay concentrator of the present invention adopts a half-duplex working mode, so as to avoid electromagnetic interference between BLE nodes and achieve accurate data transmission.

The data packet information in the relay concentrator of the present invention is encapsulated with the ID number of the node and the header and tail, so as to facilitate the identification of the source of the information.

The power supply module of the present invention includes a DC voltage regulator chip AMS-1117 U4, tantalum capacitors C15 and C16, and an external power supply interface P1, wherein U4 is responsible for stepping down the external power supply to 3.3V, and C15 and C16 are used for voltage regulation.

A low-power topology networking method based on a BLE4.0 relay concentrator, characterized in that the networking method steps include using RSSI strength to determine the network topology structure and system data collection, and using RSSI strength to determine the network topology structure. The steps are as follows;

1) The host computer sends a search networking command to all data relay concentrators one by one by calling the protocol stack and blind connection, so as to save unnecessary cumbersome waiting time in the traditional BLE connection process;

2) After the data relay concentrator receives the search networking command, it starts to scan the slave and stores the read slave IEEE address and signal RSSI value;

3) The host computer reads the IEEE address and its signal RSSI value stored in the data relay concentrator one by one;

The host computer compares the read IEEE address of the BLE node with its own comparison table, maps it with the ID number in the database, and determines the unique relationship;

4) The host computer judges whether the IEEE address of the same BLE node appears in the data returned by different relay concentrators, and if so, judges which data relay concentrator returns a stronger RSSI value to ensure uniqueness ;

5) The host computer determines the affiliation between the BLE node and the data concentrator, maps the ID numbers of the BLE node and the data concentrator, builds a table, and completes the ad hoc network;

The steps of the system data collection are as follows:

1) The host computer determines the affiliation between the collected BLE terminal node and the data relay concentrator, and initiates a busy connection to one of the data relay concentrators;

2) The host computer issues a collection command to a data relay concentrator. The command includes the type of information to be collected, the number of nodes of the BLE terminal, and the IEEE address of the BLE terminal;

3) The data relay concentrator returns confirmation information to the upper computer;

4) The host computer is disconnected from the data relay centralized collector;

5) The upper computer repeats the process (1)-(4) in this step until the communication with the data relay concentrator to which all communication nodes belong to complete the acquisition command and release communication;

6) The data relay concentrator initiates a blind connection to one of the BLE terminal nodes;

7) The data relay concentrator issues a data collection command to the BLE terminal node;

8) The BLE terminal node replies with data, and the data contains its own BLE node ID number;

9) The data relay concentrator adds header and tail encapsulation to the reply data, and adds its own data collector ID number to the data;

10) The data relay concentrator is disconnected from the BLE terminal node;

11) The data relay concentrator repeats the process (6)-(10) in this step until the information collection of all BLE terminal nodes is completed;

12) The host computer initiates a blind connection to the data relay concentrator again;

13) The host computer issues a data return command to the data relay concentrator;

14) The data relay concentrator sends the collected data to the upper computer one by one;

15) The data relay concentrator sends the data transmission completion information to the upper computer;

16) The host computer is disconnected from the data relay concentrator;

17) The upper computer repeats the process (12)-(16) in this step until all data collection is completed.

The networking method of the present invention also includes a busy judgment mechanism for the data relay concentrator, and the steps are specifically:

1) The host computer initiates a connection with the data relay concentrator, and connects with the BLE slave part of the data relay concentrator;

2) After the connection is established, the BLE slave part of the data relay concentrator automatically communicates with the BLE master part of the data relay concentrator through the I2C bus to inquire about the working status of the host;

3) If the BLE host part of the data relay concentrator is busy, it will reply busy. If it is in normal working state, it will return to normal;

4) The BLE slave part of the data relay concentrator, after receiving the working status of the host, returns the working status of the host to the upper computer;

5) After the host computer receives the working status of the data relay concentrator, if the data relay concentrator is in a normal state, the data reading work will be carried out normally;

6) If the host computer receives that the working status of the data relay concentrator is busy, it will immediately disconnect and add a remark event;

7) After the communication between the host computer and other data relay concentrators is completed, check the remark event, and repeat the process (1)-(6) with the data relay concentrator whose communication has not been completed in the remark event;

8) If the host computer judges that a certain data relay concentrator is always in a busy state, it will issue an alarm to facilitate timely judgment of the normal use state of the relay concentrator.

Due to the adoption of the above structure and method, the present invention has the advantages of fast connection, large self-organizing network capability, anti-electromagnetic interference, accurate data transmission, and the like.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is an electrical schematic diagram of the relay concentrator of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the circuit module of the host BLE terminal node in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the circuit module of the slave BLE terminal node in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of RSSI strength judging to build a network topology.

Figure 5 is a flow chart of system data acquisition.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the busy judgment mechanism of the data relay concentrator.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in the drawings, a BLE-based relay concentrator is characterized in that it is provided with a host BLE terminal node circuit module 1, a slave BLE terminal node circuit module 2 and a power supply module 3, and the power supply module 3 is the host respectively. The BLE terminal node circuit module 1 and the slave BLE terminal node circuit module 2 are powered, and the host BLE terminal node circuit module 1 is connected to the slave BLE terminal node circuit module 2 through the USB_P and USB_M ports, and communicates by means of IIC , the host BLE terminal node circuit module includes CC2540 processor U5, capacitors C29, C31, C33, C27, C25, C21, C22, C19, C17, C13, resistor R9, inductor L5, L7, L9, L11, crystal oscillator Y3 , Y5, PCB antenna E2, of which U5, R9, C33 and the 32.768k crystal oscillator system composed of crystal oscillator Y5 and capacitors C29, C31 and the 32M crystal oscillator system composed of crystal oscillator Y3, capacitor C27, C25 constitute the minimum working system of the single-chip microcomputer, that is The circuit system required for the normal operation of the single-chip microcomputer CC2540 is composed of capacitors C13, C17, C21, C22 and inductors L5, L7, L9, L11 to form a Balents matching circuit, which is used to modulate the impedance matching of the transmitting and receiving signals, and is connected by the antenna E2 Responsible for the reception and transmission of signals;

The slave BLE terminal node circuit module includes CC2540 processor U6, capacitors C30, C32, C34, C28, C26, C24, C23, C20, C18, C14, resistors R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, inductor L6, L8, L9, L12, crystal oscillator Y4, Y6, PCB antenna E3, LED indicators D5, D6, D7, D8, among which U6, R10, C34 and the 32.768k crystal oscillator system composed of crystal oscillator Y6 and capacitors C30, C32 and crystal oscillator Y4 , The 32M crystal oscillator system composed of capacitors C28 and C26 together constitutes the minimum working system of the single-chip microcomputer, that is, the circuit system required for the normal operation of the single-chip microcomputer CC2540. A matching circuit is used to modulate the impedance matching of the transmitted and received signals, and the antenna E2 is responsible for the reception and transmission of the signal. The resistors R11, R12, R13, R14 and the LED indicators D5, D6, D7, and D8 constitute the indicator system. It is used to display the working status of the repeater, so as to facilitate the formation of tree topology data reading and writing through several relay concentrators and the host computer, so as to form a large-scale data transmission, and then form a star through the relay concentrator and several BLE node devices. Shape topology data reading and writing, breaking through the upper limit of 8 slaves in the original network, omitting the unnecessary cumbersome process of "scanning-connecting-pairing-binding", reducing the connection time to 3ms, greatly reducing power consumption , and make the wireless transmission distance longer.

The relay concentrator of the present invention adopts a half-duplex working mode, so as to avoid electromagnetic interference between BLE nodes and achieve accurate data transmission.

The data packet information in the relay concentrator of the present invention is encapsulated with the ID number of the node and the header and tail, so as to facilitate the identification of the source of the information.

The power supply module of the present invention includes a DC voltage regulator chip AMS-1117 U4, tantalum capacitors C15 and C16, and an external power supply interface P1, wherein U4 is responsible for stepping down the external power supply to 3.3V, and C15 and C16 are used for voltage regulation.

A low-power topology networking method based on a BLE4.0 relay concentrator, characterized in that the networking method steps include using RSSI strength to determine the network topology structure and system data collection, and using RSSI strength to determine the network topology structure. The steps are as follows;

1) The host computer sends a search networking command to all data relay concentrators one by one by calling the protocol stack and blind connection, so as to save unnecessary cumbersome waiting time in the traditional BLE connection process;

2) After the data relay concentrator receives the search networking command, it starts to scan the slave and stores the read slave IEEE address and signal RSSI value;

3) The host computer reads the IEEE address and its signal RSSI value stored in the data relay concentrator one by one;

The host computer compares the read IEEE address of the BLE node with its own comparison table, maps it with the ID number in the database, and determines the unique relationship;

4) The host computer judges whether the IEEE address of the same BLE node appears in the data returned by different relay concentrators, and if so, judges which data relay concentrator returns a stronger RSSI value to ensure uniqueness ;

5) The host computer determines the affiliation between the BLE node and the data concentrator, maps the ID numbers of the BLE node and the data concentrator, builds a table, and completes the ad hoc network;

The steps of the system data collection are as follows:

1) The host computer determines the affiliation between the collected BLE terminal node and the data relay concentrator, and initiates a blind connection to one of the data relay concentrators;

2) The host computer issues a collection command to a data relay concentrator. The command includes the type of information to be collected, the number of nodes of the BLE terminal, and the IEEE address of the BLE terminal;

3) The data relay concentrator returns confirmation information to the upper computer;

4) The host computer is disconnected from the data relay centralized collector;

5) The upper computer repeats the process (1)-(4) in this step until the communication with the data relay concentrator to which all communication nodes belong to complete the acquisition command and release communication;

6) The data relay concentrator initiates a blind connection to one of the BLE terminal nodes;

7) The data relay concentrator issues a data collection command to the BLE terminal node;

8) The BLE terminal node replies with data, and the data contains its own BLE node ID number;

9) The data relay concentrator adds header and tail encapsulation to the reply data, and adds its own data collector ID number to the data;

10) The data relay concentrator is disconnected from the BLE terminal node;

11) The data relay concentrator repeats the process (6)-(10) in this step until the information collection of all BLE terminal nodes is completed;

12) The host computer initiates a blind connection to the data relay concentrator again;

13) The host computer issues a data return command to the data relay concentrator;

14) The data relay concentrator sends the collected data to the upper computer one by one;

15) The data relay concentrator sends the data transmission completion information to the upper computer;

16) The host computer is disconnected from the data relay concentrator;

17) The upper computer repeats the process (12)-(16) in this step until all data collection is completed.

The networking method of the present invention also includes a busy judgment mechanism for the data relay concentrator, and the steps are specifically:

1) The host computer initiates a connection with the data relay concentrator, and connects with the BLE slave part of the data relay concentrator;

2) After the connection is established, the BLE slave part of the data relay concentrator automatically communicates with the BLE master part of the data relay concentrator through the I2C bus to inquire about the working status of the host;

3) If the BLE host part of the data relay concentrator is busy, it will reply busy. If it is in normal working state, it will return to normal;

4) The BLE slave part of the data relay concentrator, after receiving the working status of the host, returns the working status of the host to the upper computer;

5) After the host computer receives the working status of the data relay concentrator, if the data relay concentrator is in a normal state, the data reading work will be carried out normally;

6) If the host computer receives that the working status of the data relay concentrator is busy, it will immediately disconnect and add a remark event;

7) After the communication between the host computer and other data relay concentrators is completed, check the remark event, and repeat the process (1)-(6) with the data relay concentrator whose communication has not been completed in the remark event;

8) If the host computer judges that a certain data relay concentrator is always in a busy state, it will issue an alarm to facilitate timely judgment of the normal use state of the relay concentrator.

Due to the adoption of the above structure and method, the present invention has the advantages of fast connection, large self-organizing network capability, anti-electromagnetic interference, accurate data transmission, and the like.

Claims (1)

1. The BLE-based relay concentrator is characterized by comprising a host BLE terminal node circuit module, a slave BLE terminal node circuit module and a power supply module, wherein the power supply module is used for supplying power for the host BLE terminal node circuit module and the slave BLE terminal node circuit module respectively; the host BLE terminal node circuit module comprises a CC2540 processor U5, a capacitor C29, a capacitor C31, a capacitor C33, a capacitor C27, a capacitor C25, a capacitor C21, a capacitor C22, a capacitor C19, a capacitor C17, a capacitor C13, a resistor R9, an inductor L5, an inductor L7, an inductor L9, an inductor L11, a crystal oscillator Y3, a crystal oscillator Y5 and a PCB antenna E2; a 32 th pin of the CC2540 processor U5 is grounded through a capacitor C29, a 33 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C31, a 40 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C33, a 22 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C27, a 23 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C25, and a 30 th pin is grounded through a resistor R9; a crystal oscillator Y3 is connected between a 22 th pin and a 23 rd pin of a CC2540 processor U5, a crystal oscillator Y5 is connected between a 32 th pin and a 33 th pin of a CC2540 processor U5, a capacitor C17 and a capacitor C21 are connected in series, an inductor L9 and a capacitor C22 are connected in series, a 26 th pin of a CC2540 processor U5 is connected with a capacitor C21, a 25 th pin of a CC2540 processor U5 is connected with a capacitor C22, a node between the capacitor C17 and the capacitor C21 is grounded through an inductor L11, a node before the inductor L9 and the capacitor C22 is grounded through the capacitor C19, one end of the inductor L7 is simultaneously connected with the capacitor C17 and the inductor L9, the other end of the inductor L7 is connected with a PCB antenna E2 through an inductor L5, and a node between the inductor L7 and the inductor L5 is grounded through a capacitor C13; the slave BLE terminal node circuit module comprises a CC2540 processor U6, a capacitor C30, a capacitor C32, a capacitor C34, a capacitor C28, a capacitor C26, a capacitor C24, a capacitor C23, a capacitor C20, a capacitor C18, a capacitor C14, a resistor R10, an inductor L6, an inductor L8, an inductor L9, an inductor L12, a crystal oscillator Y4, a crystal oscillator Y6 and a PCB antenna E3, wherein a 32 th pin of a CC2540 processor U6 is grounded through a capacitor C30, a 33 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C32, a 40 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C34, a 22 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C28, a 23 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C26, and a 30 th pin is grounded through a resistor R10; a crystal oscillator Y4 is connected between a 22 th pin and a 23 rd pin of a CC2540 processor U6, a crystal oscillator Y6 is connected between a 32 th pin and a 33 th pin of a CC2540 processor U6, a capacitor C18 and a capacitor C23 are connected in series, an inductor L10 and a capacitor C24 are connected in series, a 26 th pin of a CC2540 processor U6 is connected with a capacitor C23, a 25 th pin of a CC2540 processor U6 is connected with a capacitor C24, a node between the capacitor C18 and the capacitor C23 is grounded through an inductor L12, a node before the inductor L10 and the capacitor C24 is grounded through the capacitor C20, one end of the inductor L8 is simultaneously connected with the capacitor C18 and the inductor L10, the other end of the inductor L8 is connected with a PCB antenna E3 through an inductor L6, and a node between the inductor L6 and the inductor L8 is grounded through a capacitor C14; the slave BLE terminal node circuit module comprises a CC2540 processor U, capacitors C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, resistor R, R, R, R, inductance L, L, L, crystal oscillator Y, Y, a PCB antenna E, LED indicator lamps D, D, D and D, wherein the U, R, C, a 32.768k crystal oscillator system formed by the crystal oscillator Y and the capacitors C and C, and a 32M crystal oscillator system formed by the crystal oscillator Y, the capacitors C and C together form a minimum working system of the singlechip, namely a circuit system required by the normal working of the singlechip CC2540, a balun matching circuit formed by the capacitors C, C, C and the inductors L, L, L and L is used for modulating impedance matching of transmitting and receiving signals, and an antenna E is used for receiving and transmitting signals, and the resistors R, R, R, R, R, R and LED indicator lamps D, D, D, D and D form an indicator lamp system, the relay is used for displaying the working state of the relay; the networking method comprises the steps of judging a networking topological structure and system data acquisition by adopting RSSI (received signal strength indicator) strength, wherein the step of judging the networking topological structure by adopting the RSSI strength is specifically;

1) the upper computer sends a searching networking command to all the data relay concentrators one by one in a mode of calling a protocol stack and blind connection;

2) after receiving the searching networking command, the data relay concentrator starts to scan the slave machines and stores the read IEEE addresses and signal RSSI values of the slave machines;

3) the upper computer reads the IEEE addresses and the signal RSSI values thereof stored in the data relay concentrator one by one;

the upper computer compares the read IEEE address of the BLE node with a comparison table of the upper computer, and maps the read IEEE address with the ID number in the database of the upper computer to determine a unique relationship;

4) the upper computer judges whether the IEEE address of the same BLE node appears in the data returned by different relay concentrators, and if yes, the upper computer judges which data relay concentrator has a stronger RSSI value returned, so that the uniqueness is ensured;

5) the upper computer determines the subordination relation between the BLE nodes and the data concentrator, maps ID numbers of the BLE nodes and the data concentrator, and establishes a table to complete the ad hoc network;

the system data acquisition steps are specifically as follows:

1) the upper computer determines the acquired subordination relation between the BLE terminal nodes and the data relay concentrators and initiates busy connection to one of the data relay concentrators;

2) the upper computer issues an acquisition command to a data relay concentrator, wherein the command comprises the type of information acquisition, the number of nodes of an acquired BLE terminal and the IEEE address of the acquired BLE terminal;

3) the data relay concentrator returns confirmation information to the upper computer;

4) the upper computer is disconnected with the data relay centralized collector;

5) the upper computer repeats the processes (1) to (4) in the steps until the upper computer completes acquisition command issuing communication with the data relay concentrators to which all the communication nodes belong;

6) the data relay concentrator initiates blind connection to one BLE terminal node;

7) the data relay concentrator issues a data acquisition command to the BLE terminal node;

8) the BLE terminal node replies data, wherein the data comprises the ID number of the BLE node;

9) the data relay concentrator adds header and trailer encapsulation to the replied data, and adds the ID number of the self data concentrator collector in the data;

10) the data relay concentrator is disconnected with the BLE terminal node;

11) the data relay concentrator repeats the processes from (6) to (10) in the step until the information acquisition of all BLE terminal nodes is completed;

12) the upper computer initiates blind connection to the data relay concentrator again;

13) the upper computer issues a data return command to the data relay concentrator;

14) the data relay concentrator sends the acquired data to the upper computer one by one;

15) the data relay concentrator sends data transmission completion information to the upper computer;

16) the upper computer is disconnected with the data relay concentrator;

17) the upper computer repeats the processes (12) - (16) in the step until all data are acquired;

the networking method also comprises a busy judgment mechanism of the data relay concentrator, and the steps are as follows:

1) the upper computer is connected with the data relay concentrator and connected with a BLE slave part of the data relay concentrator;

2) after the connection is established, the BLE slave part of the data relay concentrator automatically communicates with the BLE host part of the data relay concentrator through an I2C bus to inquire the working state of the host;

3) if the BLE host part of the data relay concentrator is busy, returning to busy;

4) the BLE slave part of the data relay concentrator restores the working state of the host to the upper computer after receiving the working state of the host;

5) after receiving the working state of the data relay concentrator, the upper computer normally reads data if the data relay concentrator is in a normal state;

6) if the upper computer receives that the working state of the data relay concentrator is busy, the connection is immediately disconnected, and a remarking event is added;

7) after the upper computer finishes communication with other data relay concentrators, checking the remark event, and repeating the processes from (1) to (6) with the data relay concentrator which is not finished in communication in the remark event;

8) if the upper computer judges that a certain data relay concentrator is always in a busy state, an alarm is sent out so as to be beneficial to judging the normal use state of the relay concentrator in time;

the relay concentrator adopts a half-duplex working mode;

and the data packet information in the relay concentrator is encapsulated by the ID number and the header and the tail of the node.

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