CN103596294A - Smart home wireless sensor network based on ZigBee - Google Patents
Smart home wireless sensor network based on ZigBee Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a smart home wireless sensor network based on the ZigBee. The smart home wireless sensor network comprises an embedded gateway, a mobile terminal device, a ZigBee personal area network and a bus switching module. The embedded gateway is connected to the Internet through a wireless hotspot and is mainly in charge of communication of the ZigBee personal area network and an external wide area network. The ZigBee personal area network mainly comprises ZigBee nodes, an interface switching module, a sensor and a home device. The ZigBee nodes comprise coordinators, route nodes and terminal nodes, and the nodes are in wireless network communication through the ZigBee2007/PRO protocol. Coordinator nodes are in charge of establishing the personal area network, maintaining network information and collecting sensor data collected by the terminal nodes or transmitted home device control instructions coming from the gateway. The smart home wireless sensor network based on the ZigBee can be widely applied to the fields of home security monitoring, home energy saving and home device smart control and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the sensor network technology field in household field, be specifically related to a kind of Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee.
Background technology
Intelligent domestic system is based on domestic environment, various sub-function module based on electronic technology, computer technology, the network communications technology and multimedia technology are combined, and formation a set of can provide the intelligent system in the living space of comfortable convenient, energy-saving safe.Intelligent domestic system is compared with traditional household, the long-distance intelligent that can realize kinsfolk and home room is mutual, user can understand domestic environment information in real time, Smart Home control centre can be according to user's habits and customs simultaneously, infer potential behavior and the demand of user, thereby user can be freed from loaded down with trivial details operation, enjoy the enjoyment of life to the full.
ZigBee is a kind of low rate wireless personal local area network technology based on IEEE802.15.4 agreement.Than Wi-Fi, BlueTooth and the Radio Transmission Technology such as IRDA is infrared, that ZigBee has is low in energy consumption, network capacity large, strong interference immunity and the feature such as self-organization is strong, thereby is applicable to data volume is little, transmission rate is low wireless sensor network and the field such as control automatically.
Research to the Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee, has had a lot of people to do the work of this respect.Through retrieval, learn, publication number is that the Chinese patent of CN102448194A discloses a kind of multimedia intelligent household network based on ZigBee, it comprises intelligent domestic gateway, ZigBee terminal and multimedia sensing node, by set up polytype sensor node at domestic environment, reach the object of supervision, control intelligent home device.But the ZigBee node of this patent is directly connected with various home equipments and transducer, and General adaptive is poor.For increasing or deleting that home equipment need to change whole ZigBee node, be unsuitable for actual domestic environment application.In addition, its gateway and remote computer, all with wired mode accessing Internet, do not meet mobile convenient real-time application characteristic.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will overcome the problem that prior art exists, overcome traditional intelligence house system operating process complexity, the poor problem of versatility, provide a kind of and can realize that home room environment information acquisition, house electric device intelligence are controlled, the function such as household objects management and house security monitoring, use that suitability is strong, the Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee of safe and convenient.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is specific as follows:
A Smart Home wireless sense network of ZigBee, comprising: embedded gateway, mobile terminal device, ZigBee territory net and bus switching module;
Embedded gateway and mobile terminal device are by wireless Wi-Fi or 3G broadband access the Internet;
ZigBee territory host will comprise: ZigBee node, interface interconnecting module, transducer and home equipment; ZigBee node comprises: telegon, routing node and terminal node, and described telegon and routing node, terminal node communicate according to Zigbee protocol; Described embedded gateway is connected with telegon by serial ports;
Described interface interconnecting module can be realized the electrical connection of ZigBee node and home equipment.
In technique scheme, described interface interconnecting module comprises: RS485 interconnecting module, infrared interconnecting module, transducer interconnecting module and less radio-frequency interconnecting module.
In technique scheme, the main control chip of ZigBee node is CC2530 chip, and described interface interconnecting module is connected by I/O interface with the main control chip of ZigBee node.
In technique scheme, described home equipment comprises: at least one item in electrically driven curtain, remote controlled lantern, water dispenser, air humidifier, intelligent television, ammeter, water meter and gas meter, flow meter.
In technique scheme, transducer interconnecting module can connecting sensor and the main control chip of ZigBee node;
The control command that less radio-frequency interconnecting module can send the main control chip of ZigBee node is gone out with the radio transmitting of 433MHz or 315MHz frequency, realizes the control to electrically driven curtain and remote controlled lantern;
The control command that infrared interconnecting module can send the main control chip of ZigBee node is launched by infraluminescence diode, realizes the control to water dispenser, air humidifier and intelligent television;
RS485 interconnecting module can be connected ammeter, water meter and the gas meter, flow meter with RS485 bus interface with ZigBee node.
In technique scheme, ZigBee territory net is with the form networking of MESH net topology, and the network degree of depth is 5, individual territory net No. ID 1607.
In technique scheme, ZigBee territory net is in networking process, and telegon records 16 short addresses of newly added node in every minor node adds the processing function of event, and utilizes short address and node to communicate.
In technique scheme, in the net of ZigBee territory, be provided with pressure, infrared, combustion gas and Smoke Sensor node, enter at ordinary times resting state, when triggering danger warning by external event, described sensor node can be waken up, and then warning message is passed to mobile terminal device.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee of the present invention, is used that suitability is strong, safe and convenient, can be widely used in home security monitoring, household is energy-conservation and the field such as home equipment Based Intelligent Control.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the Smart Home wireless sense network structural principle schematic block diagram based on ZigBee.
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of ZigBee node core board minimum system.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of various interconnecting modules.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of systems soft ware part.
Fig. 5 idiographic flow schematic diagram that to be telegon bind node number and short address.
Reference numeral in figure is expressed as:
C1 to C11: electric capacity; R1 to R10: resistance; Y1 to Y2: crystal oscillator;
L1 to L2: inductance; S1 is button; Antenna is the single-ended whip antenna of 2.4GHz; Q1 to Q2 is triode; D1 is infrared-emitting diode.
Embodiment
Invention thought of the present invention is:
Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee is mainly used in the fields such as domestic environment monitoring, home equipment Based Intelligent Control, house security warning.User can pass through the environmental information in mobile terminal device real time inspection family space, and under intelligent gateway auxiliary, quickly and easily home equipment is controlled alternately.In the situation that innings environment of being in is caused danger, the information that the comprehensive various transducers of gateway gather, makes preliminary judgement, and carries out early warning to user.
Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee is mainly comprised of embedded gateway, mobile terminal device and ZigBee territory net.Embedded gateway and mobile terminal device be by wireless Wi-Fi or 3G broadband access the Internet, realizes communicating by letter of ZigBee territory net and outside wide area network.ZigBee territory net increased various interface interconnecting module on the basis of traditional ZigBee node, transducer and home equipment.
Described mobile terminal refers to smart mobile phone or panel computer, and it must have function of surfing the Net, can pass through 3G network or hotspot accessing Internet.In addition smart mobile phone or panel computer should move Android operating system, so that operation intelligent household terminal interactive software is developed a kind of brief human-computer interaction interface, make user can operate more easily housed device.
Described embedded gateway CPU adopts the S3C6410 chip based on ARM1176JZF-S core, has powerful computing ability, and has lower power consumption, is applicable to mobile embedded type equipment.The memory space of embedded gateway comprises the Nand Flash read-only memory of 256M DDR random asccess memory and 1G, and concrete device model is: MT46V16M16CV and MT29F1G01.Its peripheral hardware comprises E2PROM, the backup button cell of 7 cun of LCD display, LVTTL serial ports, 100M standard ethernet card, Wi-Fi wireless network card, interrupt button, I2C interface.
Described ZigBee node main control chip adopts CC2530, and the ZigBee nucleus module consisting of its minimum system is connected with keyset by the I/O pin of expansion.Its minimum system comprises reset circuit, clock circuit, RF radio-frequency antenna circuit and power-supply system.
Described interconnecting module mainly comprises RS485 interconnecting module, infrared interconnecting module, less radio-frequency interconnecting module and transducer interconnecting module.RS485 interface interconnecting module is responsible for connecting the home equipment of ZigBee node and the various RS485 of meeting bus standards, mainly comprises long-range ammeter, gas meter, flow meter and water meter.By this module, the RS485 differential signal of home equipment is converted to the acceptable LVTTL level of ZigBee.Infrared interconnecting module mainly forms Darlington by two triodes manages, for infrared-emitting diode provides drive current.Less radio-frequency interconnecting module mainly connects the I/O pin of ZigBee node and the data pin of radiofrequency emitting module by 2.54mm spacing connector.The main connecting sensor of transducer interconnecting module and ZigBee node, for the transducer of digital signal output, keyset is connected to digital interface the I/O pin of ZigBee node; For the transducer of analog signal output, keyset need to provide signal amplification circuit, and for example optical sensor and pressure sensor are sent into the A/D collection pin of ZigBee node after need to amplifying signal.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is explained in detail:
Consult Fig. 1, the Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee is mainly comprised of embedded gateway, mobile terminal device and ZigBee territory net.ZigBee territory host will comprise: ZigBee node, interface interconnecting module, transducer and home equipment.ZigBee node comprises telegon, routing node and terminal node, realizes wireless networking communicate by letter between each node by ZigBee2007/PRO agreement.Coordinator node is responsible for setting up a territory net, maintaining network information and is converged route or sensing data that terminal node gathers or forward the home equipment control command from gateway.The main control chip of ZigBee node adopts CC2530, and the ZigBee nucleus module consisting of this chip minimum system is connected with keyset by the I/O pin of expansion.Transducer interconnecting module is responsible for the signal of processes sensor output, comprises amplification, filtering and level conversion.Home equipment interconnecting module is responsible for connecting ZigBee node and various home equipment, and connected mode comprises: infrared ray, 315/433MHz radio-frequency (RF) radio and RS485 bus.The home wireless Sensor Network of ZigBee can be widely used in home security monitoring, household is energy-conservation and the field such as home equipment Based Intelligent Control.
As shown in Figure 4, gateway hardware center adopts Tiny6410, control of intelligent terminal operating system is Android4.0.1, and cell server system is used Windows system and used Tomcat software to simulate, the intelligent domestic gateway software based on the exploitation of above-mentioned gateway hardware center.
Described intelligent domestic gateway software is achieved as follows function:
A. the effect of gateway is: 1. receive the order (http protocol) that intelligent terminal is sent, and for example, according to the different action of command execution: switch curtain, control air-conditioning and regulate indoor temperature; 2. receive the data of passing back by adjuster, and these data are recorded on the WEB server of gateway, so that intelligent terminal is accessed these data by http protocol; 3. receive the warning message that outside safety device is uploaded, and be uploaded in cell server.These warning messages that have been uploaded in cell server can be carried out poll to notify user by a process.
B. the effect of cell server is managing family Item Information and warning message: 1. receive the HTTP request that intelligent terminal sends, according to the parameter of importing into, the information relevant with article is deposited in database or by relevant information and revises or delete.With this, manage household objects information; 2. accept the Http request that gateway control center sends, and warning message is deposited in database.
C. the effect of control of intelligent terminal is: 1. control fitment, this realizes by send Http order to gateway control center; 2. obtain real time environment information, this is to realize by the environmental data of Http agreement download gateway control central store.
Consult Fig. 2, ZigBee node core board is mainly comprised of CC2530 chip and minimum system thereof.Minimum system comprises clock circuit, reset circuit and RF radio circuit.In Fig. 2, resistance R 2 and button S1 form reset circuit, press reset pin low level make cpu reset when button.Crystal oscillator Y1, Y2, C7 to C10 have formed clock circuit, and wherein Y1 is 32MHz crystal oscillator, for CC2530 provides the clock of normal operation, and the crystal oscillator that Y2 is 32.768KHz, its effect is when CC2530 enters low-power consumption mode, for CPU provides system clock.In Fig. 2, C2 to C6, L1, L2 and 2.4GHz antenna form RF radio circuit, the Ba Lun being wherein comprised of electric capacity and inductance can realize conversion mutually between differential signal and single-ended signal, because the single-ended antenna of coaxial cable adopting belongs to unbalanced line, therefore need this balun circuit that the high-frequency current that flows through cable shield crust from oscillator is blocked.In Fig. 2, I/O mouth P0, the P1 of CC2530 and P2 are connected to each interconnecting module by the double socket of 2.0mm spacing.In Fig. 2, R1 provides bias voltage for CC2530, and C1 is decoupling capacitor, and object is to improve power quality, reduces power supply noise.
In Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee of the present invention, inter-node communication mode is specially:
Because node is a lot, if send data to telegon simultaneously, easily cause channel to block up, cause network paralysis, take to reply formula communication here.During as needs temperature information, by telegon, to temperature acquisition node, send instruction, after node collection, send data to telegon, when not receiving acquisition, node is closed the power supply of peripheral circuit, and in listening state.
The idiographic flow that telegon is bound node number and short address is:
Because short address is that node adds Random assignment after network, fixing, for can be accurately and certain node communication, introduced node number, and when node adds network, at telegon, node number and short address have been bound, as shown in Figure 5, idiographic flow is as follows:
A) first coordinator node starts, initialization system, and then scanning channel is set up ZigBee-network.
B) each node starts successively and adds network to telegon request.
C) telegon distributes short address for request adds the node of network, and allows node to add network
D) each ZigBee node is received and is allowed the order that adds, triggers ZDO_STATE_CHANGE message, and at this moment each ZigBee node is sent to telegon by the node number of oneself and banner string
E) telegon is received after banner string, by the short address of data source nodes and node number binding.
Consult Fig. 3, interface interconnecting module mainly comprises RS485 interconnecting module, infrared interconnecting module, transducer interconnecting module and less radio-frequency interconnecting module.Wherein 433/315MHz radiating circuit adopts integration module, and it adopts 2.54mm pitch socket to be connected with keyset, and the I/O mouth of CC2530 connects the data input pin of transmitter module.Infrared interconnecting module Q1, Q2, D1 and R3 in Fig. 3 form, wherein Q1, Q2 form Darlington transistor, and for infrared transmitting tube, D1 provides drive current, and R3 is current-limiting resistance, mode electric current is excessive and cause emitting diode to burn, and the base stage of Q1 is connected to the I/O pin P0_5 of CC2530.RS485 bus switching function is mainly completed by chip MAX3485 chip, it can be converted to the differential signal that meets RS485 bus the signal of LVTTL standard, RS485_A and RS485_B are connected to home equipments such as the ammeter of RS485 bus, water meter and gas meter, flow meters, and the RO of MAX3485 and DI are connected respectively on the RX and TX of CC2530.In Fig. 3, U3 is Smoke Sensor MQ-2 or gas security MQ-9, and the output of transducer is connected to the I/O pin of CC2530, and when causing danger, the level of this pin changes.In Fig. 3, U4, U5 have formed optical sensor keyset, and U4 is single supply operational amplifier TLV2370, and U5 is silicon photocell BPW34S, and the signal of its output amplifies amplifier after twice, and the P0_0 pin that is connected to CC2530 carries out AD collection.In Fig. 3, U6 is pressure sensor FSG-1500g, and the differential amplifier circuit that the differential signal of its output forms through amplifier U7 is sent into CC2530 after amplifying 10 times and carried out AD collection.
In Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee of the present invention, infrared interconnecting module adopts the principle of study remote controller to be: utilize integrated adapter, by the infrared remote-controlled signal demodulation of receiving out, then utilize single-chip microcomputer to record the time of low and high level, finally pattern is stored.Keyset is connected by IO pin with ZigBee node core board, when ZigBee node will be controlled certain infrared equipment, control command is sent to keyset, keyset is inquired about corresponding pattern in memory space, and utilize infrared transmitting circuit to send, realize the control to infrared remote control household electrical appliances.Wireless remote control interconnecting module is with infrared interconnecting module, and different is that it utilizes different demodulator circuit demodulates radio signals, then utilizes single-chip microcomputer record and storage.
Interface interconnecting module can be the level standards such as conventional RS485, RS232, RS422 by the LVTTL level conversion of ZigBee node core board, the communication interface of a lot of electric equipments of cause is above-mentioned three kinds, therefore can realize the electrical connection of ZigBee node core board and home equipment.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example is clearly described, and the not restriction to execution mode.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without also giving all execution modes.And the apparent variation of being extended out thus or change are still among the protection range in the invention.
Claims (8)
1. the Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee, is characterized in that, comprising: embedded gateway, mobile terminal device, ZigBee territory net and bus switching module;
Embedded gateway and mobile terminal device are by wireless Wi-Fi or 3G broadband access the Internet;
ZigBee territory host will comprise: ZigBee node, interface interconnecting module, transducer and home equipment; ZigBee node comprises: telegon, routing node and terminal node, and described telegon and routing node, terminal node communicate according to Zigbee protocol; Described embedded gateway is connected with telegon by serial ports;
Described interface interconnecting module can be realized the electrical connection of ZigBee node and home equipment.
2. the Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described interface interconnecting module comprises: RS485 interconnecting module, infrared interconnecting module, transducer interconnecting module and less radio-frequency interconnecting module.
3. the Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the main control chip of ZigBee node is CC2530 chip, and described interface interconnecting module is connected by I/O interface with the main control chip of ZigBee node.
4. the Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
Described home equipment comprises: at least one item in electrically driven curtain, remote controlled lantern, water dispenser, air humidifier, intelligent television, ammeter, water meter and gas meter, flow meter.
5. the Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee according to claim 4, is characterized in that,
Transducer interconnecting module can connecting sensor and the main control chip of ZigBee node;
The control command that less radio-frequency interconnecting module can send the main control chip of ZigBee node is gone out with the radio transmitting of 433MHz or 315MHz frequency, realizes the control to electrically driven curtain and remote controlled lantern;
The control command that infrared interconnecting module can send the main control chip of ZigBee node is launched by infraluminescence diode, realizes the control to water dispenser, air humidifier and intelligent television;
RS485 interconnecting module can be connected ammeter, water meter and the gas meter, flow meter with RS485 bus interface with ZigBee node.
6. according to the Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that,
ZigBee territory net is with the form networking of MESH net topology, and the network degree of depth is 5, individual territory net No. ID 1607.
7. according to the Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that,
ZigBee territory net is in networking process, and telegon records 16 short addresses of newly added node in every minor node adds the processing function of event, and utilizes short address and node to communicate.
8. according to the Smart Home wireless sense network based on ZigBee described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that,
In the net of ZigBee territory, be provided with pressure, infrared, combustion gas and Smoke Sensor node, enter at ordinary times resting state, when triggering danger warning by external event, described sensor node can be waken up, and then warning message is passed to mobile terminal device.
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