CN104764974B - A kind of brushless excitation generator rotor interturn short-circuit method for diagnosing faults - Google Patents
A kind of brushless excitation generator rotor interturn short-circuit method for diagnosing faults Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of brushless excitation generator rotor interturn short-circuit method for diagnosing faults, including reactive power theory value under brushless excitation generator normal condition described in backwards calculationQ, calculate the reactive power measured value of the brushless excitation generatorQ ’ With reactive power theory valueQReactive power relative deviationWith compare reactive power relative deviationThe step of whether rotor interturn short-circuit failure occurs judged with predetermined threshold value magnitude relationship.It improves brushless excitation generator rotor interturn short-circuit context of detection accuracy.Brushless excitation generator be compensate for using exciting current immesurable defect during exciting current method, the failure under any operating mode can be detected, the size of criterion can directly reflect the order of severity of short trouble.It need not increase new monitoring point, easy to operate, and sensitivity is high, cost-effective.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of generator rotor interturn short-circuit method for diagnosing faults, especially a kind of brushless excitation hair
Motor rotor winding interturn short-circuit failure diagnosing method, belongs to generator failure diagnostic techniques field.
Background technology
At present, the method for on-line checking rotor interturn short-circuit failure mainly have search coil method, exciting current method with
And the detection method based on rotor fundamental vibration.
Search coil method is to carry out differential to the rotating excitation field in electricity generator stator core air gap, then passes through signal Analysis
Waveform after differential diagnoses position of the rotor windings with the presence or absence of shorted-turn fault and failure groove.But, this method is only
It is adapted to the non salient pole machine of the distributed winding of diagnosis and higher monitoring reliability could be only obtained in empty load of motor state, and works as
During motor run with load, Effect on Detecting is not obvious, and accuracy in detection is poor.
Exciting current method is that rotor short-circuit failure is monitored according to the change of exciting current before and after short trouble, but brushless
The exciting current of excitation system is immesurable, and this method is not suitable for brushless excitation generator.
The detection method of fundamental vibration based on rotor is to detect failure by analyzing the vibration signal of rotor,
But rotor oscillation is the result of electromechanical cross action, includes the influence of the original state such as mass unbalance and dynamic bias, this makes
The fundamental vibration for obtaining motor after short-circuit generation may be still in normal range (NR), it is impossible to which detection is out of order.
The content of the invention
Examined the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of brushless excitation generator rotor interturn short-circuit failure
Disconnected method.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of brushless excitation generator rotor interturn short-circuit method for diagnosing faults, comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Reactive power theory value Q under brushless excitation generator normal condition described in backwards calculation;
Step 2:Calculate the reactive power measured value Q of the brushless excitation generator’It is idle with reactive power theory value Q
Power relative deviation a%:
Wherein U is stator voltage, xdIt is longitudinal axis synchronous reactance;
Step 3:If the reactive power relative deviation a% is more than predetermined threshold value, brushless excitation generator rotor is judged
There is shorted-turn fault in winding;Otherwise, judge that shorted-turn fault is not present in brushless excitation generator rotor windings.
The step 1 include it is following step by step:
Step 1-1:The electric parameter when brushless excitation generator is normally run is gathered, the brushless excitation hair is calculated
Generator excitation I when motor is normally runfd;The electric parameter includes active-power P, reactive power Q, stator voltage U and encouraged
The exciting current I of magnetomechanicalf;
Step 1-2:Set up the brushless excitation generator reactive power and calculate model Q (P, U, Ifd):
Active-power P, reactive power Q, stator voltage U and exciter when normally being run with the brushless excitation generator
Exciting current IfFor input data, using reactive power Q as output data, fitting reactive power calculates model Q (P, U, Ifd);
Step 1-3:Reactive power Q when brushless excitation generator described in synchronous acquisition is run’, active-power P ', stator
Voltage U ' and exciter exciting current I 'f, calculate the exciting current I ' during the brushless excitation generator operationfd;
Step 1-4:The active-power P when brushless excitation generator is run ', stator voltage U ' and exciting current
I’fdBring reactive power into and calculate model Q (P, U, Ifd), calculate the reactive power theory during brushless excitation generator operation
Value Q.
The step 1-2 is fitted the reactive power using neutral net and calculates model Q (P, U, Ifd)。
It is using the beneficial effect produced by above-mentioned technical proposal:
1st, it occurs after turn-to-turn short circuit using generator amature winding, and effective magnetic field weakens, what output reactive power reduced
Feature, Fault Identification is carried out using the criterion of reactive power relative deviation, improves brushless excitation generator rotor windings circle
Between accuracy in terms of short-circuit detecting.
2nd, it judges brushless excitation generator rotor interturn short-circuit failure by the relative deviation of reactive power, more
Brushless excitation generator has been mended using exciting current immesurable defect during exciting current method, can be to the failure under any operating mode
Detected, the size of criterion can directly reflect the order of severity of short trouble.
3rd, it need not increase new monitoring point, easy to operate, and sensitivity is high, cost-effective.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of step 1 of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of brushless excitation generator rotor interturn short-circuit method for diagnosing faults, comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Reactive power theory value Q under brushless excitation generator normal condition described in backwards calculation;
Step 2:Calculate the brushless excitation generator reactive power measured value Q ' and reactive power theory value Q it is idle
Power relative deviation a%:
Wherein U is stator voltage, xdIt is longitudinal axis synchronous reactance;
Step 3:If the reactive power relative deviation a% is more than predetermined threshold value, brushless excitation generator rotor is judged
There is shorted-turn fault in winding;Otherwise, judge that shorted-turn fault is not present in brushless excitation generator rotor windings.
The step 1 include it is following step by step:
Step 1-1:The electric parameter when brushless excitation generator is normally run is gathered, the brushless excitation hair is calculated
Generator excitation I when motor is normally runfd;The electric parameter includes active-power P, reactive power Q, stator voltage U and encouraged
The exciting current I of magnetomechanicalf;
Step 1-2:Set up the brushless excitation generator reactive power and calculate model Q (P, U, Ifd):
Active-power P, reactive power Q, stator voltage U and exciter when normally being run with the brushless excitation generator
Exciting current IfFor input data, using reactive power Q as output data, fitting reactive power calculates model Q (P, U, Ifd);
Step 1-3:Reactive power Q when brushless excitation generator described in synchronous acquisition is run’, active-power P ', stator
Voltage U ' and exciter exciting current I 'f, calculate the exciting current I ' during the brushless excitation generator operationfd;
Step 1-4:The active-power P when brushless excitation generator is run ', stator voltage U ' and exciting current
I’fdBring reactive power into and calculate model Q (P, U, Ifd), calculate the reactive power theory during brushless excitation generator operation
Value Q.
The step 1-2 is fitted the reactive power using neutral net and calculates model Q (P, U, Ifd)。
Reactive power relative deviation a% sizes characterize the degree of short circuit of rotor windings, and numerical value is bigger, and degree of short circuit is tighter
Weight.
In view of the error in generator parameter and data acquisition, if the threshold value of the present embodiment is 4% a%>Threshold
Rotor interturn short-circuit failure occurs for value, brushless excitation generator;If a%≤threshold value, brushless excitation generator is without rotor
Winding interturn short-circuit failure.
For brushless excitation generator, exciting current can not be surveyed, and generator excitation is the excitation control by exciter
System, we can utilize the exciting current of measurable exciter, according to exciter and commutation system mathematical modeling, calculate just
Generator excitation under normal running situation.Under normal condition, for a certain determination state (excitation, the active and terminal voltage of generator
One timing), reactive power can be calculated and calculate standard value Q, then compared the actual measured value Q ' of it and reactive power
Compared with, judged whether by the rate of change of actual measured value corresponding standard value occur rotor interturn short-circuit.
It is assumed that the idle calculated values of Q, Q ' reactive power measurement values, IfExciting current of exciter, IfdExciter current of generator, P is active
Power, U stator voltages, wfdThe rotor windings number of turn, w 'fdThe rotor windings residue number of turn, p power generator electrode logarithms, ψ synchronous motors are each
Winding magnetic linkage matrix, each winding resistance matrix of R synchronous motors, each winding current matrix of I synchronous motors, ω motor speeds, udIt is fixed
Sub- winding voltage vertical axis component, uqStator winding voltage quadrature component, u0Stator winding voltage zero-axis component, ufdRotor windings are encouraged
Magnetoelectricity pressure, ψdSynchronous motor stator winding longitudinal axis magnetic linkage, ψqSynchronous motor stator winding transverse axis magnetic linkage, ψ0Synchronous motor stator around
Group zero axle magnetic linkage, ψfdSynchronous electric motor rotor winding magnetic linkage, ψ1dEquivalent longitudinal axis Damper Winding magnetic linkage, ψ1qEquivalent transverse axis Damper Winding
Magnetic linkage, idStator winding current vertical axis component, iqStator winding current quadrature component, i0Stator winding current zero-axis component, I1dDeng
Imitate longitudinal axis Damper Winding electric current, I1qEquivalent transverse axis Damper Winding electric current, r stator winding resistances, RfdExciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection resistance, R1dDeng
Imitate longitudinal axis Damper Winding resistance, R1qEquivalent transverse axis Damper Winding resistance, xdLongitudinal axis synchronous reactance, xadThe longitudinal axis reactance of armature reaction,
xqQuadrature-axis synchronous reactance, xaqCross-magnetizing armature reaction reactance, x0Zero axle synchronous reactance, xffdExciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection reactance, xf1dExciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
With the mutual induction reactance of longitudinal axis Damper Winding, x11dLongitudinal axis Damper Winding reactance, x11qTransverse axis Damper Winding reactance, δ generator's power and angles, iaIt is fixed
Sub- winding A phase currents, ibStator winding B phase currents, icStator winding C phase currents, E generator no-load electromotive forces, LadSynchronous electricity
Machine longitudinal axis Armature inductance coefficient, MafdTotal mutual inductance of stator A phase windings and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, Mafd0Stator A phase windings with
Total mutual inductance maximum of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, LδStator self inductance base value, kifdStator current base value and rotor current base value ratio, iδIt is fixed
Electron current base value, IfdδRotor current base value, τ motor pole spans, l stator winding conductor bars in electrical machines effective lengths, asStator winding circuitry number,
afdEach pole Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection circuitry number, k0δ1Stator winding fundamental wave winding coefficient, k0δfd1Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection fundamental wave winding coefficient, λd11Gas
Output voltage after gap unit permeance, w stator winding circles, U ' generator rotor interturn short-circuit failures, E ' generators turn
Generator rotor angle after no-load electromotive force after sub- winding interturn short-circuit failure, δ ' generator rotor interturn short-circuit failures.
The derivation of brushless excitation generator rotor interturn short-circuit fault diagnosis criterion based on idle relative deviation is such as
Under:
Brushless excitation generator Park equation is:
Wherein:
It is assumed that generator bringing onto load under the conditions of steady-state symmetrical is run, generator rotor angle is δ, so there is boundary condition:
I1d=0, I1q=0,ω=1, ψd=constant, ψq=constant, ud=Usin δ, uq=Ucos
δ
Park equation is substituted into obtain:
ud=-ψq-rid=xqiq-rid (3)
uq=ψd-riq=E-xdid-riq (4)
In actual synchronous generator, stator resistance r value generally very little, therefore, above formula can be reduced to:
So result above is brought into, synchronous generator active power of output and reactive power are respectively:
If implicit pole synchronous motor, xq=xd, then:
Generator no-load electromotive force:
E=xadIfd (13)
Wherein:
xad=Lad=Mafd (14)
Bring formula (13)~formula (16) into formula (12), obtaining generator no-load electromotive force is:
Bring formula (17) into formula (11) and obtain the idle and rotor number of turn relation of generator output:
Wherein:
If turn-to-turn short circuit occurs for rotor windings, idle output is changed into:
In formula, prime amount is that generator value after turn-to-turn short circuit occurs for rotor windings.
Rotor windings number of turn expression formula before and after rotor interturn short-circuit failure occurs for the transformed generator that obtains:
Degree of short circuit criterion after shorted-turn fault occurs for rotor windings:
Due to generator connecting in parallel with system operation, generator port voltage keeps constant before and after rotor interturn short-circuit failure:
The brushless excitation generator rotor interturn short-circuit fault diagnosis that formula (24) is namely based on idle relative deviation is new
Criterion, the criterion is slightly more a little bit smaller than idle change relative value, illustrates that Short Circuit Between Generator Rotor Windings failure causes idle change
It is bigger, if salient pole generator, idle formula is exported according to generator, compared with non-salient pole machine, criterion is than idle relative value more
It is a little bit smaller.The influence of generator field saturation is not accounted for during pushing in addition, because magnetic field saturation can cause magnetic density
Relatively reduced, idle output will reduce, therefore the criterion numerical value can be affected by it, and be influenceed almost if generator is underexcited operation
No, encouraged if crossing, influence degree increases and increase with degree of encouraging is crossed.The other criterion has been also adapted to the generating of brush excitation
Machine.
In the present embodiment, under the normal grid-connected state of brushless excitation generator, active power is maintained at 18% or so,
Change Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection turn-to-turn short circuit degree, degree of short circuit increases to 20% successively from 0, verify effectiveness of the invention, stator electricity
Flow generator electrical state monitoring amount online record data and result of calculation during for 20A and be shown in Table 1.It can be seen that criterion calculated value a%
Approached with the short-circuit number of turn percentage of experiment, demonstrate the accuracy of the present invention.
Table 1
Claims (3)
1. a kind of brushless excitation generator rotor interturn short-circuit method for diagnosing faults, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:
Step 1:Reactive power theory value Q under brushless excitation generator normal condition described in backwards calculation;
Step 2:Calculate the reactive power measured value Q ' and reactive power theory value Q of the brushless excitation generator reactive power
Relative deviation a%:
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Wherein U is stator voltage, xdIt is longitudinal axis synchronous reactance;
Step 3:If the reactive power relative deviation a% is more than predetermined threshold value, brushless excitation generator rotor windings are judged
There is shorted-turn fault;Otherwise, judge that shorted-turn fault is not present in brushless excitation generator rotor windings.
2. brushless excitation generator rotor interturn short-circuit method for diagnosing faults according to claim 1, its feature exists
In:The step 1 include it is following step by step:
Step 1-1:The electric parameter when brushless excitation generator is normally run is gathered, the brushless excitation generator is calculated
Generator excitation I during normal operationfd;The electric parameter includes active-power P, reactive power Q, stator voltage U and exciter
Exciting current If;
Step 1-2:Set up the brushless excitation generator reactive power and calculate model Q (P, U, Ifd):
Active-power P, reactive power Q, stator voltage U and exciter when normally being run with the brushless excitation generator are encouraged
Magnetoelectricity stream IfFor input data, using reactive power Q as output data, fitting reactive power calculates model Q (P, U, Ifd);
Step 1-3:Reactive power Q ', active-power P ' when brushless excitation generator described in synchronous acquisition is run, stator voltage
U ' and exciter exciting current I 'f, calculate the exciting current I ' during the brushless excitation generator operationfd;
Step 1-4:The active-power P when brushless excitation generator is run ', stator voltage U ' and exciting current I 'fdBand
Enter reactive power and calculate model Q (P, U, Ifd), calculate the reactive power theory value Q during brushless excitation generator operation.
3. brushless excitation generator rotor interturn short-circuit method for diagnosing faults according to claim 2, its feature exists
In:The step 1-2 is fitted the reactive power using neutral net and calculates model Q (P, U, Ifd)。
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