CN106777610A - Oil-filled transformer oil-paper resistivity inversion method based on Newton-Laphson method - Google Patents
Oil-filled transformer oil-paper resistivity inversion method based on Newton-Laphson method Download PDFInfo
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- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of oil-filled transformer oil-paper resistivity inversion methods based on Newton-Laphson method, including step：Step 1, the respectively overall N group stable insulation resistance actual values R of measuring transformer under N kind pressuring methodsjr, it is considered to oil-paper basic structure, oil-paper is divided into N number of inverting region；Step 2, the FEM model of inside transformer insulation system is set up using FInite Element, is input with the resistivity of each inverting region oil-paper, and FEM calculation is carried out based on FEM model, builds the corresponding stable insulation resistance calculations model of each pressuring method；Step 3, according to transformer oil resistivity and the actual value of N group stable insulation resistance, based on stable insulation resistance calculations model, inverting is carried out using Newton-Laphson method to the resistivity of each inverting region oil-paper.The present invention can avoid the inconvenience of sampling and measuring and the damage to transformer insulation structure, while can also obtain the aging area distribution of oil-paper.
Description
Technical field
Ox is based on the present invention relates to a kind of oil-immersed power transformer paper oil insulation state estimation technology, more particularly to one kind
- the oil-filled transformer oil-paper resistivity inversion method of the inferior method of pressgang.
Background technology
Inside transformer insulating materials mainly has two types：Liquid insulating material (transformer oil) and solid insulating material
(oil-paper).With long term high temperature, the effect of hyperbaric environment, insulating materials can gradually occur aging, every material parameter, such as electricity
Resistance rate etc. can also change therewith.Its ageing state thus can be reflected with parameters such as resistivity.Transformer oil is due to it
Fluid behaviour, material parameter is distributed than more uniform, its insulation characterisitic can be measured by direct sample.Solid insulation material
Expect that, used as the weak link of transformer interior insulation, generally its deterioration all occurs in regional area, direct sample is measured not
Only process is cumbersome, there is damage to insulation system, and sampling cost is high, and there is certain dispersiveness, it is difficult to obtain different zones
Aging characteristics.
Technology of numerical simulation can be realized with electric parameters such as the resistivity of insulating materials as input quantity, based on corresponding number
Value model, simulation calculation is carried out to measurable electrical quantity such as the stable insulation resistance of transformer.Especially finite element method, by
It is good in its adaptability to complex model, can preferably realize the simulation analysis of inside transformer insulation system.Due to transformer
Oily resistivity and transformer stable insulation resistance value are all the electrical quantity being convenient for measuring, and the resistivity of each region oil-paper with it is whole
It is dull continuous relation between the stable insulation resistance of body, therefore oil-paper electricity can be set up by finite element numerical model
Resistance and the relation of transformer stable insulation resistance, the resistivity of oil-paper is obtained by iterative inversion.
According to the design feature of transformer, stable insulation resistance more than three classes, their measurement process can be at least obtained
In pressuring method include：High pressure winding pressurizes, and low pressure winding and casing are grounded；Low pressure winding pressurization, high pressure winding and casing
Ground connection；High-low pressure winding pressurizes simultaneously, casing ground connection etc..And the resistivity of each region oil-paper to different pressurized conditions under it is steady
Determine insulaion resistance contribution to be not quite similar, therefore can be realized to different zones oil-paper resistivity according to multigroup stable insulation resistance
Inverting.
Newton-Raphson approach obtains Nonlinear System of Equations by the way that nonlinear problem is linearized by successive ignition
Solution, the characteristics of with iteration efficiency high, and suitable for the iterative of nonlinear multivariable equation.Thus for different zones oil immersion
The iterative inversion of paper resistivity, Newton-Raphson approach is a kind of more suitable method.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of oil-filled transformer oil-paper resistivity inversion based on Newton-Raphson approach
Method, using the present invention can inverting obtain different inverting regions oil-paper resistivity.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
Oil-filled transformer oil-paper resistivity inversion method based on Newton-Raphson approach, including step：
Step 1, divides inverting region：
According to each position of oil-paper to the influence degree of electric field, oil-paper is artificially divided into some inverting regions, will be anti-
Drill region quantity and be designated as N；The overall N group stable insulation resistance actual values R of measuring transformer under N kind making alive modesjr, Rjr
The stable insulation resistance actual value measured under expression jth kind making alive mode, j=1,2 ... N；
Step 2, sets up the corresponding stable insulation resistance calculations model of each making alive mode：
The FEM model of inside transformer insulation system is set up using FInite Element, with the oil-paper electricity in each inverting region
Resistance rate is independent variable, with the overall stable insulation resistance of transformer as dependent variable, is carried out respectively under each making alive mode limited
Unit calculates, and builds the numerical relation model between the oil-paper resistivity and stable insulation resistance in each inverting region, i.e. stable insulation
Resistance calculations model, wherein, transformer oil resistivity is used as preset parameter；
Step 3, using the oil-paper resistivity in each inverting region of Newton-Raphson approach inverting：
According to transformer oil resistivity and the actual value of N group stable insulation resistance, based on stable insulation resistance calculations model,
Inverting is carried out to the resistivity of each inverting region oil-paper using Newton-Raphson approach, following sub-step is specifically included：
3.1 set the preliminary oil-paper resistivity in each inverting region：
By inverting region 1, inverting region 2 ... the oil-paper resistivity of inverting region N is designated as ρ respectively1、ρ2、…ρN, it is right
The preliminary oil-paper resistivity answered is designated as ρ respectively10、ρ20、…ρN0；
3.2 calculate the preliminary corresponding stable insulation resistance theoretical value of oil-paper resistivity：
According to transformer oil resistivity actual value, with reference to stable insulation resistance calculations model, under each making alive mode, point
The corresponding stable insulation resistance theoretical value R of current oil-paper resistivity is not calculated1c、R2c、…RNc；Current oil-paper resistivity
Initial value is the preliminary oil-paper resistivity that sub-step 3.1 is set；
3.3 calculate stable insulation resistance theoretical value R respectivelyjcWith corresponding stable insulation resistance actual value RjrIt is relative by mistake
Difference εjIf, all relative error εjRespectively less than default termination error threshold εstop, then current oil-paper resistivity is final oil
Impregnated paper resistivity, terminates；Otherwise, sub-step 3.4 is performed；
3.4 couples of each Rjc, R is calculated respectivelyjcEach inverting region current oil-paper resistivity neighborhood to each inverting region
Oil-paper resistivity partial derivative, with gained partial derivative as element build size as N × Jacobian matrix of N；
With R1c(ρ10、ρ20、…ρN0) in (ρ10,ρ20,...ρN0) nearby to ρ1Partial derivative as a example by this sub-step is said
It is bright：
Keep ρ1The oil-paper resistivity in other outer inverting regions is constant, makes ρ1There are Tiny increment dt δ ρ1, inverting region 1 is set
Oil-paper resistivity be ρ10+δρ1, recalculate R1c(ρ10+δρ1、ρ20、…ρN0)。R1c(ρ10+δρ1、ρ20、...ρN0) represent each
The oil-paper resistivity in inverting region is respectively ρ10+δρ1、ρ20、…ρN0When, using sub-step 3.2 obtained the 1st in making alive
Stable insulation resistance theoretical value under mode.R1c(ρ10、ρ20、…ρN0) represent that the oil-paper resistivity in each inverting region is distinguished
ρ10、ρ20、…ρN0When, using the stable insulation resistance theoretical value under the 1st kind of making alive mode that sub-step 3.2 is obtained.
By formula (1) approximate calculation R1c(ρ10、ρ20、…ρN0) in (ρ10,ρ20,...ρN0) nearby to ρ1Partial derivative
Build following Jacobian matrix J：
3.5 according to the correction amount ρ of each inverting region oil-paper resistivity1、Δρ2、…ΔρNWith between Jacobian matrix J
Relation, computed correction；Δρ1、Δρ2、…ΔρNRepresent respectively inverting region 1, inverting region 2 ... the oil of inverting region N
Impregnated paper resistivity correction.
Correction amount ρ1、Δρ2、…ΔρNThere is following relation between Jacobin matrix J：
In formula (3), Δ Rj=Rjr-Rjc, j=1,2 ... N；
According to formula (3), correction is solved：
The 3.6 current oil-paper electricity for correcting each inverting region respectively using the oil-paper resistivity correction in each inverting region
Resistance rate, using revised oil-paper resistivity as current oil-paper resistivity, performs sub-step 3.2.
In step 1, pressuring method is 1. high pressure winding pressurization, and low pressure winding and casing are grounded；2. low pressure winding pressurization, it is high
Pressure winding and casing ground connection；And 3. one or more in the pressurization simultaneously of high-low pressure winding, casing ground connection.
In step 2, stable insulation resistance calculations model is built respectively under each making alive mode, specially：
A series of oil-paper resistivity, a series of combined oil-paper resistivity of acquisition are respectively provided with to each inverting region
Group, described oil-paper resistivity group is made up of the oil-paper resistivity value in N number of inverting region；In each oil-paper resistivity group
Under, the potential value of node is obtained using FEM calculation under current power pressure mode, according to the potential value and note of node
Enter Current calculation stable insulation resistance value；It is exhausted according to the stabilization calculated under each oil-paper resistivity group and each oil-paper resistivity group
Edge resistance value, builds the numerical relation model of the corresponding oil-paper resistivity of current power pressure mode and stable insulation resistance, i.e.,
Stable insulation resistance calculations model.
Compared to the prior art, the present invention has following features：
In oil-immersed power transformer running, oil-paper, can be gradually aging in long-term high temperature and high pressure environment, its
Resistivity gradually changes also with ageing process.Due to the solid property of oil-paper, its ageing state shows spatial distribution,
Therefore the resistivity of oil-paper different zones is also not quite similar.Its ageing state is assessed when parameter is characterized with oil-paper resistivity
When, not only process is cumbersome for direct sample measurement, there is damage to insulation system, and sampling cost is high, and there is certain dispersiveness,
It is difficult to obtain the aging characteristics of different zones.
For the aging spatial distribution of oil-paper, stable insulation resistance and transformer oil electricity of the present invention according to transformer
Resistance rate, can be finally inversed by the oil-paper resistivity in different inverting regions.One aspect of the present invention can avoid the inconvenience of sampling and measuring
And the damage to transformer insulation structure, on the other hand the old of oil-paper can be judged according to the resistivity of different zones oil-paper
Change region and degree of aging.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the idiographic flow schematic diagram of the inventive method；
Fig. 2 is the FEM model set up in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment is implemented premised on technical solution of the present invention, gives detailed implementation method and specific behaviour
Make process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
By taking certain 110kV oil-filled transformer as an example, the refutation process of its oil-paper resistivity is illustrated, stable insulation resistance,
The actual value and termination error threshold ε of transformer oil resistivity and oil-paper resistivitystopIt is shown in Table 1.
Each electric parameter actual value of table 1
The present embodiment is comprised the following steps that：
In step (1), three groups of pressuring methods according to table 1, with reference to inside transformer insulation system feature, by transformation
Device inside oil-paper is divided into 3 inverting regions：
Inverting region 1：Low pressure winding surface oil-paper, and the cardboard between low pressure winding and iron core, the inverting region
Resistivity is designated as ρ1；
Inverting region 2：Cardboard and square ring between high-low pressure winding, the resistivity in the inverting region are designated as ρ2；
Inverting region 3：Cardboard between the oil-paper of high pressure winding and electrostatic ring surface, and high pressure winding and casing,
The resistivity in the inverting region is designated as ρ3。
In step (2), according to inside transformer structure, having for inside transformer insulation system is set up using finite element software
Limit meta-model, is shown in Fig. 2.FEM model includes the basic structure inside winding, oil duct, cardboard, the isallobaric device of electrostatic ring.With each
The oil-paper resistivity in inverting region is input quantity, and finite element simulation calculation is carried out based on FEM model, sets up each making alive
Stable insulation resistance calculations model under mode.
The specific implementation of this step is：
According to specific making alive mode, the current potential of coupled high voltage part conductive surface node injects 1A electric currents to node.
The grounded part such as other non-pressurised windings and casing, iron core loads 0 current potential.The current potential number on node is obtained by FEM calculation
Value, its numerical value is stable insulation resistance value.According to oil-paper resistivity and corresponding stable insulation resistance value, build and making alive
The corresponding stable insulation resistance calculations model of mode.
In the sub-step 3.1 of step (3), three provisional value ρ of inverting region oil-paper resistivity are set10、ρ20、ρ30
It is 1 × 1011Ω·m.In the sub-step 3.2 of step (3), provisional value ρ10、ρ20、ρ30Stabilization under corresponding each making alive mode
Insulaion resistance theoretical value is shown in Table 2：
The provisional value ρ of table 210、ρ20、ρ30Corresponding insulaion resistance theoretical value (unit：Ω)
| R1c | R2c | R3c |
| 2.1445×109 | 2.7247×109 | 2.0566×109 |
In the sub-step 3.3 of step (3), each stable insulation resistance theoretical value is relative with actual value under each making alive mode
Error is shown in Table 3.
Relative error (the unit of the stable insulation resistance of table 3：%)
| ε1 | ε2 | ε3 |
| 81.59 | 66.97 | 59.31 |
Each relative error is all higher than terminating threshold epsilonstop, continue executing with sub-step 3.4.
In the sub-step 3.4 of step (3), individually make ρ1、ρ2、ρ3In (ρ10,ρ20,ρ30) nearby there are a Tiny increment dt δ ρ10、
δρ20、δρ30, three groups of stable insulation resistance values in the case of correspondence are calculated, it is shown in Table 4.Here Tiny increment dt takes 0.5%.
Stable insulation resistance calculations value (Ω) under the different inverting region oil-paper resistivity of table 4
| ρ10+δρ10,ρ20,ρ30 | ρ10,ρ20+δρ20,ρ30 | ρ10,ρ20,ρ30+δρ30 | |
| R1c | 2.1445×109 | 2.1448×109 | 2.1446×109 |
| R2c | 2.7248×109 | 2.7252×109 | 2.7247×109 |
| R3c | 2.0567×109 | 2.0567×109 | 2.0567×109 |
Using above-mentioned result of calculation, Jacobian matrix is calculated using formula (1)：
In step (3) sub-step 3.5, the correction amount ρ of each inverting region oil-paper resistivity is calculated using formula (4)i,
It is shown in Table 5.
Correction (the unit of the different inverting region oil-paper resistivity of table 5：Ω·m)
| Δρ1 | Δρ2 | Δρ3 |
| -1.0564×1013 | 8.4340×1012 | 1.3964×1013 |
Using correction amount ρiEach inverting region oil-paper resistivity is modified, wherein due to Δ ρ1<0, here artificially
It is 1 × 10 to set iteration lower limit9Ω·m.Each inverting region oil-paper resistivity is shown in Table 6 after amendment.
The different revised oil-paper resistivity (Ω m) in inverting region of table 6
| ρ10 | ρ20 | ρ30 |
| 1×109 | 8.534×1012 | 1.406×1013 |
ρ in each iteration10、ρ20、ρ30And relative error ε1、ε2、ε3It is shown in Table 7.
Parameter and result of calculation used by 7 each iteration of table
According to iterative calculation result, it is the final oil-paper resistrivity meter tried to achieve in the case of 0.1% to terminate error threshold
Calculation value is as follows：
Inverting region 1：2.810×1012Ω·m；
Inverting region 2：1.034×1014Ω·m；
Inverting region 3：1.298×1013Ω·m。
As can be seen that only having carried out 12 iteration just obtains result of the stable insulation resistance relative error below 0.1%.
Although with the presence of the different oil-paper of degree of aging in each inverting region, resistivity is averaged to a certain extent, still
Can be with the aging conditions of oil-paper in each inverting region of significant reaction.Particularly in inverting region 2 and inverting region 3 resistivity with
Difference is smaller between the cardboard resistivity of setting, illustrates that the present invention has the degree of accuracy higher.
It is to illustrate this patent described in above-described embodiment, though illustrated by specific term in text, not
The protection domain of this patent can be limited with this, being familiar with the personage of this technical field can be right after the spiritual and principle for understanding this patent
It is changed or is changed and reach equivalent purpose, and this equivalent change and modification, should all be covered by right institute circle
Determine in category.
Claims (5)
1. the oil-filled transformer oil-paper resistivity inversion method of Newton-Raphson approach is based on, it is characterized in that, including step：
Step 1, according to each position of oil-paper to the influence degree of electric field, is artificially divided into some inverting regions by oil-paper, will
Inverting region quantity is designated as N；The overall N group stable insulation resistance actual values R of measuring transformer under N kind making alive modesjr,
RjrThe stable insulation resistance actual value measured under expression jth kind making alive mode, j=1,2 ... N；
Step 2, the FEM model of inside transformer insulation system is set up using FInite Element, with the oil-paper in each inverting region
Resistivity is independent variable, with the overall stable insulation resistance of transformer as dependent variable, is had respectively under each making alive mode
Limit unit calculates, and builds the numerical relation model between the oil-paper resistivity and stable insulation resistance in each inverting region, that is, stablize exhausted
Edge resistance calculations model, wherein, transformer oil resistivity is used as preset parameter；
Step 3, using the oil-paper resistivity in each inverting region of Newton-Raphson approach inverting, this step is further included：
3.1 set the preliminary oil-paper electricalresistivityρ in each inverting regioni0, ρi0It is the preliminary oil-paper resistance in i-th inverting region
Rate, i=1,2 ... N；
3.2 according to the actual value of transformer oil resistivity, with reference to stable insulation resistance calculations model, under each making alive mode point
The corresponding stable insulation resistance theoretical value R of current oil-paper resistivity is not calculatedjc, RjcIt is steady under expression jth kind making alive mode
Determine insulaion resistance theoretical value, j=1,2 ... N；
3.3 calculate stable insulation resistance theoretical value R respectivelyjcWith corresponding stable insulation resistance actual value RjrRelative error, if
All relative errors are respectively less than default termination error threshold, and current oil-paper resistivity is final oil-paper resistivity, knot
Beam；Otherwise, sub-step 3.4 is performed；
3.4 according to stable insulation resistance theoretical value RjcSet up Jacobian matrix J；
3.5 according to the correction amount ρ of each inverting region oil-paper resistivityiWith the relation of Jacobian matrix J, correction amount is solved
ρi, Δ ρiRepresent i-th oil-paper resistivity correction in inverting region；
3.6 using correction amount ρiThe current oil-paper resistivity in each inverting region is corrected respectively, with revised oil-paper resistance
Rate performs sub-step 3.2 as current oil-paper resistivity.
2. the oil-filled transformer oil-paper resistivity inversion methods of Newton-Raphson approach are based on as claimed in claim 1, its
It is characterized in：
Described making alive mode is 1. high pressure winding pressurization, and low pressure winding and casing are grounded；2. low pressure winding pressurization, high voltage winding
Group and casing are grounded；And 3. one or more in the pressurization simultaneously of high-low pressure winding, casing ground connection.
3. the oil-filled transformer oil-paper resistivity inversion methods of Newton-Raphson approach are based on as claimed in claim 1, its
It is characterized in：
In step 2, stable insulation resistance calculations model is built respectively under each making alive mode, specially：
A series of oil-paper resistivity, a series of combined oil-paper resistivity groups of acquisition, institute are respectively provided with to each inverting region
The oil-paper resistivity group stated is made up of the oil-paper resistivity value in N number of inverting region；Under each oil-paper resistivity group, working as
The potential value of node is obtained under preceding making alive mode using FEM calculation, potential value and Injection Current meter according to node
Calculate stable insulation resistance value；According to the stable insulation resistance calculated under each oil-paper resistivity group and each oil-paper resistivity group
Value, builds the numerical relation model of the corresponding oil-paper resistivity of current power pressure mode and stable insulation resistance, that is, stablize exhausted
Edge resistance calculations model.
4. the oil-filled transformer oil-paper resistivity inversion methods of Newton-Raphson approach are based on as claimed in claim 1, its
It is characterized in：
Sub-step 3.4 is specially：
To each Rjc, R is calculated respectivelyjcEach inverting region current oil-paper resistivity neighborhood to the oil-paper in each inverting region
The partial derivative of resistivity, with gained partial derivative as element build size as N × Jacobian matrix of N.
5. the oil-filled transformer oil-paper resistivity inversion methods of Newton-Raphson approach are based on as claimed in claim 4, its
It is characterized in：
Calculate RjcEach inverting region current oil-paper resistivity neighborhood to the inclined of the oil-paper resistivity in each inverting region
Derivative, specially：
Oil-paper resistivity to each inverting region is carried out respectively：
Making the current oil-paper resistivity in i-th inverting region has a Tiny increment dt δ ρi, while keeping the current of other inverting regions
Oil-paper resistivity is constant；Stable insulation resistance theoretical value is recalculated under jth kind making alive mode using sub-step 3.2
Rjc'；Rjc' and RjcDifference and Tiny increment dt δ ρiRatio be RjcTo the inclined of i-th current oil-paper resistivity in inverting region
Derivative.
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| CN111983403A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-24 | 西南大学 | Method for analyzing dielectric characteristics of composite insulation structure by adopting reverse finite element technology |
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