CN106772038A - Synchronous generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on twin-screw - Google Patents
Synchronous generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on twin-screw Download PDFInfo
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- CN106772038A CN106772038A CN201611156382.2A CN201611156382A CN106772038A CN 106772038 A CN106772038 A CN 106772038A CN 201611156382 A CN201611156382 A CN 201611156382A CN 106772038 A CN106772038 A CN 106772038A
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- screw rod
- synchronous generator
- interturn short
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/346—Testing of armature or field windings
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of synchronous generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on twin-screw, it is separated by 2 core through screw rod of integral multiple pole span including being chosen on synchronous generator stator iron core, one section of core through screw rod is respectively taken, measurement line is outwards drawn by the intersegmental gap of stator core.In synchronous generator running, 2 sections of output voltages of core through screw rod are added or made the difference by 2 sections of output voltages of core through screw rod of online acquisition, when result exceeds given threshold, judge that the synchronous generator has rotor interturn short-circuit failure.The present invention can improve the deficiencies in the prior art, improve the diagnostic level of such failure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of generators, especially a kind of synchronous generator rotor winding inter-turn based on twin-screw
Short-circuit diagnostic method.
Background technology
Rotor interturn short-circuit failure is the most common failure of synchronous generator, and the further deterioration of the failure is likely to result in
Synchronous generator machine vibration aggravates, or even the problems such as cause rotor one point to ground fault, 2 points of rotor ground connection, loss of excitation and main shaft's magnetizing.
Therefore, the rotor interturn short-circuit failure of synchronous generator should cause enough attention, same using the detection of inline diagnosis method
Step generator rotor interturn short-circuit failure is following development trend.
The synchronous generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit on-line fault diagnosis method having pointed out at present mainly has：Search coil
Method, exciting current method, stator winding parallel branches circulating current method, fictitious power method, desired potential method, stator search coil method, axle electricity
Platen press and the logical method of brow leakage etc..Some of them detection method is to rely on the accurate measurement of exciting current, such as exciting current
Method, fictitious power method and desired potential method etc..However, for brushless excitation synchronous generator, exciting current is accurately to measure
, therefore these methods are not suitable for brushless excitation synchronous generator.Some detection methods have sensitivity higher in theory, such as
Logical method of stator winding parallel branches circulating current method, stator search coil method, shaft voltage method and brow leakage etc., but practicality is poor.
For stator winding parallel branches circulating current method, due to current sync generator (particularly steam turbine generator) each phase winding of stator
Parallel branch is fitted without independent current transformer, is only mounted with to measure the transformer of phase current, stator winding parallel branch
Ring current method does not possess the condition of gathered data, it is impossible to put into practical application；Stator search coil method is needed in generator unit stator groove
It is middle to place large-sized search coil, the insulation of stator winding may be jeopardized, reliability and security are to need to solve first
Problem.Shaft voltage method needs to install shaft-voltage measurement carbon brush at generator two ends, due to carbon brush and the contact reliability of big axle
It is poor, collection signal quality is have impact on, current rare application.The logical method of brow leakage will install magnetic on generator end leakage magnetic circuit
Logical detection coil (being punched typically on upper and lower end cap faying face), has no the trial of this respect at present.In addition, it has been suggested that
The sensitivity of line detecting method and reliability are generally relatively low, and the detectability for slight rotor interturn short-circuit failure has
Limit.By taking search coil method as an example, the method is by detecting rotor of steam turbo generator notch leakage magnetic flux variation diagnostic rotor windings circle
Between short trouble, detection sensitivity of the method when generator loading runs drastically decline, it is difficult to delicately find rotor around
Group shorted-turn fault.
In online test method set forth above, many methods are only applicable to steam turbine generator, are not particularly suited for water wheels
Generator.Because：Hydrogenerator number of pole-pairs is up to tens of to pole, and rotating speed is low, and bulk is big, the branch of stator winding
It is more.There is shorted-turn fault to local related electric amount is influenceed in the rotor windings of a certain magnetic pole, to whole generator
Influence is relatively small, therefore, exciting current method, fictitious power method, desired potential method, shaft voltage method and brow leakage etc. are difficult sensitive
Detect the rotor interturn short-circuit failure of hydrogenerator.The rotor of hydrogenerator is salient-pole structure, and winding is collection
Chinese style, the search coil method that steam turbine generator is most frequently with is not suitable for hydrogenerator yet, because search coil is only capable of detection
The leakage magnetic flux concentrated at rotor notch, it is impossible to detect the distributed main flux of hydrogenerator.
In a word, although being attached great importance to the rotor interturn short-circuit fault diagnosis of synchronous generator at present, it is practical and
The online test method of excellent performance is seriously deficient, the steam turbine generator in having certain methods to be only applicable to synchronous generator, no
Suitable for hydrogenerator.Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the diagnostic level of such failure, exploitation has good practicality
With the synchronous generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit online test method of versatility.
The content of the invention
It is short that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of synchronous generator rotor winding inter-turn based on twin-screw
Road diagnostic method, can solve the problem that the deficiencies in the prior art, improve the diagnostic level of such failure.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows.
A kind of synchronous generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on twin-screw, it is characterised in that including following
Step：
A, selection synchronous generator stator two core through screw rod separated by a distance unshakable in one's determination, on each core through screw rod
Isometric section with position is chosen, measurement line is outwards drawn, two output voltages of core through screw rod are gathered using data acquisition device
Signal；
B, in generator operation, two induced voltages of core through screw rod collected to data acquisition device are carried out
Real-time processing, the induced voltage of two core through screw rod is made the difference or is added, and when result of calculation exceeds given threshold, judges that this is same
There is rotor interturn short-circuit failure in step generator.
Preferably, the distance between two core through screw rod chosen for power generator electrode away from integral multiple.
Preferably, when the distance between two core through screw rod chosen for power generator electrode away from odd-multiple when, by two
The output voltage of core through screw rod is added；When the distance between two core through screw rod chosen for power generator electrode away from even-multiple when,
The output voltage of two core through screw rod is made the difference.
Preferably, the result that the output voltage of two core through screw rod makes the difference or is added, its size and rotor windings turn-to-turn
Short trouble degree is directly proportional.
Preferably, failure determination threshold is set as 5V.
The beneficial effect brought using above-mentioned technical proposal is：Diagnostic method of the invention being capable of inline diagnosis synchronization
The rotor interturn short-circuit failure of generator, signal transacting very simple can exclude generator operation work using twin-screw
Condition changes the influence to Detection results, with antijamming capability and diagnostic accuracy higher.This turns for preventing synchronous generator
Sub- winding interturn short-circuit failure deteriorates, reduces economic loss and raising stability of power system that the unplanned outage time causes
Suffer from significance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the excitation magnetic potential schematic diagram after rotor interturn short-circuit；
Fig. 2 is the measuring principle figure of twin-screw method；
Fig. 3 is the two-dimensional simulation model of synchronous generator；
Radial magnetic fields of Fig. 4 when being unloaded synchronous generator in single swing circle at core through screw rod；
Radial magnetic field when Fig. 5 is synchronous generator nominal load in single swing circle at core through screw rod；
2 induction voltage waveforms of core through screw rod when Fig. 6 is normal synchronous generator zero load rotor windings；
2 induction voltage waveforms of core through screw rod when Fig. 7 is synchronous generator zero load No. 12 groove 1 circles of short circuit in winding of rotor；
2 induction voltage waveforms of core through screw rod when Fig. 8 is synchronous generator zero load No. 12 groove 2 circles of short circuit in winding of rotor；
2 induction voltage waveforms of core through screw rod when Fig. 9 is synchronous generator zero load No. 12 groove 3 circles of short circuit in winding of rotor；
2 induction voltage waveforms of core through screw rod when Figure 10 is synchronous generator zero load No. 12 groove 4 circles of short circuit in winding of rotor；
2 induced voltages of core through screw rod when Figure 11 is synchronous generator zero load No. 12 circle of groove winding 1-4 short circuits of rotor
Difference；
2 induction voltage waveforms of core through screw rod when Figure 12 synchronous generator nominal load rotor windings are normal；
2 induced voltage ripples of core through screw rod during Figure 13 synchronous generator nominal loads No. 12 groove 1 circles of short circuit in winding of rotor
Shape；
2 induced voltage ripples of core through screw rod during Figure 14 synchronous generator nominal loads No. 12 groove 2 circles of short circuit in winding of rotor
Shape；
2 induced voltage ripples of core through screw rod during Figure 15 synchronous generator nominal loads No. 12 groove 3 circles of short circuit in winding of rotor
Shape；
2 induced voltage ripples of core through screw rod during Figure 16 synchronous generator nominal loads No. 12 groove 4 circles of short circuit in winding of rotor
Shape；
2 induced electricities of core through screw rod when Figure 17 is No. 12 circle of groove winding 1-4 short circuits of synchronous generator nominal load rotor
Pressure difference.
2 core through screw rod when Figure 18 is No. 12 groove 1 circles of short circuit in winding of synchronous generator open-circuit excitation curent change and rotor
Induced electricity pressure difference.
In figure：1st, the corresponding magnetic potential step of failure groove, 2, stator core, 3, rotor core, 4, stator winding, 5, rotor around
Group, 6, measurement lead, 7, data acquisition and analytical equipment, 8, core through screw rod.
Specific embodiment
The standardized element used in the present invention can commercially, and shaped piece is according to specification and accompanying drawing
Record can carry out customized, and the specific connected mode of each part is using ripe in the prior art bolt, rivet, weldering
The conventional meanses such as connect, paste, will not be described in detail herein.
Each symbol inventory is in text：ωr, rotor rotation mechanical angular speed；The axial effective length of L, core through screw rod；R、
Core through screw rod and the distance at generator center；Br, radial magnetic flux density；θr, along the mechanical angle of rotor circumference；Ff, rotor windings
Excitation magnetic potential after shorted-turn fault；V, core through screw rod cut the speed of radial magnetic flux density.
A specific embodiment of the invention is comprised the following steps：
Synchronous generator stator two core through screw rod separated by a distance unshakable in one's determination are chosen, is selected on each core through screw rod
Isometric section of same position is taken, measurement line is outwards drawn, gathering two output voltages of core through screw rod using data acquisition device believes
Number；
In generator operation, two induced voltages of core through screw rod collected to data acquisition device carry out reality
When process, the induced voltage of two core through screw rod is made the difference or is added, when result of calculation exceed given threshold when, judge the synchronization
There is rotor interturn short-circuit failure in generator.
The distance between two core through screw rod chosen for power generator electrode away from integral multiple.
When the distance between two core through screw rod chosen for power generator electrode away from odd-multiple when, by two core through screw rod
Output voltage is added；When the distance between two core through screw rod chosen for power generator electrode away from even-multiple when, by two punchings
The output voltage of screw rod makes the difference.
The result that the output voltage of two core through screw rod makes the difference or is added, its size and rotor interturn short-circuit failure journey
Degree is directly proportional.
Failure determination threshold is set as 5V.
After the part winding of synchronous generator rotor magnetic pole occurs turn-to-turn short circuit, being shorted winding internal current is
Zero, the effective turn of the magnetic pole is reduced, and produced excitation magnetic potential will be shown in Fig. 1 less than normal magnetic pole.
In order to prevent the stator core loosening of synchronous generator, it is necessary to be fixed by core through screw rod.Core through screw rod with
The length of stator core quite, through the hole in punching, with insulation filled out by the gap between hole on core through screw rod and punching
Fill, prevent from burning iron core because short circuit causes unshakable in one's determination overheat.The end of core through screw rod is prevented by cross-over block and core inductance
Each screw rod passes through short circuit unshakable in one's determination.
In synchronous generator rotor rotary course, radial magnetic field cuts core through screw rod with synchronization mechanism angular speed, is wearing
Induced voltage on heart screw rod, the induced voltage of core through screw rod can be represented with following formula：
U=BrLv=BrLωrR
By above formula：Due to L, ωr, R be constant, therefore, the induction voltage waveform of core through screw rod and punching spiral shell
The radial component waveform of air gap flux density is identical at bar.Under normal circumstances, magnetic field is completely right to synchronous generator rotor winding
Claim, the voltage magnitude that each magnetic pole senses on core through screw rod is also equal；When synchronous generator occurs rotor interturn short-circuit
Afterwards, main field becomes asymmetric, and the voltage that failure pole senses on core through screw rod will be less than normal magnetic pole, can be special according to this
Levy the rotor interturn short-circuit failure of diagnosis synchronous generator.
Due to synchronous generator different magnetic poles successively inswept core through screw rod when, the operating condition of generator may change
Become, cause the induction voltage waveform of core through screw rod and irregular cycle ripple.This will cause diagnosis effect to be interfered, particularly
Hydrogenerator and the steam turbine generator with high-speed excitation regulatory function, when generator carries out excitation, demagnetization to be tested,
Diagnosis effect will be caused to be deteriorated, be susceptible to erroneous judgement, the antijamming capability of diagnosis will be not enough.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes to choose two core through screw rod on synchronous generator stator iron core simultaneously
As the measurement sensor of rotor interturn short-circuit failure, Fig. 2 is seen.2 spacing of core through screw rod be power generator electrode away from it is whole
Several times, when the distance between 2 core through screw rod for power generator electrode away from odd-multiple when, if wherein 1 core through screw rod is located at N poles
Under, then the correspondence position under another core through screw rod is located just at S extremely, two voltage waveforms of core through screw rod any time sensing
Just antiphase, is added by 2 output voltages of core through screw rod, if rotor windings are normal, result is zero after being added, if turning
There is shorted-turn fault in sub certain magnetic pole, the output voltage of this 2 core through screw rod will appear from partial deviations, and addition result is not
Zero；Similarly, when the distance between 2 core through screw rod for power generator electrode away from even-multiple when, if wherein 1 core through screw rod is located at N
Under extremely, then another core through screw rod another N extremely under same position, the voltage waves of two core through screw rod any times sensing
Shape is just identical, subtracts each other by the output voltage of 2 core through screw rod, if rotor windings are normal, it is zero to subtract each other rear result,
If rotor magnetic pole has shorted-turn fault, the output voltage of this 2 core through screw rod will appear from partial deviations, not be after subtracting each other
Zero.
Above-mentioned is exactly the general principle that twin-screw method diagnoses synchronous generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit, and its advantage is：When
When synchronous generator operating condition changes, change simultaneously through 2 magnetic fields of core through screw rod, 2 punchings when rotor windings are normal
The output voltage of screw rod is forever identical, then becomes different after there is shorted-turn fault, and generator operation work is not received in diagnosis
The influence that condition changes, the antijamming capability of method has obtained significant increase.
One TA1100-78 types steam turbine generator (2 pairs of pole) of selection completes unloaded and nominal load work as research object
Finite element simulation checking under condition, the parameter of the unit is shown in Table 1.
Table 1TA1100-78 type steam turbine generator parameters
The dimension electromagnetic-field simulation model of TA1100-78 types steam turbine generator 2 of foundation is as shown in figure 3, this emulation selection 2 is worn
Heart screw rod is separated by 2 times of pole spans, and the effective length of 2 core through screw rod is 0.2m, and 2 sensings of core through screw rod are obtained by calculating
Voltage.
In order to check validity of the twin-screw diagnostic method under various operating modes, emulation is divided into two kinds of operating modes to be carried out, that is, send out
Empty load of motor runs and band rated load operation.
So that No. 12 grooves of generator occur the short trouble of the different numbers of turn as an example, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is respectively generator zero load and volume
Radial magnetic field under fixed load operating mode during different degree of short circuit at core through screw rod changes over time rule.Can be with from Fig. 4 and Fig. 5
See：Influenceed by rotor interturn short-circuit failure, the radial magnetic field of each magnetic pole of generator occurs in that obvious asymmetric, wears
Magnetic field at heart screw rod also shows asymmetric feature, and during failure pole field is inswept core through screw rod, its radial direction magnetic is close less than rotor
Numerical value when winding is normal.
2 sensings of core through screw rod when Fig. 6-Figure 10 is No. 12 groove winding difference number of turn short circuits of synchronous generator zero load rotor
Voltage condition.It can be seen that：As the short-circuit number of turn increases, the induction voltage waveform deviation of 2 core through screw rod is increasing.Figure 11
It is 2 induced electricity pressure differences of core through screw rod, it is evident that when rotor windings are normal, the induced electricity pressure difference of 2 core through screw rod is almost
Zero, when the short circuit of 1 circle occur in rotor windings, the induced electricity pressure difference of 2 core through screw rod has obvious increase, and maximum deviation exceedes
5V, degree of short circuit is more serious, and the induced voltage difference of 2 core through screw rod is bigger.
2 core through screw rod when Figure 12-Figure 16 is No. 12 groove winding difference number of turn short circuits of synchronous generator nominal load rotor
Induced voltage situation.It can be seen that：As the short-circuit number of turn increases, 2 induction voltage waveform deviations of core through screw rod are increasingly
Greatly.Figure 17 is 2 induced electricity pressure differences of core through screw rod, it is evident that when rotor windings are normal, 2 induced voltages of core through screw rod
Difference is smaller, and in below 5V, when the short circuit of 1 circle occur in rotor windings, the induced electricity pressure difference of 2 core through screw rod has obvious increase,
Maximum deviation is more than 5V, and degree of short circuit is more serious, and the induced voltage difference of 2 core through screw rod is bigger.
Therefore, the rotor of synchronous generator can be gone out with efficient diagnosis using 2 amplitude differences of core through screw rod induced voltage
Winding interturn short-circuit failure, with the exacerbation of rotor interturn short-circuit degree, 2 amplitude differences of core through screw rod induced voltage
Become big, therefore, this method can also reflect the order of severity and development trend of rotor interturn short-circuit failure.
In order to verify the antijamming capability of twin-screw diagnostic method, by taking generator no-load running as an example, in one, generator
Change exciting current in swing circle, exciting current is decreased to 0.5 times of unloaded rated excitation electricity by unloaded rated exciting current
Stream, sets No. 12 circles of groove short circuit in winding 1 of rotor, and the induced voltage deviation for obtaining 2 core through screw rod is as shown in figure 18.Can from Figure 18
To see, even if operating mode changes generator in the process of running, 2 output voltage waveforms of core through screw rod still occur in that bright
Aobvious deviation, maximum deviation still greater than setting threshold value 5V, therefore, double core through screw rod methods have stronger antijamming capability.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear",
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outward " are based on accompanying drawing institute
The orientation or position relationship for showing, are for only for ease of the description present invention, must rather than the device or element for indicating or imply meaning
With specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore must be not considered as limiting the invention.
General principle of the invention and principal character and advantages of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appending claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of synchronous generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on twin-screw, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
A, selection synchronous generator stator two core through screw rod separated by a distance unshakable in one's determination, choose on each core through screw rod
With isometric section of position, measurement line is outwards drawn, two output voltage signals of core through screw rod are gathered using data acquisition device；
B, in generator operation, two induced voltages of core through screw rod collected to data acquisition device are carried out in real time
Treatment, the induced voltage of two core through screw rod is made the difference or is added, and when result of calculation exceeds given threshold, judges that the synchronization is sent out
There is rotor interturn short-circuit failure in motor.
2. the synchronous generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on twin-screw according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be：The distance between two core through screw rod chosen for power generator electrode away from integral multiple.
3. the synchronous generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on twin-screw according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be：When the distance between two core through screw rod chosen for power generator electrode away from odd-multiple when, by two core through screw rod
Output voltage is added；When the distance between two core through screw rod chosen for power generator electrode away from even-multiple when, by two punchings
The output voltage of screw rod makes the difference.
4. the synchronous generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on twin-screw according to claim 3, it is special
Levy and be：The result that the output voltage of two core through screw rod makes the difference or is added, its size and rotor interturn short-circuit failure journey
Degree is directly proportional.
5. the synchronous generator rotor winding interturn short-circuit diagnostic method based on twin-screw according to claim 4, it is special
Levy and be：Failure determination threshold is set as 5V.
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20170531 |
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